import java.util.*;
import java.util.zip.*;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.regex.*;
import java.util.concurrent.*;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.*;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.*;
import java.util.function.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.event.*;
import javax.swing.text.*;
import javax.swing.table.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.lang.reflect.*;
import java.lang.ref.*;
import java.lang.management.*;
import java.security.*;
import java.security.spec.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.awt.image.*;
import java.awt.geom.*;
import javax.imageio.*;
import java.math.*;
import java.time.Duration;
class main {

static <A> boolean subListContains(List<A> l, int startIndex, int endIndex, A a) {
  if (l == null) return false;
  int n = l.size();
  startIndex = Math.max(0, startIndex);
  endIndex = Math.min(n, endIndex);
  for (int i = startIndex; i < endIndex; i++)
    if (eq(a, l.get(i)))
      return true;
  return false;
}
static boolean eq(Object a, Object b) {
  return a == b || a != null && b != null && a.equals(b);
}






static String str(Object o) {
  return o == null ? "null" : o.toString();
}

static String str(char[] c) {
  return new String(c);
}

static String str(char[] c, int offset, int count) {
  return new String(c, offset, count);
}



}