!759

/**
 JavaX runner version 31

 Changes to v31:
 -trying to cache unchanged programs

 TODO when making x32: change program ID in source
 */

m { p { throw new RuntimeException("placebo"); } }

interface StringFunc {
  String get(String s);
}

class x30 implements Runnable {
  static final String version = "JavaX 31";
  static final int subversion = 1;
  static final S javaxProgramID = "#1004305";
  
  // If programs run longer than this, they might have their class files
  // deleted. We make it way longer for now.
  static int tempFileRetentionTime = 30*24; // hours
  
  static int maxConsoleChars = 1024*1024;
  
  static boolean verbose = false, translate = false, list = false, virtualizeTranslators = true;
  static String translateTo = null;
  static boolean preferCached = false, noID = false, noPrefetch = false, noAWT = false;
  static boolean safeOnly = false, safeTranslate = false, javacOnly = false, logOn = true;
  static boolean runMainInProcess = true, consoleOn = true, hasHelloMessage = false;
  static List<String[]> mainTranslators = new ArrayList<String[]>();
  private static Map<Long, String> memSnippetCache = new HashMap<Long, String>();
  private static int processesStarted, compilations;

  // snippet ID -> md5
  private static HashMap<Long, String> prefetched = new HashMap<Long, String>();
  private static File virtCache;
  
  // doesn't work yet
  private static Map<String, Class<?>> programCache = new HashMap<String, Class<?>>();
  static boolean cacheTranslators = false;

  // this should work (caches transpiled translators)
  private static HashMap<Long, Object[]> translationCache = new HashMap<Long, Object[]>();
  static boolean cacheTranspiledTranslators = true;

  // which snippets are available pre-transpiled server-side?
  private static Set<Long> hasTranspiledSet = new HashSet<Long>();
  static boolean useServerTranspiled = true;

  static Object androidContext;
  static boolean android = isAndroid();
  
  // We stick to 1.7 for now to support android.
  // Scripts like #1001155 might change to 1.6
  static S javaTarget = System.getProperty("java.version").startsWith("1.6.") ? "1.6" : "1.7";

  // Translators currently being translated (to detect recursions)
  private static Set<Long> translating = new HashSet<Long>();

  static String lastOutput;
  static String[] fullArgs;
  private static Console console;
  
  static String javaCompilerOutput;
  
  static int systemOutPipeSize = 128*1024; // 128 K
  static int systemErrPipeSize = 4*1024; // 4 K
  static int systemInPipeSize = 4*1024; // 4 K

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    try {
      goMain(args);
    } catch (Throwable e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
  }
  
  static void goMain(String[] args) throws Exception {
    __javax = x30.class; // for hotwire
    
    if (args.length != 0 && args[0].equals("-v")) verbose = true;
    redirectSystemOutAndErr();

    for (S arg : args)
      if (arg.equals("-noawt"))
        noAWT = true;
        
    if (consoleOn && console == null && !noAWT)
      tryToOpenConsole(args);
    
    String autoReport = loadTextFile(new File(userHome(), ".javax/auto-report-to-chat").getPath(), "").trim();
    //print("autoReport=" + autoReport);
    if (!isChatServer(args) && autoReport.equals("1"))
      autoReportToChat();

    if (!hasHelloMessage) {
      hasHelloMessage = true;
      //installHelloMessage(args.length == 0 ? "JavaX Start-Up VM" : "JavaX VM (" + smartJoin(args) + ")");
      makeVMAndroid();
    }
    
    File ioBaseDir = new File("."), inputDir = null, outputDir = null;
    String src = null;
    List<String> programArgs = new ArrayList<String>();
    fullArgs = args;

    for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
      String arg = args[i];

      if (arg.equals("-version")) {
        showVersion();
        System.exit(0);
      }

      if (arg.equals("-sysprop")) {
        showSystemProperties();
        return;
      }

      if (arg.equals("-v") || arg.equals("-verbose"))
        verbose = true;
      else if (arg.equals("-finderror"))
        verbose = true;
      else if (arg.equals("-offline") || arg.equalsIgnoreCase("-prefercached"))
        preferCached = true;
      else if (arg.equals("-novirt"))
        virtualizeTranslators = false;
      else if (arg.equals("-safeonly"))
        safeOnly = true;
      else if (arg.equals("-safetranslate"))
        safeTranslate = true;
      else if (arg.equals("-noawt"))
        noAWT = true;
      else if (arg.equals("-noid"))
        noID = true;
      else if (arg.equals("-nocachetranspiled"))
        cacheTranspiledTranslators = false;
      else if (arg.equals("-javac"))
        javacOnly = true;
      else if (arg.equals("-localtranspile"))
        useServerTranspiled = false;
      else if (arg.equals("translate") && src == null)
        translate = true;
      else if (arg.equals("list") && src == null) {
        list = true;
        virtualizeTranslators = false; // so they are silenced
      } else if (arg.equals("run") && src == null) {
        // it's the default command anyway
      } else if (arg.startsWith("input="))
        inputDir = new File(arg.substring(6));
      else if (arg.startsWith("output="))
        outputDir = new File(arg.substring(7));
      else if (arg.equals("with"))
        mainTranslators.add(new String[] {args[++i], null});
      else if (translate && arg.equals("to"))
        translateTo = args[++i];
      else if (src == null) {
        //System.out.println("src=" + arg);
        src = arg;
      } else
        programArgs.add(arg);
    }

    cleanCache();

    if (useServerTranspiled)
      noPrefetch = true;

    if (src == null) src = ".";

    // Might actually want to write to 2 disk caches (global/per program).
    if (virtualizeTranslators && !preferCached)
      virtCache = TempDirMaker_make();

    if (inputDir != null) {
      ioBaseDir = TempDirMaker_make();
      System.out.println("Taking input from: " + inputDir.getAbsolutePath());
      System.out.println("Output is in: " + new File(ioBaseDir, "output").getAbsolutePath());
      copyInput(inputDir, new File(ioBaseDir, "input"));
    }
    
    if (logOn)
      logStart(args);

    javaxmain(src, ioBaseDir, translate, list, programArgs.toArray(new String[programArgs.size()]));

    if (outputDir != null) {
      copyInput(new File(ioBaseDir, "output"), outputDir);
      System.out.println("Output copied to: " + outputDir.getAbsolutePath());
    }

    if (verbose) {
      // print stats
      System.out.println("Processes started: " + processesStarted + ", compilations: " + compilations);
    }
  }

  public static void javaxmain(String src, File ioDir, boolean translate, boolean list,
                               String[] args) throws Exception {
    String programID = isSnippetID(src) ? "" + parseSnippetID(src) : null;
    
    if (programID != null)
      System.err.println("JavaX TRANSLATE " + programID + " " + smartJoin(args));
    
    List<File> libraries = new ArrayList<File>();
    File X = transpileMain(src, libraries);
    if (verbose)
      print("After transpileMain: " + X);
      
    if (X == null) {
      showVersion();
      
      if (fullArgs != null) {
        String[] nargs;
        if (fullArgs.length == 0)
          nargs = new String[] {"1000825"}; // swing-start
        else {
          // forward to search
          nargs = new String[fullArgs.length+1];
          nargs[0] = "636";
          // nargs[1] = "search-runnables";
          System.arraycopy(fullArgs, 0, nargs, 1, fullArgs.length);
        }
        main(nargs); // Hopefully we get no infinite recursion :)
        return;
      }
      
      System.out.println("No main.java found, exiting");
      return;
    }
    
    info.transpiledSrc = X;

    // list or run

    if (translate) {
      File to = X;
      if (translateTo != null) {
        StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
        for (File f : libraries) buf.append(f.getName()+"\n");
        if (new File(translateTo).isDirectory()) {
          to = new File(translateTo, "main.java");
          saveTextFile(new File(translateTo, "libraries.txt").getPath(), buf.toString());
        } else {
          to = new File(translateTo);
          saveTextFile(new File(translateTo + "_libraries").getPath(), buf.toString());
        }
      }
      if (to != X)
        copy(new File(X, "main.java"), to);
      System.out.println("Program translated to: " + to.getAbsolutePath());
    } else if (list)
      System.out.println(loadTextFile(new File(X, "main.java").getPath(), null));
    else {
      if (programID != null)
        System.err.println("JavaX RUN " + programID + " " + smartJoin(args));
      System.err.println(); // Make empty line before actual program starts
      
      javax2(X, ioDir, false, runMainInProcess, libraries, args, null, programID, info);
      
      System.out.println("[main done]");
      
      // cleanup reportToChat thread
      if (reportToChat_q != null) {
        if (customSystemOut != null)
          Thread.sleep(1000); // delay to finish autoReportToChat. Yes it's hacky.
        if (verbose) System.out.println("Closing reportToChat queue");
        reportToChat_q.done();
      }
    }
  }

  static File transpileMain(String src, List<File> libraries) throws Exception {
    File srcDir = null;
    boolean isTranspiled = false;
    if (isSnippetID(src)) {
      S transpiledSrc = getTranspilationFromBossBot(parseSnippetID(src));
      if (transpiledSrc != null) {
        int i = transpiledSrc.indexOf('\n');
        String libs = transpiledSrc.substring(0, Math.max(0, i));
        transpiledSrc = transpiledSrc.substring(i+1);
        if (!transpiledSrc.isEmpty()) {
          srcDir = TempDirMaker_make();
          saveTextFile(new File(srcDir, "main.java").getPath(), transpiledSrc);
          isTranspiled = true;

          Matcher m = Pattern.compile("\\d+").matcher(libs);
          while (m.find()) {
            String libid = m.group();
            File libraryFile = DiskSnippetCache_getLibrary(parseSnippetID(libid));
            loadLibrary(libid, libraries, libraryFile);
          }
        }
      }
     
      if (srcDir == null) {
        prefetch(src);
        long id = parseSnippetID(src);
        prefetched.remove(id); // hackfix to ensure transpiled main program is found.
        srcDir = loadSnippetAsMainJava(src);
        if (verbose)
          System.err.println("hasTranspiledSet: " + hasTranspiledSet);
        if (hasTranspiledSet.contains(id) && useServerTranspiled) {
          //System.err.println("Trying pretranspiled main program: #" + id);
          transpiledSrc = getServerTranspiled("#" + id);
          int i = transpiledSrc.indexOf('\n');
          String libs = transpiledSrc.substring(0, Math.max(0, i));
          transpiledSrc = transpiledSrc.substring(i+1);
          if (!transpiledSrc.isEmpty()) {
            srcDir = TempDirMaker_make();
            saveTextFile(new File(srcDir, "main.java").getPath(), transpiledSrc);
            isTranspiled = true;
            //translationCache.put(id, new Object[] {srcDir, libraries});
  
            Matcher m = Pattern.compile("\\d+").matcher(libs);
            while (m.find()) {
              String libid = m.group();
              File libraryFile = DiskSnippetCache_getLibrary(parseSnippetID(libid));
              loadLibrary(libid, libraries, libraryFile);
            }
          }
        }
      }
    } else {
      srcDir = new File(src);

      // if the argument is a file, it is assumed to be main.java
      if (srcDir.isFile()) {
        srcDir = TempDirMaker_make();
        copy(new File(src), new File(srcDir, "main.java"));
      }

      if (!new File(srcDir, "main.java").exists())
        return null;
    }

    // translate

    File X = srcDir;

    if (!isTranspiled) {
      X = topLevelTranslate(X, libraries);
      System.err.println("Translated " + src);

      // save prefetch data
      if (isSnippetID(src))
        savePrefetchData(src);
    }
    return X;
  }

  private static void prefetch(String mainSnippetID) throws IOException {
    if (noPrefetch) return;

    long mainID = parseSnippetID(mainSnippetID);
    String s = mainID + " " + loadTextFile(new File(userHome(), ".tinybrain/prefetch/" + mainID + ".txt").getPath(), "");
    String[] ids = s.trim().split(" ");
    if (ids.length > 1) {
      String url = "http://tinybrain.de:8080/tb-int/prefetch.php?ids=" + URLEncoder.encode(s, "UTF-8");
      String data = loadPage(new URL(url));
      String[] split = data.split(" ");
      if (split.length == ids.length)
        for (int i = 0; i < ids.length; i++)
          prefetched.put(parseSnippetID(ids[i]), split[i]);
    }
  }

  static String userHome() {
    if (android)
      return ((File) call(androidContext, "getFilesDir")).getAbsolutePath();
    else
      return System.getProperty("user.home");
  }

  private static void savePrefetchData(String mainSnippetID) throws IOException {
    List<String> ids = new ArrayList<String>();
    long mainID = parseSnippetID(mainSnippetID);

    for (long id : memSnippetCache.keySet())
      if (id != mainID)
        ids.add(String.valueOf(id));

    saveTextFile(new File(userHome(),".tinybrain/prefetch/" + mainID + ".txt").getPath(), join(" ", ids));
  }

  static File topLevelTranslate(File srcDir, List<File> libraries_out) throws Exception {
    File X = srcDir;
    X = applyTranslators(X, mainTranslators, libraries_out); // translators supplied on command line (unusual)

    // actual inner translation of the JavaX source
    X = defaultTranslate(X, libraries_out);
    return X;
  }

  private static File defaultTranslate(File x, List<File> libraries_out) throws Exception {
    x = luaPrintToJavaPrint(x);
    x = repeatAutoTranslate(x, libraries_out);
    return x;
  }

  private static File repeatAutoTranslate(File x, List<File> libraries_out) throws Exception {
    new List<String[]> postTranslators;
    
    while (true) {
      String main = loadTextFile(new File(x, "main.java").getPath(), null);
      List<String> lines = toLines(main);
      List<String[]> t = findPostTranslators(lines);
      postTranslators.addAll(t);
      
      if (!t.isEmpty()) {
        main = fromLines(lines);
        x = TempDirMaker_make();
        saveTextFile(new File(x, "main.java").getPath(), main);
      }

      File y = autoTranslate(x, libraries_out);
      if (y == x)
        break;
      x = y;
    }
    
    x = applyTranslators(x, postTranslators, libraries_out);
    
    return x;
  }

  private static File autoTranslate(File x, List<File> libraries_out) throws Exception {
    String main = loadTextFile(new File(x, "main.java").getPath(), null);
    List<String> lines = toLines(main);
    List<String[]> translators = findTranslators(lines);
    if (translators.isEmpty())
      return x;

    main = fromLines(lines);
    File newDir = TempDirMaker_make();
    saveTextFile(new File(newDir, "main.java").getPath(), main);
    return applyTranslators(newDir, translators, libraries_out);
  }

  static List<String[]> findTranslators(List<String> lines) {
    List<String[]> translators = new ArrayList<String[]>();
    Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("^!([0-9# \t]+)");
    Pattern pArgs = Pattern.compile("^\\s*\\((.*)\\)");
    for (ListIterator<String> iterator = lines.listIterator(); iterator.hasNext(); ) {
      String line = iterator.next();
      line = line.trim();
      Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(line);
      if (matcher.find()) {
        String[] t = matcher.group(1).split("[ \t]+");
        String rest = line.substring(matcher.end());
        String arg = null;
        if (t.length == 1) {
          Matcher mArgs = pArgs.matcher(rest);
          if (mArgs.find())
            arg = mArgs.group(1);
        }
        for (String transi : t)
          translators.add(new String[]{transi, arg});
        iterator.remove();
      }
    }
    return translators;
  }

  static List<String[]> findPostTranslators(List<String> lines) {
    List<String[]> translators = new ArrayList<String[]>();
    Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("^!post\\s*([0-9# \t]+)");
    Pattern pArgs = Pattern.compile("^\\s*\\((.*)\\)");
    for (ListIterator<String> iterator = lines.listIterator(); iterator.hasNext(); ) {
      String line = iterator.next();
      line = line.trim();
      Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(line);
      if (matcher.find()) {
        String[] t = matcher.group(1).split("[ \t]+");
        String rest = line.substring(matcher.end());
        String arg = null;
        if (t.length == 1) {
          Matcher mArgs = pArgs.matcher(rest);
          if (mArgs.find())
            arg = mArgs.group(1);
        }
        for (String transi : t)
          translators.add(new String[]{transi, arg});
        iterator.remove();
      }
    }
    return translators;
  }

  public static List<String> toLines(String s) {
    List<String> lines = new ArrayList<String>();
    int start = 0;
    while (true) {
      int i = toLines_nextLineBreak(s, start);
      if (i < 0) {
        if (s.length() > start) lines.add(s.substring(start));
        break;
      }

      lines.add(s.substring(start, i));
      if (s.charAt(i) == '\r' && i+1 < s.length() && s.charAt(i+1) == '\n')
        i += 2;
      else
        ++i;

      start = i;
    }
    return lines;
  }

  private static int toLines_nextLineBreak(String s, int start) {
    for (int i = start; i < s.length(); i++) {
      char c = s.charAt(i);
      if (c == '\r' || c == '\n')
        return i;
    }
    return -1;
  }

  public static String fromLines(List<String> lines) {
    StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
    for (String line : lines) {
      buf.append(line).append('\n');
    }
    return buf.toString();
  }

  private static File applyTranslators(File x, List<String[]> translators, List<File> libraries_out) throws Exception {
    for (String[] translator : translators)
      x = applyTranslator(x, translator[0], translator[1], libraries_out);
    return x;
  }

  // also takes a library
  private static File applyTranslator(File x, String translator, String arg, List<File> libraries_out) throws Exception {
    if (verbose)
      System.out.println("Using translator " + translator + " on sources in " + x.getPath());

    File newDir = runTranslatorOnInput(translator, null, arg, x, !verbose, libraries_out);

    if (!new File(newDir, "main.java").exists()) {
      throw new Exception("Translator " + translator + " did not generate main.java");
      // TODO: show translator output
    }
    if (verbose)
      System.out.println("Translated with " + translator + " from " + x.getPath() + " to " + newDir.getPath());
    x = newDir;
    return x;
  }

  private static File luaPrintToJavaPrint(File x) throws IOException {
    File newDir = TempDirMaker_make();
    String code = loadTextFile(new File(x, "main.java").getPath(), null);
    code = luaPrintToJavaPrint(code);
    saveTextFile(new File(newDir, "main.java").getPath(), code);
    return newDir;
  }

  public static String luaPrintToJavaPrint(String code) {
    return ("\n" + code).replaceAll(
      "(\n\\s*)print (\".*\")",
      "$1System.out.println($2);").substring(1);
  }

  public static File loadSnippetAsMainJava(String snippetID) throws IOException {
    checkProgramSafety(snippetID);
    File srcDir = TempDirMaker_make();
    saveTextFile(new File(srcDir, "main.java").getPath(), loadSnippet(snippetID));
    return srcDir;
  }

  public static File loadSnippetAsMainJavaVerified(String snippetID, String hash) throws IOException {
    checkProgramSafety(snippetID);
    File srcDir = TempDirMaker_make();
    saveTextFile(new File(srcDir, "main.java").getPath(), loadSnippetVerified(snippetID, hash));
    return srcDir;
  }

  @SuppressWarnings( "unchecked" )
  /** returns output dir */
  private static File runTranslatorOnInput(String snippetID, String hash, String arg, File input,
                                           boolean silent,
                                           List<File> libraries_out) throws Exception {
    if (safeTranslate)
      checkProgramSafetyImpl(snippetID);
    long id = parseSnippetID(snippetID);

    // It's a library, not a translator.
    File libraryFile = DiskSnippetCache_getLibrary(id);
    if (verbose)
      System.out.println("Library file for " + id + ": " + libraryFile);
    if (libraryFile != null) {
      loadLibrary(snippetID, libraries_out, libraryFile);
      return input;
    }

    String[] args = arg != null ? new String[]{arg} : new String[0];

    File srcDir = hash == null ? loadSnippetAsMainJava(snippetID)
      : loadSnippetAsMainJavaVerified(snippetID, hash);
    long mainJavaSize = new File(srcDir, "main.java").length();

    if (verbose)
      System.out.println(snippetID + ": length = " + mainJavaSize);
    if (mainJavaSize == 0) { // no text in snippet? assume it's a library
      loadLibrary(snippetID, libraries_out, libraryFile);
      return input;
    }

    List<File> libraries = new ArrayList<File>();
    Object[] cached = translationCache.get(id);
    if (cached != null) {
      //System.err.println("Taking translator " + snippetID + " from cache!");
      srcDir = (File) cached[0];
      libraries = (List<File>) cached[1];
    } else if (hasTranspiledSet.contains(id) && useServerTranspiled) {
      System.err.println("Trying pretranspiled translator: #" + snippetID);
      String transpiledSrc = getServerTranspiled(snippetID);
      transpiledSrc = transpiledSrc.substring(transpiledSrc.indexOf('\n')+1);
      // TODO: check for libraries
      if (!transpiledSrc.isEmpty()) {
        srcDir = TempDirMaker_make();
        saveTextFile(new File(srcDir, "main.java").getPath(), transpiledSrc);
        translationCache.put(id, cached = new Object[] {srcDir, libraries});
      }
    }

    File ioBaseDir = TempDirMaker_make();

    /*Class<?> mainClass = programCache.get("" + parseSnippetID(snippetID));
    if (mainClass != null)
      return runCached(ioBaseDir, input, args);*/
    // Doesn't work yet because virtualized directories are hardcoded in translator...

    if (cached == null) {
      System.err.println("Translating translator #" + id);
      if (translating.contains(id))
        throw new RuntimeException("Recursive translator reference chain: " + structure(translating));
      translating.add(id);
      try {
        srcDir = defaultTranslate(srcDir, libraries);
      } finally {
        translating.remove(id);
      }
      System.err.println("Translated translator #" + id);
      translationCache.put(id, new Object[]{srcDir, libraries});
    }

    boolean runInProcess = false;

    if (virtualizeTranslators) {
      if (verbose) System.out.println("Virtualizing translator");

      // TODO: don't virtualize class _javax (as included in, say, #636)

      //srcDir = applyTranslator(srcDir, "#2000351"); // I/O-virtualize the translator
      // that doesn't work because it recurses infinitely...

      // So we do it right here:
      String s = loadTextFile(new File(srcDir, "main.java").getPath(), null);
      s = s.replaceAll("new\\s+File\\(", "virtual.newFile(");
      s = s.replaceAll("new\\s+FileInputStream\\(", "virtual.newFileInputStream(");
      s = s.replaceAll("new\\s+FileOutputStream\\(", "virtual.newFileOutputStream(");
      s += "\n\n" + loadSnippet("#2000355"); // load class virtual

      // forward snippet cache (virtualized one)
      File dir = virtCache != null ? virtCache : DiskSnippetCache_dir;
      s = s.replace("static File DiskSnippetCache_dir" + ";",
        "static File DiskSnippetCache_dir " + "= new File(" + javaQuote(dir.getAbsolutePath()) + ");"); // extra + is necessary for Dumb TinyBrain :)
      s = s.replace("static boolean preferCached = false;", "static boolean preferCached = true;");

      if (verbose) {
        System.out.println("==BEGIN VIRTUALIZED TRANSLATOR==");
        System.out.println(s);
        System.out.println("==END VIRTUALIZED TRANSLATOR==");
      }
      srcDir = TempDirMaker_make();
      saveTextFile(new File(srcDir, "main.java").getPath(), s);

      // TODO: silence translator also
      runInProcess = true;
    }

    return runJavaX(ioBaseDir, srcDir, input, silent, runInProcess, libraries,
      args, cacheTranslators ? "" + id : null, "" + id);
  }

  static void checkProgramSafety(String snippetID) throws IOException {
    if (!safeOnly) return;
    checkProgramSafetyImpl(snippetID);
  }

  static void checkProgramSafetyImpl(String snippetID) throws IOException {
    URL url = new URL("http://tinybrain.de:8080/tb-int/is-javax-safe.php?id=" + parseSnippetID(snippetID));
    String text = loadPage(url);
    if (!text.startsWith("{\"safe\":\"1\"}"))
      throw new RuntimeException("Program not safe: #" + parseSnippetID(snippetID));
  }

  static void loadLibrary(String snippetID, List<File> libraries_out, File libraryFile) throws IOException {
    if (verbose)
      System.out.println("Assuming " + snippetID + " is a library.");

    if (libraryFile == null) {
      byte[] data = loadDataSnippetImpl(snippetID);
      DiskSnippetCache_putLibrary(parseSnippetID(snippetID), data);
      libraryFile = DiskSnippetCache_getLibrary(parseSnippetID(snippetID));
    }

    if (!libraries_out.contains(libraryFile))
      libraries_out.add(libraryFile);
  }

  /** returns output dir */
  private static File runJavaX(File ioBaseDir, File originalSrcDir, File originalInput,
                               boolean silent, boolean runInProcess,
                               List<File> libraries, String[] args, String cacheAs,
                               String programID) throws Exception {
    File srcDir = new File(ioBaseDir, "src");
    File inputDir = new File(ioBaseDir, "input");
    File outputDir = new File(ioBaseDir, "output");
    copyInput(originalSrcDir, srcDir);
    copyInput(originalInput, inputDir);
    javax2(srcDir, ioBaseDir, silent, runInProcess, libraries, args, cacheAs, programID, null);
    return outputDir;
  }

  private static void copyInput(File src, File dst) throws IOException {
    copyDirectory(src, dst);
  }

  public static boolean hasFile(File inputDir, String name) {
    return new File(inputDir, name).exists();
  }

  public static void copyDirectory(File src, File dst) throws IOException {
    if (verbose) System.out.println("Copying " + src.getAbsolutePath() + " to " + dst.getAbsolutePath());
    dst.mkdirs();
    File[] files = src.listFiles();
    if (files == null) return;
    for (File file : files) {
      File dst1 = new File(dst, file.getName());
      if (file.isDirectory())
        copyDirectory(file, dst1);
      else {
        if (verbose) System.out.println("Copying " + file.getAbsolutePath() + " to " + dst1.getAbsolutePath());
        copy(file, dst1);
      }
    }
  }

  /** Quickly copy a file without a progress bar or any other fancy GUI... :) */
  public static void copy(File src, File dest) throws IOException {
    FileInputStream inputStream = newFileInputStream(src);
    FileOutputStream outputStream = newFileOutputStream(dest);
    try {
      copy(inputStream, outputStream);
      inputStream.close();
    } finally {
      outputStream.close();
    }
  }

  private static FileInputStream newFileInputStream(File f) throws FileNotFoundException {
    /*if (androidContext != null)
      return (FileInputStream) call(androidContext,
        "openFileInput", f.getPath());
    else*/
    return new // line break for Dumb TinyBrain :)
    FileInputStream(f);
  }

  private static FileOutputStream newFileOutputStream(File f) throws FileNotFoundException {
    /*if (androidContext != null)
      return (FileOutputStream) call(androidContext,
        "openFileOutput", f.getPath(), 0);
    else*/
    return new // line break for Dumb TinyBrain :)
    FileOutputStream(f);
  }

  public static void copy(InputStream in, OutputStream out) throws IOException {
    byte[] buf = new byte[65536];
    while (true) {
      int n = in.read(buf);
      if (n <= 0) return;
      out.write(buf, 0, n);
    }
  }

  /** writes safely (to temp file, then rename) */
  public static void saveTextFile(String fileName, String contents) throws IOException {
    File file = new File(fileName);
    File parentFile = file.getParentFile();
    if (parentFile != null)
      parentFile.mkdirs();
    String tempFileName = fileName + "_temp";
    FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = newFileOutputStream(new File(tempFileName));
    OutputStreamWriter outputStreamWriter = new OutputStreamWriter(fileOutputStream, charsetForTextFiles);
    PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(outputStreamWriter);
    printWriter.print(contents);
    printWriter.close();
    if (file.exists() && !file.delete())
      throw new IOException("Can't delete " + fileName);

    if (!new File(tempFileName).renameTo(file))
      throw new IOException("Can't rename " + tempFileName + " to " + fileName);
  }

  /** writes safely (to temp file, then rename) */
  public static void saveBinaryFile(String fileName, byte[] contents) throws IOException {
    File file = new File(fileName);
    File parentFile = file.getParentFile();
    if (parentFile != null)
      parentFile.mkdirs();
    String tempFileName = fileName + "_temp";
    FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = newFileOutputStream(new File(tempFileName));
    fileOutputStream.write(contents);
    fileOutputStream.close();
    if (file.exists() && !file.delete())
      throw new IOException("Can't delete " + fileName);

    if (!new File(tempFileName).renameTo(file))
      throw new IOException("Can't rename " + tempFileName + " to " + fileName);
  }

  !include #1001049 // loadTextFile
  
  static File DiskSnippetCache_dir;

  public static void initDiskSnippetCache(File dir) {
    DiskSnippetCache_dir = dir;
    dir.mkdirs();
  }

  // Data files are immutable, use centralized cache
  public static synchronized File DiskSnippetCache_getLibrary(long snippetID) throws IOException {
    File file = new File(getGlobalCache(), "data_" + snippetID + ".jar");
    if (verbose)
      System.out.println("Checking data cache: " + file.getPath());
    return file.exists() ? file : null;
  }

  public static synchronized String DiskSnippetCache_get(long snippetID) throws IOException {
    return loadTextFile(DiskSnippetCache_getFile(snippetID).getPath(), null);
  }

  private static File DiskSnippetCache_getFile(long snippetID) {
    return new File(DiskSnippetCache_dir, "" + snippetID);
  }

  public static synchronized void DiskSnippetCache_put(long snippetID, String snippet) throws IOException {
    saveTextFile(DiskSnippetCache_getFile(snippetID).getPath(), snippet);
  }

  public static synchronized void DiskSnippetCache_putLibrary(long snippetID, byte[] data) throws IOException {
    saveBinaryFile(new File(getGlobalCache(), "data_" + snippetID).getPath() + ".jar", data);
  }

  public static File DiskSnippetCache_getDir() {
    return DiskSnippetCache_dir;
  }

  public static void initSnippetCache() {
    if (DiskSnippetCache_dir == null)
      initDiskSnippetCache(getGlobalCache());
  }

  private static File getGlobalCache() {
    File file = new File(userHome(), ".tinybrain/snippet-cache");
    file.mkdirs();
    return file;
  }

  public static String loadSnippetVerified(String snippetID, String hash) throws IOException {
    String text = loadSnippet(snippetID);
    String realHash = getHash(text.getBytes("UTF-8"));
    if (!realHash.equals(hash)) {
      String msg;
      if (hash.isEmpty())
        msg = "Here's your hash for " + snippetID + ", please put in your program: " + realHash;
      else
        msg = "Hash mismatch for " + snippetID + ": " + realHash + " (new) vs " + hash + " - has tinybrain.de been hacked??";
      throw new RuntimeException(msg);
    }
    return text;
  }

  public static String getHash(byte[] data) {
    return bytesToHex(getFullFingerprint(data));
  }

  public static byte[] getFullFingerprint(byte[] data) {
    try {
      return MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5").digest(data);
    } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
      throw new RuntimeException(e);
    }
  }

  public static String bytesToHex(byte[] bytes) {
    return bytesToHex(bytes, 0, bytes.length);
  }

  public static String bytesToHex(byte[] bytes, int ofs, int len) {
    StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder(len*2);
    for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
      String s = "0" + Integer.toHexString(bytes[ofs+i]);
      stringBuilder.append(s.substring(s.length()-2, s.length()));
    }
    return stringBuilder.toString();
  }

  public static String loadSnippet(String snippetID) throws IOException {
    return loadSnippet(parseSnippetID(snippetID));
  }

  public static long parseSnippetID(String snippetID) {
    return Long.parseLong(shortenSnippetID(snippetID));
  }

  private static String shortenSnippetID(String snippetID) {
    if (snippetID.startsWith("#"))
      snippetID = snippetID.substring(1);
    String httpBlaBla = "http://tinybrain.de/";
    if (snippetID.startsWith(httpBlaBla))
      snippetID = snippetID.substring(httpBlaBla.length());
    return snippetID;
  }

  public static boolean isSnippetID(String snippetID) {
    snippetID = shortenSnippetID(snippetID);
    return isInteger(snippetID) && Long.parseLong(snippetID) != 0;
  }

  public static boolean isInteger(String s) {
    return Pattern.matches("\\-?\\d+", s);
  }
  
  static String getTranspilationFromBossBot(long snippetID) {
    return boss(format3("get transpilation for *", snippetID));
  }
  
  // This is DIFFERENT from the std library loadSnippet
  // (this is only for code!)
  public static String loadSnippet(long snippetID) throws IOException {
    String text = getSnippetFromBossBot(snippetID);
    if (text != null) return text;
    
    text = memSnippetCache.get(snippetID);
    if (text != null) {
      if (verbose)
        System.out.println("Getting " + snippetID + " from mem cache");
      return text;
    }
    
    initSnippetCache();
    text = DiskSnippetCache_get(snippetID);
    if (preferCached && text != null) {
      if (verbose)
        System.out.println("Getting " + snippetID + " from disk cache (preferCached)");
      return text;
    }

    String md5 = text != null ? md5(text) : "-";
    if (text != null) {
      String hash = prefetched.get(snippetID);
      if (hash != null) {
        if (md5.equals(hash)) {
          memSnippetCache.put(snippetID, text);
          if (verbose)
            System.out.println("Getting " + snippetID + " from prefetched");
          return text;
        } else
          prefetched.remove(snippetID); // (maybe this is not necessary)
      }
    }

    try {
      /*URL url = new URL("http://tinybrain.de:8080/getraw.php?id=" + snippetID);
      text = loadPage(url);*/
      String theURL = "http://tinybrain.de:8080/getraw.php?id=" + snippetID + "&getmd5=1&utf8=1&usetranspiled=1";
      if (text != null) {
        //System.err.println("MD5: " + md5);
        theURL += "&md5=" + md5;
      }
      URL url = new URL(theURL);
      String page = loadPage(url);

      // parse & drop transpilation flag available line
      int i = page.indexOf('\n');
      boolean hasTranspiled = page.substring(0, i).trim().equals("1");
      if (hasTranspiled)
        hasTranspiledSet.add(snippetID);
      else
        hasTranspiledSet.remove(snippetID);
      page = page.substring(i+1);

      if (page.startsWith("==*#*==")) {
        // same, keep text
        //System.err.println("Snippet unchanged, keeping.");
      } else {
        // drop md5 line
        i = page.indexOf('\n');
        String hash = page.substring(0, i).trim();
        text = page.substring(i+1);

        String myHash = md5(text);
        if (myHash.equals(hash)) {
          //System.err.println("Hash match: " + hash);
        } else
          System.err.println("Hash mismatch");
      }
    } catch (Exception e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
      throw new IOException("Snippet #" + snippetID + " not found or not public");
    }

    memSnippetCache.put(snippetID, text);

    try {
      initSnippetCache();
      DiskSnippetCache_put(snippetID, text);
    } catch (IOException e) {
      System.err.println("Minor warning: Couldn't save snippet to cache ("  + DiskSnippetCache_getDir() + ")");
    }

    return text;
  }

  private static String md5(String text) {
    try {
      return bytesToHex(md5impl(text.getBytes("UTF-8"))); // maybe different than the way PHP does it...
    } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
      throw new RuntimeException(e);
    }
  }

  public static byte[] md5impl(byte[] data) {
    try {
      return MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5").digest(data);
    } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
      throw new RuntimeException(e);
    }
  }

  public static byte[] loadBinaryPage(URLConnection con) throws IOException {
    setHeaders(con);
    return loadBinaryPage_noHeaders(con);
  }

  private static byte[] loadBinaryPage_noHeaders(URLConnection con) throws IOException {
    ByteArrayOutputStream buf = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    InputStream inputStream = con.getInputStream();
    int n = 0;
    while (true) {
      int ch = inputStream.read();
      if (ch < 0)
        break;
      buf.write(ch);
      if (++n % 100000 == 0)
        System.err.println("  " + n + " bytes loaded.");
    }
    inputStream.close();
    return buf.toByteArray();
  }

  private static void setHeaders(URLConnection con) throws IOException {
    String computerID = getComputerID();
    if (computerID != null)
      con.setRequestProperty("X-ComputerID", computerID);
  }

  public static String guessCharset(String contentType) {
    Pattern p = Pattern.compile("text/html;\\s+charset=([^\\s]+)\\s*");
    Matcher m = p.matcher(contentType);
    /* If Content-Type doesn't match this pre-conception, choose default and hope for the best. */
    return m.matches() ? m.group(1) : "ISO-8859-1";
  }

  /** runs a transpiled set of sources */
  public static void javax2(File srcDir, File ioBaseDir, boolean silent, boolean runInProcess,
                            List<File> libraries, String[] args, String cacheAs,
                            String programID, Info info) throws Exception {
    if (android) {
      // TODO: no translator virtualization? huh?
      javax2android(srcDir, args, programID);
    } else {
      File classesDir = TempDirMaker_make();
      String javacOutput = compileJava(srcDir, libraries, classesDir);

      // run

      if (verbose) System.out.println("Running program (" + srcDir.getAbsolutePath()
        + ") on io dir " + ioBaseDir.getAbsolutePath() + (runInProcess ? "[in-process]" : "") + "\n");
      runProgram(javacOutput, classesDir, ioBaseDir, silent, runInProcess, libraries, args, cacheAs, programID, info);
    }
  }

  static Class<?> loadx2android(File srcDir, String programID) throws Exception {
    // TODO: optimize if it's a loaded snippet anyway
    URL url = new URL("http://tinybrain.de:8080/dexcompile.php");
    URLConnection conn = url.openConnection();
    String postData = "src=" + URLEncoder.encode(loadTextFile(new File(srcDir, "main.java").getPath(), null), "UTF-8");
    byte[] dexData = doPostBinary(postData, conn);
    if (!isDex(dexData))
      throw new RuntimeException("Dex generation error: " + dexData.length + " bytes - " + new String(dexData, "UTF-8"));
    System.out.println("Dex loaded: " + dexData.length + "b");

    File dexDir = TempDirMaker_make();
    File dexFile = new File(dexDir, System.currentTimeMillis() + ".dex");
    File dexOutputDir = TempDirMaker_make();

    System.out.println("Saving dex to: " + dexDir.getAbsolutePath());
    try {
      saveBinaryFile(dexFile.getPath(), dexData);
    } catch (Throwable e) {
      System.out.println("Whoa!");
      throw new RuntimeException(e);
    }

    System.out.println("Getting parent class loader.");
    ClassLoader parentClassLoader =
      //ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader(); // does not find support jar
      //getClass().getClassLoader(); // Let's try this...
      x30.class.getClassLoader().getParent(); // XXX !

    //System.out.println("Making DexClassLoader.");
    //DexClassLoader classLoader = new DexClassLoader(dexFile.getAbsolutePath(), dexOutputDir.getAbsolutePath(), null,
    //  parentClassLoader);
    Class dcl = Class.forName("dalvik.system.DexClassLoader");
    Object classLoader = dcl.getConstructors()[0].newInstance(dexFile.getAbsolutePath(), dexOutputDir.getAbsolutePath(), null,
      parentClassLoader);

    //System.out.println("Loading main class.");
    //Class<?> theClass = classLoader.loadClass(mainClassName);
    Class<?> theClass = (Class<?>) call(classLoader, "loadClass", "main");

    //System.out.println("Main class loaded.");
    try {
      set(theClass, "androidContext", androidContext);
    } catch (Throwable e) {}

    setVars(theClass, programID);
    
    addInstance(programID, theClass);
    
    return theClass;
  }
  
  static void addInstance(S programID, Class mainClass) {
    programID = "" + parseSnippetID(programID);
    instances.put(programID, new WeakReference<Class>(mainClass));
  }
  
  static Class getInstance(S programID) {
    programID = "" + parseSnippetID(programID);
    L<WeakReference<Class>> l = instances.get(programID);
    for (WeakReference<Class> c : l) {
      Class theClass = c.get();
      // TODO: shorten the list
      if (theClass != null)
        return theClass;
    }
    return null;
  }
  
  static MultiMap<String, WeakReference<Class>> instances = new MultiMap<String, WeakReference<Class>>();
  
  !include #1001296 // MultiMap

  static void javax2android(File srcDir, String[] args, String programID) throws Exception {
    Class<?> theClass = loadx2android(srcDir, programID);

    Method main = null;
    try {
      main = call_findStaticMethod(theClass, "main", new Object[]{androidContext}, false);
    } catch (RuntimeException e) {
    }

    //System.out.println("main method for " + androidContext + " of " + theClass + ": " + main);

    if (main != null) {
      // old style main program that returns a View
      // TODO: maybe allow programs without main method, although it doesn't seem to make sense here really (Android main program)
      System.out.println("Calling main (old-style)");
      Object view = main.invoke(null, androidContext);
      System.out.println("Calling setContentView with " + view);
      call(Class.forName("main"), "setContentViewInUIThread", view);
      //call(androidContext, "setContentView", view);
      System.out.println("Done.");
    } else {
      System.out.println("New-style main method running.\n\n====\n");
      runMainMethod(args, theClass);
    }
  }

  static byte[] DEX_FILE_MAGIC = { 0x64, 0x65, 0x78, 0x0a, 0x30, 0x33, 0x35, 0x00 };

  static boolean isDex(byte[] dexData) {
    if (dexData.length < DEX_FILE_MAGIC.length) return false;
    for (int i = 0; i < DEX_FILE_MAGIC.length; i++)
      if (dexData[i] != DEX_FILE_MAGIC[i])
        return false;
    return true;
  }

  static byte[] doPostBinary(String urlParameters, URLConnection conn) throws IOException {
    // connect and do POST
    setHeaders(conn);
    conn.setDoOutput(true);

    OutputStreamWriter writer = new OutputStreamWriter(conn.getOutputStream());
    writer.write(urlParameters);
    writer.flush();

    byte[] contents = loadBinaryPage_noHeaders(conn);
    writer.close();
    return contents;
  }

  static String compileJava(File srcDir, List<File> libraries, File classesDir) throws IOException {
    javaCompilerOutput = null;
    ++compilations;

    // collect sources

    List<File> sources = new ArrayList<File>();
    if (verbose) System.out.println("Scanning for sources in " + srcDir.getPath());
    scanForSources(srcDir, sources, true);
    if (sources.isEmpty())
      throw new IOException("No sources found");

    // compile

    File optionsFile = File.createTempFile("javax", "");
    if (verbose) System.out.println("Compiling " + sources.size() + " source(s) to " + classesDir.getPath());
    if (verbose) System.out.println("Libraries: " + libraries);
    String options = "-d " + bashQuote(classesDir.getPath());
    writeOptions(sources, libraries, optionsFile, options);
    classesDir.mkdirs();
    return invokeJavaCompiler(optionsFile);
  }

  private static void runProgram(String javacOutput, File classesDir, File ioBaseDir,
                                 boolean silent, boolean runInProcess,
                                 List<File> libraries, String[] args, String cacheAs,
                                 String programID, Info info) throws Exception {
    // print javac output if compile failed and it hasn't been printed yet
    if (info != null) {
      info.programID = programID;
      info.programArgs = args;
    }
    boolean didNotCompile = !didCompile(classesDir);
    if (verbose || didNotCompile)
      System.out.println(javacOutput);
    if (didNotCompile)
      return;

    if (runInProcess
      || (ioBaseDir.getAbsolutePath().equals(new File(".").getAbsolutePath()) && !silent)) {
      runProgramQuick(classesDir, libraries, args, cacheAs, programID, info, ioBaseDir);
      return;
    }

    boolean echoOK = false;
    // TODO: add libraries to class path
    String bashCmd = "(cd " + bashQuote(ioBaseDir.getAbsolutePath()) + " && (java -cp "
      + bashQuote(classesDir.getAbsolutePath()) + " main" + (echoOK ? "; echo ok" : "") + "))";
    if (verbose) System.out.println(bashCmd);
    String output = backtick(bashCmd);
    lastOutput = output;
    if (verbose || !silent)
      System.out.println(output);
  }

  static boolean didCompile(File classesDir) {
    return hasFile(classesDir, "main.class");
  }

  private static void runProgramQuick(File classesDir, List<File> libraries,
                                      String[] args, String cacheAs,
                                      String programID, Info info,
                                      File ioBaseDir) throws Exception {
    // make class loader
    JavaXClassLoader classLoader = new JavaXClassLoader(concatLists(ll(classesDir), libraries));

    // load JavaX main class
    Class<?> mainClass = classLoader.loadClass("main");
    
    if (info != null) {
      info.mainClass = mainClass;
      if (info.transpiledSrc != null)
        registerSourceCode(mainClass, loadTextFile(new File(info.transpiledSrc, "main.java")));
    }
      
    if (cacheAs != null)
      programCache.put(cacheAs, mainClass);
      
    // record injection
    final PaA paa = new PaA(programID, args);
    paa.injectionID = randomID(8);
    paa.mainClass = mainClass;
    addInjection(paa);

    // change baseDir
    try {
      //print("Changing base dir to " + ioBaseDir.getAbsolutePath());
      Class virtual = mainClass.getClassLoader().loadClass("virtual");
      set(virtual, "virtual_baseDir", ioBaseDir.getAbsolutePath());
    } catch (Throwable e) { /* whatever */ }

    setVars(mainClass, programID);
    addInstance(programID, mainClass);
    try {
      runMainMethod(args, mainClass);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      paa.exception = e;
      throw e;
    } finally {
      paa.mainDone = true;
    }
  }

  static void setVars(Class<?> theClass, String programID) {
    try {
      set(theClass, "programID", programID);
    } catch (Throwable e) {}

    try {
      set(theClass, "__javax", x30.class);
    } catch (Throwable e) {}
  }


  static void runMainMethod(String[] args, Class<?> mainClass) throws NoSuchMethodException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {
    callMain(mainClass, args);
  }

  static String invokeJavaCompiler(File optionsFile) throws IOException {
    String output;
    if (hasEcj() && !javacOnly)
      output = invokeEcj(optionsFile);
    else
      output = invokeJavac(optionsFile);
    if (verbose) System.out.println(output);
    return output;
  }

  private static boolean hasEcj() {
    try {
      Class.forName("org.eclipse.jdt.internal.compiler.batch.Main");
      return true;
    } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
      return false;
    }
  }

  // TODO: fix UTF-8 here too
  private static String invokeJavac(File optionsFile) throws IOException {
    String output;
    output = backtick("javac " + bashQuote("@" + optionsFile.getPath()));
    javaCompilerOutput = output;
    if (exitValue != 0) {
      System.out.println(output);
      throw new RuntimeException("javac returned errors.");
    }
    return output;
  }

  // throws ClassNotFoundException if ecj is not in classpath
  static String invokeEcj(File optionsFile) {
    try {
      StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
      PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(writer);

      // add more eclipse options in the line below

      String[] args = {
        "-source", javaTarget,
        "-target", javaTarget,
        "-nowarn",
        "-encoding", "UTF-8",
        "@" + optionsFile.getPath()
      };
      
      if (verbose)
        print("ECJ options: " + structure(args));

      Class ecjClass = Class.forName("org.eclipse.jdt.internal.compiler.batch.Main");
      Object main = newInstance(ecjClass, printWriter, printWriter, false);
      call(main, "compile", new Object[]{args});
      int errors = (Integer) get(main, "globalErrorsCount");

      String output = writer.toString();
      javaCompilerOutput = output;
      if (errors != 0) {
        System.out.println(output);
        throw new RuntimeException("Java compiler returned errors.");
      }
      return output;
    } catch (Exception e) {
      throw e instanceof RuntimeException ? (RuntimeException) e : new RuntimeException(e);
    }
  }

  static Object newInstance(Class c, Object... args) { try {
    Constructor m = findConstructor(c, args);
    m.setAccessible(true);
    return m.newInstance(args);
  } catch (Throwable __e) { throw __e instanceof RuntimeException ? (RuntimeException) __e : new RuntimeException(__e); }}

  static Constructor findConstructor(Class c, Object... args) {
    for (Constructor m : c.getDeclaredConstructors()) {
      if (!checkArgs(m.getParameterTypes(), args, verbose))
        continue;
      return m;
    }
    throw new RuntimeException("Constructor with " + args.length + " matching parameter(s) not found in " + c.getName());
  }

  static boolean checkArgs(Class[] types, Object[] args, boolean debug) {
    if (types.length != args.length) {
      if (debug)
        System.out.println("Bad parameter length: " + args.length + " vs " + types.length);
      return false;
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < types.length; i++)
      if (!(args[i] == null || isInstanceX(types[i], args[i]))) {
        if (debug)
          System.out.println("Bad parameter " + i + ": " + args[i] + " vs " + types[i]);
        return false;
      }
    return true;
  }

  private static void writeOptions(List<File> sources, List<File> libraries,
                                   File optionsFile, String moreOptions) throws IOException {
    FileWriter writer = new FileWriter(optionsFile);
    for (File source : sources)
      writer.write(bashQuote(source.getPath()) + " ");
    if (!libraries.isEmpty()) {
      List<String> cp = new ArrayList<String>();
      for (File lib : libraries)
        cp.add(lib.getAbsolutePath());
      writer.write("-cp " + bashQuote(join(File.pathSeparator, cp)) + " ");
    }
    writer.write(moreOptions);
    writer.close();
  }

  static void scanForSources(File source, List<File> sources, boolean topLevel) {
    if (source.isFile() && source.getName().endsWith(".java"))
      sources.add(source);
    else if (source.isDirectory() && !isSkippedDirectoryName(source.getName(), topLevel)) {
      File[] files = source.listFiles();
      for (File file : files)
        scanForSources(file, sources, false);
    }
  }

  private static boolean isSkippedDirectoryName(String name, boolean topLevel) {
    if (topLevel) return false; // input or output ok as highest directory (intentionally specified by user, not just found by a directory scan in which case we probably don't want it. it's more like heuristics actually.)
    return name.equalsIgnoreCase("input") || name.equalsIgnoreCase("output");
  }

  public final static String charsetForTextFiles = "UTF8";

  static long TempDirMaker_lastValue;

  public static File TempDirMaker_make() {
    File dir = new File(userHome(), ".javax/" + TempDirMaker_newValue());
    dir.mkdirs();
    return dir;
  }

  private static long TempDirMaker_newValue() {
    long value;
    do
      value = System.currentTimeMillis();
    while (value == TempDirMaker_lastValue);
    TempDirMaker_lastValue = value;
    return value;
  }

  !include #1000810 // join
  
  public static boolean isWindows() {
    return System.getProperty("os.name").contains("Windows");
  }

  public static String makeRandomID(int length) {
    Random random = new Random();
    char[] id = new char[length];
    for (int i = 0; i< id.length; i++)
      id[i] = (char) ((int) 'a' + random.nextInt(26));
    return new String(id);
  }

  static String computerID;
  public static String getComputerID() throws IOException {
    if (noID) return null;
    if (computerID == null) {
      File file = new File(userHome(), ".tinybrain/computer-id");
      computerID = loadTextFile(file.getPath(), null);
      if (computerID == null) {
        computerID = makeRandomID(12);
        saveTextFile(file.getPath(), computerID);
      }
      if (verbose)
        System.out.println("Local computer ID: " + computerID);
    }
    return computerID;
  }

  static void cleanCache() {
    cleanJavaXCache(tempFileRetentionTime, verbose);
  }

  static void showSystemProperties() {
    System.out.println("System properties:\n");
    for (Map.Entry<Object, Object> entry : System.getProperties().entrySet()) {
      System.out.println("  " + entry.getKey() + " = " + entry.getValue());
    }
    System.out.println();
  }

  static void showVersion() {
    //showSystemProperties();
    boolean eclipseFound = hasEcj();
    //String platform = System.getProperty("java.vendor") + " " + System.getProperty("java.runtime.name") + " " + System.getProperty("java.version");
    String platform = System.getProperty("java.vm.name") + " " + System.getProperty("java.version");
    String os = System.getProperty("os.name"), arch = System.getProperty("os.arch");
    System.out.println("This is " + version + ".");
    System.out.println("[Details: " +
      (eclipseFound ? "Eclipse compiler (good)" : "javac (not so good)")
      + ", " + platform + ", " + arch + ", " + os + "]");
  }

  static boolean isAndroid() {
    return System.getProperty("java.vendor").toLowerCase().indexOf("android") >= 0;
  }
  
  !include #1000415 // set function

  static String smartJoin(String[] args) {
    String[] a2 = new String[args.length];
    for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
      a2[i] = Pattern.compile("\\w+").matcher(args[i]).matches() ? args[i] : quote(args[i]);
    }
    return join(" ", a2);
  }
  
  static void logStart(String[] args) throws IOException {
    String line = smartJoin(args);
    appendToLog(new File(userHome(), ".javax/log.txt").getPath(), line);
  }
  
  static String quote(String s) {
    if (s == null) return "null";
    return "\"" + s.replace("\\", "\\\\").replace("\"", "\\\"").replace("\r", "\\r").replace("\n", "\\n") + "\"";
  }
  
  static void appendToLog(String path, String line) throws IOException {
    appendToFile(path, "\n" + line + "\n");
  }
  
  static void appendToFile(String path, String s) throws IOException {
    new File(path).getParentFile().mkdirs();
    Writer writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(
      new FileOutputStream(path, true), "UTF-8"));
    writer.write(s);
    writer.close();
  }

  !include #1000943

  static PrintStream oldOut, oldErr;
  static Thread reader, reader2;
  static boolean quit; // always false now
  static PipedInputStream pin=new PipedInputStream(systemOutPipeSize);
  static PipedInputStream pin2=new PipedInputStream(systemErrPipeSize);
  static PipedInputStream pin3=new PipedInputStream(systemInPipeSize);
  static PipedOutputStream pout3;

  static class Console /*extends WindowAdapter implements WindowListener,*/ implements ActionListener {
    JFrame frame;
    JTextArea textArea;
    JTextField tfInput;
    StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
    JButton buttonclear, buttonkill, buttonrestart, buttonduplicate, buttonstacktrace, buttonpause, buttonhide;
    String[] args;
    volatile boolean autoScroll = true;
    JScrollPane scrollPane;
    S title;

    final DelayedUpdate du = new DelayedUpdate(new Runnable() {
      public void run() { try {

        synchronized(buf) {
          int max = maxConsoleChars;
          if (buf.length() > max) {
            try {
              int newLength = max/2;
              int ofs = buf.length()-newLength;
              S newString = buf.substring(ofs);
              buf.setLength(0);
              buf.append("[...] ").append(newString);
            } catch (Exception e) {
              buf.setLength(0);
            }
            textArea.setText("");
          }
        }
        
        textArea.append(buf.substring(textArea.getText().length()));
        
        if (autoScroll)
          scrollToBottom();

      } catch (Exception __e) { throw __e instanceof RuntimeException ? (RuntimeException) __e : new RuntimeException(__e); }}});

    public Console(final String[] args) ctex {
      this.args = args;
      // create all components and add them
      frame=new JFrame(args.length == 0 ? "JavaX Starter Output" : "JavaX Output - " + join(" ", args));

		/*Dimension screenSize=Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize();
		Dimension frameSize=new Dimension((int)(screenSize.width/2),(int)(screenSize.height/2));
		int x=(int)(frameSize.width/2);
		int y=(int)(frameSize.height/2);
		frame.setBounds(x,y,frameSize.width,frameSize.height);*/

      // put in right-bottom corner
      Rectangle r = GraphicsEnvironment.getLocalGraphicsEnvironment().getMaximumWindowBounds();
      int w = 550, h = 200;
      frame.setBounds(r.x+r.width-w, r.y+r.height-h, w, h);

      textArea=new JTextArea();
      textArea.setEditable(false);
      buttonclear = new JButton("clear");
      buttonkill = new JButton("kill");
      buttonrestart = new JButton("restart");
      buttonduplicate = new JButton("duplicate");
      buttonstacktrace = new JButton("status");
      buttonstacktrace.setToolTipText("Show threads & stack traces.");

      buttonpause = new JButton("pause");
      buttonhide = new JButton("hide");
      JPanel buttons = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 7));
      buttons.add(buttonclear);
      buttons.add(buttonkill);
      buttons.add(buttonrestart);
      buttons.add(buttonduplicate);
      buttons.add(buttonstacktrace);
      buttons.add(buttonpause);
      buttons.add(buttonhide);

      pout3=new PipedOutputStream(pin3);
      tfInput = new JTextField();
      tfInput.addActionListener(actionListener {
        S line = tfInput.getText();
        try {
          pout3.write((line + "\n").getBytes("UTF-8"));
          pout3.flush();
        } catch (Exception e) {}
        //tfInput.setText("");
        tfInput.selectAll();
      });
      addHistoryToTextField(tfInput);
      
      JPanel panel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
      panel.add(scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea), BorderLayout.CENTER);
      panel.add(tfInput, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
      
      frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.DO_NOTHING_ON_CLOSE);
      frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
        public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
          tfInput.requestFocus();
        }
        
        public synchronized void windowClosing(WindowEvent evt) {
          if (JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(frame,
            "Close " + (empty(title) ? "JavaX Application" : title) + "?", "JavaX", JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION) == JOptionPane.YES_OPTION)
            System.exit(0);
        }
      });
      
      frame.getContentPane().setLayout(new BorderLayout());
      frame.getContentPane().add(panel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
      frame.getContentPane().add(buttons, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
      frame.setVisible(true);
      setFrameIconLater(frame, "#1004249");
      
      //frame.addWindowListener(this); // disabled for now
      buttonclear.addActionListener(this);
      buttonkill.addActionListener(this);
      buttonrestart.addActionListener(this);
      buttonduplicate.addActionListener(this);
      buttonstacktrace.addActionListener(this);
      buttonpause.addActionListener(this);
      buttonhide.addActionListener(this);

      quit=false; // signals the Threads that they should exit
      
      if (args.length != 0) {
        print("Starting title updater");
        new Thread("Console Title Updater :)") {
          public void run() {
            if (args.length != 0) {
              int i = 0;
              while (i < args.length && !isSnippetID(args[i])) ++i;
              print("Getting title for " + args[i]);
              title = getSnippetTitle(args[i]);
              print("Title: " + title);
              if (title != null && title.length() != 0)
                frame.setTitle(title + " [Output]");
            }
          }
        }.start();
      }
      
      System.setIn(pin3);
      
    }
    
    void scrollToBottom() {
      JScrollBar vertical = scrollPane.getVerticalScrollBar();
      vertical.setValue(vertical.getMaximum());
    }

    /*public synchronized void windowClosed(WindowEvent evt)
    {
      console = null;
      //quit=true;
      //this.notifyAll(); // stop all threads
      //try { reader.join(1000);pin.close();   } catch (Exception e){}
      //try { reader2.join(1000);pin2.close(); } catch (Exception e){}
      //System.exit(0);
    }*/

    /*public synchronized void windowClosing(WindowEvent evt)
    {
      frame.setVisible(false); // default behaviour of JFrame
      frame.dispose();
    }*/

    public synchronized void actionPerformed(ActionEvent evt) {
      if (evt.getSource() == buttonkill) {
        print("Console: Kill button pressed!");
        // TODO: give threads time to finish, e.g. reportToChat?
        System.exit(0);
      } else if (evt.getSource() == buttonrestart) {
        print("Console: Restart button pressed.");
        nohupJavax(smartJoin(args));
        System.exit(0);
      } else if (evt.getSource() == buttonduplicate) {
        print("Console: Duplicate button pressed.");
        nohupJavax(smartJoin(args));
      } else if (evt.getSource() == buttonstacktrace) {
        listUserThreadsWithStackTraces();
      } else if (evt.getSource() == buttonpause) {
        O mainClass = getMainMainClass();
        if (mainClass != null) {
          if (eq(buttonpause.getText(), "pause")) {
            buttonpause.setText("resume");
            setOpt(mainClass, "ping_pauseAll", true);
          } else {
            buttonpause.setText("pause");
            setOpt(mainClass, "ping_pauseAll", false);
          }
        }
      } else if (evt.getSource() == buttonhide) {
        hideConsole();
      } else {
        textArea.setText("");
        buf = new StringBuffer();
      }
    }
    
    void showConsole() {
      frame.setVisible(true);
    }

    void hideConsole() {
      autoVMExit();
      frame.setVisible(false);
    }
    
    public void appendText(String s, boolean outNotErr) {
      //if (verbose) oldOut.println("Console appendText " + outNotErr + " " + quote(s));
      synchronized(buf) {
        buf.append(s);
      }
      du.trigger();
    }
  } // Console

	static void tryToOpenConsole(String[] args) {
	  try {
	    console = new Console(args);
	  } catch (HeadlessException e) {
	    // ok, we're headless.
	  } catch (Throwable e) {
	    // some other error in console - continue without it
	    e.printStackTrace();
	  }
	}

  //// END CONSOLE STUFF

  static long now_virtualTime;
  static long now() {
    return now_virtualTime != 0 ? now_virtualTime : System.currentTimeMillis();
  }

  static void print(Object o) {
    System.out.println(o);
  }

  public synchronized void run()
  {
    try
    {
      while (Thread.currentThread()==reader)
      {
        try { this.wait(100);}catch(InterruptedException ie) {}
        if (pin.available()!=0)
        {
          String input=readLine(pin);
          //if (verbose) oldOut.println("reader: " + quote(input));
          appendText(input, true);
        }
        if (quit) return;
      }

      while (Thread.currentThread()==reader2)
      {
        try { this.wait(100);}catch(InterruptedException ie) {}
        if (pin2.available()!=0)
        {
          String input=readLine(pin2);
          //if (verbose) oldOut.println("reader2: " + quote(input));
          appendText(input, false);
        }
        if (quit) return;
      }
    } catch (Exception e)
    {
      appendText("\nConsole reports an Internal error.", false);
      appendText("The error is: "+e, false);
    }
  }

  static void redirectSystemOutAndErr() {
    if (reader != null) return; // did this already

    x30 _this = new x30();
    
    if (verbose) System.out.println("Redirecting System.out");
    try
    {
      PipedOutputStream pout=new PipedOutputStream(pin);
      oldOut = System.out;
      TeeOutputStream tee = new TeeOutputStream(oldOut, pout);
      System.setOut(new PrintStream(tee,true));
    }
    catch (Exception io)
    {
      System.err.println("Couldn't redirect STDOUT - " + io.getMessage());
    }

    if (verbose) System.out.println("Redirecting System.err");
    try
    {
      PipedOutputStream pout2=new PipedOutputStream(pin2);
      oldErr = System.err;
      TeeOutputStream tee = new TeeOutputStream(oldErr, pout2);
      System.setErr(new PrintStream(tee,true));
    }
    catch (Exception io)
    {
      System.err.println("Couldn't redirect STDERR - " + io.getMessage());
    }

    if (verbose) System.out.println("Redirects done. Starting readers");
    
    // Starting two seperate threads to read from the PipedInputStreams
    //
    reader=new Thread(_this, "StdOut Piper");
    reader.setDaemon(true);
    reader.start();
    //
    reader2 = new Thread(_this, "StdErr Piper");
    reader2.setDaemon(true);
    reader2.start();
  }

  static Appendable customSystemOut;
  static new StringBuffer outBuf; // We now log it all.
  
  static new ArrayDeque<S> systemInBuf;

  static void appendText(String s, boolean outNotErr) {
    // We do this with a TeeOutputStream now (safer).
    // (outNotErr ? oldOut : oldErr).print(s);
    
    if (console != null)
      console.appendText(s, outNotErr);
    outBuf.append(s);
    if (customSystemOut != null)
      try {
        customSystemOut.append(s);
      } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
      }
  }

  static String readLine(PipedInputStream in) throws IOException
  {
    String input="";
    do
    {
      int available=in.available();
      if (available==0) break;
      byte b[]=new byte[available];
      in.read(b);
      input=input+new String(b,0,b.length);
    }while( !input.endsWith("\n") &&  !input.endsWith("\r\n") && !quit);
    return input;
  }

  static void nohupJavax(String javaxargs) {
    try {
      File xfile = new File(userHome(), ".javax/x30.jar");
      if (!xfile.isFile()) {
        String url = "http://tinybrain.de/x30.jar";
        byte[] data = loadBinaryPage(new URL(url).openConnection());
        if (data.length < 1000000)
          throw new RuntimeException("Could not load " + url);
        saveBinaryFile(xfile.getPath(), data);
      }
      String jarPath = xfile.getPath();
      nohup("java -jar " + (isWindows() ? winQuote(jarPath) : bashQuote(jarPath)) + " " + javaxargs);
    } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); }
  }

  /** possibly improvable */
  public static String winQuote(String text) {
    if (text == null) return null;
    return "\"" + text
      .replace("\\", "\\\\")
      .replace("\"", "\\\"")
      .replace("\n", "\\n")
      .replace("\r", "\\r") + "\"";
  }

  public static File nohup(String cmd) throws IOException {
    File outFile = File.createTempFile("nohup_" + nohup_sanitize(cmd), ".out");
    nohup(cmd, outFile, false);
    return outFile;
  }

  static String nohup_sanitize(String s) {
    return s.replaceAll("[^a-zA-Z0-9\\-_]", "");
  }

  /** outFile takes stdout and stderr. */
  public static void nohup(String cmd, File outFile, boolean append) throws IOException {
    String command = nohup_makeNohupCommand(cmd, outFile, append);

    File scriptFile = File.createTempFile("_realnohup", isWindows() ? ".bat" : "");
    System.out.println("[Nohup] " + command);
    try {
      //System.out.println("[RealNohup] Script file: " + scriptFile.getPath());
      saveTextFile(scriptFile.getPath(), command);
      String[] command2;
      if (isWindows())
        command2 = new String[] {"cmd", "/c", "start", "/b", scriptFile.getPath() };
      else
        command2 = new String[] {"/bin/bash", scriptFile.getPath() };

      Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(command2);
      try {
        process.waitFor();
      } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        throw new RuntimeException(e);
      }
      int value = process.exitValue();
      //System.out.println("exit value: " + value);
    } finally {
      if (!isWindows())
        scriptFile.delete();
    }
  }

  public static String nohup_makeNohupCommand(String cmd, File outFile, boolean append) {
    mkdirsForFile(outFile);

    String command;
    if (isWindows())
      command = cmd + (append ? " >>" : " >") + winQuote(outFile.getPath()) + " 2>&1";
    else
      command = "nohup " + cmd + (append ? " >>" : " >") + bashQuote(outFile.getPath()) + " 2>&1 &";
    return command;
  }

  public static void mkdirsForFile(File file) {
    File dir = file.getParentFile();
    if (dir != null) // is null if file is in current dir
      dir.mkdirs();
  }
 
  static void autoReportToChat() {
    if (customSystemOut == null) {
      print("Auto-reporting to chat.");
      customSystemOut = new Appendable() {
        LineBuf buf = new LineBuf();
        
        // only using this one
        public Appendable append(CharSequence cs) {
          buf.append(cs.toString());
          while (true) {
            String s = buf.nextLine();
            if (s == null) break;
            reportToChat(s, true);
          }
          return this;
        }
    
        public Appendable append(char c) { return this; }
        public Appendable append(CharSequence s, int start, int end) { return this; }
      };
     }
  }
  
  static class Q {
    LinkedBlockingQueue<Runnable> q = new LinkedBlockingQueue<Runnable>();
    
    static class Done extends RuntimeException {}
    
    Q() {}
    
    Q(String name, boolean startThread) {
      if (startThread)
        new Thread(name) {
          public void run() {
            Q.this.run();
          }
        }.start();
    }
    
    Iterable<Runnable> master() {
      return new Iterable<Runnable>() {
        public Iterator<Runnable> iterator() {
          return new Iterator<Runnable>() {
            Runnable x;
            
            public boolean hasNext() { try {
   
              //debug("hasNext");
              while (x == null)
                x = q.poll(1, TimeUnit.DAYS);
              //debug("hasNext true");
              return true;
            
  } catch (Throwable __e) { throw __e instanceof RuntimeException ? (RuntimeException) __e : new RuntimeException(__e); }}
            
            public Runnable next() {
              //debug("next");
              hasNext();
              Runnable _x = x;
              x = null;
              //debug("next " + structure(x));
              return _x;
            }
            
            public void remove() {
            }
          };
        }
      };
    }
    
    void add(Runnable r) {
      q.add(r);
    }
    
    void run() {
      for (Runnable r : master()) {
        try {
          r.run();
        } catch (Done e) {
          return; // break signal
        } catch (Throwable e) {
          e.printStackTrace();
        }
      }
    }
    
    void done() {
      add(new Runnable() {
        public void run() {
          throw new Done();
        }
      });
    }
  } // class Q

static void reportToChat(final String s, boolean silent) {
    if (s == null || s.length() == 0) return;
    if (!silent)
      print("reportToChat: " + quote(s));
    reportToChat_getChatThread().add(new Runnable() {
    public void run() { try {
        startChatServerIfNotUp();
        waitForChatServer();
        chatSend(s);
    } catch (Exception __e) { throw __e instanceof RuntimeException ? (RuntimeException) __e : new RuntimeException(__e); }}});
   }
  
  static Q reportToChat_q;
  
  static Q reportToChat_getChatThread() {
    if (reportToChat_q == null)
      reportToChat_q = new Q("reportToChat", true);
    return reportToChat_q;
  }
  
  static void startChatServerIfNotUp() {
    if (portIsBound(9751)) {
      //print("Chat seems to be up.");
    } else {
      nohupJavax("1000867");
      print("Chat server should be coming up any minute now.");
    }
  }
  
  static void waitForChatServer() {
    if (!portIsBound(9751)) {
      //System.out.print("Waiting for chat server... ");
      do {
        sleep(1000);
      } while (!portIsBound(9751));
      //print("OK.");
    }
  }

  static boolean portIsBound(int port) {
    try {
      ServerSocket s = new ServerSocket(port);
      s.close();
      return false;
    } catch (IOException e) {
      return true;
    }
  }
  
  static class LineBuf {
    StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
    
    void append(String s) {
      buf.append(s);
    }
    
    String nextLine() {
      int i = buf.indexOf("\n");
      if (i >= 0) {
        String s = buf.substring(0, i > 0 && buf.charAt(i-1) == '\r' ? i-1 : i);
        buf.delete(0, i+1);
        return s;
      }
      return null;
    }
  } // LineBuf

  !include #1000937 // chatSend

  static class TeeOutputStream extends OutputStream {
    
    protected OutputStream out, branch;

    public TeeOutputStream( OutputStream out, OutputStream branch ) {
      this.out = out;
      this.branch = branch;
    }

    @Override
    public synchronized void write(byte[] b) throws IOException {
      write(b, 0, b.length);
    }

    @Override
    public synchronized void write(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
      //if (verbose) oldOut.println("Tee write " + new String(b, "UTF-8"));
      out.write(b, off, len);
      this.branch.write(b, off, len);
    }

    @Override
    public synchronized void write(int b) throws IOException {
      write(new byte[] {(byte) b});
    }

    /**
     * Flushes both streams.
     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
     */
    @Override
    public void flush() throws IOException {
      out.flush();
      this.branch.flush();
    }

    /**
     * Closes both streams.
     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
     */
    @Override
    public void close() throws IOException {
      out.close();
      this.branch.close();
    }
  }
  
  static boolean isChatServer(String[] args) {
    for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++)
      if (isSnippetID(args[i]))
        return parseSnippetID(args[i]) == 1000867;
    return false;
  }
  
  static String getSnippetTitle(String id) {
    try {
      return loadPage(new URL("http://tinybrain.de:8080/tb-int/getfield.php?id=" + parseSnippetID(id) + "&field=title"));
    } catch (Throwable __e) { throw __e instanceof RuntimeException ? (RuntimeException) __e : new RuntimeException(__e); }
  }
  
  static void listUserThreadsWithStackTraces() {
    print("");
    Map<Thread, StackTraceElement[]> threadMap = Thread.getAllStackTraces();
    int n = 0;
    for (Thread t : threadMap.keySet()) {
      ThreadGroup g = t.getThreadGroup();
      if (g != null && g.getName().equals("system")) continue;
      ++n;
      print(t);
      for (StackTraceElement e : threadMap.get(t)) {
        print("  " + e);
      }
      print("");
    }
    print(n + " user threads.");
  }
  
  static void killMyself() {
    print("Killing myself. (insert overall feeling here)");
    System.exit(0);
  }
  
  static void makeVMAndroid() {
    Android3 a = new Android3("This is a JavaX VM.");
    a.responder = new Responder() {
      S answer(S s, L<S> history) {
        return x30.answer(s, history);
      }
    };
    a.daemon = true;
    a.console = false;
    a.incomingSilent = true; // to avoid too much printing
    a.useMultiPort = false;
    makeAndroid3(a);
  }
  
  static class Info {
    S programID;
    S[] programArgs;
    File transpiledSrc;
    Class mainClass;
  }
  
  static new Info info; // hmm...
  
  // injectable info
  
  static new L<PaA> injectable_programsInjected;
  static boolean injectable_on = true;
  static class PaA {
    S injectionID;
    S progID;
    S[] arguments;
    Class mainClass; // TODO: release eventually...
    WeakReference<Thread> mainThread;
    volatile boolean mainDone;
    volatile Throwable exception;
    
    *(S *progID, S[] *arguments) {}
    *() {}
  }
  
  static S vmID = makeRandomID(10);
  
  static synchronized void addInjection(PaA paa) {
    injectable_programsInjected.add(paa);
  }
  
  static synchronized void removeInjection(PaA paa) {
    injectable_programsInjected.remove(paa);
  }
  
  static synchronized L<PaA> getInjections() {
    ret cloneList(injectable_programsInjected);
  }
  
  static S answer(S s, L<S> history) ctex {
    new Matches m;
    
    if (match3("kill!", s)) {
      killMyself();
      return "ok";
    }
    if (match3("What is your process ID?", s) || match3("what is your pid?", s))
      return getPID();
    if (match3("get vm id", s))
      return vmID;
    if (match3("what is the javax program id?", s))
      return javaxProgramID;
    if (match3("what is the main program id?", s))
      return info.programID;
    if (match3("what are your program arguments?", s))
      return structure(info.programArgs);
    if (match3("get output", s))
      return quote(outBuf.toString());
    if (match3("get output length", s))
      return "" + outBuf.length();
    if (match3("get output substring from *", s, m))
      return quote(outBuf.substring(parseInt(m.get(0))));
    if (match3("get output substring from * to *", s, m))
      return quote(outBuf.substring(parseInt(m.get(0)), parseInt(m.get(1))));
    if (match3("clear output", s)) {
      synchronized(x30.class) {
        int len = outBuf.length();
        outBuf.setLength(0);
        return "OK, deleted " + len + " chars.";
      }
    }
    if (match3("send line * to system.in", s, m)) {
      S line = m.unq(0);
      synchronized(x30.class) {
        systemInBuf.add(line);
      }
      ret "ok";
    }
    if (match3("get fields of main class", s))
      return structure(listFields(info.mainClass));
    if (match3("get field * of main class", s, m))
      return structure(get(info.mainClass, m.m[0]));
    if (match3("invoke function * of main class", s, m))
      return structure(call(info.mainClass, m.m[0]));
    if (match3("set field * of main class to *", s, m)) {
      set(info.mainClass, m.m[0], unstructure(m.m[1]));
      return "ok";
    }
    if (match3("how much memory are you consuming", s))
      return "Java heap size: " + (Runtime.getRuntime().totalMemory()+1024*1024-1)/1024/1024 + " MB";
    if (match3("how much memory is used after GC?", s)) {
      System.gc();
      return "Java heap used: " + (Runtime.getRuntime().totalMemory()-Runtime.getRuntime().freeMemory()+1024*1024-1)/1024/1024 + " MB";
    }
    if (match3("how much memory is used?", s))
      return "Java heap used: " + (Runtime.getRuntime().totalMemory()-Runtime.getRuntime().freeMemory()+1024*1024-1)/1024/1024 + " MB";
      
    if (match3("please inject program *", s, m) || match3("please inject program * with arguments *", s, m)) {
      synchronized(x30.class) {
        final S progID = formatSnippetID(unquote(m.m[0]));
        final S[] arguments = m.m.length > 1 ? toStringArray(unstructure(unquote(m.m[1]))) : new S[0];
        final PaA paa = new PaA(progID, arguments);
        paa.injectionID = randomID(8);
        addInjection(paa);
    
        // better call JavaX for translation in a single thread.
        paa.mainClass = hotwire(progID);
    
        // program may run in its own thread.
        thread progID {
          paa.mainThread = new WeakReference(currentThread());
          try {
            callMain(paa.mainClass, arguments);
          } catch (Throwable e) {
            paa.exception = e;
            e.printStackTrace();
          } finally {
            paa.mainDone = true;
            synchronized(x30.class) {}
          }
        }
  
        ret format3("OK. Injection ID: *", paa.injectionID);
      }
    }
    
    if (match3("get injection exception *", s, m)) {
      S injectionID = unquote(m.m[0]);
      PaA paa = findInjection(injectionID);
      if (paa == null)
        ret "Sorry. Injection not found";
      ret "OK: " + paa.exception == null ? "no exception" : getStackTrace(paa.exception);
    }
     
    if (match3("get injection * variable *", s, m)) {
      S injectionID = unquote(m.m[0]);
      S var = unquote(m.m[1]);
      PaA paa = findInjection(injectionID);
      if (paa == null)
        ret "Sorry. Injection not found";
      ret "OK: " + structure(getOpt(paa.mainClass, var));
    }
     
    if (match3("get injection result *", s, m)) {
      S injectionID = unquote(m.m[0]);
      PaA paa = findInjection(injectionID);
      if (paa == null)
        ret "Sorry. Injection not found";
      ret "OK: " + structure(getOpt(paa.mainClass, "result"));
    }
     
    if (match3("is injection's * main done", s, m)) {
      S injectionID = unquote(m.m[0]);
      PaA paa = findInjection(injectionID);
      if (paa == null)
        ret "Sorry. Injection not found";
      ret paa.mainDone ? "Yes." : "No.";
    }
    
    if (match3("get injections", s, m)) {
      ret structure(getInjections());
    }
    
    if (match3("remove injection *", s, m)) {
      S injectionID = unquote(m.m[0]);
      PaA paa = findInjection(injectionID);
      if (paa == null)
        ret "Sorry. Injection not found";
      removeInjection(paa);
      ret "OK, removed.";
    }
    
    if (match3("which programs are you running (ids only)", s, m)) {
      synchronized(x30.class) {
        new L<S> l;
        for (S progID : instances.keySet())
          if (getInstance(progID) != null)
            l.add(progID);
        return format3("these: *", structure(l));
      }
    }
    
    if "show console" {
      if (console != null) {
        console.showConsole();
        ret "ok";
      }
      ret "no console";
    }
    
    if "hide console" {
      if (console != null) {
        console.hideConsole();
        ret "ok";
      }
      ret "no console";
    }
     
    L multiPorts = getMultiPorts();
    if (!multiPorts.isEmpty()) {
      O multiPort = multiPorts.get(0);
      S answer = makeResponder(multiPort).answer(s, history);
      if (answer != null) ret answer;
    }
    
    if (match3("list bots", s))
      ret structure(litmap());
    
    return null;
  }
  
  static synchronized PaA findInjection(S injectionID) {
    for (PaA paa : injectable_programsInjected)
      if (eq(paa.injectionID, injectionID))
        ret paa;
    ret null;
  }
  
  !include #1001103 // makeAndroid / makeAndroidNoConsole
  !include #1000891 // setOpt
  !include #1000619 // get
  !include #1001152 // getMainClass
  !include #1001076 // talkTo
  !include #1001235 // toStringArray
  
static byte[] loadDataSnippetImpl(String snippetID) throws IOException {
  byte[] data;
  try {
    URL url = new URL("http://eyeocr.sourceforge.net/filestore/filestore.php?cmd=serve&file=blob_"
      + parseSnippetID(snippetID) + "&contentType=application/binary");
    System.err.println("Loading library: " + url);
    try {
      data = loadBinaryPage(url.openConnection());
    } catch (IOException e) {
      data = null;
    }
    
    if (data == null || data.length == 0) {
      url = new URL("http://data.tinybrain.de/blobs/"
        + parseSnippetID(snippetID));
      System.err.println("Loading library: " + url);
      data = loadBinaryPage(url.openConnection());
    }
    System.err.println("Bytes loaded: " + data.length);
  } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
    throw new IOException("Binary snippet #" + snippetID + " not found or not public");
  }
  return data;
}
  static new AtomicBoolean readLine_used;
  static BufferedReader readLine_reader;
  
  static synchronized S pollSystemInBuf() {
    ret systemInBuf.poll();
  }

  static S readLine() ctex {
    if (!readLine_used.compareAndSet(false, true))
      throw fail("readLine is in use.");
    try {
      while (true) {
        S s = pollSystemInBuf();
        if (s != null) {
          print(s);
          ret s;
        }
        
        if (readLine_reader == null)
          readLine_reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in, "UTF-8")); // XX - is that right?
          
        if (!readLine_reader.ready())
          sleep(100);
        else {
          s = readLine_reader.readLine();
          if (s != null) {
            print(s);
            ret s;
          }
        }
      }
    } finally {
      readLine_used.set(false);
    }
  }
  
  static new HashMap<S, WeakReference> weakrefs;
  // static new WeakIdentityHashMap<O, S> reverseWeakrefs;
  static long weakRefCounter;
  
  // TODO: lookup in reverse map
  static synchronized S weakref(O o) {
    if (o == null) ret "null";
    S id = vmID + "/" + ++weakRefCounter;
    weakrefs.put(id, new WeakReference(o));
    ret id;
  }

  static synchronized O getRef(S id) {
    // TODO: clean up the list some time
    
    WeakReference ref = weakrefs.get(id);
    if (ref == null) ret null;
    ret ref.get();
  }
  
  static new L<O> multiPorts;
  
  static synchronized L<O> getMultiPorts() {
    ret cloneList(multiPorts);
  }
  
  // true if you're the first one
  static synchronized boolean addMultiPort(O o) {
    multiPorts.add(o);
    if (multiPorts.size() == 1) {
      thread "keep alive" { x30.sleep(); } // keep VM alive since there is a multiport
    }
    ret multiPorts.size() == 1;
  }
  
  static synchronized void removeMultiPort(O o) {
    multiPorts.remove(o);
  }
  
  static S getInjectionID(Class mainClass) {
    L<PaA> l = getInjections();
    for (PaA injection : l)
      if (injection.mainClass == mainClass)
        ret injection.injectionID;
    ret null;
  }
  
  static S getInjectionID() { return null; } // used somewhere...
  
  static void sleep(long ms) {
    try {
      Thread.sleep(ms);
    } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); }
  }

  static void sleep() ctex {
    print("Sleeping.");
    synchronized(x30.class) { x30.class.wait(); }
  }
  
  static new WeakHashMap<Class, S> classToSourceCode;
  
  synchronized static void registerSourceCode(Class c, S src) {
    classToSourceCode.put(c, src);
  }
  
  synchronized static S getSourceCodeForClass(Class c) {
    ret classToSourceCode.get(c);
  }
  
  !include #1001496 // Matches
  
  static void autoScroll(boolean on) {
    if (console == null) ret;
    console.autoScroll = on;
    if (on) awt {
      console.scrollToBottom();
    }
  }
  
  // get main class of first program (for console)
  static O getMainMainClass() {
    PaA paa = first(getInjections());
    ret paa == null ? null : paa.mainClass;
  }
  
  static bool _inCore() {
    ret true;
  }
}

Began life as a copy of #1001638