import java.util.*;
import java.util.zip.*;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.regex.*;
import java.util.concurrent.*;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.*;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.event.*;
import javax.swing.text.*;
import javax.swing.table.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.lang.reflect.*;
import java.lang.ref.*;
import java.lang.management.*;
import java.security.*;
import java.security.spec.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.awt.image.*;
import javax.imageio.*;
import java.math.*;
import x30_pkg.x30_util;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.VF1;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.l;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.fail;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.indexOf;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.getOpt;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.setOpt;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.callOpt;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.newWeakHashMap;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.newDangerousWeakHashMap;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.get;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.get_raw;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.assertTrue;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.isHeadless;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.isAndroid;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.isTrue;
import x30_pkg.x30_util.DynamicObject;
import loadableUtils.utils;
import static loadableUtils.utils._threadInfo;
import static loadableUtils.utils._threadInheritInfo;
import static loadableUtils.utils._threadInfo_addMakerAndRetriever;
import static loadableUtils.utils.dm_currentModule;
import static loadableUtils.utils.dm_current_mandatory;
import static loadableUtils.utils.match;
import static loadableUtils.utils.getOpt_raw;
import static loadableUtils.utils.setOpt_raw;
import static loadableUtils.utils.getField;
import static loadableUtils.utils.fieldType;
import static loadableUtils.utils.format3;
import static loadableUtils.utils.vm_generalIdentityHashSet;
import static loadableUtils.utils.vm_generalHashMap;
import static loadableUtils.utils.vm_generalWeakSubMap;
import static loadableUtils.utils.bindToComponent;
import static loadableUtils.utils.struct;
import static loadableUtils.utils.structure;
import static loadableUtils.utils.loadPage;
import static loadableUtils.utils.loadPage_utf8;
import static loadableUtils.utils.loadPageSilentlyWithTimeout;
import static loadableUtils.utils.loadPageSilently;
import static loadableUtils.utils.loadSnippet;
import static loadableUtils.utils.loadSnippetQuietly;
import static loadableUtils.utils.sendToLocalBot;
import static loadableUtils.utils.componentPopupMenu;
import static loadableUtils.utils.componentPopupMenu_top;
import static loadableUtils.utils.componentPopupMenu_initForComponent;
import static loadableUtils.utils.componentPopupMenu_getEvent;
import static loadableUtils.utils.listPopupMenu;
import static loadableUtils.utils.tablePopupMenu;
import static loadableUtils.utils.tablePopupMenuFirst;
import static loadableUtils.utils.rowSorter_setComparators;
import static loadableUtils.utils.sexyTableWithoutDrag;
import static loadableUtils.utils.dm_current_generic;
import static loadableUtils.utils.dm_current_mandatory_generic;
import static loadableUtils.utils.cset;
import static loadableUtils.utils.DynamicObject_loading;
import static loadableUtils.utils.concepts_unlisted;
import static loadableUtils.utils.makePopupMenuConditional;
import static loadableUtils.utils.makeConceptsTable_idWidth;
import static loadableUtils.utils.showConceptsTable_afterUpdate;
import static loadableUtils.utils.dynamicObjectIsLoading;
import loadableUtils.utils.F0;
import loadableUtils.utils.F1;
import loadableUtils.utils.IF1;
import loadableUtils.utils.Matches;
import loadableUtils.utils.BetterLabel;
import loadableUtils.utils.SingleComponentPanel;
import loadableUtils.utils.Snippet;
import loadableUtils.utils.Q;
import loadableUtils.utils.ImageSurface;
import loadableUtils.utils.structure_Data;
import loadableUtils.utils.structure_ClassInfo;
import loadableUtils.utils.RGBImage;
import loadableUtils.utils.RGB;
import loadableUtils.utils.BWImage;
import loadableUtils.utils.MakesBufferedImage;
import loadableUtils.utils.MultiSet;
import loadableUtils.utils.Concept;
import loadableUtils.utils.Concepts;
import loadableUtils.utils.IConceptIndex;
import loadableUtils.utils.IFieldIndex;
import loadableUtils.utils.Derefable;
import loadableUtils.utils.ImageSurfaceSelector;
import loadableUtils.utils.SimpleCRUD;
import loadableUtils.utils.PersistableThrowable;
import loadableUtils.utils.DynModule;
import loadableUtils.utils.DynPrintLog;
import loadableUtils.utils.DynObjectTable;
import loadableUtils.utils.DynImageSurface;
import loadableUtils.utils.DynCalculatedList;
import loadableUtils.utils.Rect;
import loadableUtils.utils.Pt;
import java.text.NumberFormat;

class main {

  static public class AIPackagesSpike extends DynPrintLog {

    public String input = "\r\n    Test\r\n    ----\r\n    \r\n    Fact: A gazelle is fast\r\n    Q: Is a gazelle slow?\r\n    \r\n    A: No\r\n    A: No, it is fast\r\n    A: No, it's fast\r\n    A: No, a gazelle is fast\r\n    A: No, fast\r\n    A: No, it's fast, not slow\r\n\r\n    Not an answer: Yes\r\n    \r\n    Example solution\r\n    ----------------\r\n    \r\n    Fact: Fast is not slow\r\n    Rule: Y is not Z => Z is not Y\r\n    Rule: a X is Y & Y is not Z => a X is not Z\r\n    Rule: is X Y? & X is not Y => no\r\n  ";

    transient public PhilosophyBot1 bot;

    public void start() {
      try {
        super.start();
        startThread("Start", new Runnable() {

          public void run() {
            try {
              AutoCloseable __9 = enter();
              try {
                try {
                  dm_reloadOnFieldChange("input");
                  Map<String, String> sections = asCIMap(underlinedHeadingSections(input));
                  String testText = sections.get("test");
                  String solutionText = sections.get("Example solution");
                  MultiMap<String, String> testPairs = parseColonPropertyCIMultiMap(testText);
                  MultiMap<String, String> solutionPairs = parseColonPropertyCIMultiMap(solutionText);
                  Collection<String> facts = concatLists(testPairs.get("Fact"), testPairs.get("Q"), solutionPairs.get("Fact"));
                  Collection<String> rules = solutionPairs.get("Rule");
                  pnl("RULES> ", rules);
                  bot = new PhilosophyBot1(joinWithEmptyLines(rules));
                  bot.parseProgram();
                  Collection<String> patterns = philosophyBot_allLHSAsStarPatterns(bot);
                  pnl("PATTERN> ", patterns);
                  bot.addCodeOnFact(s -> bot.addFacts(dm_topDownParseToGroupings(s, patterns)));
                  String program = joinWithEmptyLines(facts);
                  printWithIndent("PROGRAM> ", program);
                  bot.loadProgram(program);
                  bot.run();
                  Set<String> wantedAnswers = mapToCISet("dropPunctuation", testPairs.get("A"));
                  Set<String> unwantedAnswers = mapToCISet("dropPunctuation", testPairs.get("Not an answer"));
                  pnl("wantedAnswers", wantedAnswers);
                  pnl("unwantedAnswers", unwantedAnswers);
                  boolean good = listAndSetIntersect(bot.deducedFacts(), wantedAnswers);
                  boolean bad = listAndSetIntersect(bot.deducedFacts(), unwantedAnswers);
                  if (bad)
                    print("BAD answer!");
                  else if (good)
                    print("OK!");
                  else
                    print("No answer...");
                } catch (Throwable __e) {
                  _handleException(__e);
                }
              } finally {
                _close(__9);
              }
            } catch (Exception __e) {
              throw rethrow(__e);
            }
          }

          public String toString() {
            return "AutoCloseable __9 = enter(); try { try {\r\n    dm_reloadOnFieldChange input();...";
          }
        });
      } catch (Exception __e) {
        throw rethrow(__e);
      }
    }
  }

  static public boolean _moduleClass_AIPackagesSpike = true;

  static public void _onLoad_initUtils() {
    utils.__javax = javax();
  }

  static public void _onLoad_defaultClassFinder() {
    setDefaultClassFinder(new F1<String, Class>() {

      public Class get(String name) {
        try {
          Class c = findClass_fullName(name);
          if (c != null)
            return c;
          if (startsWith(name, "main$"))
            return loadableUtils.utils.findClass_fullName("loadableUtils.utils" + substring(name, 4));
          return null;
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "Class c = findClass_fullName(name);\r\n    if (c != null) ret c;\r\n    if (start...";
      }
    });
  }

  static public Object callF(Object f, Object... args) {
    try {
      if (f instanceof String)
        return callMC((String) f, args);
      return x30_util.callF(f, args);
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public <A> A callF(F0<A> f) {
    return f == null ? null : f.get();
  }

  static public <A> A callF(IF0<A> f) {
    return f == null ? null : f.get();
  }

  static public <A, B> B callF(F1<A, B> f, A a) {
    return f == null ? null : f.get(a);
  }

  static public <A, B> B callF(IF1<A, B> f, A a) {
    return f == null ? null : f.get(a);
  }

  static public <A, B, C> C callF(F2<A, B, C> f, A a, B b) {
    return f == null ? null : f.get(a, b);
  }

  static public <A> void callF(VF1<A> f, A a) {
    if (f != null)
      f.get(a);
  }

  static public Object callMC(String method, Object... args) {
    return call(mc(), method, args);
  }

  static public Object call(Object o) {
    return callF(o);
  }

  static public Object call(Object o, String method, Object... args) {
    return call_withVarargs(o, method, args);
  }

  static public String programID() {
    return getProgramID();
  }

  static public String programID(Object o) {
    return getProgramID(o);
  }

  static volatile public StringBuffer local_log = new StringBuffer();

  static volatile public Appendable print_log = local_log;

  static volatile public int print_log_max = 1024 * 1024;

  static volatile public int local_log_max = 100 * 1024;

  static public boolean print_silent = false;

  static public Object print_byThread_lock = new Object();

  static volatile public ThreadLocal<Object> print_byThread;

  static volatile public Object print_allThreads;

  static volatile public Object print_preprocess;

  static public void print() {
    print("");
  }

  static public <A> A print(String s, A o) {
    print((endsWithLetterOrDigit(s) ? s + ": " : s) + o);
    return o;
  }

  static public <A> A print(A o) {
    ping_okInCleanUp();
    if (print_silent)
      return o;
    String s = String.valueOf(o) + "\n";
    print_noNewLine(s);
    return o;
  }

  static public void print_noNewLine(String s) {
    Object f = getThreadLocal(print_byThread_dontCreate());
    if (f == null)
      f = print_allThreads;
    if (f != null)
      if (isFalse(f instanceof F1 ? ((F1) f).get(s) : callF(f, s)))
        return;
    print_raw(s);
  }

  static public void print_raw(String s) {
    if (print_preprocess != null)
      s = (String) callF(print_preprocess, s);
    s = fixNewLines(s);
    Appendable loc = local_log;
    Appendable buf = print_log;
    int loc_max = print_log_max;
    if (buf != loc && buf != null) {
      print_append(buf, s, print_log_max);
      loc_max = local_log_max;
    }
    if (loc != null)
      print_append(loc, s, loc_max);
    System.out.print(s);
  }

  static public void print_autoRotate() {
  }

  static public AutoCloseable tempInterceptPrintIfNotIntercepted(F1<String, Boolean> f) {
    return print_byThread().get() == null ? tempInterceptPrint(f) : null;
  }

  static public List<String> dropPunctuation_keep = ll("*", "<", ">");

  static public List<String> dropPunctuation(List<String> tok) {
    tok = new ArrayList<String>(tok);
    for (int i = 1; i < tok.size(); i += 2) {
      String t = tok.get(i);
      if (t.length() == 1 && !Character.isLetter(t.charAt(0)) && !Character.isDigit(t.charAt(0)) && !dropPunctuation_keep.contains(t)) {
        tok.set(i - 1, tok.get(i - 1) + tok.get(i + 1));
        tok.remove(i);
        tok.remove(i);
        i -= 2;
      }
    }
    return tok;
  }

  static public String dropPunctuation(String s) {
    return join(dropPunctuation(nlTok(s)));
  }

  static public Thread startThread(Object runnable) {
    return startThread(defaultThreadName(), runnable);
  }

  static public Thread startThread(String name, Object runnable) {
    runnable = wrapAsActivity(runnable);
    return startThread(newThread(toRunnable(runnable), name));
  }

  static public Thread startThread(Thread t) {
    _registerThread(t);
    t.start();
    return t;
  }

  static public void dm_reloadOnFieldChange(String field) {
    dm_onFieldChange(field, new Runnable() {

      public void run() {
        try {
          dm_reloadModule();
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "dm_reloadModule();";
      }
    });
  }

  static public <B> TreeMap<String, B> asCIMap(Map<String, B> map) {
    return asCaseInsensitiveMap(map);
  }

  static public Map<String, String> underlinedHeadingSections(String text) {
    List<String> lines = lines(text);
    List<Integer> l = indicesOfStartingWithTrim(lines, "--");
    LinkedHashMap<String, String> out = new LinkedHashMap();
    if (nempty(l))
      mapPutIfNemptyValue(out, "", rtrim(lines(takeFirst(lines, first(l) - 1))));
    for (int i = 0; i < l(l); i++) {
      int i1 = get(l, i);
      int i2 = or(get(l, i + 1), l(lines) + 1);
      String heading = trim(get(lines, i1 - 1));
      out.put(heading, lines(subList(lines, i1 + 1, i2 - 1)));
    }
    return out;
  }

  static public MultiMap<String, String> parseColonPropertyCIMultiMap(String text) {
    return pairsToCIMultiMap(parseColonPropertyPairs(text));
  }

  static public <A> List<A> concatLists(Collection<A>... lists) {
    List<A> l = new ArrayList();
    if (lists != null)
      for (Collection<A> list : lists) if (list != null)
        l.addAll(list);
    return l;
  }

  static public <A> List<A> concatLists(Collection<? extends Collection<A>> lists) {
    List<A> l = new ArrayList();
    if (lists != null)
      for (Collection<A> list : lists) if (list != null)
        l.addAll(list);
    return l;
  }

  static public <A extends Iterable> A pnl(String prefix, A l) {
    printNumberedLines(prefix, l);
    return l;
  }

  static public <A extends Iterable> A pnl(A l) {
    printNumberedLines(l);
    return l;
  }

  static public <A extends Map> A pnl(A map) {
    printNumberedLines(map);
    return map;
  }

  static public <A> A[] pnl(A[] a) {
    printNumberedLines(a);
    return a;
  }

  static public String pnl(String s) {
    printNumberedLines(lines(s));
    return s;
  }

  static public String joinWithEmptyLines(Iterable<String> l) {
    return join("\n\n", map("rtrim", l));
  }

  static public String joinWithEmptyLines(String... l) {
    return joinWithEmptyLines(asList(l));
  }

  static public Collection<String> philosophyBot_allLHSAsStarPatterns(String script) {
    return mapToCISet("dollarVarsToStars", philosophyBot_gatherAllLHS(script));
  }

  static public Collection<String> philosophyBot_allLHSAsStarPatterns(PhilosophyBot1 bot) {
    return mapToCISet(s -> philosophyBot_varsToStars(bot, s, null), philosophyBot_allLHS(bot));
  }

  static public Collection<String> dm_topDownParseToGroupings(String input, Collection<String> patterns) {
    return pairsA(dm_topDownParseToGroupings_withUsedPatterns(input, patterns));
  }

  static public <A> A printWithIndent(A o) {
    return printIndent(o);
  }

  static public <A> A printWithIndent(String indent, A o) {
    return printIndent(indent, o);
  }

  static public void printWithIndent(int indent, Object o) {
    printIndent(indent, o);
  }

  static public <A> TreeSet<String> mapToCISet(IF1<A, String> f, Iterable<A> l) {
    return mapToCISet((Object) f, l);
  }

  static public TreeSet<String> mapToCISet(Object f, Iterable l) {
    TreeSet<String> x = ciSet();
    if (l != null)
      for (Object o : l) addIfNotNull(x, (String) callF(f, o));
    return x;
  }

  static public <A> boolean listAndSetIntersect(Iterable<A> a, Collection<A> b) {
    Set<A> bSet = asSet(b);
    for (A x : unnull(a)) if (bSet.contains(x))
      return true;
    return false;
  }

  static volatile public PersistableThrowable _handleException_lastException;

  static public List _handleException_onException = synchroList(ll("printStackTrace2"));

  static public void _handleException(Throwable e) {
    _handleException_lastException = persistableThrowable(e);
    Throwable e2 = innerException(e);
    if (e2.getClass() == RuntimeException.class && eq(e2.getMessage(), "Thread cancelled.") || e2 instanceof InterruptedException)
      return;
    for (Object f : cloneList(_handleException_onException)) try {
      callF(f, e);
    } catch (Throwable e3) {
      printStackTrace2(e3);
    }
  }

  static public void _close(AutoCloseable c) {
    if (c != null)
      try {
        c.close();
      } catch (Throwable e) {
        if (c instanceof javax.imageio.stream.ImageOutputStream)
          return;
        else
          throw rethrow(e);
      }
  }

  static public RuntimeException rethrow(Throwable t) {
    if (t instanceof Error)
      _handleError((Error) t);
    throw t instanceof RuntimeException ? (RuntimeException) t : new RuntimeException(t);
  }

  static public RuntimeException rethrow(String msg, Throwable t) {
    throw new RuntimeException(msg, t);
  }

  static public Class javax() {
    return getJavaX();
  }

  static public void setDefaultClassFinder(Object cf) {
    _defaultClassFinder_value = cf;
  }

  static public HashMap<String, Class> findClass_fullName_cache = new HashMap();

  static public Class findClass_fullName(String name) {
    synchronized (findClass_fullName_cache) {
      if (findClass_fullName_cache.containsKey(name))
        return findClass_fullName_cache.get(name);
      Class c;
      try {
        c = Class.forName(name);
      } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
        c = null;
      }
      findClass_fullName_cache.put(name, c);
      return c;
    }
  }

  static public boolean startsWith(String a, String b) {
    return a != null && a.startsWith(b);
  }

  static public boolean startsWith(String a, char c) {
    return nemptyString(a) && a.charAt(0) == c;
  }

  static public boolean startsWith(String a, String b, Matches m) {
    if (!startsWith(a, b))
      return false;
    m.m = new String[] { substring(a, strL(b)) };
    return true;
  }

  static public boolean startsWith(List a, List b) {
    if (a == null || listL(b) > listL(a))
      return false;
    for (int i = 0; i < listL(b); i++) if (neq(a.get(i), b.get(i)))
      return false;
    return true;
  }

  static public String substring(String s, int x) {
    return substring(s, x, strL(s));
  }

  static public String substring(String s, int x, int y) {
    if (s == null)
      return null;
    if (x < 0)
      x = 0;
    if (x >= s.length())
      return "";
    if (y < x)
      y = x;
    if (y > s.length())
      y = s.length();
    return s.substring(x, y);
  }

  static public String substring(String s, IntRange r) {
    return r == null ? null : substring(s, r.start, r.end);
  }

  static public String substring(String s, CharSequence l) {
    return substring(s, l(l));
  }

  static public Class mc() {
    return main.class;
  }

  static public Object call_withVarargs(Object o, String method, Object... args) {
    try {
      if (o == null)
        return null;
      if (o instanceof Class) {
        Class c = (Class) o;
        _MethodCache cache = callOpt_getCache(c);
        Method me = cache.findStaticMethod(method, args);
        if (me != null)
          return invokeMethod(me, null, args);
        List<Method> methods = cache.cache.get(method);
        if (methods != null)
          methodSearch: for (Method m : methods) {
            {
              if (!(m.isVarArgs()))
                continue;
            }
            {
              if (!(isStaticMethod(m)))
                continue;
            }
            Object[] newArgs = massageArgsForVarArgsCall(m, args);
            if (newArgs != null)
              return invokeMethod(m, null, newArgs);
          }
        throw fail("Method " + c.getName() + "." + method + "(" + joinWithComma(classNames(args)) + ") not found");
      } else {
        Class c = o.getClass();
        _MethodCache cache = callOpt_getCache(c);
        Method me = cache.findMethod(method, args);
        if (me != null)
          return invokeMethod(me, o, args);
        List<Method> methods = cache.cache.get(method);
        if (methods != null)
          methodSearch: for (Method m : methods) {
            {
              if (!(m.isVarArgs()))
                continue;
            }
            Object[] newArgs = massageArgsForVarArgsCall(m, args);
            if (newArgs != null)
              return invokeMethod(m, o, newArgs);
          }
        throw fail("Method " + c.getName() + "." + method + "(" + joinWithComma(classNames(args)) + ") not found");
      }
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public Throwable printStackTrace2(Throwable e) {
    print(getStackTrace2(e));
    return e;
  }

  static public void printStackTrace2() {
    printStackTrace2(new Throwable());
  }

  static public void printStackTrace2(String msg) {
    printStackTrace2(new Throwable(msg));
  }

  static public Object _defaultClassFinder_value = defaultDefaultClassFinder();

  static public Object _defaultClassFinder() {
    return _defaultClassFinder_value;
  }

  static public String programID;

  static public String getProgramID() {
    return nempty(programID) ? formatSnippetIDOpt(programID) : "?";
  }

  static public String getProgramID(Class c) {
    String id = (String) getOpt(c, "programID");
    if (nempty(id))
      return formatSnippetID(id);
    return "?";
  }

  static public String getProgramID(Object o) {
    return getProgramID(getMainClass(o));
  }

  static public boolean endsWithLetterOrDigit(String s) {
    return s != null && s.length() > 0 && Character.isLetterOrDigit(s.charAt(s.length() - 1));
  }

  static public void ping_okInCleanUp() {
    if (ping_pauseAll || ping_anyActions)
      ping_impl(true);
  }

  static public Object getThreadLocal(Object o, String name) {
    ThreadLocal t = (ThreadLocal) (getOpt(o, name));
    return t != null ? t.get() : null;
  }

  static public <A> A getThreadLocal(ThreadLocal<A> tl) {
    return tl == null ? null : tl.get();
  }

  static public <A> A getThreadLocal(ThreadLocal<A> tl, A defaultValue) {
    return or(getThreadLocal(tl), defaultValue);
  }

  static public ThreadLocal<Object> print_byThread_dontCreate() {
    return print_byThread;
  }

  static public boolean isFalse(Object o) {
    return eq(false, o);
  }

  static public String fixNewLines(String s) {
    int i = indexOf(s, '\r');
    if (i < 0)
      return s;
    int l = s.length();
    StringBuilder out = new StringBuilder(l);
    out.append(s, 0, i);
    for (; i < l; i++) {
      char c = s.charAt(i);
      if (c != '\r')
        out.append(c);
      else {
        out.append('\n');
        if (i + 1 < l && s.charAt(i + 1) == '\n')
          ++i;
      }
    }
    return out.toString();
  }

  static public void print_append(Appendable buf, String s, int max) {
    try {
      synchronized (buf) {
        buf.append(s);
        if (buf instanceof StringBuffer)
          rotateStringBuffer(((StringBuffer) buf), max);
        else if (buf instanceof StringBuilder)
          rotateStringBuilder(((StringBuilder) buf), max);
      }
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public ThreadLocal<Object> print_byThread() {
    synchronized (print_byThread_lock) {
      if (print_byThread == null)
        print_byThread = new ThreadLocal();
    }
    return print_byThread;
  }

  static public AutoCloseable tempInterceptPrint(F1<String, Boolean> f) {
    return tempSetThreadLocal(print_byThread(), f);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> ll(A... a) {
    ArrayList l = new ArrayList(a.length);
    if (a != null)
      for (A x : a) l.add(x);
    return l;
  }

  public static <A> String join(String glue, Iterable<A> strings) {
    if (strings == null)
      return "";
    if (strings instanceof Collection) {
      if (((Collection) strings).size() == 1)
        return str(first(((Collection) strings)));
    }
    StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
    Iterator<A> i = strings.iterator();
    if (i.hasNext()) {
      buf.append(i.next());
      while (i.hasNext()) buf.append(glue).append(i.next());
    }
    return buf.toString();
  }

  public static String join(String glue, String... strings) {
    return join(glue, Arrays.asList(strings));
  }

  static public <A> String join(Iterable<A> strings) {
    return join("", strings);
  }

  static public <A> String join(Iterable<A> strings, String glue) {
    return join(glue, strings);
  }

  public static String join(String[] strings) {
    return join("", strings);
  }

  static public String join(String glue, Pair p) {
    return p == null ? "" : str(p.a) + glue + str(p.b);
  }

  static public List<String> nlTok(String s) {
    return javaTokPlusPeriod(s);
  }

  static public String defaultThreadName_name;

  static public String defaultThreadName() {
    if (defaultThreadName_name == null)
      defaultThreadName_name = "A thread by " + programID();
    return defaultThreadName_name;
  }

  static public Runnable wrapAsActivity(Object r) {
    return toRunnable(r);
  }

  static public Thread newThread(Object runnable) {
    return new Thread(_topLevelErrorHandling(toRunnable(runnable)));
  }

  static public Thread newThread(Object runnable, String name) {
    if (name == null)
      name = defaultThreadName();
    return new Thread(_topLevelErrorHandling(toRunnable(runnable)), name);
  }

  static public Thread newThread(String name, Object runnable) {
    return newThread(runnable, name);
  }

  static public Runnable toRunnable(final Object o) {
    if (o instanceof Runnable)
      return (Runnable) o;
    return new Runnable() {

      public void run() {
        try {
          callF(o);
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "callF(o)";
      }
    };
  }

  static public Map<Thread, Boolean> _registerThread_threads;

  static public Object _onRegisterThread;

  static public Thread _registerThread(Thread t) {
    if (_registerThread_threads == null)
      _registerThread_threads = newWeakHashMap();
    _registerThread_threads.put(t, true);
    vm_generalWeakSubMap("thread2mc").put(t, weakRef(mc()));
    callF(_onRegisterThread, t);
    return t;
  }

  static public void _registerThread() {
    _registerThread(Thread.currentThread());
  }

  static public void dm_onFieldChange(String field, Runnable onChange) {
    dm_watchField(field, onChange);
  }

  static public void dm_reloadModule(Object module) {
    dm_reloadModuleInBackground(module);
  }

  static public void dm_reloadModule() {
    dm_reloadModuleInBackground();
  }

  static public <B> TreeMap<String, B> asCaseInsensitiveMap(Map<String, B> map) {
    if (isCIMap(map))
      return (TreeMap) map;
    TreeMap<String, B> m = ciMap();
    m.putAll(map);
    return m;
  }

  static public String lines(Iterable lines) {
    return fromLines(lines);
  }

  static public String lines(Object[] lines) {
    return fromLines(asList(lines));
  }

  static public List<String> lines(String s) {
    return toLines(s);
  }

  static public List<Integer> indicesOfStartingWithTrim(List<String> l, String prefix) {
    List<Integer> x = new ArrayList();
    for (int i = 0; i < l(l); i++) if (startsWith(trim(l.get(i)), prefix))
      x.add(i);
    return x;
  }

  static public boolean nempty(Collection c) {
    return !empty(c);
  }

  static public boolean nempty(CharSequence s) {
    return !empty(s);
  }

  static public boolean nempty(Object[] o) {
    return !empty(o);
  }

  static public boolean nempty(byte[] o) {
    return !empty(o);
  }

  static public boolean nempty(int[] o) {
    return !empty(o);
  }

  static public boolean nempty(Map m) {
    return !empty(m);
  }

  static public boolean nempty(Iterator i) {
    return i != null && i.hasNext();
  }

  static public boolean nempty(Object o) {
    return !empty(o);
  }

  static public <A> void mapPutIfNemptyValue(Map<A, String> map, A key, String value) {
    if (map != null && key != null && nempty(value))
      map.put(key, value);
  }

  static public <A, B extends Collection> void mapPutIfNemptyValue(Map<A, B> map, A key, B value) {
    if (map != null && key != null && nempty(value))
      map.put(key, value);
  }

  public static String rtrim(String s) {
    if (s == null)
      return null;
    int i = s.length();
    while (i > 0 && " \t\r\n".indexOf(s.charAt(i - 1)) >= 0) --i;
    return i < s.length() ? s.substring(0, i) : s;
  }

  static public <A> List<A> takeFirst(List<A> l, int n) {
    return l(l) <= n ? l : newSubListOrSame(l, 0, n);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> takeFirst(int n, List<A> l) {
    return takeFirst(l, n);
  }

  static public String takeFirst(int n, String s) {
    return substring(s, 0, n);
  }

  static public String takeFirst(String s, int n) {
    return substring(s, 0, n);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> takeFirst(int n, Iterable<A> i) {
    if (i == null)
      return null;
    List l = new ArrayList();
    Iterator<A> it = i.iterator();
    for (int _repeat_0 = 0; _repeat_0 < n; _repeat_0++) {
      if (it.hasNext())
        l.add(it.next());
      else
        break;
    }
    return l;
  }

  static public Object first(Object list) {
    return first((Iterable) list);
  }

  static public <A> A first(List<A> list) {
    return empty(list) ? null : list.get(0);
  }

  static public <A> A first(A[] bla) {
    return bla == null || bla.length == 0 ? null : bla[0];
  }

  static public <A> A first(IterableIterator<A> i) {
    return first((Iterator<A>) i);
  }

  static public <A> A first(Iterator<A> i) {
    return i == null || !i.hasNext() ? null : i.next();
  }

  static public <A> A first(Iterable<A> i) {
    if (i == null)
      return null;
    Iterator<A> it = i.iterator();
    return it.hasNext() ? it.next() : null;
  }

  static public Character first(String s) {
    return empty(s) ? null : s.charAt(0);
  }

  static public <A, B> A first(Pair<A, B> p) {
    return p == null ? null : p.a;
  }

  static public <A, B, C> A first(T3<A, B, C> t) {
    return t == null ? null : t.a;
  }

  static public Byte first(byte[] l) {
    return empty(l) ? null : l[0];
  }

  static public <A> A or(A a, A b) {
    return a != null ? a : b;
  }

  static public String trim(String s) {
    return s == null ? null : s.trim();
  }

  static public String trim(StringBuilder buf) {
    return buf.toString().trim();
  }

  static public String trim(StringBuffer buf) {
    return buf.toString().trim();
  }

  static public <A> List<A> subList(List<A> l, int startIndex) {
    return subList(l, startIndex, l(l));
  }

  static public <A> List<A> subList(int startIndex, int endIndex, List<A> l) {
    return subList(l, startIndex, endIndex);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> subList(List<A> l, int startIndex, int endIndex) {
    if (l == null)
      return null;
    int n = l(l);
    startIndex = Math.max(0, startIndex);
    endIndex = Math.min(n, endIndex);
    if (startIndex >= endIndex)
      return ll();
    if (startIndex == 0 && endIndex == n)
      return l;
    return l.subList(startIndex, endIndex);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> subList(List<A> l, IntRange r) {
    return subList(l, r.start, r.end);
  }

  static public <B> MultiMap<String, B> pairsToCIMultiMap(List<Pair<String, B>> l) {
    MultiMap<String, B> mm = ciMultiMap();
    for (Pair<String, B> p : unnull(l)) mm.put(p.a, p.b);
    return mm;
  }

  static public List<Pair<String, String>> parseColonPropertyPairs(String text) {
    List<Pair<String, String>> l = new ArrayList();
    for (String s : tlft(text)) {
      int i = indexOf(s, ':');
      if (i > 0)
        addPair(l, trimSubstring(s, 0, i), trimSubstring(s, i + 1));
    }
    return l;
  }

  static public void printNumberedLines(Map map) {
    printNumberedLines(mapToLines(map));
  }

  static public <A extends Iterable> A printNumberedLines(A l) {
    int i = 0;
    if (l != null)
      for (Object a : l) print((++i) + ". " + str(a));
    return l;
  }

  static public <A extends Iterable> A printNumberedLines(String prefix, A l) {
    int i = 0;
    if (l != null)
      for (Object a : l) print(prefix + (++i) + ". " + str(a));
    return l;
  }

  static public void printNumberedLines(Object[] l) {
    printNumberedLines(asList(l));
  }

  static public void printNumberedLines(Object o) {
    printNumberedLines(lines(str(o)));
  }

  static public List map(Iterable l, Object f) {
    return map(f, l);
  }

  static public List map(Object f, Iterable l) {
    List x = emptyList(l);
    if (l != null)
      for (Object o : l) x.add(callF(f, o));
    return x;
  }

  static public <A, B> List<B> map(Iterable<A> l, F1<A, B> f) {
    return map(f, l);
  }

  static public <A, B> List<B> map(F1<A, B> f, Iterable<A> l) {
    List x = emptyList(l);
    if (l != null)
      for (A o : l) x.add(callF(f, o));
    return x;
  }

  static public <A, B> List<B> map(IF1<A, B> f, Iterable<A> l) {
    return map(l, f);
  }

  static public <A, B> List<B> map(Iterable<A> l, IF1<A, B> f) {
    List x = emptyList(l);
    if (l != null)
      for (A o : l) x.add(f.get(o));
    return x;
  }

  static public <A, B> List<B> map(IF1<A, B> f, A[] l) {
    return map(l, f);
  }

  static public <A, B> List<B> map(A[] l, IF1<A, B> f) {
    List x = emptyList(l);
    if (l != null)
      for (A o : l) x.add(f.get(o));
    return x;
  }

  static public List map(Object f, Object[] l) {
    return map(f, asList(l));
  }

  static public List map(Object[] l, Object f) {
    return map(f, l);
  }

  static public List map(Object f, Map map) {
    return map(map, f);
  }

  static public List map(Map map, Object f) {
    List x = new ArrayList();
    if (map != null)
      for (Object _e : map.entrySet()) {
        Map.Entry e = (Map.Entry) _e;
        x.add(callF(f, e.getKey(), e.getValue()));
      }
    return x;
  }

  static public <A, B, C> List<C> map(Map<A, B> map, IF2<A, B, C> f) {
    return map(map, (Object) f);
  }

  static public <A> ArrayList<A> asList(A[] a) {
    return a == null ? new ArrayList<A>() : new ArrayList<A>(Arrays.asList(a));
  }

  static public ArrayList<Integer> asList(int[] a) {
    if (a == null)
      return null;
    ArrayList<Integer> l = emptyList(a.length);
    for (int i : a) l.add(i);
    return l;
  }

  static public ArrayList<Float> asList(float[] a) {
    if (a == null)
      return null;
    ArrayList<Float> l = emptyList(a.length);
    for (float i : a) l.add(i);
    return l;
  }

  static public ArrayList<Double> asList(double[] a) {
    if (a == null)
      return null;
    ArrayList<Double> l = emptyList(a.length);
    for (double i : a) l.add(i);
    return l;
  }

  static public <A> ArrayList<A> asList(Iterable<A> s) {
    if (s instanceof ArrayList)
      return (ArrayList) s;
    ArrayList l = new ArrayList();
    if (s != null)
      for (A a : s) l.add(a);
    return l;
  }

  static public <A> ArrayList<A> asList(Producer<A> p) {
    ArrayList l = new ArrayList();
    A a;
    if (p != null)
      while ((a = p.next()) != null) l.add(a);
    return l;
  }

  static public <A> ArrayList<A> asList(Enumeration<A> e) {
    ArrayList l = new ArrayList();
    if (e != null)
      while (e.hasMoreElements()) l.add(e.nextElement());
    return l;
  }

  static public String dollarVarsToStars(String s) {
    return dollarVarsToStars(s, null);
  }

  static public String dollarVarsToStars(String s, List<String> varNames_out) {
    List<String> tok = javaTok(s);
    for (int i = 1; i < l(tok); i += 2) {
      String t = tok.get(i);
      if (isDollarVar(t)) {
        listAdd(varNames_out, t);
        tok.set(i, "*");
      } else if (eq(t, "*"))
        listAdd(varNames_out, "*");
    }
    return join(tok);
  }

  static public Collection<String> philosophyBot_gatherAllLHS(String script) {
    PhilosophyBot1 bot = new PhilosophyBot1(script);
    bot.parseProgram();
    return philosophyBot_allLHS(bot);
  }

  static public String philosophyBot_varsToStars(PhilosophyBot1 bot, String s, List<String> varNames_out) {
    return arbitraryVarsToStars(s, philosophyBot_varSet(bot), varNames_out);
  }

  static public Collection<String> philosophyBot_allLHS(PhilosophyBot1 bot) {
    Set<String> set = ciSet();
    for (PhilosophyBot1.LogicRule r : bot.logicRules()) addAll(set, stringsOnly(philosophyBot_allPartsOfLHS(r)));
    return set;
  }

  static public <A, B> List<A> pairsA(Collection<Pair<A, B>> l) {
    return firstOfPairs(l);
  }

  static public Collection<Pair<String, Set<String>>> dm_topDownParseToGroupings_withUsedPatterns(String input, Collection<String> patterns) {
    String parser = dm_makeModule("#1027108/TopDownParsing");
    return (Collection<Pair<String, Set<String>>>) dm_callWithImport(parser, "parseToGroupingsWithUsedPatterns", input, "patterns", patterns);
  }

  static public <A> A printIndent(A o) {
    print(indentx(str(o)));
    return o;
  }

  static public <A> A printIndent(String indent, A o) {
    print(indentx(indent, str(o)));
    return o;
  }

  static public void printIndent(int indent, Object o) {
    print(indentx(indent, str(o)));
  }

  static public TreeSet<String> ciSet() {
    return caseInsensitiveSet();
  }

  static public <A> void addIfNotNull(Collection<A> l, A a) {
    if (a != null && l != null)
      l.add(a);
  }

  static public <A> void addIfNotNull(MultiSet<A> ms, A a) {
    if (a != null && ms != null)
      ms.add(a);
  }

  static public Set asSet(Object[] array) {
    HashSet set = new HashSet();
    for (Object o : array) if (o != null)
      set.add(o);
    return set;
  }

  static public Set<String> asSet(String[] array) {
    TreeSet<String> set = new TreeSet();
    for (String o : array) if (o != null)
      set.add(o);
    return set;
  }

  static public <A> Set<A> asSet(Iterable<A> l) {
    if (l instanceof Set)
      return (Set) l;
    HashSet<A> set = new HashSet();
    for (A o : unnull(l)) if (o != null)
      set.add(o);
    return set;
  }

  static public String unnull(String s) {
    return s == null ? "" : s;
  }

  static public <A> Collection<A> unnull(Collection<A> l) {
    return l == null ? emptyList() : l;
  }

  static public <A> List<A> unnull(List<A> l) {
    return l == null ? emptyList() : l;
  }

  static public <A, B> Map<A, B> unnull(Map<A, B> l) {
    return l == null ? emptyMap() : l;
  }

  static public <A> Iterable<A> unnull(Iterable<A> i) {
    return i == null ? emptyList() : i;
  }

  static public <A> A[] unnull(A[] a) {
    return a == null ? (A[]) new Object[0] : a;
  }

  static public BitSet unnull(BitSet b) {
    return b == null ? new BitSet() : b;
  }

  static public Pt unnull(Pt p) {
    return p == null ? new Pt() : p;
  }

  static public <A, B> Pair<A, B> unnull(Pair<A, B> p) {
    return p != null ? p : new Pair(null, null);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> synchroList() {
    return Collections.synchronizedList(new ArrayList<A>());
  }

  static public <A> List<A> synchroList(List<A> l) {
    return Collections.synchronizedList(l);
  }

  static public PersistableThrowable persistableThrowable(Throwable e) {
    return e == null ? null : new PersistableThrowable(e);
  }

  static public Throwable innerException(Throwable e) {
    return getInnerException(e);
  }

  static public boolean eq(Object a, Object b) {
    return a == b || (a == null ? b == null : b != null && a.equals(b));
  }

  static public <A> ArrayList<A> cloneList(Iterable<A> l) {
    return l instanceof Collection ? cloneList((Collection) l) : asList(l);
  }

  static public <A> ArrayList<A> cloneList(Collection<A> l) {
    if (l == null)
      return new ArrayList();
    synchronized (collectionMutex(l)) {
      return new ArrayList<A>(l);
    }
  }

  static public void _handleError(Error e) {
    call(javax(), "_handleError", e);
  }

  static public Class __javax;

  static public Class getJavaX() {
    try {
      return __javax;
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public boolean nemptyString(String s) {
    return s != null && s.length() > 0;
  }

  static public int strL(String s) {
    return s == null ? 0 : s.length();
  }

  static public int listL(Collection l) {
    return l == null ? 0 : l.size();
  }

  static public boolean neq(Object a, Object b) {
    return !eq(a, b);
  }

  static final public Map<Class, _MethodCache> callOpt_cache = newDangerousWeakHashMap();

  static public Object callOpt_cached(Object o, String methodName, Object... args) {
    try {
      if (o == null)
        return null;
      if (o instanceof Class) {
        Class c = (Class) o;
        _MethodCache cache = callOpt_getCache(c);
        Method me = cache.findMethod(methodName, args);
        if (me == null || (me.getModifiers() & Modifier.STATIC) == 0)
          return null;
        return invokeMethod(me, null, args);
      } else {
        Class c = o.getClass();
        _MethodCache cache = callOpt_getCache(c);
        Method me = cache.findMethod(methodName, args);
        if (me == null)
          return null;
        return invokeMethod(me, o, args);
      }
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public _MethodCache callOpt_getCache(Class c) {
    synchronized (callOpt_cache) {
      _MethodCache cache = callOpt_cache.get(c);
      if (cache == null)
        callOpt_cache.put(c, cache = new _MethodCache(c));
      return cache;
    }
  }

  static public Object invokeMethod(Method m, Object o, Object... args) {
    try {
      try {
        return m.invoke(o, args);
      } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
        throw rethrow(getExceptionCause(e));
      } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException(e.getMessage() + " - was calling: " + m + ", args: " + joinWithSpace(classNames(args)));
      }
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public boolean isStaticMethod(Method m) {
    return methodIsStatic(m);
  }

  static public Object[] massageArgsForVarArgsCall(Method m, Object[] args) {
    Class<?>[] types = m.getParameterTypes();
    int n = types.length - 1, nArgs = args.length;
    if (nArgs < n)
      return null;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) if (!argumentCompatibleWithType(args[i], types[i]))
      return null;
    Class varArgType = types[n].getComponentType();
    for (int i = n; i < nArgs; i++) if (!argumentCompatibleWithType(args[i], varArgType))
      return null;
    Object[] newArgs = new Object[n + 1];
    arraycopy(args, 0, newArgs, 0, n);
    Object[] varArgs = arrayOfType(varArgType, nArgs - n);
    arraycopy(args, n, varArgs, 0, nArgs - n);
    newArgs[n] = varArgs;
    return newArgs;
  }

  static public <A> String joinWithComma(Collection<A> c) {
    return join(", ", c);
  }

  static public String joinWithComma(String... c) {
    return join(", ", c);
  }

  static public String joinWithComma(Pair p) {
    return p == null ? "" : joinWithComma(str(p.a), str(p.b));
  }

  static public List<String> classNames(Collection l) {
    return getClassNames(l);
  }

  static public List<String> classNames(Object[] l) {
    return getClassNames(Arrays.asList(l));
  }

  static public String getStackTrace2(Throwable e) {
    return hideCredentials(getStackTrace(unwrapTrivialExceptionWraps(e)) + replacePrefix("java.lang.RuntimeException: ", "FAIL: ", hideCredentials(str(innerException2(e)))) + "\n");
  }

  static public Object defaultDefaultClassFinder() {
    return new F1<String, Class>() {

      public Class get(String name) {
        Class c = findClass_fullName(name);
        if (c != null)
          return c;
        if (name.startsWith("loadableUtils.utils$"))
          return findClass_fullName("main" + name.substring(19));
        return null;
      }
    };
  }

  static public String formatSnippetIDOpt(String s) {
    return isSnippetID(s) ? formatSnippetID(s) : s;
  }

  static public String formatSnippetID(String id) {
    return "#" + parseSnippetID(id);
  }

  static public String formatSnippetID(long id) {
    return "#" + id;
  }

  static public Class getMainClass() {
    return mc();
  }

  static public Class getMainClass(Object o) {
    try {
      if (o == null)
        return null;
      if (o instanceof Class && eq(((Class) o).getName(), "x30"))
        return (Class) o;
      return (o instanceof Class ? (Class) o : o.getClass()).getClassLoader().loadClass("main");
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static volatile public boolean ping_pauseAll = false;

  static public int ping_sleep = 100;

  static volatile public boolean ping_anyActions = false;

  static public Map<Thread, Object> ping_actions = newWeakHashMap();

  static public ThreadLocal<Boolean> ping_isCleanUpThread = new ThreadLocal();

  static public boolean ping() {
    if (ping_pauseAll || ping_anyActions)
      ping_impl(true);
    return true;
  }

  static public boolean ping_impl(boolean okInCleanUp) {
    try {
      if (ping_pauseAll && !isAWTThread()) {
        do Thread.sleep(ping_sleep); while (ping_pauseAll);
        return true;
      }
      if (ping_anyActions) {
        if (!okInCleanUp && !isTrue(ping_isCleanUpThread.get()))
          failIfUnlicensed();
        Object action = null;
        synchronized (ping_actions) {
          if (!ping_actions.isEmpty()) {
            action = ping_actions.get(currentThread());
            if (action instanceof Runnable)
              ping_actions.remove(currentThread());
            if (ping_actions.isEmpty())
              ping_anyActions = false;
          }
        }
        if (action instanceof Runnable)
          ((Runnable) action).run();
        else if (eq(action, "cancelled"))
          throw fail("Thread cancelled.");
      }
      return false;
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public void rotateStringBuffer(StringBuffer buf, int max) {
    try {
      if (buf == null)
        return;
      synchronized (buf) {
        if (buf.length() <= max)
          return;
        try {
          int newLength = max / 2;
          int ofs = buf.length() - newLength;
          String newString = buf.substring(ofs);
          buf.setLength(0);
          buf.append("[...] ").append(newString);
        } catch (Exception e) {
          buf.setLength(0);
        }
        buf.trimToSize();
      }
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public void rotateStringBuilder(StringBuilder buf, int max) {
    try {
      if (buf == null)
        return;
      synchronized (buf) {
        if (buf.length() <= max)
          return;
        try {
          int newLength = max / 2;
          int ofs = buf.length() - newLength;
          String newString = buf.substring(ofs);
          buf.setLength(0);
          buf.append("[...] ").append(newString);
        } catch (Exception e) {
          buf.setLength(0);
        }
        buf.trimToSize();
      }
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public <A> AutoCloseable tempSetThreadLocal(final ThreadLocal<A> tl, A a) {
    if (tl == null)
      return null;
    final A prev = setThreadLocal(tl, a);
    return new AutoCloseable() {

      public String toString() {
        return "tl.set(prev);";
      }

      public void close() throws Exception {
        tl.set(prev);
      }
    };
  }

  static public String str(Object o) {
    return o == null ? "null" : o.toString();
  }

  static public String str(char[] c) {
    return new String(c);
  }

  static public List<String> javaTokPlusPeriod(String s) {
    List<String> tok = new ArrayList<String>();
    if (s == null)
      return tok;
    int l = s.length();
    int i = 0;
    while (i < l) {
      int j = i;
      char c;
      String cc;
      while (j < l) {
        c = s.charAt(j);
        cc = s.substring(j, Math.min(j + 2, l));
        if (c == ' ' || c == '\t' || c == '\r' || c == '\n')
          ++j;
        else if (cc.equals("/*")) {
          do ++j; while (j < l && !s.substring(j, Math.min(j + 2, l)).equals("*/"));
          j = Math.min(j + 2, l);
        } else if (cc.equals("//")) {
          do ++j; while (j < l && "\r\n".indexOf(s.charAt(j)) < 0);
        } else
          break;
      }
      tok.add(s.substring(i, j));
      i = j;
      if (i >= l)
        break;
      c = s.charAt(i);
      cc = s.substring(i, Math.min(i + 2, l));
      if (c == (char) 0x201C || c == (char) 0x201D)
        c = '"';
      if (c == '\'' || c == '"') {
        char opener = c;
        ++j;
        while (j < l) {
          char _c = s.charAt(j);
          if (_c == (char) 0x201C || _c == (char) 0x201D)
            _c = '"';
          if (_c == opener) {
            ++j;
            break;
          } else if (s.charAt(j) == '\\' && j + 1 < l)
            j += 2;
          else
            ++j;
        }
        if (j - 1 >= i + 1) {
          tok.add(opener + s.substring(i + 1, j - 1) + opener);
          i = j;
          continue;
        }
      } else if (Character.isJavaIdentifierStart(c))
        do ++j; while (j < l && (Character.isJavaIdentifierPart(s.charAt(j)) || s.charAt(j) == '\''));
      else if (Character.isDigit(c))
        do ++j; while (j < l && Character.isDigit(s.charAt(j)));
      else if (cc.equals("[[")) {
        do ++j; while (j + 1 < l && !s.substring(j, j + 2).equals("]]"));
        j = Math.min(j + 2, l);
      } else if (cc.equals("[=") && i + 2 < l && s.charAt(i + 2) == '[') {
        do ++j; while (j + 2 < l && !s.substring(j, j + 3).equals("]=]"));
        j = Math.min(j + 3, l);
      } else if (s.substring(j, Math.min(j + 3, l)).equals("..."))
        j += 3;
      else if (c == '$' || c == '#')
        do ++j; while (j < l && Character.isDigit(s.charAt(j)));
      else
        ++j;
      tok.add(s.substring(i, j));
      i = j;
    }
    if ((tok.size() % 2) == 0)
      tok.add("");
    return tok;
  }

  static public Runnable _topLevelErrorHandling(final Runnable runnable) {
    final Object info = _threadInfo();
    return new Runnable() {

      public void run() {
        try {
          try {
            _threadInheritInfo(info);
            runnable.run();
          } catch (Throwable __e) {
            _handleException(__e);
          }
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "pcall {\r\n      _threadInheritInfo(info);\r\n      runnable.run();\r\n    }";
      }
    };
  }

  static public <A> WeakReference<A> weakRef(A a) {
    return newWeakReference(a);
  }

  static public void dm_watchField(String field, Runnable onChange) {
    new Dyn_FieldWatcher(dm_current_mandatory(), field, onChange);
  }

  static public void dm_reloadModuleInBackground(Object module) {
    dm_callOS("reloadModuleInBackground", dm_getStem(module));
  }

  static public void dm_reloadModuleInBackground() {
    dm_reloadModuleInBackground(dm_current_mandatory_generic());
  }

  static public boolean isCIMap(Map m) {
    return m instanceof TreeMap && ((TreeMap) m).comparator() == caseInsensitiveComparator();
  }

  static public <A> TreeMap<String, A> ciMap() {
    return caseInsensitiveMap();
  }

  static public String fromLines(Iterable lines) {
    StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
    if (lines != null)
      for (Object line : lines) buf.append(str(line)).append('\n');
    return buf.toString();
  }

  static public String fromLines(String... lines) {
    return fromLines(asList(lines));
  }

  static public IterableIterator<String> toLines(File f) {
    return linesFromFile(f);
  }

  static public List<String> toLines(String s) {
    List<String> lines = new ArrayList<String>();
    if (s == null)
      return lines;
    int start = 0;
    while (true) {
      int i = toLines_nextLineBreak(s, start);
      if (i < 0) {
        if (s.length() > start)
          lines.add(s.substring(start));
        break;
      }
      lines.add(s.substring(start, i));
      if (s.charAt(i) == '\r' && i + 1 < s.length() && s.charAt(i + 1) == '\n')
        i += 2;
      else
        ++i;
      start = i;
    }
    return lines;
  }

  static public int toLines_nextLineBreak(String s, int start) {
    for (int i = start; i < s.length(); i++) {
      char c = s.charAt(i);
      if (c == '\r' || c == '\n')
        return i;
    }
    return -1;
  }

  static public boolean empty(Collection c) {
    return c == null || c.isEmpty();
  }

  static public boolean empty(CharSequence s) {
    return s == null || s.length() == 0;
  }

  static public boolean empty(Map map) {
    return map == null || map.isEmpty();
  }

  static public boolean empty(Object[] o) {
    return o == null || o.length == 0;
  }

  static public boolean empty(Object o) {
    if (o instanceof Collection)
      return empty((Collection) o);
    if (o instanceof String)
      return empty((String) o);
    if (o instanceof Map)
      return empty((Map) o);
    if (o instanceof Object[])
      return empty((Object[]) o);
    if (o instanceof byte[])
      return empty((byte[]) o);
    if (o == null)
      return true;
    throw fail("unknown type for 'empty': " + getType(o));
  }

  static public boolean empty(Iterator i) {
    return i == null || !i.hasNext();
  }

  static public boolean empty(double[] a) {
    return a == null || a.length == 0;
  }

  static public boolean empty(float[] a) {
    return a == null || a.length == 0;
  }

  static public boolean empty(int[] a) {
    return a == null || a.length == 0;
  }

  static public boolean empty(long[] a) {
    return a == null || a.length == 0;
  }

  static public boolean empty(byte[] a) {
    return a == null || a.length == 0;
  }

  static public boolean empty(short[] a) {
    return a == null || a.length == 0;
  }

  static public boolean empty(MultiSet ms) {
    return ms == null || ms.isEmpty();
  }

  static public boolean empty(File f) {
    return getFileSize(f) == 0;
  }

  static public <A> List<A> newSubListOrSame(List<A> l, int startIndex) {
    return newSubListOrSame(l, startIndex, l(l));
  }

  static public <A> List<A> newSubListOrSame(List<A> l, int startIndex, int endIndex) {
    if (l == null)
      return null;
    int n = l(l);
    startIndex = max(0, startIndex);
    endIndex = min(n, endIndex);
    if (startIndex >= endIndex)
      return ll();
    if (startIndex == 0 && endIndex == n)
      return l;
    return cloneList(l.subList(startIndex, endIndex));
  }

  static public <A> List<A> newSubListOrSame(List<A> l, IntRange r) {
    return newSubListOrSame(l, r.start, r.end);
  }

  static public <A> MultiMap<String, A> ciMultiMap() {
    return caseInsensitiveMultiMap();
  }

  static public List<String> tlft(String s) {
    return toLinesFullTrim(s);
  }

  static public List<String> tlft(File f) {
    return toLinesFullTrim(f);
  }

  static public <A, B> void addPair(Collection<Pair<A, B>> c, A a, B b) {
    if (c != null)
      c.add(pair(a, b));
  }

  static public String trimSubstring(String s, int x) {
    return trim(substring(s, x));
  }

  static public String trimSubstring(String s, int x, int y) {
    return trim(substring(s, x, y));
  }

  static public String trimSubstring(String s, IntRange r) {
    return trim(substring(s, r));
  }

  static public List<String> mapToLines(Map map) {
    List<String> l = new ArrayList();
    for (Object key : keys(map)) l.add(str(key) + " = " + str(map.get(key)));
    return l;
  }

  static public String mapToLines(Map map, Object f) {
    return lines(map(map, f));
  }

  static public String mapToLines(Object f, Map map) {
    return lines(map(map, f));
  }

  static public String mapToLines(Object f, Iterable l) {
    return lines(map(f, l));
  }

  static public <A> String mapToLines(Iterable<A> l, IF1<A, String> f) {
    return mapToLines((Object) f, l);
  }

  static public <A> String mapToLines(IF1<A, String> f, Iterable<A> l) {
    return mapToLines((Object) f, l);
  }

  static public <A, B> String mapToLines(Map<A, B> map, IF2<A, B, String> f) {
    return lines(map(map, f));
  }

  static public ArrayList emptyList() {
    return new ArrayList();
  }

  static public ArrayList emptyList(int capacity) {
    return new ArrayList(max(0, capacity));
  }

  static public ArrayList emptyList(Iterable l) {
    return l instanceof Collection ? emptyList(((Collection) l).size()) : emptyList();
  }

  static public ArrayList emptyList(Object[] l) {
    return emptyList(l(l));
  }

  static public <A> ArrayList<A> emptyList(Class<A> c) {
    return new ArrayList();
  }

  static public int javaTok_n, javaTok_elements;

  static public boolean javaTok_opt = false;

  static public List<String> javaTok(String s) {
    ++javaTok_n;
    ArrayList<String> tok = new ArrayList();
    int l = s == null ? 0 : s.length();
    int i = 0, n = 0;
    while (i < l) {
      int j = i;
      char c, d;
      while (j < l) {
        c = s.charAt(j);
        d = j + 1 >= l ? '\0' : s.charAt(j + 1);
        if (c == ' ' || c == '\t' || c == '\r' || c == '\n')
          ++j;
        else if (c == '/' && d == '*') {
          do ++j; while (j < l && !s.substring(j, Math.min(j + 2, l)).equals("*/"));
          j = Math.min(j + 2, l);
        } else if (c == '/' && d == '/') {
          do ++j; while (j < l && "\r\n".indexOf(s.charAt(j)) < 0);
        } else
          break;
      }
      tok.add(javaTok_substringN(s, i, j));
      ++n;
      i = j;
      if (i >= l)
        break;
      c = s.charAt(i);
      d = i + 1 >= l ? '\0' : s.charAt(i + 1);
      if (c == '\'' && Character.isJavaIdentifierStart(d) && i + 2 < l && "'\\".indexOf(s.charAt(i + 2)) < 0) {
        j += 2;
        while (j < l && Character.isJavaIdentifierPart(s.charAt(j))) ++j;
      } else if (c == '\'' || c == '"') {
        char opener = c;
        ++j;
        while (j < l) {
          int c2 = s.charAt(j);
          if (c2 == opener || c2 == '\n' && opener == '\'') {
            ++j;
            break;
          } else if (c2 == '\\' && j + 1 < l)
            j += 2;
          else
            ++j;
        }
      } else if (Character.isJavaIdentifierStart(c))
        do ++j; while (j < l && (Character.isJavaIdentifierPart(s.charAt(j)) || s.charAt(j) == '\''));
      else if (Character.isDigit(c)) {
        do ++j; while (j < l && Character.isDigit(s.charAt(j)));
        if (j < l && s.charAt(j) == 'L')
          ++j;
      } else if (c == '[' && d == '[') {
        do ++j; while (j + 1 < l && !s.substring(j, j + 2).equals("]]"));
        j = Math.min(j + 2, l);
      } else if (c == '[' && d == '=' && i + 2 < l && s.charAt(i + 2) == '[') {
        do ++j; while (j + 2 < l && !s.substring(j, j + 3).equals("]=]"));
        j = Math.min(j + 3, l);
      } else
        ++j;
      tok.add(javaTok_substringC(s, i, j));
      ++n;
      i = j;
    }
    if ((tok.size() % 2) == 0)
      tok.add("");
    javaTok_elements += tok.size();
    return tok;
  }

  static public List<String> javaTok(List<String> tok) {
    return javaTokWithExisting(join(tok), tok);
  }

  static public boolean isDollarVar(String s) {
    return startsWith(s, '$') && isJavaIdentifierAfter(s, 1);
  }

  static public <A> void listAdd(Collection<A> c, A a) {
    if (c != null)
      c.add(a);
  }

  static public String arbitraryVarsToStars(String s, Set<String> vars, List<String> varNames_out) {
    if (empty(vars))
      return s;
    List<String> tok = javaTok(s);
    List<String> tok2 = arbitraryVarsToStars(tok, vars, varNames_out);
    return tok == tok2 ? s : join(tok2);
  }

  static public List<String> arbitraryVarsToStars(List<String> tok, Set<String> vars, List<String> varNames_out) {
    if (empty(vars))
      return tok;
    List<String> tok2 = null;
    int n = l(tok);
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
      String t = tok.get(i);
      if (odd(i) && vars.contains(t)) {
        listAdd(varNames_out, t);
        if (tok2 == null)
          tok2 = cloneSubList(tok, 0, i);
        tok2.add("*");
      } else if (tok2 != null)
        tok2.add(t);
    }
    return tok2 != null ? tok2 : tok;
  }

  static public Set<String> philosophyBot_varSet(PhilosophyBot1 bot) {
    return predicateToSet(s -> bot.isVar(s));
  }

  static public <A, B extends A> void addAll(Collection<A> c, Iterable<B> b) {
    if (c != null && b != null)
      for (A a : b) c.add(a);
  }

  static public <A, B extends A> boolean addAll(Collection<A> c, Collection<B> b) {
    return c != null && b != null && c.addAll(b);
  }

  static public <A, B extends A> boolean addAll(Collection<A> c, B... b) {
    return c != null && c.addAll(Arrays.asList(b));
  }

  static public <A, B> Map<A, B> addAll(Map<A, B> a, Map<? extends A, ? extends B> b) {
    if (a != null)
      a.putAll(b);
    return a;
  }

  static public List<String> stringsOnly(Iterable it) {
    List<String> out = new ArrayList();
    for (Object o : unnull(it)) if (o instanceof String)
      out.add(((String) o));
    return out;
  }

  static public Set philosophyBot_allPartsOfLHS(PhilosophyBot1.LogicRule rule) {
    Set out = new HashSet();
    philosophyBot_allPartsOfLHS_collect(rule, out);
    return out;
  }

  static public void philosophyBot_allPartsOfLHS_collect(Object o, Set out) {
    if (!out.add(o))
      return;
    if (o instanceof PhilosophyBot1.LogicRule) {
      philosophyBot_allPartsOfLHS_collect(((PhilosophyBot1.LogicRule) o).lhs, out);
      Object rhs = ((PhilosophyBot1.LogicRule) o).rhs;
      if (rhs instanceof PhilosophyBot1.LogicRule)
        philosophyBot_allPartsOfLHS_collect(((PhilosophyBot1.LogicRule) rhs), out);
    }
    if (o instanceof PhilosophyBot1.And) {
      philosophyBot_allPartsOfLHS_collect(((PhilosophyBot1.And) o).a, out);
      philosophyBot_allPartsOfLHS_collect(((PhilosophyBot1.And) o).b, out);
    }
  }

  static public <A, B> List<A> firstOfPairs(Collection<Pair<A, B>> l) {
    List<A> out = new ArrayList();
    for (Pair<A, B> p : unnull(l)) out.add(firstOfPair(p));
    return out;
  }

  static public String dm_makeModule(String moduleLibID) {
    return (String) dm_callOS("makeModule", moduleLibID);
  }

  static public Object dm_callWithImport(Object moduleOrID, String method, Object... args) {
    return quickImport(dm_call(moduleOrID, method, args));
  }

  static public String indentx(String s) {
    return indentx(indent_default, s);
  }

  static public String indentx(int n, String s) {
    return dropSuffix(repeat(' ', n), indent(n, s));
  }

  static public String indentx(String indent, String s) {
    return dropSuffix(indent, indent(indent, s));
  }

  static public TreeSet<String> caseInsensitiveSet() {
    return caseInsensitiveSet_treeSet();
  }

  static public TreeSet<String> caseInsensitiveSet(Collection<String> c) {
    return caseInsensitiveSet_treeSet(c);
  }

  static public Map emptyMap() {
    return new HashMap();
  }

  static public Throwable getInnerException(Throwable e) {
    if (e == null)
      return null;
    while (e.getCause() != null) e = e.getCause();
    return e;
  }

  static public Throwable getInnerException(Runnable r) {
    return getInnerException(getException(r));
  }

  static public Object collectionMutex(List l) {
    return l;
  }

  static public Object collectionMutex(Object o) {
    if (o instanceof List)
      return o;
    String c = className(o);
    if (eq(c, "java.util.TreeMap$KeySet"))
      c = className(o = getOpt(o, "m"));
    else if (eq(c, "java.util.HashMap$KeySet"))
      c = className(o = get_raw(o, "this$0"));
    if (eqOneOf(c, "java.util.TreeMap$AscendingSubMap", "java.util.TreeMap$DescendingSubMap"))
      c = className(o = get_raw(o, "m"));
    return o;
  }

  static public Throwable getExceptionCause(Throwable e) {
    Throwable c = e.getCause();
    return c != null ? c : e;
  }

  static public String joinWithSpace(Collection<String> c) {
    return join(" ", c);
  }

  static public String joinWithSpace(String... c) {
    return join(" ", c);
  }

  static public boolean methodIsStatic(Method m) {
    return (m.getModifiers() & Modifier.STATIC) != 0;
  }

  static public boolean argumentCompatibleWithType(Object arg, Class type) {
    return arg == null ? !type.isPrimitive() : isInstanceX(type, arg);
  }

  static public void arraycopy(Object[] a, Object[] b) {
    if (a != null && b != null)
      arraycopy(a, 0, b, 0, min(a.length, b.length));
  }

  static public void arraycopy(Object src, int srcPos, Object dest, int destPos, int n) {
    if (n != 0)
      System.arraycopy(src, srcPos, dest, destPos, n);
  }

  static public <A> A[] arrayOfType(Class<A> type, int n) {
    return makeArray(type, n);
  }

  static public <A> A[] arrayOfType(int n, Class<A> type) {
    return arrayOfType(type, n);
  }

  static public List<String> getClassNames(Collection l) {
    List<String> out = new ArrayList();
    if (l != null)
      for (Object o : l) out.add(o == null ? null : getClassName(o));
    return out;
  }

  static public String hideCredentials(URL url) {
    return url == null ? null : hideCredentials(str(url));
  }

  static public String hideCredentials(String url) {
    try {
      if (startsWithOneOf(url, "http://", "https://") && isAGIBlueDomain(hostNameFromURL(url)))
        return url;
    } catch (Throwable e) {
      print("HideCredentials", e);
    }
    return url.replaceAll("([&?])(_pass|key)=[^&\\s\"]*", "$1$2=<hidden>");
  }

  static public String hideCredentials(Object o) {
    return hideCredentials(str(o));
  }

  static public String getStackTrace(Throwable throwable) {
    lastException(throwable);
    return getStackTrace_noRecord(throwable);
  }

  static public String getStackTrace_noRecord(Throwable throwable) {
    StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
    throwable.printStackTrace(new PrintWriter(writer));
    return hideCredentials(writer.toString());
  }

  static public String getStackTrace() {
    return getStackTrace_noRecord(new Throwable());
  }

  static public Throwable unwrapTrivialExceptionWraps(Throwable e) {
    if (e == null)
      return e;
    while (e.getClass() == RuntimeException.class && e.getCause() != null && eq(e.getMessage(), str(e.getCause()))) e = e.getCause();
    return e;
  }

  static public String replacePrefix(String prefix, String replacement, String s) {
    if (!startsWith(s, prefix))
      return s;
    return replacement + substring(s, l(prefix));
  }

  static public Throwable innerException2(Throwable e) {
    if (e == null)
      return null;
    while (empty(e.getMessage()) && e.getCause() != null) e = e.getCause();
    return e;
  }

  public static boolean isSnippetID(String s) {
    try {
      parseSnippetID(s);
      return true;
    } catch (RuntimeException e) {
      return false;
    }
  }

  public static long parseSnippetID(String snippetID) {
    long id = Long.parseLong(shortenSnippetID(snippetID));
    if (id == 0)
      throw fail("0 is not a snippet ID");
    return id;
  }

  static public boolean isAWTThread() {
    if (isAndroid())
      return false;
    if (isHeadless())
      return false;
    return isAWTThread_awt();
  }

  static public boolean isAWTThread_awt() {
    return SwingUtilities.isEventDispatchThread();
  }

  static public void failIfUnlicensed() {
    assertTrue("license off", licensed());
  }

  static public Thread currentThread() {
    return Thread.currentThread();
  }

  static public <A> A setThreadLocal(ThreadLocal<A> tl, A value) {
    if (tl == null)
      return null;
    A old = tl.get();
    tl.set(value);
    return old;
  }

  static public <A> WeakReference<A> newWeakReference(A a) {
    return a == null ? null : new WeakReference(a);
  }

  static public Object dm_callOS(String functionName, Object... args) {
    return call(dm_os(), functionName, args);
  }

  static public Object dm_getStem(Object moduleOrID) {
    if (isString(moduleOrID) && isIdentifier(((String) moduleOrID)))
      moduleOrID = dm_getService(((String) moduleOrID));
    if (isStringOrIntOrLong(moduleOrID))
      return dm_getStemByID(moduleOrID);
    return or(getOpt(dm_getModule(moduleOrID), "_host"), moduleOrID);
  }

  static public Comparator<String> caseInsensitiveComparator() {
    return betterCIComparator();
  }

  static public <A> TreeMap<String, A> caseInsensitiveMap() {
    return new TreeMap(caseInsensitiveComparator());
  }

  static public CloseableIterableIterator<String> linesFromFile(File f) {
    try {
      if (!f.exists())
        return emptyCloseableIterableIterator();
      if (ewic(f.getName(), ".gz"))
        return linesFromReader(utf8bufferedReader(newGZIPInputStream(f)));
      return linesFromReader(utf8bufferedReader(f));
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public CloseableIterableIterator<String> linesFromFile(String path) {
    return linesFromFile(newFile(path));
  }

  static public String getType(Object o) {
    return getClassName(o);
  }

  static public long getFileSize(String path) {
    return path == null ? 0 : new File(path).length();
  }

  static public long getFileSize(File f) {
    return f == null ? 0 : f.length();
  }

  static public int max(int a, int b) {
    return Math.max(a, b);
  }

  static public int max(int a, int b, int c) {
    return max(max(a, b), c);
  }

  static public long max(int a, long b) {
    return Math.max((long) a, b);
  }

  static public long max(long a, long b) {
    return Math.max(a, b);
  }

  static public double max(int a, double b) {
    return Math.max((double) a, b);
  }

  static public float max(float a, float b) {
    return Math.max(a, b);
  }

  static public double max(double a, double b) {
    return Math.max(a, b);
  }

  static public int max(Collection<Integer> c) {
    int x = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
    for (int i : c) x = max(x, i);
    return x;
  }

  static public double max(double[] c) {
    if (c.length == 0)
      return Double.MIN_VALUE;
    double x = c[0];
    for (int i = 1; i < c.length; i++) x = Math.max(x, c[i]);
    return x;
  }

  static public float max(float[] c) {
    if (c.length == 0)
      return Float.MAX_VALUE;
    float x = c[0];
    for (int i = 1; i < c.length; i++) x = Math.max(x, c[i]);
    return x;
  }

  static public byte max(byte[] c) {
    byte x = -128;
    for (byte d : c) if (d > x)
      x = d;
    return x;
  }

  static public short max(short[] c) {
    short x = -0x8000;
    for (short d : c) if (d > x)
      x = d;
    return x;
  }

  static public int max(int[] c) {
    int x = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
    for (int d : c) if (d > x)
      x = d;
    return x;
  }

  static public int min(int a, int b) {
    return Math.min(a, b);
  }

  static public long min(long a, long b) {
    return Math.min(a, b);
  }

  static public float min(float a, float b) {
    return Math.min(a, b);
  }

  static public float min(float a, float b, float c) {
    return min(min(a, b), c);
  }

  static public double min(double a, double b) {
    return Math.min(a, b);
  }

  static public double min(double[] c) {
    double x = Double.MAX_VALUE;
    for (double d : c) x = Math.min(x, d);
    return x;
  }

  static public float min(float[] c) {
    float x = Float.MAX_VALUE;
    for (float d : c) x = Math.min(x, d);
    return x;
  }

  static public byte min(byte[] c) {
    byte x = 127;
    for (byte d : c) if (d < x)
      x = d;
    return x;
  }

  static public short min(short[] c) {
    short x = 0x7FFF;
    for (short d : c) if (d < x)
      x = d;
    return x;
  }

  static public int min(int[] c) {
    int x = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
    for (int d : c) if (d < x)
      x = d;
    return x;
  }

  static public <A> MultiMap<String, A> caseInsensitiveMultiMap() {
    MultiMap<String, A> mm = new MultiMap();
    mm.data = caseInsensitiveMap();
    return mm;
  }

  static public List<String> toLinesFullTrim(String s) {
    List<String> l = new ArrayList();
    for (String line : toLines(s)) if (nempty(line = trim(line)))
      l.add(line);
    return l;
  }

  static public List<String> toLinesFullTrim(File f) {
    List<String> l = new ArrayList();
    for (String line : linesFromFile(f)) if (nempty(line = trim(line)))
      l.add(line);
    return l;
  }

  static public <A, B> Pair<A, B> pair(A a, B b) {
    return new Pair(a, b);
  }

  static public <A> Pair<A, A> pair(A a) {
    return new Pair(a, a);
  }

  static public <A, B> Set<A> keys(Map<A, B> map) {
    return map == null ? new HashSet() : map.keySet();
  }

  static public Set keys(Object map) {
    return keys((Map) map);
  }

  static public <A> Set<A> keys(MultiSet<A> ms) {
    return ms.keySet();
  }

  static public <A, B> Set<A> keys(MultiMap<A, B> mm) {
    return mm.keySet();
  }

  static public String javaTok_substringN(String s, int i, int j) {
    if (i == j)
      return "";
    if (j == i + 1 && s.charAt(i) == ' ')
      return " ";
    return s.substring(i, j);
  }

  static public String javaTok_substringC(String s, int i, int j) {
    return s.substring(i, j);
  }

  static public List<String> javaTokWithExisting(String s, List<String> existing) {
    ++javaTok_n;
    int nExisting = javaTok_opt && existing != null ? existing.size() : 0;
    ArrayList<String> tok = existing != null ? new ArrayList(nExisting) : new ArrayList();
    int l = s.length();
    int i = 0, n = 0;
    while (i < l) {
      int j = i;
      char c, d;
      while (j < l) {
        c = s.charAt(j);
        d = j + 1 >= l ? '\0' : s.charAt(j + 1);
        if (c == ' ' || c == '\t' || c == '\r' || c == '\n')
          ++j;
        else if (c == '/' && d == '*') {
          do ++j; while (j < l && !s.substring(j, Math.min(j + 2, l)).equals("*/"));
          j = Math.min(j + 2, l);
        } else if (c == '/' && d == '/') {
          do ++j; while (j < l && "\r\n".indexOf(s.charAt(j)) < 0);
        } else
          break;
      }
      if (n < nExisting && javaTokWithExisting_isCopyable(existing.get(n), s, i, j))
        tok.add(existing.get(n));
      else
        tok.add(javaTok_substringN(s, i, j));
      ++n;
      i = j;
      if (i >= l)
        break;
      c = s.charAt(i);
      d = i + 1 >= l ? '\0' : s.charAt(i + 1);
      if (c == '\'' && Character.isJavaIdentifierStart(d) && i + 2 < l && "'\\".indexOf(s.charAt(i + 2)) < 0) {
        j += 2;
        while (j < l && Character.isJavaIdentifierPart(s.charAt(j))) ++j;
      } else if (c == '\'' || c == '"') {
        char opener = c;
        ++j;
        while (j < l) {
          if (s.charAt(j) == opener) {
            ++j;
            break;
          } else if (s.charAt(j) == '\\' && j + 1 < l)
            j += 2;
          else
            ++j;
        }
      } else if (Character.isJavaIdentifierStart(c))
        do ++j; while (j < l && (Character.isJavaIdentifierPart(s.charAt(j)) || "'".indexOf(s.charAt(j)) >= 0));
      else if (Character.isDigit(c)) {
        do ++j; while (j < l && Character.isDigit(s.charAt(j)));
        if (j < l && s.charAt(j) == 'L')
          ++j;
      } else if (c == '[' && d == '[') {
        do ++j; while (j + 1 < l && !s.substring(j, j + 2).equals("]]"));
        j = Math.min(j + 2, l);
      } else if (c == '[' && d == '=' && i + 2 < l && s.charAt(i + 2) == '[') {
        do ++j; while (j + 2 < l && !s.substring(j, j + 3).equals("]=]"));
        j = Math.min(j + 3, l);
      } else
        ++j;
      if (n < nExisting && javaTokWithExisting_isCopyable(existing.get(n), s, i, j))
        tok.add(existing.get(n));
      else
        tok.add(javaTok_substringC(s, i, j));
      ++n;
      i = j;
    }
    if ((tok.size() % 2) == 0)
      tok.add("");
    javaTok_elements += tok.size();
    return tok;
  }

  static public boolean javaTokWithExisting_isCopyable(String t, String s, int i, int j) {
    return t.length() == j - i && s.regionMatches(i, t, 0, j - i);
  }

  static public boolean isJavaIdentifierAfter(String s, int i) {
    int n = l(s);
    if (i >= n || !Character.isJavaIdentifierStart(s.charAt(i)))
      return false;
    for (i++; i < n; i++) if (!Character.isJavaIdentifierPart(s.charAt(i)))
      return false;
    return true;
  }

  static public boolean odd(int i) {
    return (i & 1) != 0;
  }

  static public boolean odd(long i) {
    return (i & 1) != 0;
  }

  static public boolean odd(BigInteger i) {
    return odd(toInt(i));
  }

  static public <A> List<A> cloneSubList(List<A> l, int startIndex, int endIndex) {
    return newSubList(l, startIndex, endIndex);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> cloneSubList(List<A> l, int startIndex) {
    return newSubList(l, startIndex);
  }

  static public <A> Set<A> predicateToSet(IF1<A, Boolean> p) {
    return p == null ? null : new AbstractSet<A>() {

      public Iterator<A> iterator() {
        throw unimplemented();
      }

      public int size() {
        return -1;
      }

      @Override
      public boolean contains(Object o) {
        return p.get((A) o);
      }
    };
  }

  static public <A, B> A firstOfPair(Pair<A, B> p) {
    return p == null ? null : p.a;
  }

  static public Object quickImport(Object o) {
    return quickExport(o, mc());
  }

  static public List quickImport(List o) {
    return (List) quickImport((Object) o);
  }

  static public Object dm_call(Object moduleOrID, String method, Object... args) {
    Object mod = dm_getModule(moduleOrID);
    if (mod == null)
      return null;
    AutoCloseable __1 = dm_enter(mod);
    try {
      return call_withVarargs(mod, method, args);
    } finally {
      _close(__1);
    }
  }

  static public String dropSuffix(String suffix, String s) {
    return s.endsWith(suffix) ? s.substring(0, l(s) - l(suffix)) : s;
  }

  static public String repeat(char c, int n) {
    n = Math.max(n, 0);
    char[] chars = new char[n];
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) chars[i] = c;
    return new String(chars);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> repeat(A a, int n) {
    n = Math.max(n, 0);
    List<A> l = new ArrayList(n);
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) l.add(a);
    return l;
  }

  static public <A> List<A> repeat(int n, A a) {
    return repeat(a, n);
  }

  static public int indent_default = 2;

  static public String indent(int indent) {
    return repeat(' ', indent);
  }

  static public String indent(int indent, String s) {
    return indent(repeat(' ', indent), s);
  }

  static public String indent(String indent, String s) {
    return indent + s.replace("\n", "\n" + indent);
  }

  static public String indent(String s) {
    return indent(indent_default, s);
  }

  static public List<String> indent(String indent, List<String> lines) {
    List<String> l = new ArrayList();
    if (lines != null)
      for (String s : lines) l.add(indent + s);
    return l;
  }

  static public TreeSet<String> caseInsensitiveSet_treeSet() {
    return new TreeSet(caseInsensitiveComparator());
  }

  static public TreeSet<String> caseInsensitiveSet_treeSet(Collection<String> c) {
    return toCaseInsensitiveSet_treeSet(c);
  }

  static public Throwable getException(Runnable r) {
    try {
      callF(r);
      return null;
    } catch (Throwable e) {
      return e;
    }
  }

  static public String className(Object o) {
    return getClassName(o);
  }

  static public boolean eqOneOf(Object o, Object... l) {
    for (Object x : l) if (eq(o, x))
      return true;
    return false;
  }

  static public boolean isInstanceX(Class type, Object arg) {
    if (type == boolean.class)
      return arg instanceof Boolean;
    if (type == int.class)
      return arg instanceof Integer;
    if (type == long.class)
      return arg instanceof Long;
    if (type == float.class)
      return arg instanceof Float;
    if (type == short.class)
      return arg instanceof Short;
    if (type == char.class)
      return arg instanceof Character;
    if (type == byte.class)
      return arg instanceof Byte;
    if (type == double.class)
      return arg instanceof Double;
    return type.isInstance(arg);
  }

  static public <A> A[] makeArray(Class<A> type, int n) {
    return (A[]) Array.newInstance(type, n);
  }

  static public String getClassName(Object o) {
    return o == null ? "null" : o instanceof Class ? ((Class) o).getName() : o.getClass().getName();
  }

  static public boolean startsWithOneOf(String s, String... l) {
    for (String x : l) if (startsWith(s, x))
      return true;
    return false;
  }

  static public boolean isAGIBlueDomain(String domain) {
    return domainIsUnder(domain, theAGIBlueDomain());
  }

  static public String hostNameFromURL(String url) {
    try {
      return new URL(url).getHost();
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static volatile public PersistableThrowable lastException_lastException;

  static public PersistableThrowable lastException() {
    return lastException_lastException;
  }

  static public void lastException(Throwable e) {
    lastException_lastException = persistableThrowable(e);
  }

  static public String shortenSnippetID(String snippetID) {
    if (snippetID.startsWith("#"))
      snippetID = snippetID.substring(1);
    String httpBlaBla = "http://tinybrain.de/";
    if (snippetID.startsWith(httpBlaBla))
      snippetID = snippetID.substring(httpBlaBla.length());
    return "" + parseLong(snippetID);
  }

  static volatile public boolean licensed_yes = true;

  static public boolean licensed() {
    if (!licensed_yes)
      return false;
    ping_okInCleanUp();
    return true;
  }

  static public void licensed_off() {
    licensed_yes = false;
  }

  static public Object dm_os() {
    {
      Object __1 = vm_generalMap_get("stefansOS");
      if (__1 != null)
        return __1;
    }
    return creator();
  }

  static public boolean isString(Object o) {
    return o instanceof String;
  }

  static public boolean isIdentifier(String s) {
    return isJavaIdentifier(s);
  }

  static public Object dm_getService(String serviceName) {
    return empty(serviceName) ? null : dm_getModule(vmBus_query(assertIdentifier(serviceName)));
  }

  static public boolean isStringOrIntOrLong(Object o) {
    return o instanceof String || o instanceof Integer || o instanceof Long;
  }

  static public Object dm_getStemByID(Object id) {
    return dm_callOS("getModuleByID", str(id));
  }

  static public Object dm_getModule(Object moduleOrID) {
    if (moduleOrID == null || eq(moduleOrID, ""))
      return null;
    if (isString(moduleOrID) && isIdentifier(((String) moduleOrID)))
      return dm_getService(((String) moduleOrID));
    if (isStringOrIntOrLong(moduleOrID))
      return dm_callOS("getDynModuleByID", str(moduleOrID));
    return dm_resolveModule(moduleOrID);
  }

  static public betterCIComparator_C betterCIComparator_instance;

  static public betterCIComparator_C betterCIComparator() {
    if (betterCIComparator_instance == null)
      betterCIComparator_instance = new betterCIComparator_C();
    return betterCIComparator_instance;
  }

  static public class betterCIComparator_C implements Comparator<String> {

    public int compare(String s1, String s2) {
      if (s1 == null)
        return s2 == null ? 0 : -1;
      if (s2 == null)
        return 1;
      int n1 = s1.length();
      int n2 = s2.length();
      int min = Math.min(n1, n2);
      for (int i = 0; i < min; i++) {
        char c1 = s1.charAt(i);
        char c2 = s2.charAt(i);
        if (c1 != c2) {
          c1 = Character.toUpperCase(c1);
          c2 = Character.toUpperCase(c2);
          if (c1 != c2) {
            c1 = Character.toLowerCase(c1);
            c2 = Character.toLowerCase(c2);
            if (c1 != c2) {
              return c1 - c2;
            }
          }
        }
      }
      return n1 - n2;
    }
  }

  static public CloseableIterableIterator emptyCloseableIterableIterator_instance = new CloseableIterableIterator() {

    public Object next() {
      throw fail();
    }

    public boolean hasNext() {
      return false;
    }
  };

  static public <A> CloseableIterableIterator<A> emptyCloseableIterableIterator() {
    return emptyCloseableIterableIterator_instance;
  }

  static public boolean ewic(String a, String b) {
    return endsWithIgnoreCase(a, b);
  }

  static public boolean ewic(String a, String b, Matches m) {
    return endsWithIgnoreCase(a, b, m);
  }

  static public CloseableIterableIterator<String> linesFromReader(Reader r) {
    final BufferedReader br = bufferedReader(r);
    return iteratorFromFunction_f0_autoCloseable(new F0<String>() {

      public String get() {
        try {
          return readLineFromReaderWithClose(br);
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "ret readLineFromReaderWithClose(br);";
      }
    }, _wrapIOCloseable(r));
  }

  static public BufferedReader utf8bufferedReader(InputStream in) {
    try {
      return bufferedReader(_registerIOWrap(new InputStreamReader(in, "UTF-8"), in));
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public BufferedReader utf8bufferedReader(File f) {
    try {
      return utf8bufferedReader(newFileInputStream(f));
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public GZIPInputStream newGZIPInputStream(File f) {
    return gzInputStream(f);
  }

  static public GZIPInputStream newGZIPInputStream(InputStream in) {
    return gzInputStream(in);
  }

  static public File newFile(File base, String... names) {
    for (String name : names) base = new File(base, name);
    return base;
  }

  static public File newFile(String name) {
    return name == null ? null : new File(name);
  }

  static public File newFile(String base, String... names) {
    return newFile(newFile(base), names);
  }

  static public int toInt(Object o) {
    if (o == null)
      return 0;
    if (o instanceof Number)
      return ((Number) o).intValue();
    if (o instanceof String)
      return parseInt(((String) o));
    if (o instanceof Boolean)
      return boolToInt(((Boolean) o));
    throw fail("woot not int: " + getClassName(o));
  }

  static public int toInt(long l) {
    if (l != (int) l)
      throw fail("Too large for int: " + l);
    return (int) l;
  }

  static public <A> List<A> newSubList(List<A> l, int startIndex, int endIndex) {
    return cloneList(subList(l, startIndex, endIndex));
  }

  static public <A> List<A> newSubList(List<A> l, int startIndex) {
    return cloneList(subList(l, startIndex));
  }

  static public <A> Iterator<A> iterator(Iterable<A> c) {
    return c == null ? emptyIterator() : c.iterator();
  }

  static public RuntimeException unimplemented() {
    throw fail("TODO");
  }

  static public Object quickExport(Object o, Object dest) {
    return quickExport_impl(o, dest, new IdentityHashMap(), new HashMap());
  }

  static public Object quickExport(Object o, Object dest, int expectedNumberOfObjects) {
    return quickExport_impl(o, dest, new IdentityHashMap(expectedNumberOfObjects), new HashMap());
  }

  static public Object quickExport_impl(Object o, Object dest, IdentityHashMap seen, HashMap<Class, Class> classMap) {
    try {
      if (o == null || o instanceof String || o instanceof Number)
        return o;
      Object oo = seen.get(o);
      if (oo != null)
        return oo;
      if (o instanceof Object[]) {
        Object[] l = (Object[]) o;
        Object[] destO = newObjectArrayOfSameType(l, l.length);
        seen.put(o, destO);
        for (int i = 0; i < l.length; i++) destO[i] = quickExport_impl(l[i], dest, seen, classMap);
        return destO;
      }
      if (o instanceof List) {
        List l = (List) o;
        List destO = new ArrayList(l.size());
        seen.put(o, destO);
        for (int i = 0; i < l.size(); i++) destO.add(quickExport_impl(l.get(i), dest, seen, classMap));
        return destO;
      }
      if (o instanceof Map) {
        Map m = (Map) o;
        Map destO = new HashMap();
        seen.put(o, destO);
        for (Object e : ((Map) o).entrySet()) destO.put(quickExport_impl(((Map.Entry) e).getKey(), dest, seen, classMap), quickExport_impl(((Map.Entry) e).getValue(), dest, seen, classMap));
        return destO;
      }
      Class c = o.getClass();
      String className = c.getName();
      className = loadableUtilsClassNameToMain(className);
      if (className.startsWith("main$")) {
        Class destClass = classMap.get(c);
        if (destClass == null) {
          if (!classMap.containsKey(c)) {
            if (!isAnonymousClassName(className))
              destClass = getClass_vmName_withLoadableUtils(dest, className);
            classMap.put(c, destClass);
          }
          if (destClass == null)
            return o;
        }
        if (c == destClass)
          return o;
        Object destO = nuObjectWithoutArguments(destClass);
        seen.put(o, destO);
        while (c != Object.class) {
          Field[] fields = c.getDeclaredFields();
          for (Field field : fields) {
            if ((field.getModifiers() & Modifier.STATIC) != 0)
              continue;
            field.setAccessible(true);
            Object value = field.get(o);
            setOpt(destO, field.getName(), quickExport_impl(value, dest, seen, classMap));
          }
          c = c.getSuperclass();
        }
        return destO;
      }
      return o;
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public AutoCloseable dm_enter(Object mod) {
    return (AutoCloseable) callOpt(dm_getModule(mod), "enter");
  }

  static public TreeSet<String> toCaseInsensitiveSet_treeSet(Iterable<String> c) {
    if (isCISet(c))
      return (TreeSet) c;
    TreeSet<String> set = caseInsensitiveSet_treeSet();
    addAll(set, c);
    return set;
  }

  static public TreeSet<String> toCaseInsensitiveSet_treeSet(String... x) {
    TreeSet<String> set = caseInsensitiveSet_treeSet();
    addAll(set, x);
    return set;
  }

  static public boolean domainIsUnder(String domain, String mainDomain) {
    return eqic(domain, mainDomain) || ewic(domain, "." + mainDomain);
  }

  static public String theAGIBlueDomain() {
    return "agi.blue";
  }

  static public long parseLong(String s) {
    if (empty(s))
      return 0;
    return Long.parseLong(dropSuffix("L", s));
  }

  static public long parseLong(Object s) {
    return Long.parseLong((String) s);
  }

  static public Object vm_generalMap_get(Object key) {
    return vm_generalMap().get(key);
  }

  static public WeakReference<Object> creator_class;

  static public Object creator() {
    return creator_class == null ? null : creator_class.get();
  }

  static public boolean isJavaIdentifier(String s) {
    if (empty(s) || !Character.isJavaIdentifierStart(s.charAt(0)))
      return false;
    for (int i = 1; i < s.length(); i++) if (!Character.isJavaIdentifierPart(s.charAt(i)))
      return false;
    return true;
  }

  static public Object vmBus_query(String msg, Object... args) {
    Object arg = vmBus_wrapArgs(args);
    {
      Object __1 = pcallFAll_returnFirstNotNull(vm_busListeners_live(), msg, arg);
      if (__1 != null)
        return __1;
    }
    return pcallFAll_returnFirstNotNull(vm_busListenersByMessage_live().get(msg), msg, arg);
  }

  static public Object vmBus_query(String msg) {
    return vmBus_query(msg, (Object) null);
  }

  static public String assertIdentifier(String s) {
    return assertIsIdentifier(s);
  }

  static public String assertIdentifier(String msg, String s) {
    return assertIsIdentifier(msg, s);
  }

  static public Object dm_resolveModule(Object moduleOrStem) {
    return dm_callOS("resolveModule", moduleOrStem);
  }

  static public boolean endsWithIgnoreCase(String a, String b) {
    int la = l(a), lb = l(b);
    return la >= lb && regionMatchesIC(a, la - lb, b, 0, lb);
  }

  static public boolean endsWithIgnoreCase(String a, String b, Matches m) {
    if (!endsWithIgnoreCase(a, b))
      return false;
    m.m = new String[] { substring(a, 0, l(a) - l(b)) };
    return true;
  }

  static public BufferedReader bufferedReader(Reader r) {
    return r instanceof BufferedReader ? (BufferedReader) r : _registerIOWrap(new BufferedReader(r), r);
  }

  static public <A> CloseableIterableIterator<A> iteratorFromFunction_f0_autoCloseable(final F0<A> f, final AutoCloseable closeable) {
    class IFF2 extends CloseableIterableIterator<A> {

      public A a;

      public boolean done = false;

      public boolean hasNext() {
        getNext();
        return !done;
      }

      public A next() {
        getNext();
        if (done)
          throw fail();
        A _a = a;
        a = null;
        return _a;
      }

      public void getNext() {
        if (done || a != null)
          return;
        a = f.get();
        done = a == null;
      }

      public void close() throws Exception {
        if (closeable != null)
          closeable.close();
      }
    }
    ;
    return new IFF2();
  }

  static public String readLineFromReaderWithClose(BufferedReader r) {
    try {
      String s = r.readLine();
      if (s == null)
        r.close();
      return s;
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public AutoCloseable _wrapIOCloseable(final AutoCloseable c) {
    return c == null ? null : new AutoCloseable() {

      public String toString() {
        return "c.close();\r\n    _registerIO(c, null, false);";
      }

      public void close() throws Exception {
        c.close();
        _registerIO(c, null, false);
      }
    };
  }

  static public <A> A _registerIOWrap(A wrapper, Object wrapped) {
    return wrapper;
  }

  static public FileInputStream newFileInputStream(File path) throws IOException {
    return newFileInputStream(path.getPath());
  }

  static public FileInputStream newFileInputStream(String path) throws IOException {
    FileInputStream f = new FileInputStream(path);
    _registerIO(f, path, true);
    return f;
  }

  static public int gzInputStream_defaultBufferSize = 65536;

  static public GZIPInputStream gzInputStream(File f) {
    try {
      return gzInputStream(new FileInputStream(f));
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public GZIPInputStream gzInputStream(File f, int bufferSize) {
    try {
      return gzInputStream(new FileInputStream(f), bufferSize);
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public GZIPInputStream gzInputStream(InputStream in) {
    return gzInputStream(in, gzInputStream_defaultBufferSize);
  }

  static public GZIPInputStream gzInputStream(InputStream in, int bufferSize) {
    try {
      return _registerIOWrap(new GZIPInputStream(in, gzInputStream_defaultBufferSize), in);
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public int parseInt(String s) {
    return emptyString(s) ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(s);
  }

  static public int parseInt(char c) {
    return Integer.parseInt(str(c));
  }

  static public int boolToInt(boolean b) {
    return b ? 1 : 0;
  }

  static public Iterator emptyIterator() {
    return Collections.emptyIterator();
  }

  static public <A> A[] newObjectArrayOfSameType(A[] a, int n) {
    return (A[]) Array.newInstance(a.getClass().getComponentType(), n);
  }

  static public String loadableUtilsClassNameToMain(String className) {
    String c = dropPrefixOrNull("loadableUtils.utils$", className);
    if (c != null)
      return "main$" + c;
    return className;
  }

  static public boolean isAnonymousClassName(String s) {
    for (int i = 0; i < l(s); i++) if (s.charAt(i) == '$' && Character.isDigit(s.charAt(i + 1)))
      return true;
    return false;
  }

  static public Class getClass_vmName_withLoadableUtils(Object realm, String name) {
    try {
      ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader(realm);
      Class c = loadClassFromClassLoader_orNull(cl, name);
      if (c == null && name.startsWith("main$"))
        return loadClassFromClassLoader_orNull(cl, "loadableUtils.utils" + substring(name, 4));
      return c;
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public Map<Class, Constructor> nuObjectWithoutArguments_cache = newDangerousWeakHashMap();

  static public Object nuObjectWithoutArguments(String className) {
    try {
      return nuObjectWithoutArguments(classForName(className));
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public <A> A nuObjectWithoutArguments(Class<A> c) {
    try {
      if (nuObjectWithoutArguments_cache == null)
        return (A) nuObjectWithoutArguments_findConstructor(c).newInstance();
      Constructor m = nuObjectWithoutArguments_cache.get(c);
      if (m == null)
        nuObjectWithoutArguments_cache.put(c, m = nuObjectWithoutArguments_findConstructor(c));
      return (A) m.newInstance();
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public Constructor nuObjectWithoutArguments_findConstructor(Class c) {
    for (Constructor m : c.getDeclaredConstructors()) if (empty(m.getParameterTypes())) {
      makeAccessible(m);
      return m;
    }
    throw fail("No default constructor found in " + c.getName());
  }

  static public boolean isCISet(Iterable<String> l) {
    return l instanceof TreeSet && ((TreeSet) l).comparator() == caseInsensitiveComparator();
  }

  static public boolean eqic(String a, String b) {
    if ((a == null) != (b == null))
      return false;
    if (a == null)
      return true;
    return a.equalsIgnoreCase(b);
  }

  static public boolean eqic(char a, char b) {
    if (a == b)
      return true;
    char u1 = Character.toUpperCase(a);
    char u2 = Character.toUpperCase(b);
    if (u1 == u2)
      return true;
    return Character.toLowerCase(u1) == Character.toLowerCase(u2);
  }

  static public Map vm_generalMap_map;

  static public Map vm_generalMap() {
    if (vm_generalMap_map == null)
      vm_generalMap_map = (Map) get(javax(), "generalMap");
    return vm_generalMap_map;
  }

  static public Object vmBus_wrapArgs(Object... args) {
    return empty(args) ? null : l(args) == 1 ? args[0] : args;
  }

  static public Object pcallFAll_returnFirstNotNull(Collection l, Object... args) {
    if (l != null)
      for (Object f : cloneList(l)) {
        Object __1 = pcallF(f, args);
        if (__1 != null)
          return __1;
      }
    return null;
  }

  static public Object pcallFAll_returnFirstNotNull(Iterator it, Object... args) {
    while (it.hasNext()) {
      Object __2 = pcallF(it.next(), args);
      if (__2 != null)
        return __2;
    }
    return null;
  }

  static public Set vm_busListeners_live_cache;

  static public Set vm_busListeners_live() {
    if (vm_busListeners_live_cache == null)
      vm_busListeners_live_cache = vm_busListeners_live_load();
    return vm_busListeners_live_cache;
  }

  static public Set vm_busListeners_live_load() {
    return vm_generalIdentityHashSet("busListeners");
  }

  static public Map<String, Set> vm_busListenersByMessage_live_cache;

  static public Map<String, Set> vm_busListenersByMessage_live() {
    if (vm_busListenersByMessage_live_cache == null)
      vm_busListenersByMessage_live_cache = vm_busListenersByMessage_live_load();
    return vm_busListenersByMessage_live_cache;
  }

  static public Map<String, Set> vm_busListenersByMessage_live_load() {
    return vm_generalHashMap("busListenersByMessage");
  }

  static public String assertIsIdentifier(String s) {
    if (!isIdentifier(s))
      throw fail("Not an identifier: " + quote(s));
    return s;
  }

  static public String assertIsIdentifier(String msg, String s) {
    if (!isIdentifier(s))
      throw fail(msg + " - Not an identifier: " + quote(s));
    return s;
  }

  static public boolean regionMatchesIC(String a, int offsetA, String b, int offsetB, int len) {
    return a != null && a.regionMatches(true, offsetA, b, offsetB, len);
  }

  static public void _registerIO(Object object, String path, boolean opened) {
  }

  static public boolean emptyString(String s) {
    return s == null || s.length() == 0;
  }

  static public String dropPrefixOrNull(String prefix, String s) {
    return s != null && s.startsWith(prefix) ? s.substring(l(prefix)) : null;
  }

  static public ClassLoader getClassLoader(Object o) {
    return o == null ? null : _getClass(o).getClassLoader();
  }

  static public Class loadClassFromClassLoader_orNull(ClassLoader cl, String name) {
    try {
      return cl == null ? null : cl.loadClass(name);
    } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
      return null;
    }
  }

  static public Map<String, Class> classForName_cache = synchroHashMap();

  static public Class classForName(String name) {
    try {
      if (classForName_cache == null)
        return Class.forName(name);
      Class c = classForName_cache.get(name);
      if (c == null)
        classForName_cache.put(name, c = Class.forName(name));
      return c;
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public Field makeAccessible(Field f) {
    try {
      f.setAccessible(true);
    } catch (Throwable e) {
      vmBus_send("makeAccessible_error", e, f);
    }
    return f;
  }

  static public Method makeAccessible(Method m) {
    try {
      m.setAccessible(true);
    } catch (Throwable e) {
      vmBus_send("makeAccessible_error", e, m);
    }
    return m;
  }

  static public Constructor makeAccessible(Constructor c) {
    try {
      c.setAccessible(true);
    } catch (Throwable e) {
      vmBus_send("makeAccessible_error", e, c);
    }
    return c;
  }

  static public String asString(Object o) {
    return o == null ? null : o.toString();
  }

  static public Object pcallF(Object f, Object... args) {
    return pcallFunction(f, args);
  }

  static public <A> A pcallF(F0<A> f) {
    try {
      return f == null ? null : f.get();
    } catch (Throwable __e) {
      return null;
    }
  }

  static public <A, B> B pcallF(F1<A, B> f, A a) {
    try {
      return f == null ? null : f.get(a);
    } catch (Throwable __e) {
      return null;
    }
  }

  static public <A> void pcallF(VF1<A> f, A a) {
    try {
      if (f != null)
        f.get(a);
    } catch (Throwable __e) {
      _handleException(__e);
    }
  }

  static public String quote(Object o) {
    if (o == null)
      return "null";
    return quote(str(o));
  }

  static public String quote(String s) {
    if (s == null)
      return "null";
    StringBuilder out = new StringBuilder((int) (l(s) * 1.5 + 2));
    quote_impl(s, out);
    return out.toString();
  }

  static public void quote_impl(String s, StringBuilder out) {
    out.append('"');
    int l = s.length();
    for (int i = 0; i < l; i++) {
      char c = s.charAt(i);
      if (c == '\\' || c == '"')
        out.append('\\').append(c);
      else if (c == '\r')
        out.append("\\r");
      else if (c == '\n')
        out.append("\\n");
      else if (c == '\0')
        out.append("\\0");
      else
        out.append(c);
    }
    out.append('"');
  }

  static public Class<?> _getClass(String name) {
    try {
      return Class.forName(name);
    } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
      return null;
    }
  }

  static public Class _getClass(Object o) {
    return o == null ? null : o instanceof Class ? (Class) o : o.getClass();
  }

  static public Class _getClass(Object realm, String name) {
    try {
      return getClass(realm).getClassLoader().loadClass(classNameToVM(name));
    } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
      return null;
    }
  }

  static public Map synchroHashMap() {
    return Collections.synchronizedMap(new HashMap());
  }

  static public void vmBus_send(String msg, Object... args) {
    Object arg = vmBus_wrapArgs(args);
    pcallFAll(vm_busListeners_live(), msg, arg);
    pcallFAll(vm_busListenersByMessage_live().get(msg), msg, arg);
  }

  static public void vmBus_send(String msg) {
    vmBus_send(msg, (Object) null);
  }

  static public Object pcallFunction(Object f, Object... args) {
    try {
      return callFunction(f, args);
    } catch (Throwable __e) {
      _handleException(__e);
    }
    return null;
  }

  static public Class<?> getClass(String name) {
    try {
      return Class.forName(name);
    } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
      return null;
    }
  }

  static public Class getClass(Object o) {
    return o instanceof Class ? (Class) o : o.getClass();
  }

  static public Class getClass(Object realm, String name) {
    try {
      try {
        return getClass(realm).getClassLoader().loadClass(classNameToVM(name));
      } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
        return null;
      }
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public String classNameToVM(String name) {
    return name.replace(".", "$");
  }

  static public void pcallFAll(Collection l, Object... args) {
    if (l != null)
      for (Object f : cloneList(l)) pcallF(f, args);
  }

  static public void pcallFAll(Iterator it, Object... args) {
    while (it.hasNext()) pcallF(it.next(), args);
  }

  static public Object callFunction(Object f, Object... args) {
    return callF(f, args);
  }

  final static public class _MethodCache {

    final public Class c;

    final public HashMap<String, List<Method>> cache = new HashMap();

    public _MethodCache(Class c) {
      this.c = c;
      _init();
    }

    public void _init() {
      Class _c = c;
      while (_c != null) {
        for (Method m : _c.getDeclaredMethods()) if (!reflection_isForbiddenMethod(m))
          multiMapPut(cache, m.getName(), makeAccessible(m));
        _c = _c.getSuperclass();
      }
      for (Class intf : allInterfacesImplementedBy(c)) for (Method m : intf.getDeclaredMethods()) if (m.isDefault() && !reflection_isForbiddenMethod(m))
        multiMapPut(cache, m.getName(), makeAccessible(m));
    }

    public Method findMethod(String method, Object[] args) {
      try {
        List<Method> m = cache.get(method);
        if (m == null)
          return null;
        int n = m.size();
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
          Method me = m.get(i);
          if (call_checkArgs(me, args, false))
            return me;
        }
        return null;
      } catch (Exception __e) {
        throw rethrow(__e);
      }
    }

    public Method findStaticMethod(String method, Object[] args) {
      try {
        List<Method> m = cache.get(method);
        if (m == null)
          return null;
        int n = m.size();
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
          Method me = m.get(i);
          if (isStaticMethod(me) && call_checkArgs(me, args, false))
            return me;
        }
        return null;
      } catch (Exception __e) {
        throw rethrow(__e);
      }
    }
  }

  static public class MultiMap<A, B> {

    public Map<A, List<B>> data = new HashMap<A, List<B>>();

    public MultiMap() {
    }

    public MultiMap(boolean useTreeMap) {
      if (useTreeMap)
        data = new TreeMap();
    }

    public MultiMap(MultiMap<A, B> map) {
      putAll(map);
    }

    public MultiMap(Map<A, List<B>> data) {
      this.data = data;
    }

    public void put(A key, B value) {
      synchronized (data) {
        List<B> list = data.get(key);
        if (list == null)
          data.put(key, list = _makeEmptyList());
        list.add(value);
      }
    }

    public void add(A key, B value) {
      put(key, value);
    }

    public void addAll(A key, Collection<B> values) {
      putAll(key, values);
    }

    public void addAllIfNotThere(A key, Collection<B> values) {
      synchronized (data) {
        for (B value : values) setPut(key, value);
      }
    }

    public void setPut(A key, B value) {
      synchronized (data) {
        if (!containsPair(key, value))
          put(key, value);
      }
    }

    public boolean containsPair(A key, B value) {
      synchronized (data) {
        return get(key).contains(value);
      }
    }

    public void putAll(A key, Collection<B> values) {
      synchronized (data) {
        if (nempty(values))
          getActual(key).addAll(values);
      }
    }

    public void removeAll(A key, Collection<B> values) {
      synchronized (data) {
        for (B value : values) remove(key, value);
      }
    }

    public List<B> get(A key) {
      synchronized (data) {
        List<B> list = data.get(key);
        return list == null ? Collections.<B>emptyList() : list;
      }
    }

    public List<B> getActual(A key) {
      synchronized (data) {
        List<B> list = data.get(key);
        if (list == null)
          data.put(key, list = _makeEmptyList());
        return list;
      }
    }

    public void clean(A key) {
      synchronized (data) {
        List<B> list = data.get(key);
        if (list != null && list.isEmpty())
          data.remove(key);
      }
    }

    public Set<A> keySet() {
      synchronized (data) {
        return data.keySet();
      }
    }

    public Set<A> keys() {
      synchronized (data) {
        return data.keySet();
      }
    }

    public void remove(A key) {
      synchronized (data) {
        data.remove(key);
      }
    }

    public void remove(A key, B value) {
      synchronized (data) {
        List<B> list = data.get(key);
        if (list != null) {
          list.remove(value);
          if (list.isEmpty())
            data.remove(key);
        }
      }
    }

    public void clear() {
      synchronized (data) {
        data.clear();
      }
    }

    public boolean containsKey(A key) {
      synchronized (data) {
        return data.containsKey(key);
      }
    }

    public B getFirst(A key) {
      synchronized (data) {
        List<B> list = get(key);
        return list.isEmpty() ? null : list.get(0);
      }
    }

    public void addAll(MultiMap<A, B> map) {
      putAll(map);
    }

    public void putAll(MultiMap<A, B> map) {
      synchronized (data) {
        for (A key : map.keySet()) putAll(key, map.get(key));
      }
    }

    public void putAll(Map<A, B> map) {
      synchronized (data) {
        if (map != null)
          for (Map.Entry<A, B> e : map.entrySet()) put(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
      }
    }

    public int keysSize() {
      synchronized (data) {
        return l(data);
      }
    }

    public int size() {
      synchronized (data) {
        int n = 0;
        for (List l : data.values()) n += l(l);
        return n;
      }
    }

    public List<A> reverseGet(B b) {
      synchronized (data) {
        List<A> l = new ArrayList();
        for (A key : data.keySet()) if (data.get(key).contains(b))
          l.add(key);
        return l;
      }
    }

    public Map<A, List<B>> asMap() {
      synchronized (data) {
        return cloneMap(data);
      }
    }

    public boolean isEmpty() {
      synchronized (data) {
        return data.isEmpty();
      }
    }

    public List<B> _makeEmptyList() {
      return new ArrayList();
    }

    public Collection<List<B>> allLists() {
      synchronized (data) {
        return new ArrayList(data.values());
      }
    }

    public List<B> allValues() {
      return concatLists(values(data));
    }

    public Object mutex() {
      return data;
    }

    public String toString() {
      return "mm" + str(data);
    }
  }

  static abstract public class CloseableIterableIterator<A> extends IterableIterator<A> implements AutoCloseable {

    public void close() throws Exception {
    }
  }

  static public interface IF2<A, B, C> {

    public C get(A a, B b);
  }

  static abstract public class IterableIterator<A> implements Iterator<A>, Iterable<A> {

    public Iterator<A> iterator() {
      return this;
    }

    public void remove() {
      unsupportedOperation();
    }
  }

  static public class Dyn_FieldWatcher {

    public DynModule module;

    public String field;

    public Object value;

    public Runnable action;

    public Dyn_FieldWatcher(DynModule module, String field, Runnable action) {
      this.action = action;
      this.field = field;
      this.module = module;
      value = get(module, field);
      module.onChange(new Runnable() {

        public void run() {
          try {
            check();
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "check();";
        }
      });
      module.onFieldChange(new VF1<String>() {

        public void get(String f) {
          try {
            if (eq(f, field))
              check();
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "if (eq(f, field))\r\n        check();";
        }
      });
    }

    public void check() {
      Object newValue = get(module, field);
      if (eq(value, newValue))
        return;
      value = newValue;
      dm_q(module, action);
    }
  }

  static public class PhilosophyBot1 {

    static public class LogicRule implements IFieldsToList, Transformable {

      public Object lhs;

      public Object rhs;

      public LogicRule() {
      }

      public LogicRule(Object lhs, Object rhs) {
        this.rhs = rhs;
        this.lhs = lhs;
      }

      public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (!(o instanceof LogicRule))
          return false;
        LogicRule x = (LogicRule) o;
        return eq(lhs, x.lhs) && eq(rhs, x.rhs);
      }

      public int hashCode() {
        int h = 274479962;
        h = boostHashCombine(h, _hashCode(lhs));
        h = boostHashCombine(h, _hashCode(rhs));
        return h;
      }

      public Object[] _fieldsToList() {
        return new Object[] { lhs, rhs };
      }

      public Object transformUsing(IF1 f) {
        return new LogicRule(f.get(lhs), f.get(rhs));
      }

      public int n;

      public Object trail;

      public String toString() {
        return (n == 0 ? "" : "[" + n + "] ") + lhs + " => " + rhs;
      }
    }

    static public class And implements IFieldsToList, Transformable {

      public Object a;

      public Object b;

      public And() {
      }

      public And(Object a, Object b) {
        this.b = b;
        this.a = a;
      }

      public String toString() {
        return shortClassName(this) + "(" + a + ", " + b + ")";
      }

      public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (!(o instanceof And))
          return false;
        And x = (And) o;
        return eq(a, x.a) && eq(b, x.b);
      }

      public int hashCode() {
        int h = 65975;
        h = boostHashCombine(h, _hashCode(a));
        h = boostHashCombine(h, _hashCode(b));
        return h;
      }

      public Object[] _fieldsToList() {
        return new Object[] { a, b };
      }

      public Object transformUsing(IF1 f) {
        return new And(f.get(a), f.get(b));
      }
    }

    static public class If implements IFieldsToList, Transformable {

      public Object condition;

      public Object thenBlock;

      public Object elseBlock;

      public If() {
      }

      public If(Object condition, Object thenBlock, Object elseBlock) {
        this.elseBlock = elseBlock;
        this.thenBlock = thenBlock;
        this.condition = condition;
      }

      public String toString() {
        return shortClassName(this) + "(" + condition + ", " + thenBlock + ", " + elseBlock + ")";
      }

      public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (!(o instanceof If))
          return false;
        If x = (If) o;
        return eq(condition, x.condition) && eq(thenBlock, x.thenBlock) && eq(elseBlock, x.elseBlock);
      }

      public int hashCode() {
        int h = 2365;
        h = boostHashCombine(h, _hashCode(condition));
        h = boostHashCombine(h, _hashCode(thenBlock));
        h = boostHashCombine(h, _hashCode(elseBlock));
        return h;
      }

      public Object[] _fieldsToList() {
        return new Object[] { condition, thenBlock, elseBlock };
      }

      public Object transformUsing(IF1 f) {
        return new If(f.get(condition), f.get(thenBlock), f.get(elseBlock));
      }
    }

    static public class For implements IFieldsToList, Transformable {

      public Object var;

      public Object condition;

      public Object body;

      public For() {
      }

      public For(Object var, Object condition, Object body) {
        this.body = body;
        this.condition = condition;
        this.var = var;
      }

      public String toString() {
        return shortClassName(this) + "(" + var + ", " + condition + ", " + body + ")";
      }

      public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (!(o instanceof For))
          return false;
        For x = (For) o;
        return eq(var, x.var) && eq(condition, x.condition) && eq(body, x.body);
      }

      public int hashCode() {
        int h = 70825;
        h = boostHashCombine(h, _hashCode(var));
        h = boostHashCombine(h, _hashCode(condition));
        h = boostHashCombine(h, _hashCode(body));
        return h;
      }

      public Object[] _fieldsToList() {
        return new Object[] { var, condition, body };
      }

      public Object transformUsing(IF1 f) {
        return new For(f.get(var), f.get(condition), f.get(body));
      }
    }

    static public class ForIn implements IFieldsToList, Transformable {

      public Object var;

      public Object expr;

      public Object body;

      public ForIn() {
      }

      public ForIn(Object var, Object expr, Object body) {
        this.body = body;
        this.expr = expr;
        this.var = var;
      }

      public String toString() {
        return shortClassName(this) + "(" + var + ", " + expr + ", " + body + ")";
      }

      public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (!(o instanceof ForIn))
          return false;
        ForIn x = (ForIn) o;
        return eq(var, x.var) && eq(expr, x.expr) && eq(body, x.body);
      }

      public int hashCode() {
        int h = 68065198;
        h = boostHashCombine(h, _hashCode(var));
        h = boostHashCombine(h, _hashCode(expr));
        h = boostHashCombine(h, _hashCode(body));
        return h;
      }

      public Object[] _fieldsToList() {
        return new Object[] { var, expr, body };
      }

      public Object transformUsing(IF1 f) {
        return new ForIn(f.get(var), f.get(expr), f.get(body));
      }
    }

    static public class While implements IFieldsToList, Transformable {

      public Object condition;

      public Object body;

      public While() {
      }

      public While(Object condition, Object body) {
        this.body = body;
        this.condition = condition;
      }

      public String toString() {
        return shortClassName(this) + "(" + condition + ", " + body + ")";
      }

      public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (!(o instanceof While))
          return false;
        While x = (While) o;
        return eq(condition, x.condition) && eq(body, x.body);
      }

      public int hashCode() {
        int h = 83548945;
        h = boostHashCombine(h, _hashCode(condition));
        h = boostHashCombine(h, _hashCode(body));
        return h;
      }

      public Object[] _fieldsToList() {
        return new Object[] { condition, body };
      }

      public Object transformUsing(IF1 f) {
        return new While(f.get(condition), f.get(body));
      }
    }

    static public class CodeFragment {

      public String head;

      public IVF2<Map<String, String>, Env> body;

      public boolean keepBrackets = false;

      public CodeFragment(String head, IVF2<Map<String, String>, Env> body, boolean keepBrackets) {
        this.keepBrackets = keepBrackets;
        this.body = body;
        this.head = head;
      }

      public CodeFragment(String head, IVF2<Map<String, String>, Env> body) {
        this.body = body;
        this.head = head;
      }

      public String toString() {
        return stdToString(this);
      }
    }

    static public class Env {

      public boolean wantAlternatives = false;

      public boolean wantAlternatives() {
        return wantAlternatives;
      }
    }

    static public class WithAlternative implements IFieldsToList {

      public IF0<Object> alternative;

      public Object result;

      public WithAlternative() {
      }

      public WithAlternative(IF0<Object> alternative, Object result) {
        this.result = result;
        this.alternative = alternative;
      }

      public String toString() {
        return shortClassName(this) + "(" + alternative + ", " + result + ")";
      }

      public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (!(o instanceof WithAlternative))
          return false;
        WithAlternative x = (WithAlternative) o;
        return eq(alternative, x.alternative) && eq(result, x.result);
      }

      public int hashCode() {
        int h = -1195262233;
        h = boostHashCombine(h, _hashCode(alternative));
        h = boostHashCombine(h, _hashCode(result));
        return h;
      }

      public Object[] _fieldsToList() {
        return new Object[] { alternative, result };
      }
    }

    static public class NativePredicate implements IFieldsToList {

      static final public String _fieldOrder = "head body";

      public String head;

      public IF2<Map<String, String>, Env, Object> body;

      public NativePredicate() {
      }

      public NativePredicate(String head, IF2<Map<String, String>, Env, Object> body) {
        this.body = body;
        this.head = head;
      }

      public String toString() {
        return shortClassName(this) + "(" + head + ", " + body + ")";
      }

      public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (!(o instanceof NativePredicate))
          return false;
        NativePredicate x = (NativePredicate) o;
        return eq(head, x.head) && eq(body, x.body);
      }

      public int hashCode() {
        int h = 1520196416;
        h = boostHashCombine(h, _hashCode(head));
        h = boostHashCombine(h, _hashCode(body));
        return h;
      }

      public Object[] _fieldsToList() {
        return new Object[] { head, body };
      }
    }

    static public class TTransformed implements IFieldsToList {

      public String fact;

      public IF1<String, String> transformer;

      public TTransformed() {
      }

      public TTransformed(String fact, IF1<String, String> transformer) {
        this.transformer = transformer;
        this.fact = fact;
      }

      public String toString() {
        return shortClassName(this) + "(" + fact + ", " + transformer + ")";
      }

      public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (!(o instanceof TTransformed))
          return false;
        TTransformed x = (TTransformed) o;
        return eq(fact, x.fact) && eq(transformer, x.transformer);
      }

      public int hashCode() {
        int h = 1921333271;
        h = boostHashCombine(h, _hashCode(fact));
        h = boostHashCombine(h, _hashCode(transformer));
        return h;
      }

      public Object[] _fieldsToList() {
        return new Object[] { fact, transformer };
      }
    }

    transient public String program;

    transient public boolean programLoaded = false;

    transient public int maxRounds = 1000;

    transient public int maxFacts = 1000;

    transient public Set<String> facts = syncLinkedCISet();

    transient public Set<String> originalFacts = ciSet();

    transient public LinkedHashSet<LogicRule> logicRules = new LinkedHashSet();

    transient public AllOnAll<LogicRule, String> rulesOnFacts = new AllOnAll();

    transient public AllOnAll<CodeFragment, String> codeOnFacts = new AllOnAll();

    transient public AllOnAll<IVF1<String>, String> anyCodeOnFacts = new AllOnAll();

    transient public List<List> proceduresToRun = new ArrayList();

    transient public long proceduresExecuted;

    transient public List<NativePredicate> nativePredicates = new ArrayList();

    transient public boolean debugNativeCalls = true, debugAllCmds = true;

    transient public boolean verbose = true;

    transient public boolean printStackTraces = false;

    transient public List onProcedureEnded = new ArrayList();

    transient public List<IVF1<LogicRule>> onLogicRuleAdded = new ArrayList();

    transient public List<IVF1<String>> onFactAdded = new ArrayList();

    transient public boolean printNonMatches, debugContradictionChecks;

    transient public boolean standardImportsLoaded = false;

    transient public boolean curryAllRules = true;

    transient public int logicRulesCounter;

    transient public boolean thoughtBegun = false;

    transient public boolean printFactsAfterThinking = true;

    transient public boolean noteSimplificationsAsFacts = false;

    transient public boolean parsing = false;

    transient public List<IF1<LogicRule, Boolean>> logicRulePreprocessors = new ArrayList();

    transient public List<IF1<String, Boolean>> factPreprocessors = new ArrayList();

    transient public List<Runnable> extraLogicOperations = new ArrayList();

    transient public Set<String> vars = litciset("x", "y", "z");

    transient public Map<String, String> deepReplacements;

    transient public List<IF1<String, String>> deepTransformers;

    transient public List<IF1<String, WithTrail<String>>> trailEnabledDeepTransformers;

    transient public Map<String, Object> trails;

    public Map extensions;

    public PhilosophyBot1() {
      anyCodeOnFacts.newA(fact -> {
        Boolean b = checkNativeCondition(fact);
        if (debugContradictionChecks)
          print("Fact check: " + b + " - " + fact);
        if (isFalse(b))
          addFactWithTrail("contradiction", trails == null ? null : fact);
      });
      _standardHandlers();
    }

    public PhilosophyBot1(String program) {
      this();
      this.program = program;
    }

    public void addRule(String s) {
      Pair<String, String> p = splitAtFirstDoubleArrow(javaTokWithBrackets(s));
      if (p == null)
        if (verbose)
          print("addRule failed: " + s);
      addLogicRuleWithTrail(new LogicRule(splitAtAmpersand2(p.a), p.b), litorderedmap("op", "addRule", "s", s));
    }

    public void addRules(Iterable<String> l) {
      for (String s : unnull(l)) addRule(s);
    }

    public Object splitRuleRHS(Object rhs) {
      if (rhs instanceof String) {
        Pair<String, String> p = splitAtFirstDoubleArrow(javaTokWithBrackets(((String) rhs)));
        if (p != null)
          return splitRuleRHS(new LogicRule(splitAtAmpersand2(p.a), splitRuleRHS(p.b)));
        return splitAtAmpersand2(((String) rhs));
      }
      return rhs;
    }

    public LogicRule curryLHS(LogicRule rule) {
      while (licensed()) {
        Object lhs = rule.lhs;
        if (lhs instanceof And) {
          Object a = ((And) lhs).a;
          Object b = ((And) lhs).b;
          LogicRule r = rule;
          rule = new LogicRule(a, new LogicRule(b, rule.rhs));
          rule.trail = r.trail;
        } else
          break;
      }
      return rule;
    }

    public void addLogicRuleWithTrail(LogicRule rule, Object trail) {
      rule.trail = trail;
      addLogicRule(rule);
    }

    public void addLogicRule(LogicRule rule, String originalText) {
      addLogicRuleWithTrail(rule, originalText);
    }

    public void addLogicRule(LogicRule rule) {
      rule.rhs = splitRuleRHS(rule.rhs);
      if (curryAllRules)
        rule = curryLHS(rule);
      for (IF1<LogicRule, Boolean> p : logicRulePreprocessors) if (p.get(rule))
        return;
      rule.n = ++logicRulesCounter;
      if (printStackTraces)
        printStackTrace(str(rule));
      if (trails != null && rule.trail == null)
        if (parsing)
          rule.trail = "initial rule";
        else
          throw fail("No trail for rule: " + rule);
      Boolean b = checkConditionOpt(rule.lhs);
      if (isFalse(b))
        return;
      if (isTrue(b))
        addRewrittenRHS(rule.rhs, rule);
      if (syncAdd(logicRules, rule)) {
        if (verbose)
          print("Got logic rule", rule);
        pcallFAll(onLogicRuleAdded, rule);
        rulesOnFacts.newA(rule);
      }
    }

    public void addFacts(Iterable<String> l) {
      for (String fact : unnull(l)) addFact(fact);
    }

    public void addFactWithTrail(WithTrail<String> fact) {
      if (fact != null)
        addFactWithTrail(fact.get(), fact.trail);
    }

    public void addFactWithTrail(String fact, Object trail) {
      String cleaned = addFact(fact);
      setTrail(cleaned, trail);
    }

    public void setTrail(String fact, Object trail) {
      mapPut(trails, fact, trail);
    }

    public String addFact(String fact) {
      ping();
      fact = trim(fact);
      if (empty(fact))
        return null;
      if (l(facts) >= maxFacts)
        return null;
      fact = tok_deRoundBracket(fact);
      if (printStackTraces)
        printStackTrace("Adding fact: " + fact);
      if (parsing && getTrail(fact) == null)
        setTrail(fact, "initial fact");
      for (IF1<String, Boolean> p : factPreprocessors) if (p.get(fact))
        return null;
      List<String> tok = mainTokenize(fact);
      if (countCodeTokens(tok) == 2 && firstTokenEqic(tok, "proc") && isCurlyBracketed(getCodeToken(tok, 1))) {
        try {
          String proc = uncurly_keepSpaces(getCodeToken(tok, 1));
          if (proceduresToRun.add(parseProcedure(proc))) {
            if (verbose)
              print("Got procedure:");
            if (verbose)
              print(indentx("> ", proc));
          }
        } catch (Throwable __e) {
          _handleException(__e);
        }
      } else if (facts.add(fact)) {
        if (verbose)
          print("Got fact: " + fact);
        pcallFAll(onFactAdded, fact);
        rulesOnFacts.newB(fact);
        codeOnFacts.newB(fact);
        anyCodeOnFacts.newB(fact);
      }
      return fact;
    }

    public void addRewrittenRHS(Object o, Object trail) {
      if (o instanceof LogicRule)
        addLogicRuleWithTrail(((LogicRule) o), trail);
      else if (o instanceof And) {
        Object a = ((And) o).a;
        Object b = ((And) o).b;
        addRewrittenRHS(a, o);
        addRewrittenRHS(b, o);
      } else if (o != null)
        addFactWithTrail((String) o, trail);
    }

    public void addFactFromProgram(String fact) {
      if (countJavaTokens(fact) == 0)
        return;
      fact = javaDropAllComments(fact);
      originalFacts.add(fact);
      addFact(fact);
    }

    public void runProcedure(String proc) {
      try {
        if (verbose)
          print("Running procedure.");
        runParsedProcedure(parseProcedure(proc));
      } catch (Throwable __e) {
        _handleException(__e);
      }
    }

    public void runParsedProcedure(List commands) {
      runParsedProcedure(commands, proceduresToRun);
    }

    public void runParsedProcedure(List commands, List<List> whereToPostCode) {
      ++proceduresExecuted;
      Env env = new Env();
      List remainingCommands = cloneLinkedList(commands);
      Object cmd;
      while ((cmd = popFirst_ping(remainingCommands)) != null) {
        if (cmd instanceof List) {
          runParsedProcedure(((List) cmd));
          continue;
        }
        if (cmd instanceof Runnable) {
          ((Runnable) cmd).run();
          continue;
        }
        if (debugAllCmds)
          print("Running cmd: " + sfu(cmd));
        if (cmd instanceof If) {
          Object condition = ((If) cmd).condition;
          Object thenBlock = ((If) cmd).thenBlock;
          Object elseBlock = ((If) cmd).elseBlock;
          Object blockToRun = checkCondition(condition) ? thenBlock : elseBlock;
          runParsedProcedure(ll(blockToRun));
        } else if (cmd instanceof For) {
          Object var = ((For) cmd).var;
          Object condition = ((For) cmd).condition;
          Object body = ((For) cmd).body;
          addLogicRuleWithTrail(new LogicRule(condition, "proc {\n" + body + "\n}"), litorderedmap("op", "for"));
        } else if (cmd instanceof While) {
          Object condition = ((While) cmd).condition;
          Object body = ((While) cmd).body;
          boolean b = checkCondition(condition);
          if (!b)
            continue;
          whereToPostCode.add(ll(body, cmd));
        } else if (cmd instanceof ForIn && ((ForIn) cmd).var instanceof String && ((ForIn) cmd).expr instanceof String) {
          String var = (String) (((ForIn) cmd).var);
          String expr = (String) (((ForIn) cmd).expr);
          Object body = ((ForIn) cmd).body;
          Object result = runNativePredicate(expr, new Env());
          if (!(result instanceof Iterable)) {
            if (verbose)
              print("Warning: result of " + expr + " not iterable (" + shortClassName(result) + ")");
            continue;
          }
          Iterator it = iterator((Iterable) result);
          Runnable step = new Runnable() {

            public void run() {
              try {
                if (!it.hasNext())
                  return;
                String value = str(it.next());
                Map<String, String> map = litcimap(var, value);
                Object body2 = replaceVars(body, map);
                whereToPostCode.add(ll(body2, this));
              } catch (Exception __e) {
                throw rethrow(__e);
              }
            }

            public String toString() {
              return "if (!it.hasNext()) return;\r\n          String value = str(it.next());\r\n       ...";
            }
          };
          step.run();
        } else if (cmd instanceof String) {
          Object result = runNativePredicate(((String) cmd), env);
          if (result != null) {
            result = unpackWithAlternativeOrIterator(result);
            if (isFalse(result))
              return;
            if (isTrueOpt(result))
              continue;
            Map<String, String> mapping = (Map<String, String>) result;
            List remainingCommands2 = mapToLinkedList(remainingCommands, c -> replaceVars(c, mapValues("optRound", mapping)));
            if (verbose)
              print("Applying var mapping " + mapping + " to " + remainingCommands + " => " + remainingCommands2);
            remainingCommands = remainingCommands2;
          } else
            addFact(((String) cmd));
        } else if (cmd != null)
          throw fail("Unimplemented command: " + cmd);
      }
      pcallFAll(onProcedureEnded, commands);
    }

    public Object runNativePredicate(String s, Env env) {
      for (NativePredicate np : nativePredicates) {
        Map<String, String> map = zipIt(np.head, s);
        if (map != null) {
          Object result = np.body.get(mapValues("tok_deRoundBracket", map), env);
          if (debugNativeCalls)
            print("Native predicate result: " + np.head + " => " + result);
          if (result instanceof Map && nempty(map)) {
            result = mapKeys((Map<String, String>) result, var -> lookupOrKeep(map, var));
            if (debugNativeCalls)
              print("Rewrote native predicate result: " + result);
          }
          {
            Object __1 = result;
            if (__1 != null)
              return __1;
          }
        } else if (printNonMatches)
          print("Non-match: " + quote(np.head) + " / " + quote(s));
      }
      return null;
    }

    public boolean checkCondition(Object o) {
      return isTrue(checkConditionOpt(o));
    }

    public Boolean checkConditionOpt(Object o) {
      if (o instanceof String) {
        if (contains(facts, ((String) o)))
          return true;
        {
          Boolean b = checkNativeCondition(((String) o));
          if (b != null)
            return b;
        }
      }
      return null;
    }

    public Boolean checkNativeCondition(String o) {
      Object result = runNativePredicate(o, new Env());
      result = unpackWithAlternativeOrIterator(result);
      if (result instanceof Boolean)
        return ((Boolean) result);
      if (result instanceof Map)
        return true;
      return null;
    }

    public boolean parsePythonesqueProcedure_debug = false;

    public List parsePythonesqueProcedure(String proc) {
      proc = withoutLinesEmptyAfterTrim(proc);
      proc = autoUnindent_honoringBrackets(proc);
      List<String> l = groupPythonStyleIndents_honoringBrackets(proc);
      List out = new ArrayList();
      If lastIf = null;
      for (int i = 0; i < l(l); i++) {
        String s = l.get(i);
        List<String> tok = javaTokWithBrackets(s);
        if (eqic(firstCodeToken(tok), "if")) {
          assertEquals(s, ":", getCodeToken(tok, 2));
          out.add(lastIf = new If(deRoundBracket(getCodeToken(tok, 1)), parsePythonesqueProcedure(joinSubList(tok, 3 * 2)), null));
          continue;
        }
        if (eqic(firstCodeToken(tok), "unless")) {
          assertEquals(s, ":", getCodeToken(tok, 2));
          out.add(lastIf = new If(deRoundBracket(getCodeToken(tok, 1)), null, parsePythonesqueProcedure(joinSubList(tok, 3 * 2))));
          continue;
        }
        if (eqic(firstCodeToken(tok), "while")) {
          assertEquals(s, ":", getCodeToken(tok, 2));
          out.add(new While(deRoundBracket(getCodeToken(tok, 1)), parsePythonesqueProcedure(joinSubList(tok, 3 * 2))));
          continue;
        }
        if (eqic(firstCodeToken(tok), "else") && eqic(secondCodeToken(tok), "if")) {
          Object last = last(out);
          if (lastIf == null)
            throw fail("Else if without if");
          assertEquals(s, ":", getCodeToken(tok, 3));
          lastIf.elseBlock = lastIf = new If(deRoundBracket(getCodeToken(tok, 2)), parsePythonesqueProcedure(joinSubList(tok, 4 * 2)), null);
          continue;
        }
        if (eqic(firstCodeToken(tok), "else")) {
          Object last = last(out);
          if (lastIf == null)
            throw fail("Else without if");
          assertEquals(s, ":", getCodeToken(tok, 1));
          lastIf.elseBlock = joinSubList(tok, 2 * 2);
          continue;
        }
        lastIf = null;
        if (eqic(firstCodeToken(tok), "for")) {
          if (eq(getCodeToken(tok, 2), "in")) {
            int idx = indexOf(tok, ":");
            assertTrue(s, idx >= 0);
            String var = getCodeToken(tok, 1);
            String expr = joinSubList(tok, 3 * 2 + 1, idx - 1);
            Object body = parsePythonesqueProcedure(joinSubList(tok, idx + 1));
            out.add(new ForIn(var, expr, body));
          } else {
            assertEquals(s, ":", getCodeToken(tok, 2));
            String cond = getCodeToken(tok, 1);
            cond = deRoundBracket(cond);
            List<String> tok2 = javaTok(cond);
            assertEquals(cond, "|", getCodeToken(tok2, 1));
            String var = assertIdentifier(cond, getCodeToken(tok2, 0));
            String actualCondition = trimJoinSubList(tok2, 2 * 2 + 1);
            out.add(new For(var, actualCondition, parsePythonesqueProcedure(joinSubList(tok, 3 * 2))));
          }
        } else
          out.add(s);
      }
      if (parsePythonesqueProcedure_debug)
        pnl("Parsed procedure ", out);
      return out;
    }

    public List parseProcedure(String s) {
      return parsePythonesqueProcedure(s);
    }

    public Object splitAtAmpersand2(String s) {
      List<String> l = tok_splitAtAmpersand(s);
      if (l(l) == 1)
        return s;
      return new And(first(l), splitAtAmpersand2(join(" & ", dropFirst(l))));
    }

    public Map<String, String> zipIt(String cond, String fact) {
      Map<String, String> map = zipIt_keepBrackets(cond, fact);
      if (map == null)
        return null;
      return mapValues("tok_deRoundOrCurlyBracket", map);
    }

    public Map<String, String> zipIt_deBracket(String pat, String s) {
      Map<String, String> map = zipIt(pat, s);
      return map == null ? null : mapValues("tok_deRoundOrCurlyBracket", map);
    }

    public Map<String, String> zipIt_keepBrackets(String cond, String fact) {
      Map<String, String> map = gazelle_deepZip_keepBrackets(cond, fact);
      if (map == null)
        return null;
      if (!all(keys(map), s -> isVar(s)))
        return null;
      ;
      return map;
    }

    public boolean isVar(String s) {
      return s != null && (vars.contains(s) || s.startsWith("var_") || isDollarVar(s));
    }

    public Object replaceVars(Object o, Map<String, String> map) {
      if (empty(map))
        return o;
      return transform(x -> replaceVars_base(x, map), o);
    }

    public Object replaceVars_base(Object o, Map<String, String> map) {
      if (o instanceof String)
        return replaceCodeTokensUsingMap(((String) o), map);
      return null;
    }

    public String format(String s, Map<String, String> map) {
      return replaceCodeTokensUsingMap(s, mapValues("optRound", map));
    }

    public Object transform(IF1 f, Object o) {
      if (o == null)
        return null;
      ping();
      {
        Object __2 = f.get(o);
        if (__2 != null)
          return __2;
      }
      if (o instanceof Transformable)
        return ((Transformable) o).transformUsing(x -> transform(f, x));
      if (o instanceof List)
        return map(x -> transform(f, x), ((List) o));
      throw fail("Don't know how to transform: " + className(o));
    }

    public void applyLogicRuleToFact(LogicRule rule, String fact) {
      Object lhs = rule.lhs, rhs = rule.rhs;
      Object cond, remaining = null;
      if (lhs instanceof And) {
        Object a = ((And) lhs).a;
        Object b = ((And) lhs).b;
        cond = a;
        remaining = b;
      } else
        cond = lhs;
      Map<String, String> map = zipIt_keepBrackets((String) cond, fact);
      if (map == null) {
        if (printNonMatches)
          print("Non-match: " + quote(cond) + " / " + quote(fact));
        return;
      }
      if (verbose)
        print("Match: " + quote(cond) + " / " + quote(fact));
      Object rhs_replaced = replaceVars(rhs, map);
      if (verbose)
        print("rhs_replaced", rhs_replaced);
      Map trail = litorderedmap("op", "applyLogicRuleToFact", "rule", rule, "fact", fact, "rhs_replaced", rhs_replaced, "remaining", remaining);
      if (remaining == null) {
        addRewrittenRHS(rhs_replaced, trail);
      } else {
        Object remaining_replaced = replaceVars(remaining, map);
        trail.put("remaining_replaced", remaining_replaced);
        addLogicRuleWithTrail(new LogicRule(remaining_replaced, rhs_replaced), trail);
      }
    }

    public void run() {
      think();
    }

    public boolean smartParser1_verbose = false;

    public void smartParser1(String program) {
      List<String> paragraphs = map(s -> withoutLeadingLinesEmptyAfterTrim_autoUnindent(rtrim(s)), tok_splitAtEmptyLines(program));
      if (smartParser1_verbose)
        print("Got " + n2(paragraphs, "parapraph"));
      if (smartParser1_verbose)
        print(joinWithEmptyLines(map(s -> indentx("> ", s), paragraphs)));
      List<String> paragraphs2 = antiFilter(paragraphs, s -> isSingleLine(trim(s)) && isQuoted(trim(s)) || countJavaTokens(s) == 0 || endsWith(rtrim(s), "----"));
      if (smartParser1_verbose)
        print("Got " + n2(paragraphs2, "filtered paragraph"));
      if (smartParser1_verbose)
        print(joinWithEmptyLines(map(s -> indentx("> ", s), paragraphs2)));
      if (smartParser1_verbose)
        print(map("allLinesAreUnindented", paragraphs2));
      Pair<List<String>, List<String>> p1 = filterAntiFilter(s -> !isSingleLine(trim(s)) && allLinesAreUnindented(s), paragraphs2);
      List<String> multiFactParagraphs = p1.a, paragraphs3 = p1.b;
      for (String para : multiFactParagraphs) for (String s : tlft(para)) addFactFromProgram(s);
      List<String> paragraphs4 = new ArrayList();
      for (String para : paragraphs3) {
        Pair<String, String> p = splitAtFirstDoubleArrow(javaTokWithBrackets(para));
        if (p == null) {
          paragraphs4.add(para);
          continue;
        }
        addLogicRule(new LogicRule(splitAtAmpersand2(p.a), p.b), para);
      }
      if (smartParser1_verbose)
        pnlStruct("Unparsed - assuming facts", paragraphs4);
      for (String para : paragraphs4) addFactFromProgram(para);
    }

    public void parseProgram() {
      if (programLoaded)
        return;
      programLoaded = true;
      loadProgram(program);
    }

    public void loadProgram(String program) {
      parsing = true;
      try {
        smartParser1(program);
      } finally {
        parsing = false;
      }
    }

    public boolean doSomeLogic() {
      boolean anyAction = false;
      Pair<LogicRule, String> p;
      while ((p = rulesOnFacts.next()) != null) {
        ping();
        anyAction = true;
        applyLogicRuleToFact(p.a, p.b);
      }
      Pair<CodeFragment, String> p2;
      while ((p2 = codeOnFacts.next()) != null) {
        ping();
        anyAction = true;
        applyCodeFragmentToFact(p2.a, p2.b);
      }
      Pair<IVF1<String>, String> p3;
      while ((p3 = anyCodeOnFacts.next()) != null) {
        ping();
        anyAction = true;
        pcallF(p3.a, p3.b);
      }
      return anyAction;
    }

    public void applyCodeFragmentToFact(CodeFragment cf, String fact) {
      Map<String, String> map = cf.keepBrackets ? zipIt_keepBrackets(cf.head, fact) : zipIt(cf.head, fact);
      if (map != null)
        cf.body.get(mapValues("tok_deRoundBracket", map), new Env());
    }

    public long size() {
      return l(logicRules) + l(facts) + proceduresExecuted;
    }

    public void think() {
      parseProgram();
      thoughtBegun = true;
      int round = 0;
      while (round++ < maxRounds) {
        ping();
        long lastSize = size();
        if (verbose)
          print("Logic round " + round + ", size: " + lastSize);
        while (doSomeLogic() && round++ < maxRounds && l(facts) < maxFacts) {
        }
        for (List proc : getAndClearList(proceduresToRun)) {
          ping();
          runParsedProcedure(proc);
        }
        callFAll(extraLogicOperations);
        if (size() == lastSize) {
          if (verbose)
            print("No changes, exiting");
          break;
        }
      }
      Collection<String> madeFacts = factsDeduced();
      if (printFactsAfterThinking)
        pnlWithHeading("Facts I deduced", madeFacts);
      List<String> output = new ArrayList();
      for (String fact : madeFacts) {
        List<String> tok = mainTokenize(fact);
        if (countCodeTokens(tok) == 2 && eqicOneOf(getCodeToken(tok, 0), "print", "say"))
          output.add(tok_dropRoundBrackets(getCodeToken(tok, 1)));
      }
      pnlWithHeadingIfNempty("Bot Output", output);
    }

    public void addNativePredicate(String head, IF0 body) {
      nativePredicates.add(new NativePredicate(head, (map, env) -> body.get()));
    }

    public void addNativePredicate(String head, IF1<Map<String, String>, Object> body) {
      nativePredicates.add(new NativePredicate(head, (map, env) -> body.get(map)));
    }

    public void addNativePredicate(String head, IF2<Map<String, String>, Env, Object> body) {
      nativePredicates.add(new NativePredicate(head, body));
    }

    public Object unpackWithAlternativeOrIterator(Object result) {
      if (result instanceof Iterator)
        return first((Iterator) result);
      if (result instanceof WithAlternative)
        return ((WithAlternative) result).result;
      return result;
    }

    public void onFactDo(String head, IVF2<Map<String, String>, Env> body) {
      codeOnFacts.newA(new CodeFragment(head, body));
    }

    public void onFactDo_keepBrackets(String head, IVF2<Map<String, String>, Env> body) {
      codeOnFacts.newA(new CodeFragment(head, body, true));
    }

    public List<String> filterByPattern(String pat, Iterable<String> items) {
      return filter(items, i -> zipIt(pat, i) != null);
    }

    public List<Map<String, String>> matchFacts(String pat) {
      return matchStrings(pat, facts);
    }

    public Map<String, String> matchString(String pat, String input) {
      return zipIt_deBracket(pat, input);
    }

    public List<Map<String, String>> matchStrings(String pat, Iterable<String> items) {
      List<Map<String, String>> out = new ArrayList();
      for (String s : items) {
        Map<String, String> map = zipIt_deBracket(pat, s);
        if (map != null)
          out.add(map);
      }
      return out;
    }

    public List<Pair<String, Map<String, String>>> matchFacts2(String pat) {
      return matchStrings2(pat, facts);
    }

    public List<Pair<String, Map<String, String>>> matchStrings2(String pat, Iterable<String> items) {
      List<Pair<String, Map<String, String>>> out = new ArrayList();
      for (String s : items) {
        Map<String, String> map = zipIt_deBracket(pat, s);
        if (map != null)
          out.add(pair(s, map));
      }
      return out;
    }

    public List<String> matchFacts(String var, String pat) {
      return map(matchFacts(pat), map -> map.get(var));
    }

    public List<Map<String, String>> matchFacts_keepBrackets(String pat) {
      List<Map<String, String>> out = new ArrayList();
      for (String fact : facts) {
        Map<String, String> map = zipIt_keepBrackets(pat, fact);
        if (map != null)
          out.add(map);
      }
      return out;
    }

    public void openAllTheories() {
      for (Map<String, String> map : matchFacts_keepBrackets("theory $x $y")) openTheory(tok_deRoundOrCurlyBracket(map.get("$x")), map.get("$y"));
    }

    public void openTheory(String name) {
      for (Map<String, String> map : matchFacts_keepBrackets("theory $x $y")) if (eqic(properUnquote(tok_deRoundBracket($x(map))), name)) {
        openTheory(name, $y(map));
        return;
      }
      throw fail("Theory not defined: " + quote(name));
    }

    public void openTheory(String name, String body) {
      loadProgram(withoutLeadingLinesEmptyAfterTrim_autoUnindent(tok_deRoundOrCurlyBracket_keepFirstSpacing(body)));
      if (verbose)
        print("Opened theory " + name);
    }

    public void autoOpenTheories() {
      onFactDo_keepBrackets("theory $x $y", (map, env) -> openTheory(tok_deRoundOrCurlyBracket(map.get("$x")), map.get("$y")));
    }

    public int checkExpectations() {
      int n = 0;
      for (Map<String, String> map : matchFacts("expect $x")) {
        assertContains(facts, firstValue(map));
        ++n;
      }
      for (Map<String, String> map : matchFacts("don't expect $x")) {
        assertDoesntContain(facts, firstValue(map));
        ++n;
      }
      return n;
    }

    public void standardImports() {
      if (standardImportsLoaded)
        return;
      standardImportsLoaded = true;
      registerImport("math", () -> philosophyBot1_math(this));
      registerImport("bool", () -> philosophyBot1_bool(this));
      registerImport("or", () -> philosophyBot1_orHandler(this));
      registerImport("iota", () -> philosophyBot1_iotaHandler(this));
      registerImport("tlft_honoringBrackets", () -> addNativePredicate("tlft_honoringBrackets $x", map -> printIf(verbose, "tlft output", tlft_honoringBrackets($x(map)))));
      addNativePredicate("printNonMatches", () -> {
        printNonMatches = true;
        return true;
      });
      philosophyBot1_enableAddSimplifier_withTrails(this);
    }

    public void addFactPreprocessor(IF1<String, Boolean> f) {
      factPreprocessors.add(f);
    }

    public void addLogicRulePreprocessor(IF1<LogicRule, Boolean> f) {
      logicRulePreprocessors.add(f);
    }

    public void registerImport(String name, Runnable handler) {
      String line = "import " + name;
      factPreprocessors.add(s -> {
        if (eqic(s, line)) {
          if (verbose)
            print("Importing " + name);
          handler.run();
          return true;
        }
        return false;
      });
    }

    public boolean hasFact(String fact) {
      return contains(facts, fact);
    }

    public boolean hasContradiction() {
      return hasFact("contradiction");
    }

    public List<String> mainTokenize(String s) {
      return javaTokWithBrackets(s);
    }

    public String sanitizeInput(String s) {
      return joinWithSpace(antiFilter(words2_plusApostrophe(s), w -> isVar(w)));
    }

    public void deleteFacts(Iterable<String> l) {
      Set<String> set = asCISet(l);
      facts = filterCISet(facts, f -> !contains(set, f));
    }

    public Collection<String> factsDeduced() {
      return listMinusList(facts, originalFacts);
    }

    public Collection<String> deducedFacts() {
      return factsDeduced();
    }

    public boolean containsDollarVars(Object o) {
      Flag flag = new Flag();
      withCancelPoint(cp -> {
        transform(x -> {
          if (x instanceof String) {
            if (main.containsDollarVars(((String) x))) {
              flag.raise();
              cancelTo(cp);
            }
            return ((String) x);
          }
          return null;
        }, o);
      });
      return flag.get();
    }

    public List<LogicRule> allLogicRulesWithoutLHSVars() {
      return filter(logicRules, r -> !containsDollarVars(leftmostCondition(r.lhs)));
    }

    public Object leftmostCondition(Object o) {
      while (o instanceof And) o = ((And) o).a;
      return o;
    }

    public void _standardHandlers() {
      philosophyBot_autoOpenTheoriesHandler(this);
      addFactPreprocessor(s -> {
        if (eqic(s, "standard imports")) {
          standardImports();
          return true;
        }
        return false;
      });
    }

    public void runAndCheckExpectations() {
      run();
      checkExpectations();
    }

    public void addDeepTransformer(IF1<String, String> transformer) {
      if (deepTransformers == null) {
        deepTransformers = new ArrayList();
        anyCodeOnFacts.newA(fact -> addFactWithTrail(gazelle_deepTransform(s -> firstTransformersResult(deepTransformers, s), fact), trails == null ? null : new TTransformed(fact, transformer)));
      }
      deepTransformers.add(transformer);
    }

    public void addTrailEnabledDeepTransformer(IF1<String, WithTrail<String>> transformer) {
      if (trailEnabledDeepTransformers == null) {
        trailEnabledDeepTransformers = new ArrayList();
        anyCodeOnFacts.newA(fact -> {
          WithTrail<String> simplified = gazelle_deepTransform_withTrail(s -> firstTransformersResult_trailEnabled(trailEnabledDeepTransformers, s), fact);
          if (simplified == null)
            return;
          addFactWithTrail(simplified);
          if (noteSimplificationsAsFacts)
            addFact(format("$x simplifies $y", litmap("$x", fact, "$y", simplified.get())));
        });
      }
      trailEnabledDeepTransformers.add(transformer);
    }

    public Object getExtension(Object key) {
      return mapGet(extensions, key);
    }

    public void addExtension(Object key, Object value) {
      if (extensions == null)
        extensions = new HashMap();
      extensions.put(key, value);
    }

    public void enableTrails() {
      if (trails == null)
        trails = ciMap();
    }

    public Object getTrail(String fact) {
      return mapGet(trails, fact);
    }

    public Object getTrail(Object o) {
      if (o instanceof LogicRule)
        return ((LogicRule) o).trail;
      if (o instanceof String)
        return mapGet(trails, ((String) o));
      return null;
    }

    public void printDeducedFactsWithTrails() {
      printAsciiHeading("Deduced facts with trails");
      for (String fact : factsDeduced()) {
        print(fact);
        printUnlessNull("  << ", getTrail(fact));
      }
    }

    public List<WithTrail<String>> deducedFactsWithTrails() {
      return map(factsDeduced(), s -> new WithTrail(getTrail(s), s));
    }

    public void setTrailForAllLogicRules(Object trail) {
      for (LogicRule r : logicRules) r.trail = trail;
    }

    public List<LogicRule> logicRules() {
      return cloneList(logicRules);
    }

    public Pair<Set<LogicRule>, Set<String>> rulesAndFactsUsedForMaking(Object factOrLogicRule) {
      Set l = thingsUsedForMaking(factOrLogicRule);
      return pair(instancesOfAsSet(LogicRule.class, l), setIntersection(asCISet(stringsOnly(l)), facts));
    }

    public Set thingsUsedForMaking(Object factOrLogicRule) {
      return philosophyBot1_visitTrailsTree_gen(this, null, factOrLogicRule);
    }

    public void addExtraLogicOperation(Runnable r) {
      extraLogicOperations.add(r);
    }

    public void addCodeOnFact(IVF1<String> f) {
      anyCodeOnFacts.newA(f);
    }
  }

  static public class Pair<A, B> implements Comparable<Pair<A, B>> {

    public A a;

    public B b;

    public Pair() {
    }

    public Pair(A a, B b) {
      this.b = b;
      this.a = a;
    }

    public int hashCode() {
      return hashCodeFor(a) + 2 * hashCodeFor(b);
    }

    public boolean equals(Object o) {
      if (o == this)
        return true;
      if (!(o instanceof Pair))
        return false;
      Pair t = (Pair) o;
      return eq(a, t.a) && eq(b, t.b);
    }

    public String toString() {
      return "<" + a + ", " + b + ">";
    }

    public int compareTo(Pair<A, B> p) {
      if (p == null)
        return 1;
      int i = ((Comparable<A>) a).compareTo(p.a);
      if (i != 0)
        return i;
      return ((Comparable<B>) b).compareTo(p.b);
    }
  }

  static public interface IF0<A> {

    public A get();
  }

  static public interface IFieldsToList {

    public Object[] _fieldsToList();
  }

  static public class AllOnAll<A, B> implements Producer<Pair<A, B>> {

    public List<A> aList = new ArrayList();

    public List<B> bList = new ArrayList();

    public List<Pair<IntRange, IntRange>> todo = new LinkedList();

    public List<Pair<A, B>> todo2 = new LinkedList();

    synchronized public void newA(A a) {
      add(aList, a);
      addPair(todo, intRange_last(aList), intRange(0, l(bList)));
    }

    synchronized public void newAs(Iterable<A> l) {
      for (A a : unnull(l)) newA(a);
    }

    synchronized public void newB(B b) {
      add(bList, b);
      addPair(todo, intRange(0, l(aList)), intRange_last(bList));
    }

    synchronized public void newBs(Iterable<B> l) {
      for (B b : unnull(l)) newB(b);
    }

    public synchronized Pair<A, B> next() {
      while (empty(todo2)) {
        if (empty(todo))
          return null;
        Pair<IntRange, IntRange> p = popFirst(todo);
        addAll(todo2, outerProduct_pairs(subList(aList, p.a), subList(bList, p.b)));
      }
      return popFirst(todo2);
    }
  }

  static public interface Transformable {

    public Object transformUsing(IF1 f);
  }

  static public interface IVF1<A> {

    public void get(A a);
  }

  static public interface IVF2<A, B> {

    public void get(A a, B b);
  }

  static public class WithTrail<A> extends Var<A> {

    public Object trail;

    public WithTrail() {
    }

    public WithTrail(A value) {
      super(value);
    }

    public WithTrail(Object trail, A value) {
      super(value);
      this.trail = trail;
    }

    public String toString() {
      if (trail == null)
        return super.toString();
      return super.toString() + "\n" + indentx("[Trail: " + trail + "]");
    }
  }

  static public class Flag implements Runnable {

    public boolean up = false;

    public synchronized boolean raise() {
      if (!up) {
        up = true;
        notifyAll();
        return true;
      } else
        return false;
    }

    public synchronized void waitUntilUp() {
      while (!up) {
        try {
          wait();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
          e.printStackTrace();
        }
      }
    }

    public synchronized void waitUntilUp(long timeout) {
      if (!up) {
        try {
          wait(timeout);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
          e.printStackTrace();
        }
      }
    }

    public synchronized boolean isUp() {
      return up;
    }

    public boolean get() {
      return isUp();
    }

    public String toString() {
      return isUp() ? "up" : "down";
    }

    public void waitForThisOr(Flag otherFlag) {
      try {
        while (!isUp() && !otherFlag.isUp()) Thread.sleep(50);
      } catch (Exception __e) {
        throw rethrow(__e);
      }
    }

    public void run() {
      raise();
    }
  }

  static public interface Producer<A> {

    public A next();
  }

  static public class Var<A> implements IVar<A> {

    public Var() {
    }

    public Var(A v) {
      this.v = v;
    }

    public A v;

    public synchronized void set(A a) {
      if (v != a) {
        v = a;
        notifyAll();
      }
    }

    public synchronized A get() {
      return v;
    }

    public synchronized boolean has() {
      return v != null;
    }

    public synchronized void clear() {
      v = null;
    }

    public String toString() {
      return str(get());
    }
  }

  final static public class IntRange {

    public int start, end;

    public IntRange() {
    }

    public IntRange(int start, int end) {
      this.end = end;
      this.start = start;
    }

    public boolean equals(Object o) {
      return stdEq2(this, o);
    }

    public int hashCode() {
      return stdHash2(this);
    }

    public int length() {
      return end - start;
    }

    static public String _fieldOrder = "start end";

    public String toString() {
      return "[" + start + ";" + end + "]";
    }
  }

  static public interface IVar<A> {

    public void set(A a);

    public A get();

    default public boolean has() {
      return get() != null;
    }

    default public void clear() {
      set(null);
    }
  }

  static public boolean reflection_isForbiddenMethod(Method m) {
    return m.getDeclaringClass() == Object.class && eqOneOf(m.getName(), "finalize", "clone", "registerNatives");
  }

  static public <A, B> void multiMapPut(Map<A, List<B>> map, A a, B b) {
    List<B> l = map.get(a);
    if (l == null)
      map.put(a, l = new ArrayList());
    l.add(b);
  }

  static public <A, B> void multiMapPut(MultiMap<A, B> mm, A key, B value) {
    if (mm != null && key != null && value != null)
      mm.put(key, value);
  }

  static public Set<Class> allInterfacesImplementedBy(Class c) {
    if (c == null)
      return null;
    HashSet<Class> set = new HashSet();
    allInterfacesImplementedBy_find(c, set);
    return set;
  }

  static public void allInterfacesImplementedBy_find(Class c, Set<Class> set) {
    if (c.isInterface() && !set.add(c))
      return;
    do {
      for (Class intf : c.getInterfaces()) allInterfacesImplementedBy_find(intf, set);
    } while ((c = c.getSuperclass()) != null);
  }

  static public Method findMethod(Object o, String method, Object... args) {
    return findMethod_cached(o, method, args);
  }

  static public boolean findMethod_checkArgs(Method m, Object[] args, boolean debug) {
    Class<?>[] types = m.getParameterTypes();
    if (types.length != args.length) {
      if (debug)
        System.out.println("Bad parameter length: " + args.length + " vs " + types.length);
      return false;
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < types.length; i++) if (!(args[i] == null || isInstanceX(types[i], args[i]))) {
      if (debug)
        System.out.println("Bad parameter " + i + ": " + args[i] + " vs " + types[i]);
      return false;
    }
    return true;
  }

  static public boolean call_checkArgs(Method m, Object[] args, boolean debug) {
    Class<?>[] types = m.getParameterTypes();
    if (types.length != args.length) {
      if (debug)
        print("Bad parameter length: " + args.length + " vs " + types.length);
      return false;
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < types.length; i++) {
      Object arg = args[i];
      if (!(arg == null ? !types[i].isPrimitive() : isInstanceX(types[i], arg))) {
        if (debug)
          print("Bad parameter " + i + ": " + arg + " vs " + types[i]);
        return false;
      }
    }
    return true;
  }

  static public Method findStaticMethod(Class c, String method, Object... args) {
    Class _c = c;
    while (c != null) {
      for (Method m : c.getDeclaredMethods()) {
        if (!m.getName().equals(method))
          continue;
        if ((m.getModifiers() & Modifier.STATIC) == 0 || !findStaticMethod_checkArgs(m, args))
          continue;
        return m;
      }
      c = c.getSuperclass();
    }
    return null;
  }

  static public boolean findStaticMethod_checkArgs(Method m, Object[] args) {
    Class<?>[] types = m.getParameterTypes();
    if (types.length != args.length)
      return false;
    for (int i = 0; i < types.length; i++) if (!(args[i] == null || isInstanceX(types[i], args[i])))
      return false;
    return true;
  }

  static public <A, B> Map<A, B> putAll(Map<A, B> a, Map<? extends A, ? extends B> b) {
    if (a != null && b != null)
      a.putAll(b);
    return a;
  }

  static public <A, B> void put(Map<A, B> map, A a, B b) {
    if (map != null)
      map.put(a, b);
  }

  static public <A> void put(List<A> l, int i, A a) {
    if (l != null && i >= 0 && i < l(l))
      l.set(i, a);
  }

  static public <A> void remove(List<A> l, int i) {
    if (l != null && i >= 0 && i < l(l))
      l.remove(i);
  }

  static public <A> void remove(Collection<A> l, A a) {
    if (l != null)
      l.remove(a);
  }

  static public <A, B> Set<A> keySet(Map<A, B> map) {
    return map == null ? new HashSet() : map.keySet();
  }

  static public Set keySet(Object map) {
    return keys((Map) map);
  }

  static public <A> Set<A> keySet(MultiSet<A> ms) {
    return ms.keySet();
  }

  static public <A, B> Set<A> keySet(MultiMap<A, B> mm) {
    return mm.keySet();
  }

  static public <A> A reverseGet(List<A> l, int idx) {
    if (l == null || idx < 0)
      return null;
    int n = l(l);
    return idx < n ? l.get(n - 1 - idx) : null;
  }

  static public <A, B> Map<A, B> cloneMap(Map<A, B> map) {
    if (map == null)
      return new HashMap();
    synchronized (map) {
      return map instanceof TreeMap ? new TreeMap((TreeMap) map) : map instanceof LinkedHashMap ? new LinkedHashMap(map) : new HashMap(map);
    }
  }

  static public <A, B> List<B> cloneMap(Iterable<A> l, IF1<A, B> f) {
    List x = emptyList(l);
    if (l != null)
      for (A o : cloneList(l)) x.add(f.get(o));
    return x;
  }

  static public <A, B> Collection<B> values(Map<A, B> map) {
    return map == null ? emptyList() : map.values();
  }

  static public <A, B> Collection<B> values(MultiMap<A, B> mm) {
    return mm == null ? emptyList() : concatLists(values(mm.data));
  }

  static public UnsupportedOperationException unsupportedOperation() {
    throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
  }

  static public Q dm_q() {
    return dm_current_mandatory().q();
  }

  static public void dm_q(Runnable r) {
    dm_inQ(r);
  }

  static public void dm_q(DynModule module, Runnable r) {
    module.q().add(r);
  }

  static public int boostHashCombine(int a, int b) {
    return a ^ (b + 0x9e3779b9 + (a << 6) + (a >> 2));
  }

  static public int _hashCode(Object a) {
    return a == null ? 0 : a.hashCode();
  }

  static public String shortClassName(Object o) {
    if (o == null)
      return null;
    Class c = o instanceof Class ? (Class) o : o.getClass();
    String name = c.getName();
    return shortenClassName(name);
  }

  static public String stdToString(Object o) {
    return standard_toString(o);
  }

  static public Set<String> syncLinkedCISet() {
    return synchronizedSet(linkedCISet());
  }

  static public TreeSet<String> litciset(String... items) {
    TreeSet<String> set = caseInsensitiveSet();
    for (String a : items) set.add(a);
    return set;
  }

  static public Pair<String, String> splitAtFirstDoubleArrow(String s) {
    return splitAtFirstDoubleArrow(javaTok(s));
  }

  static public Pair<String, String> splitAtFirstDoubleArrow(List<String> tok) {
    int i = indexOfSubList(tok, splitAtDoubleArrow_tok());
    return i < 0 ? null : pair(trimJoin(subList(tok, 0, i)), trimJoin(subList(tok, i + 3)));
  }

  static public List<String> javaTokWithBrackets(String s) {
    return javaTokPlusBrackets(s);
  }

  static public LinkedHashMap litorderedmap(Object... x) {
    LinkedHashMap map = new LinkedHashMap();
    litmap_impl(map, x);
    return map;
  }

  static public <A extends Throwable> A printStackTrace(A e) {
    print(getStackTrace(e));
    return e;
  }

  static public void printStackTrace() {
    printStackTrace(new Throwable());
  }

  static public void printStackTrace(String msg) {
    printStackTrace(new Throwable(msg));
  }

  static public void printStackTrace(String msg, Throwable e) {
    printStackTrace(new Throwable(msg, e));
  }

  static public <A> boolean syncAdd(Collection<A> c, A b) {
    if (c == null)
      return false;
    synchronized (c) {
      return c.add(b);
    }
  }

  static public <A> void syncAdd(List<A> l, int idx, A b) {
    if (l != null)
      synchronized (l) {
        l.add(idx, b);
      }
  }

  static public <A, B> void mapPut(Map<A, B> map, A key, B value) {
    if (map != null && key != null && value != null)
      map.put(key, value);
  }

  static public String tok_deRoundBracket(String s) {
    return tok_isRoundBracketed(s) ? join(dropFirstThreeAndLastThree(javaTok(s))) : s;
  }

  static public int countCodeTokens(String s) {
    return countTokens(s);
  }

  static public int countCodeTokens(List<String> tok) {
    return countTokens(tok);
  }

  static public boolean firstTokenEqic(List<String> tok, String t) {
    return eqic(get(tok, 1), t);
  }

  static public boolean isCurlyBracketed(String s) {
    return isCurlyBraced(s);
  }

  static public String getCodeToken(List<String> tok, int i) {
    return get(tok, i * 2 + 1);
  }

  static public String uncurly_keepSpaces(String s) {
    return tok_unCurlyBracket_keepSpaces(s);
  }

  static public int countJavaTokens(String s) {
    return countTokens(s);
  }

  static public int countJavaTokens(List<String> tok) {
    return countTokens(tok);
  }

  static public String javaDropAllComments(String s) {
    return join(javaDropAllComments(javaTok(s)));
  }

  static public List<String> javaDropAllComments(List<String> tok) {
    for (int i = 0; i < l(tok); i += 2) tok.set(i, tok_javaDropCommentsFromWhitespace(tok.get(i)));
    return tok;
  }

  static public <A> LinkedList<A> cloneLinkedList(Iterable<A> l) {
    return l instanceof Collection ? cloneLinkedList((Collection) l) : asLinkedList(l);
  }

  static public <A> LinkedList<A> cloneLinkedList(Collection<A> l) {
    if (l == null)
      return new LinkedList();
    synchronized (collectionMutex(l)) {
      return new LinkedList<A>(l);
    }
  }

  static public <A> A popFirst_ping(List<A> l) {
    ping();
    return popFirst(l);
  }

  static public <A> A popFirst_ping(Collection<A> l) {
    ping();
    return popFirst(l);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> popFirst_ping(int n, List<A> l) {
    ping();
    return popFirst(n, l);
  }

  static public String sfu(Object o) {
    return structureForUser(o);
  }

  static public boolean checkCondition(Object condition, Object... args) {
    return isTrue(callF(condition, args));
  }

  static public <A> boolean checkCondition(IF1<A, Boolean> condition, A arg) {
    return isTrue(callF(condition, arg));
  }

  static public TreeMap litcimap(Object... x) {
    return litCIMap(x);
  }

  static public String replaceVars(String s, Map<String, String> map) {
    return empty(map) ? s : join(replaceVars(javaTok(s), map));
  }

  static public List<String> replaceVars(List<String> tok, Map<String, String> map) {
    if (empty(map))
      return tok;
    tok = cloneList(tok);
    for (String var : keys(map)) jreplace(tok, var, map.get(var));
    return tok;
  }

  static public boolean isTrueOpt(Object o) {
    if (o instanceof Boolean)
      return ((Boolean) o).booleanValue();
    return false;
  }

  static public LinkedList mapToLinkedList(Iterable l, Object f) {
    LinkedList x = new LinkedList();
    if (l != null)
      for (Object o : l) x.add(callF(f, o));
    return x;
  }

  static public <A, B> LinkedList<B> mapToLinkedList(Iterable<A> l, IF1<A, B> f) {
    return mapToLinkedList(l, (Object) f);
  }

  static public Map mapValues(Object func, Map map) {
    Map m = similarEmptyMap(map);
    for (Object key : keys(map)) m.put(key, callF(func, map.get(key)));
    return m;
  }

  static public <A, B, C> Map<A, C> mapValues(Map<A, B> map, IF1<B, C> f) {
    return mapValues(f, map);
  }

  static public Map mapValues(Map map, Object func) {
    return mapValues(func, map);
  }

  static public String optRound(String s) {
    return roundBracketIfMoreThanOneToken(s);
  }

  static public Map mapKeys(Object func, Map map) {
    Map m = similarEmptyMap(map);
    for (Object key : keys(map)) m.put(callF(func, key), map.get(key));
    return m;
  }

  static public Map mapKeys(Map map, Object func) {
    return mapKeys(func, map);
  }

  static public <A, B, C> Map<B, C> mapKeys(Map<A, C> map, IF1<A, B> func) {
    return mapKeys(map, (Object) func);
  }

  static public <A> A lookupOrKeep(Map<A, A> map, A key) {
    return map != null && map.containsKey(key) ? map.get(key) : key;
  }

  static public boolean contains(Collection c, Object o) {
    return c != null && c.contains(o);
  }

  static public boolean contains(Object[] x, Object o) {
    if (x != null)
      for (Object a : x) if (eq(a, o))
        return true;
    return false;
  }

  static public boolean contains(String s, char c) {
    return s != null && s.indexOf(c) >= 0;
  }

  static public boolean contains(String s, String b) {
    return s != null && s.indexOf(b) >= 0;
  }

  static public boolean contains(BitSet bs, int i) {
    return bs != null && bs.get(i);
  }

  static public <A> boolean contains(Producer<A> p, A a) {
    if (p != null && a != null)
      while (true) {
        A x = p.next();
        if (x == null)
          break;
        if (eq(x, a))
          return true;
      }
    return false;
  }

  static public List<String> tok_splitAtAmpersand(String s) {
    return splitAtTokens(javaTokWithAllBrackets(s), "&");
  }

  static public String[] dropFirst(int n, String[] a) {
    return drop(n, a);
  }

  static public String[] dropFirst(String[] a) {
    return drop(1, a);
  }

  static public Object[] dropFirst(Object[] a) {
    return drop(1, a);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> dropFirst(List<A> l) {
    return dropFirst(1, l);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> dropFirst(int n, Iterable<A> i) {
    return dropFirst(n, toList(i));
  }

  static public <A> List<A> dropFirst(Iterable<A> i) {
    return dropFirst(toList(i));
  }

  static public <A> List<A> dropFirst(int n, List<A> l) {
    return n <= 0 ? l : new ArrayList(l.subList(Math.min(n, l.size()), l.size()));
  }

  static public <A> List<A> dropFirst(List<A> l, int n) {
    return dropFirst(n, l);
  }

  static public String dropFirst(int n, String s) {
    return substring(s, n);
  }

  static public String dropFirst(String s, int n) {
    return substring(s, n);
  }

  static public String dropFirst(String s) {
    return substring(s, 1);
  }

  static public String tok_deRoundOrCurlyBracket(String s) {
    return isCurlyBraced(s) || tok_isRoundBracketed(s) ? join(dropFirstThreeAndLastThree(javaTok(s))) : s;
  }

  static public Map<String, String> gazelle_deepZip_keepBrackets(String inputA, String inputB, Object... __) {
    Map<String, String> map = gazelle_zip_keepBrackets(inputA, inputB);
    if (map == null)
      return null;
    Map<String, String> map2 = similarEmptyMap(map);
    for (String a : keys(map)) {
      String b = map.get(a);
      if (tok_isRoundOrCurlyBracketed(a) && tok_isRoundOrCurlyBracketed(b)) {
        String aa = tok_deRoundOrCurlyBracket(a);
        String bb = tok_deRoundOrCurlyBracket(b);
        Map<String, String> subMap = gazelle_deepZip_keepBrackets(aa, bb, __);
        if (subMap == null)
          return null;
        if (!putAllStrictlyIC(map2, subMap))
          return null;
      } else if (!strictPutIC(map2, a, b))
        return null;
    }
    return map2;
  }

  static public boolean all(Object pred, Collection l) {
    if (l != null)
      for (Object o : l) if (!isTrue(callF(pred, o)))
        return false;
    return true;
  }

  static public <A> boolean all(Iterable<A> l, IF1<A, Boolean> f) {
    if (l != null)
      for (A a : l) if (!f.get(a))
        return false;
    return true;
  }

  static public String replaceCodeTokensUsingMap(String s, Map<String, String> map) {
    return join(replaceCodeTokensUsingMap(javaTok(s), map));
  }

  static public List<String> replaceCodeTokensUsingMap(List<String> tok, Map<String, String> map) {
    List<String> out = emptyList(tok);
    for (int i = 0; i < l(tok); i++) {
      out.add(odd(i) ? lookupOrKeep(map, tok.get(i)) : tok.get(i));
    }
    return out;
  }

  static public String replaceCodeTokensUsingMap(Map<String, String> map, String s) {
    return replaceCodeTokensUsingMap(s, map);
  }

  static public void think(String thought) {
    miniChat(thought);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> getAndClearList(Collection<A> l) {
    if (l == null)
      return emptyList();
    synchronized (collectionMutex(l)) {
      List<A> out = cloneList(l);
      l.clear();
      return out;
    }
  }

  static public List callFAll(Collection l, Object... args) {
    return callF_all(l, args);
  }

  static public <A extends Iterable> A pnlWithHeading(String heading, A l) {
    printAsciiHeading(heading);
    return pnl(l);
  }

  static public boolean eqicOneOf(String s, String... l) {
    for (String x : l) if (eqic(s, x))
      return true;
    return false;
  }

  static public String tok_dropRoundBrackets(String s) {
    return join(tok_dropRoundBrackets(javaTok(s)));
  }

  static public List<String> tok_dropRoundBrackets(List<String> tok) {
    for (int i = 1; i < l(tok); i += 2) {
      while (eqGetOneOf(tok, i, "(", ")")) {
        tokAppend(tok, i - 1, tok.get(i + 1));
        removeSubList(tok, i, i + 2);
      }
    }
    return tok;
  }

  static public <A extends Collection> A pnlWithHeadingIfNempty(String heading, A l) {
    if (nempty(l))
      pnlWithHeading(heading, l);
    return l;
  }

  static public <A> List<A> filter(Iterable<A> c, Object pred) {
    if (pred instanceof F1)
      return filter(c, (F1<A, Boolean>) pred);
    List x = new ArrayList();
    if (c != null)
      for (Object o : c) if (isTrue(callF(pred, o)))
        x.add(o);
    return x;
  }

  static public List filter(Object pred, Iterable c) {
    return filter(c, pred);
  }

  static public <A, B extends A> List<B> filter(Iterable<B> c, F1<A, Boolean> pred) {
    List x = new ArrayList();
    if (c != null)
      for (B o : c) if (pred.get(o))
        x.add(o);
    return x;
  }

  static public <A, B extends A> List<B> filter(F1<A, Boolean> pred, Iterable<B> c) {
    return filter(c, pred);
  }

  static public <A, B extends A> List<B> filter(Iterable<B> c, IF1<A, Boolean> pred) {
    List x = new ArrayList();
    if (c != null)
      for (B o : c) if (pred.get(o))
        x.add(o);
    return x;
  }

  static public <A, B extends A> List<B> filter(B[] c, IF1<A, Boolean> pred) {
    List x = new ArrayList();
    if (c != null)
      for (B o : c) if (pred.get(o))
        x.add(o);
    return x;
  }

  static public <A, B extends A> List<B> filter(IF1<A, Boolean> pred, Iterable<B> c) {
    return filter(c, pred);
  }

  static public String properUnquote(String s) {
    return isProperlyQuoted(s) ? unquote(s) : s;
  }

  static public <A> A $x(Map<String, A> map) {
    return mapGet(map, "$x");
  }

  static public <A> A $y(Map<String, A> map) {
    return mapGet(map, "$y");
  }

  static public String withoutLeadingLinesEmptyAfterTrim_autoUnindent(String s) {
    return autoUnindent(withoutLeadingLinesEmptyAfterTrim(s));
  }

  static public String tok_deRoundOrCurlyBracket_keepFirstSpacing(String s) {
    return isCurlyBraced(s) || tok_isRoundBracketed(s) ? join(dropFirstTwoAndLastThree(javaTok(s))) : s;
  }

  static public <A, C extends Collection<A>> C assertContains(C c, A y) {
    return assertContains(null, c, y);
  }

  static public <A, C extends Collection<A>> C assertContains(String msg, C c, A y) {
    if (!contains(c, y))
      throw fail((msg != null ? msg + ": " : "") + y + " not contained in " + c);
    return c;
  }

  static public <A, B> B firstValue(Map<A, B> map) {
    return first(values(map));
  }

  static public <A, C extends Collection<A>> C assertDoesntContain(C c, A y) {
    return assertDoesntContain(null, c, y);
  }

  static public <A, C extends Collection<A>> C assertDoesntContain(String msg, C c, A y) {
    if (contains(c, y))
      throw fail((msg != null ? msg + ": " : "") + y + " contained in " + c);
    return c;
  }

  static public void philosophyBot1_math(PhilosophyBot1 bot) {
    bot.addNativePredicate("$x >= $y", (map) -> cmp(parseBigInt(map.get("$x")), parseBigInt(map.get("$y"))) >= 0);
    bot.addNativePredicate("$x <= $y", (map) -> cmp(parseBigInt(map.get("$x")), parseBigInt(map.get("$y"))) <= 0);
    bot.addNativePredicate("$x > $y", (map) -> cmp(parseBigInt(map.get("$x")), parseBigInt(map.get("$y"))) > 0);
    bot.addNativePredicate("$x < $y", (map) -> cmp(parseBigInt(map.get("$x")), parseBigInt(map.get("$y"))) < 0);
  }

  static public void philosophyBot1_bool(PhilosophyBot1 bot) {
    bot.addNativePredicate("true", map -> true);
    bot.addNativePredicate("$x = $y", map -> eqic($x(map), $y(map)));
    bot.addNativePredicate("$x != $y", map -> {
      String x = $x(map), y = $y(map);
      print("equality check: " + x + " / " + y);
      return !eqic(x, y);
    });
  }

  static public void philosophyBot1_orHandler(PhilosophyBot1 bot) {
    bot.addLogicRulePreprocessor(rule -> {
      if (!(rule.lhs instanceof String))
        return false;
      List<String> tok = bot.mainTokenize(tok_deCurlyOrRound((String) rule.lhs));
      if (countCodeTokens(tok) == 3 && eq(secondCodeToken(tok), "|")) {
        print("Splitting or: " + tok);
        bot.addLogicRule(new PhilosophyBot1.LogicRule(firstCodeToken(tok), rule.rhs));
        bot.addLogicRule(new PhilosophyBot1.LogicRule(lastCodeToken(tok), rule.rhs));
        return true;
      }
      return false;
    });
  }

  static public void philosophyBot1_iotaHandler(PhilosophyBot1 bot) {
    bot.addNativePredicate("iota($x)", (map) -> iota(parseInt($x(map))));
  }

  static public <A> A printIf(boolean b, A a) {
    if (b)
      print(a);
    return a;
  }

  static public <A> A printIf(boolean b, String s, A a) {
    if (b)
      print(s, a);
    return a;
  }

  static public List<String> tlft_honoringBrackets(String text) {
    return trimAll(lines_honoringBrackets(text));
  }

  static public void philosophyBot1_enableAddSimplifier_withTrails(PhilosophyBot1 bot) {
    bot.addFactPreprocessor(fact -> {
      String rule = $x(bot.matchString("add simplifier $x", fact));
      if (rule == null)
        return false;
      print("adding simplifier: " + rule);
      Pair<String, String> p = tok_splitAtDoubleArrow_pair(rule);
      if (p == null)
        return false;
      philosophyBot1_addSimplificationRule_withTrails(bot, p.a, p.b, fact);
      return true;
    });
  }

  static public <A> List<A> antiFilter(Iterable<A> c, Object pred) {
    if (pred instanceof F1)
      return antiFilter(c, (F1<A, Boolean>) pred);
    List x = new ArrayList();
    if (c != null)
      for (Object o : c) if (!isTrue(callF(pred, o)))
        x.add(o);
    return x;
  }

  static public List antiFilter(Object pred, Iterable c) {
    return antiFilter(c, pred);
  }

  static public List antiFilter(Object pred, Object[] c) {
    return antiFilter(pred, wrapArrayAsList(c));
  }

  static public <A, B extends A> List antiFilter(Iterable<B> c, F1<A, Boolean> pred) {
    List x = new ArrayList();
    if (c != null)
      for (B o : c) if (!pred.get(o).booleanValue())
        x.add(o);
    return x;
  }

  static public <A, B extends A> List antiFilter(F1<A, Boolean> pred, Iterable<B> c) {
    return antiFilter(c, pred);
  }

  static public <A, B extends A> List antiFilter(Iterable<B> c, IF1<A, Boolean> pred) {
    List x = new ArrayList();
    if (c != null)
      for (B o : c) if (!pred.get(o).booleanValue())
        x.add(o);
    return x;
  }

  static public <A, B extends A> List antiFilter(IF1<A, Boolean> pred, Iterable<B> c) {
    return antiFilter(c, pred);
  }

  static public List<String> words2_plusApostrophe(String s) {
    List<String> l = new ArrayList();
    int n = l(s);
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ) {
      int j = i;
      while (j < n && isLetterOrDigitOrApostrophe(s.charAt(j))) ++j;
      if (j > i)
        l.add(substring(s, i, j));
      while (j < n && !isLetterOrDigitOrApostrophe(s.charAt(j))) ++j;
      i = j;
    }
    return l;
  }

  static public TreeSet<String> asCISet(Iterable<String> c) {
    return toCaseInsensitiveSet(c);
  }

  static public TreeSet<String> asCISet(String... x) {
    return toCaseInsensitiveSet(x);
  }

  static public Set<String> filterCISet(Iterable<String> c, Object pred) {
    Set<String> x = ciSet();
    if (c != null)
      for (String o : c) if (isTrue(callF(pred, o)))
        x.add(o);
    return x;
  }

  static public Set<String> filterCISet(Object pred, Iterable c) {
    return filterCISet(c, pred);
  }

  static public Set<String> filterCISet(Iterable<String> c, IF1<String, Boolean> pred) {
    return filterCISet(c, (Object) pred);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> listMinusList(Collection<A> l, Collection stuff) {
    if (empty(stuff) && l instanceof List)
      return (List) l;
    List<A> l2 = cloneList(l);
    for (Object o : stuff) l2.remove(o);
    return l2;
  }

  static public void withCancelPoint(VF1<CancelPoint> r) {
    CancelPoint cp = newCancelPoint();
    try {
      try {
        callF(r, cp);
      } catch (Throwable e) {
        e = innerException(e);
        if (!(e instanceof CancelToCancelPoint && ((CancelToCancelPoint) e).cp == cp))
          rethrow(e);
      }
    } finally {
      _close(cp);
    }
  }

  static public void withCancelPoint(IVF1<CancelPoint> r) {
    CancelPoint cp = newCancelPoint();
    try {
      try {
        r.get(cp);
      } catch (Throwable e) {
        e = innerException(e);
        if (!(e instanceof CancelToCancelPoint && ((CancelToCancelPoint) e).cp == cp))
          rethrow(e);
      }
    } finally {
      _close(cp);
    }
  }

  static public boolean containsDollarVars(String s) {
    List<String> tok = javaTok(s);
    for (int i = 1; i < l(tok); i += 2) if (isDollarVar(tok.get(i)))
      return true;
    return false;
  }

  static public RuntimeException cancelTo(CancelPoint cp) {
    if (cp.closed)
      throw fail("cancel point closed");
    throw new CancelToCancelPoint(cp);
  }

  static public void philosophyBot_autoOpenTheoriesHandler(PhilosophyBot1 bot) {
    bot.addFactPreprocessor(s -> {
      if (bot.matchString("auto open theories", s) == null)
        return false;
      bot.autoOpenTheories();
      return true;
    });
  }

  static public Class run(String progID, String... args) {
    Class main = hotwire(progID);
    callMain(main, args);
    return main;
  }

  static public String gazelle_deepTransform(IF1<String, String> transformer, String input, Object... __) {
    if (transformer == null)
      return input;
    String transformed = transformer.get(input);
    if (transformed != null && transformed != input)
      return transformed;
    Object tokenizer = optPar("tokenizer", __, "javaTokWithBrackets");
    List<String> tok = callTokenizer(tokenizer, input);
    boolean changes = false;
    for (int i = 1; i < l(tok); i += 2) {
      ping();
      String t = tok.get(i);
      if (tok_isRoundOrCurlyBracketed(t)) {
        String unBracketed = tok_deRoundOrCurlyBracket(t);
        transformed = gazelle_deepTransform(transformer, unBracketed, __);
        if (transformed != unBracketed) {
          if (!changes)
            tok = cloneList(tok);
          tok.set(i, startsWith(t, "(") ? roundOpt(transformed) : curlyOpt(transformed));
          changes = true;
        }
      }
    }
    return changes ? join(tok) : input;
  }

  static public <A> A firstTransformersResult(List<IF1<A, A>> transformers, A a) {
    for (IF1<A, A> f : unnull(transformers)) if (f != null) {
      A b = f.get(a);
      if (b != null && b != a)
        return b;
    }
    return a;
  }

  static public WithTrail<String> gazelle_deepTransform_withTrail(IF1<String, WithTrail<String>> transformer, String input, Object... __) {
    if (transformer == null)
      return null;
    WithTrail<String> transformed = transformer.get(input);
    if (transformed != null)
      return transformed;
    Object tokenizer = optPar("tokenizer", __, "javaTokWithBrackets");
    List<String> tok = callTokenizer(tokenizer, input);
    List trails = new ArrayList();
    boolean changes = false;
    for (int i = 1; i < l(tok); i += 2) {
      ping();
      String t = tok.get(i);
      if (tok_isRoundOrCurlyBracketed(t)) {
        String unBracketed = tok_deRoundOrCurlyBracket(t);
        transformed = gazelle_deepTransform_withTrail(transformer, unBracketed, __);
        if (transformed != null) {
          if (!changes)
            tok = cloneList(tok);
          tok.set(i, startsWith(t, "(") ? roundOpt(transformed.get()) : curlyOpt(transformed.get()));
          trails.add(transformed.trail);
          changes = true;
        }
      }
    }
    return changes ? new WithTrail(litmap("op", "gazelle_deepTransform_withTrail", "input", input, "trails", trails), join(tok)) : null;
  }

  static public <A> WithTrail<A> firstTransformersResult_trailEnabled(List<IF1<A, WithTrail<A>>> transformers, A a) {
    for (IF1<A, WithTrail<A>> f : unnull(transformers)) if (f != null) {
      WithTrail<A> b = f.get(a);
      if (b != null)
        return b;
    }
    return null;
  }

  static public String format(String pat, Object... args) {
    return format3(pat, args);
  }

  static public HashMap litmap(Object... x) {
    HashMap map = new HashMap();
    litmap_impl(map, x);
    return map;
  }

  static public void litmap_impl(Map map, Object... x) {
    if (x != null)
      for (int i = 0; i < x.length - 1; i += 2) if (x[i + 1] != null)
        map.put(x[i], x[i + 1]);
  }

  static public <A, B> B mapGet(Map<A, B> map, A a) {
    return map == null || a == null ? null : map.get(a);
  }

  static public <A, B> B mapGet(A a, Map<A, B> map) {
    return map == null || a == null ? null : map.get(a);
  }

  static public void printAsciiHeading(String text) {
    print(asciiHeading2(text));
  }

  static public <A> A printUnlessNull(A a) {
    if (a != null)
      print(a);
    return a;
  }

  static public <A> A printUnlessNull(String s, A a) {
    if (a != null)
      print(s, a);
    return a;
  }

  static public <A> Set<A> instancesOfAsSet(Iterable i, Class<A> c) {
    return asSet(instancesOf(i, c));
  }

  static public <A> Set<A> instancesOfAsSet(Class<A> c, Iterable i) {
    return instancesOfAsSet(i, c);
  }

  static public <A> Set<A> setIntersection(Set<A> a, Collection<A> b) {
    Set<A> set = similarEmptySet(a);
    Set<A> bSet = asSet(b);
    for (A x : a) if (bSet.contains(x))
      set.add(x);
    return set;
  }

  static public Set philosophyBot1_visitTrailsTree_gen(Object engine, IVF1<Object> visitor, Object startingPoint) {
    Set seen = new HashSet();
    philosophyBot1_visitTrailsTree_gen(engine, seen, visitor, startingPoint);
    return seen;
  }

  static public void philosophyBot1_visitTrailsTree_gen(Object engine, Set seen, IVF1<Object> visitor, Object startingPoint) {
    if (startingPoint == null)
      return;
    if (!seen.add(startingPoint))
      return;
    if (visitor != null)
      visitor.get(startingPoint);
    if (startingPoint instanceof Iterable)
      for (Object o : ((Iterable) startingPoint)) philosophyBot1_visitTrailsTree_gen(engine, seen, visitor, o);
    else if (startingPoint instanceof Map)
      for (Object o : values(((Map) startingPoint))) philosophyBot1_visitTrailsTree_gen(engine, seen, visitor, o);
    else
      philosophyBot1_visitTrailsTree_gen(engine, seen, visitor, rcall("getTrail", engine, startingPoint));
  }

  static public int hashCodeFor(Object a) {
    return a == null ? 0 : a.hashCode();
  }

  static public void add(BitSet bs, int i) {
    bs.set(i);
  }

  static public <A> boolean add(Collection<A> c, A a) {
    return c != null && c.add(a);
  }

  static public void add(Container c, Component x) {
    addToContainer(c, x);
  }

  static public IntRange intRange_last(List l) {
    int n = l(l);
    return intRange(n - 1, n);
  }

  static public IntRange intRange(int start, int end) {
    return new IntRange(start, end);
  }

  static public <A> A popFirst(List<A> l) {
    if (empty(l))
      return null;
    A a = first(l);
    l.remove(0);
    return a;
  }

  static public <A> A popFirst(Collection<A> l) {
    if (empty(l))
      return null;
    A a = first(l);
    l.remove(a);
    return a;
  }

  static public <A> List<A> popFirst(int n, List<A> l) {
    List<A> part = cloneSubList(l, 0, n);
    removeSubList(l, 0, n);
    return part;
  }

  static public <A, B> IterableIterator<Pair<A, B>> outerProduct_pairs(Collection<A> lA, Collection<B> lB) {
    return outerProductPairs(lA, lB);
  }

  static public <A, B> IterableIterator<Pair<A, B>> outerProduct_pairs(Pair<? extends Collection<A>, ? extends Collection<B>> p) {
    return outerProduct_pairs(p.a, p.b);
  }

  static public boolean stdEq2(Object a, Object b) {
    if (a == null)
      return b == null;
    if (b == null)
      return false;
    if (a.getClass() != b.getClass())
      return false;
    for (String field : allFields(a)) if (neq(getOpt(a, field), getOpt(b, field)))
      return false;
    return true;
  }

  static public int stdHash2(Object a) {
    if (a == null)
      return 0;
    return stdHash(a, toStringArray(allFields(a)));
  }

  static public <A> A set(A o, String field, Object value) {
    if (o == null)
      return null;
    if (o instanceof Class)
      set((Class) o, field, value);
    else
      try {
        Field f = set_findField(o.getClass(), field);
        makeAccessible(f);
        smartSet(f, o, value);
      } catch (Exception e) {
        throw new RuntimeException(e);
      }
    return o;
  }

  static public void set(Class c, String field, Object value) {
    if (c == null)
      return;
    try {
      Field f = set_findStaticField(c, field);
      makeAccessible(f);
      smartSet(f, null, value);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      throw new RuntimeException(e);
    }
  }

  static public Field set_findStaticField(Class<?> c, String field) {
    Class _c = c;
    do {
      for (Field f : _c.getDeclaredFields()) if (f.getName().equals(field) && (f.getModifiers() & java.lang.reflect.Modifier.STATIC) != 0)
        return f;
      _c = _c.getSuperclass();
    } while (_c != null);
    throw new RuntimeException("Static field '" + field + "' not found in " + c.getName());
  }

  static public Field set_findField(Class<?> c, String field) {
    Class _c = c;
    do {
      for (Field f : _c.getDeclaredFields()) if (f.getName().equals(field))
        return f;
      _c = _c.getSuperclass();
    } while (_c != null);
    throw new RuntimeException("Field '" + field + "' not found in " + c.getName());
  }

  static public Method findMethod_cached(Object o, String method, Object... args) {
    try {
      if (o == null)
        return null;
      if (o instanceof Class) {
        _MethodCache cache = callOpt_getCache(((Class) o));
        List<Method> methods = cache.cache.get(method);
        if (methods != null)
          for (Method m : methods) if (isStaticMethod(m) && findMethod_checkArgs(m, args, false))
            return m;
        return null;
      } else {
        _MethodCache cache = callOpt_getCache(o.getClass());
        List<Method> methods = cache.cache.get(method);
        if (methods != null)
          for (Method m : methods) if (findMethod_checkArgs(m, args, false))
            return m;
        return null;
      }
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public void dm_inQ(Runnable r) {
    dm_q().add(r);
  }

  static public String shortenClassName(String name) {
    if (name == null)
      return null;
    int i = lastIndexOf(name, "$");
    if (i < 0)
      i = lastIndexOf(name, ".");
    return i < 0 ? name : substring(name, i + 1);
  }

  static public String standard_toString(Object o) {
    if (o == null)
      return "null";
    String name = shortClassName(o);
    Set<String> fields = fieldNames(o);
    if (empty(fields))
      return name;
    return name + "(" + joinWithComma(mapNonNulls(fields, field -> {
      Object value = get(o, field);
      if (value == null)
        return null;
      return field + "=" + str(value);
    })) + ")";
  }

  static public <A> Set<A> synchronizedSet() {
    return synchroHashSet();
  }

  static public <A> Set<A> synchronizedSet(Set<A> set) {
    return Collections.synchronizedSet(set);
  }

  static public Set<String> linkedCISet() {
    return new LinkedTreeSet(ciSet());
  }

  static public <A> TreeSet<A> treeSet() {
    return new TreeSet();
  }

  static public <A> int indexOfSubList(List<A> x, List<A> y) {
    return indexOfSubList(x, y, 0);
  }

  static public <A> int indexOfSubList(List<A> x, List<A> y, int i) {
    outer: for (; i + l(y) <= l(x); i++) {
      for (int j = 0; j < l(y); j++) if (neq(x.get(i + j), y.get(j)))
        continue outer;
      return i;
    }
    return -1;
  }

  static public <A> int indexOfSubList(List<A> x, A[] y, int i) {
    outer: for (; i + l(y) <= l(x); i++) {
      for (int j = 0; j < l(y); j++) if (neq(x.get(i + j), y[j]))
        continue outer;
      return i;
    }
    return -1;
  }

  static public List<String> splitAtDoubleArrow_tok;

  static public List<String> splitAtDoubleArrow_tok() {
    if (splitAtDoubleArrow_tok == null)
      splitAtDoubleArrow_tok = ll("=", "", ">");
    return splitAtDoubleArrow_tok;
  }

  static public String trimJoin(List<String> s) {
    return trim(join(s));
  }

  static public List<String> javaTokPlusBrackets(String s) {
    return tok_combineRoundOrCurlyBrackets_keep(javaTok(s));
  }

  static public boolean tok_isRoundBracketed(String s) {
    List<String> tok = tok_combineRoundBrackets_keep(javaTok(s));
    return l(tok) == 3 && startsWithAndEndsWith(tok.get(1), "(", ")");
  }

  static public <A> List<A> dropFirstThreeAndLastThree(List<A> l) {
    return dropFirstAndLast(3, l);
  }

  static public int countTokens(String s) {
    return l(javaTokC(s));
  }

  static public int countTokens(List<String> tok) {
    return l(tok) / 2;
  }

  static public boolean isCurlyBraced(String s) {
    List<String> tok = tok_combineCurlyBrackets_keep(javaTok(s));
    return l(tok) == 3 && startsWithAndEndsWith(tok.get(1), "{", "}");
  }

  static public String tok_unCurlyBracket_keepSpaces(String s) {
    return isCurlyBraced(s) ? join(dropFirstTwoAndLastTwo(javaTok(s))) : s;
  }

  static public String tok_javaDropCommentsFromWhitespace(String s) {
    int l = l(s), j = 0;
    StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
    while (j < l) {
      char c = s.charAt(j);
      char d = j + 1 >= l ? '\0' : s.charAt(j + 1);
      if (c == '/' && d == '*') {
        do ++j; while (j < l && !s.substring(j, Math.min(j + 2, l)).equals("*/"));
        j = Math.min(j + 2, l);
      } else if (c == '/' && d == '/') {
        do ++j; while (j < l && "\r\n".indexOf(s.charAt(j)) < 0);
      } else {
        buf.append(c);
        ++j;
      }
    }
    return str(buf);
  }

  static public <A> LinkedList<A> asLinkedList(Iterable<A> s) {
    if (s instanceof LinkedList)
      return ((LinkedList) s);
    LinkedList l = new LinkedList();
    if (s != null)
      for (A a : s) l.add(a);
    return l;
  }

  static public String structureForUser(Object o) {
    return beautifyStructure(struct_noStringSharing(o));
  }

  static public TreeMap litCIMap(Object... x) {
    TreeMap map = caseInsensitiveMap();
    litmap_impl(map, x);
    return map;
  }

  static public String jreplace(String s, String in, String out) {
    return jreplace(s, in, out, null);
  }

  static public String jreplace(String s, String in, String out, Object condition) {
    List<String> tok = javaTok(s);
    return jreplace(tok, in, out, condition) ? join(tok) : s;
  }

  static public boolean jreplace(List<String> tok, String in, String out) {
    return jreplace(tok, in, out, false, true, null);
  }

  static public boolean jreplace(List<String> tok, String in, String out, Object condition) {
    return jreplace(tok, in, out, false, true, condition);
  }

  static public boolean jreplace(List<String> tok, String in, String out, IF2<List<String>, Integer, Boolean> condition) {
    return jreplace(tok, in, out, (Object) condition);
  }

  static public boolean jreplace(List<String> tok, String in, String out, boolean ignoreCase, boolean reTok, Object condition) {
    String[] toks = javaTokForJFind_array(in);
    int lTokin = toks.length * 2 + 1;
    boolean anyChange = false;
    int i = -1;
    for (int n = 0; n < 10000; n++) {
      i = findCodeTokens(tok, i + 1, ignoreCase, toks, condition);
      if (i < 0)
        return anyChange;
      List<String> subList = tok.subList(i - 1, i + lTokin - 1);
      String expansion = jreplaceExpandRefs(out, subList);
      int end = i + lTokin - 2;
      clearAllTokens(tok, i, end);
      tok.set(i, expansion);
      if (reTok)
        reTok(tok, i, end);
      i = end;
      anyChange = true;
    }
    throw fail("woot? 10000! " + quote(in) + " => " + quote(out));
  }

  static public boolean jreplace_debug = false;

  static public Map similarEmptyMap(Map m) {
    if (m instanceof TreeMap)
      return new TreeMap(((TreeMap) m).comparator());
    if (m instanceof LinkedHashMap)
      return new LinkedHashMap();
    return new HashMap();
  }

  static public String roundBracketIfMoreThanOneToken(String s) {
    return !tok_isRoundBracketed(s) && numberOfJavaTokens(s) > 1 ? roundBracket(s) : s;
  }

  static public List<String> splitAtTokens(String s, List<String> tokens) {
    return splitAtTokens(javaTok(s), tokens);
  }

  static public List<String> splitAtTokens(List<String> tok, List<String> tokens) {
    List<String> l = new ArrayList();
    int i = 0;
    while (i < l(tok)) {
      int j = indexOfSubList(tok, tokens, i);
      if (i >= l(tok))
        break;
      if (j < 0)
        j = l(tok);
      l.add(trimJoin(tok.subList(i, j)));
      i = j + l(tokens);
    }
    return l;
  }

  static public List<String> splitAtTokens(List<String> tok, String... tokens) {
    List<String> l = new ArrayList();
    int i = 0;
    while (i < l(tok)) {
      int j = indexOfSubList(tok, tokens, i);
      if (i >= l(tok))
        break;
      if (j < 0)
        j = l(tok);
      l.add(trimJoin(tok.subList(i, j)));
      i = j + l(tokens);
    }
    return l;
  }

  static public List<String> javaTokWithAllBrackets(String s) {
    return javaTokPlusBrackets2(s);
  }

  static public String[] drop(int n, String[] a) {
    n = Math.min(n, a.length);
    String[] b = new String[a.length - n];
    System.arraycopy(a, n, b, 0, b.length);
    return b;
  }

  static public Object[] drop(int n, Object[] a) {
    n = Math.min(n, a.length);
    Object[] b = new Object[a.length - n];
    System.arraycopy(a, n, b, 0, b.length);
    return b;
  }

  static public <A> ArrayList<A> toList(A[] a) {
    return asList(a);
  }

  static public ArrayList<Integer> toList(int[] a) {
    return asList(a);
  }

  static public <A> ArrayList<A> toList(Set<A> s) {
    return asList(s);
  }

  static public <A> ArrayList<A> toList(Iterable<A> s) {
    return asList(s);
  }

  static public Map<String, String> gazelle_zip_keepBrackets(String inputA, String inputB, Object... __) {
    Object tokenizer = optPar("tokenizer", __, "javaTokWithBrackets");
    return gazelle_zipTwoTokenizationsToMap_keepBrackets(callTokenizer(tokenizer, inputA), callTokenizer(tokenizer, inputB));
  }

  static public boolean tok_isRoundOrCurlyBracketed(String s) {
    return isCurlyBraced(s) || tok_isRoundBracketed(s);
  }

  static public <A> boolean putAllStrictlyIC(Map<A, String> map, Map<A, String> adding) {
    return addMapToMapWithoutOverwritingIC(map, adding);
  }

  static public <A> boolean strictPutIC(Map<A, String> map, A key, String value) {
    if (!(map != null && key != null && value != null))
      return true;
    String old = map.get(key);
    if (old == null) {
      map.put(key, value);
      return true;
    }
    return eqic(old, value);
  }

  static public void miniChat(String text) {
    String slackTS = getSlackTS();
    if (slackTS == null) {
      print("Skipping mini-chat post (not on slack): " + quote(text));
      return;
    }
    Object mcBot = getBot("#1002433");
    call(mcBot, "addToMiniChat", "dc" + slackTS, getProgramID(), text);
  }

  static public List callF_all(Collection l, Object... args) {
    return map(l, f -> callF(f, args));
  }

  static public <A> boolean eqGetOneOf(List<A> l, int i, A... options) {
    return eqOneOf(get(l, i), options);
  }

  static public void tokAppend(List<String> tok, int i, String s) {
    tok.set(i, tok.get(i) + s);
  }

  static public void removeSubList(List l, int from, int to) {
    if (l != null)
      subList(l, from, to).clear();
  }

  static public void removeSubList(List l, int from) {
    if (l != null)
      subList(l, from).clear();
  }

  static public boolean isProperlyQuoted(String s) {
    return s.length() >= 2 && s.startsWith("\"") && s.endsWith("\"") && (!s.endsWith("\\\"") || s.endsWith("\\\\\"")) && !containsNewLine(s);
  }

  static public String unquote(String s) {
    if (s == null)
      return null;
    if (startsWith(s, '[')) {
      int i = 1;
      while (i < s.length() && s.charAt(i) == '=') ++i;
      if (i < s.length() && s.charAt(i) == '[') {
        String m = s.substring(1, i);
        if (s.endsWith("]" + m + "]"))
          return s.substring(i + 1, s.length() - i - 1);
      }
    }
    if (s.length() > 1) {
      char c = s.charAt(0);
      if (c == '\"' || c == '\'') {
        int l = endsWith(s, c) ? s.length() - 1 : s.length();
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(l - 1);
        for (int i = 1; i < l; i++) {
          char ch = s.charAt(i);
          if (ch == '\\') {
            char nextChar = (i == l - 1) ? '\\' : s.charAt(i + 1);
            if (nextChar >= '0' && nextChar <= '7') {
              String code = "" + nextChar;
              i++;
              if ((i < l - 1) && s.charAt(i + 1) >= '0' && s.charAt(i + 1) <= '7') {
                code += s.charAt(i + 1);
                i++;
                if ((i < l - 1) && s.charAt(i + 1) >= '0' && s.charAt(i + 1) <= '7') {
                  code += s.charAt(i + 1);
                  i++;
                }
              }
              sb.append((char) Integer.parseInt(code, 8));
              continue;
            }
            switch(nextChar) {
              case '\"':
                ch = '\"';
                break;
              case '\\':
                ch = '\\';
                break;
              case 'b':
                ch = '\b';
                break;
              case 'f':
                ch = '\f';
                break;
              case 'n':
                ch = '\n';
                break;
              case 'r':
                ch = '\r';
                break;
              case 't':
                ch = '\t';
                break;
              case '\'':
                ch = '\'';
                break;
              case 'u':
                if (i >= l - 5) {
                  ch = 'u';
                  break;
                }
                int code = Integer.parseInt("" + s.charAt(i + 2) + s.charAt(i + 3) + s.charAt(i + 4) + s.charAt(i + 5), 16);
                sb.append(Character.toChars(code));
                i += 5;
                continue;
              default:
                ch = nextChar;
            }
            i++;
          }
          sb.append(ch);
        }
        return sb.toString();
      }
    }
    return s;
  }

  static public String autoUnindent(String s) {
    int n = getIndent(s);
    if (n == 0)
      return s;
    List<String> l = toLines(s);
    for (int i = 0; i < l(l); i++) l.set(i, substring(l.get(i), n));
    return fromLines(l);
  }

  static public String withoutLeadingLinesEmptyAfterTrim(String s) {
    int lineStart = 0;
    while (licensed()) {
      int i = lineStart;
      while (isSpaceOrTab(charAt(s, i))) ++i;
      if (!isNewLine(charAt(s, i)))
        break;
      while (isNewLine(charAt(s, i))) ++i;
      lineStart = i;
    }
    return substring(s, lineStart);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> dropFirstTwoAndLastThree(List<A> l) {
    return dropFirstAndLast(2, 3, l);
  }

  static public int cmp(Number a, Number b) {
    return a == null ? b == null ? 0 : -1 : cmp(a.doubleValue(), b.doubleValue());
  }

  static public int cmp(double a, double b) {
    return a < b ? -1 : a == b ? 0 : 1;
  }

  static public int cmp(Object a, Object b) {
    if (a == null)
      return b == null ? 0 : -1;
    if (b == null)
      return 1;
    return ((Comparable) a).compareTo(b);
  }

  static public BigInteger parseBigInt(String s) {
    return new BigInteger(s);
  }

  static public String tok_deCurlyOrRound(String s) {
    return tok_deRoundOrCurlyBracket(s);
  }

  static public String secondCodeToken(List<String> tok) {
    return get(tok, 3);
  }

  static public String firstCodeToken(String s) {
    return firstJavaToken(s);
  }

  static public String firstCodeToken(List<String> tok) {
    return get(tok, 1);
  }

  static public String lastCodeToken(String s) {
    return lastJavaToken(s);
  }

  static public String lastCodeToken(List<String> tok) {
    return get(tok, l(tok) - 2);
  }

  static public IterableIterator<Integer> iota(final int n) {
    return new IterableIterator<Integer>() {

      public int i = 0;

      public boolean hasNext() {
        return i < n;
      }

      public Integer next() {
        return ++i;
      }
    };
  }

  static public List<String> trimAll(Collection<String> l) {
    List<String> l2 = new ArrayList();
    if (l != null)
      for (String s : l) l2.add(trim(s));
    return l2;
  }

  static public List<String> lines_honoringBrackets(String text) {
    List<String> lines = lines(text);
    List<String> out = new ArrayList();
    int bracketLevel = 0;
    int start = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < l(lines); i++) {
      List<String> tok = javaTok(lines.get(i));
      for (int j = 1; j < l(tok); j += 2) {
        String t = tok.get(j);
        if (eqOneOf(t, "(", "{", "["))
          ++bracketLevel;
        else if (eqOneOf(t, ")", "}", "]"))
          --bracketLevel;
      }
      if (bracketLevel == 0) {
        out.add(lines_rtrim(subList(lines, start, i + 1)));
        start = i + 1;
      }
    }
    addIfNempty(out, lines_rtrim(subList(lines, start)));
    return out;
  }

  static public Pair<String, String> tok_splitAtDoubleArrow_pair(String s) {
    return splitAtDoubleArrow_pair(s);
  }

  static public Pair<String, String> tok_splitAtDoubleArrow_pair(List<String> tok) {
    return splitAtDoubleArrow_pair(tok);
  }

  static public void philosophyBot1_addSimplificationRule_withTrails(PhilosophyBot1 bot, String ruleIn, String ruleOut, String originalFact) {
    Set<T3<String, String, String>> replacements = (Set<T3<String, String, String>>) (bot.getExtension("simplification rules"));
    if (replacements == null) {
      bot.addExtension("simplification rules", replacements = new HashSet());
      Set<T3<String, String, String>> _replacements = replacements;
      bot.addTrailEnabledDeepTransformer(s -> {
        for (T3<String, String, String> p : _replacements) {
          String out = simpleRewriteWithDollarVars(p.a, p.b, s);
          if (out != null)
            return new WithTrail(litorderedmap("op", "simplification rule", "p", p, "s", s, "out", out, "originalFact", p.c), out);
        }
        return null;
      });
    }
    replacements.add(t3(ruleIn, ruleOut, originalFact));
  }

  static public <A> List<A> wrapArrayAsList(A[] a) {
    return a == null ? null : Arrays.asList(a);
  }

  static public boolean isLetterOrDigitOrApostrophe(char c) {
    return Character.isLetterOrDigit(c) || c == '\'';
  }

  static public TreeSet<String> toCaseInsensitiveSet(Iterable<String> c) {
    if (isCISet(c))
      return (TreeSet) c;
    TreeSet<String> set = caseInsensitiveSet();
    addAll(set, c);
    return set;
  }

  static public TreeSet<String> toCaseInsensitiveSet(String... x) {
    TreeSet<String> set = caseInsensitiveSet();
    addAll(set, x);
    return set;
  }

  static public CancelPoint newCancelPoint() {
    return new CancelPoint();
  }

  static public Class<?> hotwire(String src) {
    assertFalse(_inCore());
    Class j = getJavaX();
    if (isAndroid()) {
      synchronized (j) {
        List<File> libraries = new ArrayList<File>();
        File srcDir = (File) call(j, "transpileMain", src, libraries);
        if (srcDir == null)
          throw fail("transpileMain returned null (src=" + quote(src) + ")");
        Object androidContext = get(j, "androidContext");
        return (Class) call(j, "loadx2android", srcDir, src);
      }
    } else {
      Class c = (Class) (call(j, "hotwire", src));
      hotwire_copyOver(c);
      return c;
    }
  }

  static public <A> A callMain(A c, String... args) {
    callOpt(c, "main", new Object[] { args });
    return c;
  }

  static public void callMain() {
    callMain(mc());
  }

  static public <A> A optPar(ThreadLocal<A> tl, A defaultValue) {
    A a = tl.get();
    if (a != null) {
      tl.set(null);
      return a;
    }
    return defaultValue;
  }

  static public <A> A optPar(ThreadLocal<A> tl) {
    return optPar(tl, null);
  }

  static public Object optPar(Object[] params, String name) {
    return optParam(params, name);
  }

  static public Object optPar(String name, Object[] params) {
    return optParam(params, name);
  }

  static public Object optPar(String name, Map params) {
    return optParam(name, params);
  }

  static public <A> A optPar(Object[] params, String name, A defaultValue) {
    return optParam(params, name, defaultValue);
  }

  static public <A> A optPar(String name, Object[] params, A defaultValue) {
    return optParam(params, name, defaultValue);
  }

  static public List<String> callTokenizer(Object tokenizer, String s) {
    return (List<String>) callF(tokenizer, s);
  }

  static public String roundOpt(String s) {
    return roundBracketIfMoreThanOneToken(s);
  }

  static public String curlyOpt(String s) {
    return curlyBraceOptIfMoreThanOneToken(s);
  }

  static public String asciiHeading2(String title) {
    return asciiHeading(title) + "\n";
  }

  static public <A> List<A> instancesOf(Iterable i, Class<A> c) {
    return collectInstances(i, c);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> instancesOf(Class<A> c, Iterable i) {
    return collectInstances(c, i);
  }

  static public Set similarEmptySet(Collection m) {
    if (m instanceof TreeSet)
      return new TreeSet(((TreeSet) m).comparator());
    if (m instanceof LinkedHashSet)
      return new LinkedHashSet();
    return new HashSet();
  }

  static public Set similarEmptySet(Map m) {
    if (m instanceof TreeMap)
      return new TreeSet(((TreeMap) m).comparator());
    if (m instanceof LinkedHashMap)
      return new LinkedHashSet();
    return new HashSet();
  }

  static public Object rcall(String method, Object o, Object... args) {
    return call_withVarargs(o, method, args);
  }

  static public void addToContainer(final Container a, final Component b) {
    if (a != null && b != null) {
      swing(new Runnable() {

        public void run() {
          try {
            a.add(b);
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "a.add(b);";
        }
      });
    }
  }

  static public <A, B> IterableIterator<Pair<A, B>> outerProductPairs(Collection<A> lA, Collection<B> lB) {
    return nestedIterator(lA, new F1<A, Iterator<Pair<A, B>>>() {

      public Iterator<Pair<A, B>> get(A a) {
        try {
          return mapI(lB, b -> pair(a, b));
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "mapI(lB, b -> pair(a, b))";
      }
    });
  }

  static public <A> IterableIterator<Pair<A, A>> outerProductPairs(Collection<A> lA) {
    return outerProductPairs(lA, lA);
  }

  static public Set<String> allFields(Object o) {
    TreeSet<String> fields = new TreeSet();
    Class _c = _getClass(o);
    do {
      for (Field f : _c.getDeclaredFields()) fields.add(f.getName());
      _c = _c.getSuperclass();
    } while (_c != null);
    return fields;
  }

  static public int stdHash(Object a, String... fields) {
    if (a == null)
      return 0;
    int hash = getClassName(a).hashCode();
    for (String field : fields) hash = boostHashCombine(hash, hashCode(getOpt(a, field)));
    return hash;
  }

  static public String[] toStringArray(Collection<String> c) {
    String[] a = new String[l(c)];
    Iterator<String> it = c.iterator();
    for (int i = 0; i < l(a); i++) a[i] = it.next();
    return a;
  }

  static public String[] toStringArray(Object o) {
    if (o instanceof String[])
      return (String[]) o;
    else if (o instanceof Collection)
      return toStringArray((Collection<String>) o);
    else
      throw fail("Not a collection or array: " + getClassName(o));
  }

  static public void smartSet(Field f, Object o, Object value) throws Exception {
    try {
      f.set(o, value);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      Class type = f.getType();
      if (type == int.class && value instanceof Long)
        value = ((Long) value).intValue();
      if (type == LinkedHashMap.class && value instanceof Map) {
        f.set(o, asLinkedHashMap((Map) value));
        return;
      }
      try {
        if (f.getType() == Concept.Ref.class) {
          f.set(o, ((Concept) o).new Ref((Concept) value));
          return;
        }
        if (o instanceof Concept.Ref) {
          f.set(o, ((Concept.Ref) o).get());
          return;
        }
      } catch (Throwable _e) {
      }
      throw e;
    }
  }

  static public int lastIndexOf(String a, String b) {
    return a == null || b == null ? -1 : a.lastIndexOf(b);
  }

  static public int lastIndexOf(String a, char b) {
    return a == null ? -1 : a.lastIndexOf(b);
  }

  static public Set<String> fieldNames(Object o) {
    return allFields(o);
  }

  static public List mapNonNulls(Iterable l, Object f) {
    return mapNonNulls(f, l);
  }

  static public List mapNonNulls(Object f, Iterable l) {
    List x = new ArrayList();
    if (l != null)
      for (Object o : l) addIfNotNull(x, callF(f, o));
    return x;
  }

  static public List mapNonNulls(Object f, Object[] l) {
    List x = new ArrayList();
    if (l != null)
      for (Object o : l) addIfNotNull(x, callF(f, o));
    return x;
  }

  static public <A, B> List<B> mapNonNulls(Iterable<A> l, F1<A, B> f) {
    return mapNonNulls(f, l);
  }

  static public <A, B> List<B> mapNonNulls(F1<A, B> f, Iterable<A> l) {
    List x = new ArrayList();
    if (l != null)
      for (Object o : l) addIfNotNull(x, callF(f, o));
    return x;
  }

  static public <A, B> List<B> mapNonNulls(A[] l, IF1<A, B> f) {
    return mapNonNulls(f, l);
  }

  static public <A, B> List<B> mapNonNulls(Iterable<A> l, IF1<A, B> f) {
    List x = emptyList(l);
    if (l != null)
      for (A o : l) addIfNotNull(x, f.get(o));
    return x;
  }

  static public <A, B> List<B> mapNonNulls(IF1<A, B> f, Iterable<A> l) {
    return mapNonNulls(l, f);
  }

  static public <A> Set<A> synchroHashSet() {
    return Collections.synchronizedSet(new HashSet<A>());
  }

  static public List<String> tok_combineRoundOrCurlyBrackets_keep(List<String> tok) {
    List<String> l = new ArrayList();
    for (int i = 0; i < l(tok); i++) {
      String t = tok.get(i);
      if (odd(i) && eqOneOf(t, "{", "(")) {
        int j = findEndOfBracketPart(tok, i);
        l.add(joinSubList(tok, i, j));
        i = j - 1;
      } else
        l.add(t);
    }
    return l;
  }

  static public List<String> tok_combineRoundBrackets_keep(List<String> tok) {
    List<String> l = new ArrayList();
    for (int i = 0; i < l(tok); i++) {
      String t = tok.get(i);
      if (odd(i) && eq(t, "(")) {
        int j = findEndOfBracketPart(tok, i);
        l.add(joinSubList(tok, i, j));
        i = j - 1;
      } else
        l.add(t);
    }
    return l;
  }

  static public boolean startsWithAndEndsWith(String s, String prefix, String suffix) {
    return startsWith(s, prefix) && endsWith(s, suffix);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> dropFirstAndLast(int n, List<A> l) {
    return cloneSubList(l, n, l(l) - n);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> dropFirstAndLast(int m, int n, List<A> l) {
    return cloneSubList(l, m, l(l) - n);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> dropFirstAndLast(List<A> l) {
    return dropFirstAndLast(1, l);
  }

  static public String dropFirstAndLast(String s) {
    return substring(s, 1, l(s) - 1);
  }

  static public List<String> javaTokC(String s) {
    if (s == null)
      return null;
    int l = s.length();
    ArrayList<String> tok = new ArrayList();
    int i = 0;
    while (i < l) {
      int j = i;
      char c, d;
      while (j < l) {
        c = s.charAt(j);
        d = j + 1 >= l ? '\0' : s.charAt(j + 1);
        if (c == ' ' || c == '\t' || c == '\r' || c == '\n')
          ++j;
        else if (c == '/' && d == '*') {
          do ++j; while (j < l && !s.substring(j, Math.min(j + 2, l)).equals("*/"));
          j = Math.min(j + 2, l);
        } else if (c == '/' && d == '/') {
          do ++j; while (j < l && "\r\n".indexOf(s.charAt(j)) < 0);
        } else
          break;
      }
      i = j;
      if (i >= l)
        break;
      c = s.charAt(i);
      d = i + 1 >= l ? '\0' : s.charAt(i + 1);
      if (c == '\'' || c == '"') {
        char opener = c;
        ++j;
        while (j < l) {
          if (s.charAt(j) == opener || s.charAt(j) == '\n') {
            ++j;
            break;
          } else if (s.charAt(j) == '\\' && j + 1 < l)
            j += 2;
          else
            ++j;
        }
      } else if (Character.isJavaIdentifierStart(c))
        do ++j; while (j < l && (Character.isJavaIdentifierPart(s.charAt(j)) || "'".indexOf(s.charAt(j)) >= 0));
      else if (Character.isDigit(c)) {
        do ++j; while (j < l && Character.isDigit(s.charAt(j)));
        if (j < l && s.charAt(j) == 'L')
          ++j;
      } else if (c == '[' && d == '[') {
        do ++j; while (j + 1 < l && !s.substring(j, j + 2).equals("]]"));
        j = Math.min(j + 2, l);
      } else if (c == '[' && d == '=' && i + 2 < l && s.charAt(i + 2) == '[') {
        do ++j; while (j + 2 < l && !s.substring(j, j + 3).equals("]=]"));
        j = Math.min(j + 3, l);
      } else
        ++j;
      tok.add(javaTok_substringC(s, i, j));
      i = j;
    }
    return tok;
  }

  static public List<String> tok_combineCurlyBrackets_keep(List<String> tok) {
    List<String> l = new ArrayList();
    for (int i = 0; i < l(tok); i++) {
      String t = tok.get(i);
      if (odd(i) && eq(t, "{")) {
        int j = findEndOfCurlyBracketPart(tok, i);
        l.add(joinSubList(tok, i, j));
        i = j - 1;
      } else
        l.add(t);
    }
    return l;
  }

  static public <A> List<A> dropFirstTwoAndLastTwo(List<A> l) {
    return dropFirstAndLast(2, l);
  }

  static public String beautifyStructure(String s) {
    List<String> tok = javaTokForStructure(s);
    structure_addTokenMarkers(tok);
    jreplace(tok, "lhm", "");
    return join(tok);
  }

  static public String struct_noStringSharing(Object o) {
    structure_Data d = new structure_Data();
    d.noStringSharing = true;
    return structure(o, d);
  }

  static public Map<String, String[]> javaTokForJFind_array_cache = synchronizedMRUCache(1000);

  static public String[] javaTokForJFind_array(String s) {
    String[] tok = javaTokForJFind_array_cache.get(s);
    if (tok == null)
      javaTokForJFind_array_cache.put(s, tok = codeTokensAsStringArray(jfind_preprocess(javaTok(s))));
    return tok;
  }

  static public int findCodeTokens(List<String> tok, String... tokens) {
    return findCodeTokens(tok, 1, false, tokens);
  }

  static public int findCodeTokens(List<String> tok, boolean ignoreCase, String... tokens) {
    return findCodeTokens(tok, 1, ignoreCase, tokens);
  }

  static public int findCodeTokens(List<String> tok, int startIdx, boolean ignoreCase, String... tokens) {
    return findCodeTokens(tok, startIdx, ignoreCase, tokens, null);
  }

  static public HashSet<String> findCodeTokens_specials = lithashset("*", "<quoted>", "<id>", "<int>", "\\*");

  static public int findCodeTokens_bails, findCodeTokens_nonbails;

  static public interface findCodeTokens_Matcher {

    public boolean get(String token);
  }

  static public int findCodeTokens(List<String> tok, int startIdx, boolean ignoreCase, String[] tokens, Object condition) {
    int end = tok.size() - tokens.length * 2 + 2, nTokens = tokens.length;
    int i = startIdx | 1;
    String firstToken = tokens[0];
    if (!ignoreCase && !findCodeTokens_specials.contains(firstToken)) {
      while (i < end && !firstToken.equals(tok.get(i))) i += 2;
    }
    findCodeTokens_Matcher[] matchers = new findCodeTokens_Matcher[nTokens];
    for (int j = 0; j < nTokens; j++) {
      String p = tokens[j];
      findCodeTokens_Matcher matcher;
      if (p.equals("*"))
        matcher = t -> true;
      else if (p.equals("<quoted>"))
        matcher = t -> isQuoted(t);
      else if (p.equals("<id>"))
        matcher = t -> isIdentifier(t);
      else if (p.equals("<int>"))
        matcher = t -> isInteger(t);
      else if (p.equals("\\*"))
        matcher = t -> t.equals("*");
      else if (ignoreCase)
        matcher = t -> eqic(p, t);
      else
        matcher = t -> t.equals(p);
      matchers[j] = matcher;
    }
    outer: for (; i < end; i += 2) {
      for (int j = 0; j < nTokens; j++) if (!matchers[j].get(tok.get(i + j * 2)))
        continue outer;
      if (condition == null || checkTokCondition(condition, tok, i - 1))
        return i;
    }
    return -1;
  }

  static public String jreplaceExpandRefs(String s, List<String> tokref) {
    List<String> tok = javaTok(s);
    for (int i = 1; i < l(tok); i += 2) {
      String t = tok.get(i);
      if (t.startsWith("$") && isInteger(t.substring(1))) {
        String x = tokref.get(-1 + parseInt(t.substring(1)) * 2);
        tok.set(i, x);
      } else if (t.equals("\\")) {
        tok.set(i, "");
        i += 2;
      }
    }
    return join(tok);
  }

  static public void clearAllTokens(List<String> tok) {
    for (int i = 0; i < tok.size(); i++) tok.set(i, "");
  }

  static public void clearAllTokens(List<String> tok, int i, int j) {
    for (; i < j; i++) tok.set(i, "");
  }

  static public List<String> reTok(List<String> tok) {
    replaceCollection(tok, javaTok(tok));
    return tok;
  }

  static public List<String> reTok(List<String> tok, int i) {
    return reTok(tok, i, i + 1);
  }

  static public List<String> reTok(List<String> tok, int i, int j) {
    i = max(i & ~1, 0);
    j = min(l(tok), j | 1);
    if (i >= j)
      return tok;
    List<String> t = javaTok(joinSubList(tok, i, j));
    replaceListPart(tok, i, j, t);
    return tok;
  }

  static public List<String> reTok(List<String> tok, IntRange r) {
    if (r != null)
      reTok(tok, r.start, r.end);
    return tok;
  }

  static public int numberOfJavaTokens(String s) {
    return l(javaTokC(s));
  }

  static public String roundBracket(String s) {
    return "(" + s + ")";
  }

  static public List<String> javaTokPlusBrackets2(String s) {
    return tok_combineRoundCurlySquareBrackets_keep(javaTok(s));
  }

  static public Map<String, String> gazelle_zipTwoTokenizationsToMap_keepBrackets(List<String> tokA, List<String> tokB) {
    return ciMapWithoutKeysEqualToValues(zipTwoTokenizationsToCIMap_strict(tokA, tokB));
  }

  static public <A> boolean addMapToMapWithoutOverwritingIC(Map<A, String> map, Map<A, String> adding) {
    if (!canPutAllStrictlyIC(map, adding))
      return false;
    {
      final Map<A, String> __0 = unnull(adding);
      for (A key : keys(__0)) {
        String value = __0.get(key);
        strictPutIC(map, key, value);
      }
    }
    return true;
  }

  static public String getSlackTS() {
    return (String) callOpt(getMainBot(), "getSlackTS");
  }

  static public Object getBot(String botID) {
    return callOpt(getMainBot(), "getBot", botID);
  }

  static public boolean containsNewLine(String s) {
    return contains(s, '\n');
  }

  static public boolean endsWith(String a, String b) {
    return a != null && a.endsWith(b);
  }

  static public boolean endsWith(String a, char c) {
    return nempty(a) && lastChar(a) == c;
  }

  static public boolean endsWith(String a, String b, Matches m) {
    if (!endsWith(a, b))
      return false;
    m.m = new String[] { dropLast(l(b), a) };
    return true;
  }

  static public int getIndent(String s) {
    int n = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
    for (String l : toLines(s)) n = min(n, getIndentOfLine(l));
    return n;
  }

  static public boolean isSpaceOrTab(char c) {
    return c == ' ' || c == '\t';
  }

  static public char charAt(String s, int i) {
    return s != null && i >= 0 && i < s.length() ? s.charAt(i) : '\0';
  }

  static public boolean isNewLine(char c) {
    return c == '\r' || c == '\n';
  }

  static public String firstJavaToken(String s) {
    if (s == null)
      return null;
    int l = s.length();
    int j = 0;
    char c, d;
    while (j < l) {
      c = s.charAt(j);
      d = j + 1 >= l ? '\0' : s.charAt(j + 1);
      if (c == ' ' || c == '\t' || c == '\r' || c == '\n')
        ++j;
      else if (c == '/' && d == '*') {
        do ++j; while (j < l && !s.substring(j, Math.min(j + 2, l)).equals("*/"));
        j = Math.min(j + 2, l);
      } else if (c == '/' && d == '/') {
        do ++j; while (j < l && "\r\n".indexOf(s.charAt(j)) < 0);
      } else
        break;
    }
    if (j >= l)
      return null;
    int i = j;
    c = s.charAt(i);
    d = i + 1 >= l ? '\0' : s.charAt(i + 1);
    if (c == '\'' || c == '"') {
      char opener = c;
      ++j;
      while (j < l) {
        if (s.charAt(j) == opener || s.charAt(j) == '\n') {
          ++j;
          break;
        } else if (s.charAt(j) == '\\' && j + 1 < l)
          j += 2;
        else
          ++j;
      }
    } else if (Character.isJavaIdentifierStart(c))
      do ++j; while (j < l && (Character.isJavaIdentifierPart(s.charAt(j)) || "'".indexOf(s.charAt(j)) >= 0));
    else if (Character.isDigit(c)) {
      do ++j; while (j < l && Character.isDigit(s.charAt(j)));
      if (j < l && s.charAt(j) == 'L')
        ++j;
    } else if (c == '[' && d == '[') {
      do ++j; while (j + 1 < l && !s.substring(j, j + 2).equals("]]"));
      j = Math.min(j + 2, l);
    } else if (c == '[' && d == '=' && i + 2 < l && s.charAt(i + 2) == '[') {
      do ++j; while (j + 2 < l && !s.substring(j, j + 3).equals("]=]"));
      j = Math.min(j + 3, l);
    } else
      ++j;
    return quickSubstring(s, i, j);
  }

  static public String lastJavaToken(String s) {
    return last(javaTokC(s));
  }

  static public String lines_rtrim(Collection lines) {
    return rtrim_fromLines(lines);
  }

  static public void addIfNempty(Collection<String> l, String s) {
    if (nempty(s))
      l.add(s);
  }

  static public void addIfNempty(Collection l, Map m) {
    if (nempty(m))
      l.add(m);
  }

  static public void addIfNempty(Collection l, Collection c) {
    if (nempty(c))
      l.add(c);
  }

  static public Pair<String, String> splitAtDoubleArrow_pair(String s) {
    return splitAtDoubleArrow_pair(javaTokWithBrackets(s));
  }

  static public Pair<String, String> splitAtDoubleArrow_pair(List<String> tok) {
    return listToPair(splitAtDoubleArrow(tok));
  }

  static public String simpleRewriteWithDollarVars(String inPat, String outPat, String s) {
    Map<String, String> map = matchDollarVarsIC_withBrackets(inPat, s);
    return map == null ? null : replaceVars_optRound2(outPat, map);
  }

  static public <A, B, C> T3<A, B, C> t3(A a, B b, C c) {
    return new T3(a, b, c);
  }

  static public void assertFalse(Object o) {
    if (!(eq(o, false)))
      throw fail(str(o));
  }

  static public boolean assertFalse(boolean b) {
    if (b)
      throw fail("oops");
    return b;
  }

  static public boolean assertFalse(String msg, boolean b) {
    if (b)
      throw fail(msg);
    return b;
  }

  static public boolean _inCore() {
    return false;
  }

  static public List hotwire_copyOver_after = synchroList();

  static public void hotwire_copyOver(Class c) {
    for (String field : ll("print_log", "print_silent", "androidContext", "_userHome")) setOptIfNotNull(c, field, getOpt(mc(), field));
    setOptIfNotNull(c, "mainBot", getMainBot());
    setOpt(c, "creator_class", new WeakReference(mc()));
    pcallFAll(hotwire_copyOver_after, c);
  }

  static public <A> A optParam(ThreadLocal<A> tl, A defaultValue) {
    return optPar(tl, defaultValue);
  }

  static public <A> A optParam(ThreadLocal<A> tl) {
    return optPar(tl);
  }

  static public Object optParam(String name, Map params) {
    return mapGet(params, name);
  }

  static public <A> A optParam(Object[] opt, String name, A defaultValue) {
    int n = l(opt);
    if (n == 1 && opt[0] instanceof Map) {
      Map map = (Map) (opt[0]);
      return map.containsKey(name) ? (A) map.get(name) : defaultValue;
    }
    if (!even(l(opt)))
      throw fail("Odd parameter length");
    for (int i = 0; i < l(opt); i += 2) if (eq(opt[i], name))
      return (A) opt[i + 1];
    return defaultValue;
  }

  static public Object optParam(Object[] opt, String name) {
    return optParam(opt, name, null);
  }

  static public Object optParam(String name, Object[] params) {
    return optParam(params, name);
  }

  static public String curlyBraceOptIfMoreThanOneToken(String s) {
    return !isCurlyBraced(s) && moreThanOneToken(s) ? curlyBrace(s) : s;
  }

  static public String asciiHeading(String title) {
    return "\n" + title + "\n" + rep(l(title), '-');
  }

  static public <A> List<A> collectInstances(Iterable i, Class<A> c) {
    List l = new ArrayList();
    if (i == null)
      return l;
    c = primitiveToBoxedTypeOpt(c);
    for (Object o : i) if (isInstance(c, o))
      l.add(o);
    return l;
  }

  static public <A> List<A> collectInstances(Class<A> c, Iterable i) {
    return collectInstances(i, c);
  }

  static public Object swing(Object f) {
    return swingAndWait(f);
  }

  static public <A> A swing(F0<A> f) {
    return (A) swingAndWait(f);
  }

  static public <A> A swing(IF0<A> f) {
    return (A) swingAndWait(f);
  }

  static public <A, B, C extends Iterator<B>> IterableIterator<B> nestedIterator(final Iterable<A> c, final F1<A, C> makeInnerIterator) {
    return nestedIterator(iterator(c), makeInnerIterator);
  }

  static public <A, B, C extends Iterator<B>> IterableIterator<B> nestedIterator(Collection<A> c, final IF1<A, C> makeInnerIterator) {
    return nestedIterator(iterator(c), makeInnerIterator);
  }

  static public <A, B, C extends Iterator<B>> IterableIterator<B> nestedIterator(Iterator<A> it1, IF1<A, C> makeInnerIterator) {
    return nestedIterator(it1, toF1(makeInnerIterator));
  }

  static public <A, B, C extends Iterator<B>> IterableIterator<B> nestedIterator(final Iterator<A> it1, final F1<A, C> makeInnerIterator) {
    if (it1 == null || !it1.hasNext())
      return emptyIterableIterator();
    return iff(new F0() {

      public A a;

      public Iterator<B> innerIterator;

      {
        nextOuter();
      }

      public void nextOuter() {
        a = it1.next();
        innerIterator = callF(makeInnerIterator, a);
      }

      public Object get() {
        while (true) {
          ping();
          if (innerIterator.hasNext())
            return innerIterator.next();
          if (!it1.hasNext())
            return endMarker();
          nextOuter();
        }
      }
    });
  }

  static public class mapI_It extends IterableIterator {

    public Object f;

    public Iterator i;

    public mapI_It() {
    }

    public mapI_It(Object f, Iterator i) {
      this.i = i;
      this.f = f;
    }

    public boolean hasNext() {
      return i.hasNext();
    }

    public Object next() {
      return callF(f, i.next());
    }

    public String toString() {
      return formatFunctionCall("mapI", f, i);
    }
  }

  static public IterableIterator mapI(final Object f, final Iterator i) {
    return new mapI_It(f, i);
  }

  static public IterableIterator mapI(IterableIterator i, Object f) {
    return mapI((Iterator) i, f);
  }

  static public IterableIterator mapI(Object f, IterableIterator i) {
    return mapI((Iterator) i, f);
  }

  static public IterableIterator mapI(Iterator i, Object f) {
    return mapI(f, i);
  }

  static public <A, B> IterableIterator<B> mapI(Iterable<A> i, IF1<A, B> f) {
    return mapI(i, (Object) f);
  }

  static public <A, B> IterableIterator<B> mapI(IF1<A, B> f, Iterable<A> i) {
    return mapI(i, (Object) f);
  }

  static public IterableIterator mapI(Iterable i, Object f) {
    return mapI(f, i.iterator());
  }

  static public IterableIterator mapI(Object f, Iterable i) {
    return mapI(i, f);
  }

  static public int hashCode(Object a) {
    return a == null ? 0 : a.hashCode();
  }

  static public <A, B> LinkedHashMap<A, B> asLinkedHashMap(Map<A, B> map) {
    if (map instanceof LinkedHashMap)
      return (LinkedHashMap) map;
    LinkedHashMap<A, B> m = new LinkedHashMap();
    if (map != null)
      synchronized (collectionMutex(map)) {
        m.putAll(map);
      }
    return m;
  }

  static public int findEndOfBracketPart(List<String> cnc, int i) {
    int j = i + 2, level = 1;
    while (j < cnc.size()) {
      if (eqOneOf(cnc.get(j), "{", "("))
        ++level;
      else if (eqOneOf(cnc.get(j), "}", ")"))
        --level;
      if (level == 0)
        return j + 1;
      ++j;
    }
    return cnc.size();
  }

  static public String joinSubList(List<String> l, int i, int j) {
    return join(subList(l, i, j));
  }

  static public String joinSubList(List<String> l, int i) {
    return join(subList(l, i));
  }

  static public String joinSubList(List<String> l, IntRange r) {
    return r == null ? null : joinSubList(l, r.start, r.end);
  }

  static public int findEndOfCurlyBracketPart(List<String> cnc, int i) {
    int j = i + 2, level = 1;
    while (j < cnc.size()) {
      if (eq(cnc.get(j), "{"))
        ++level;
      else if (eq(cnc.get(j), "}"))
        --level;
      if (level == 0)
        return j + 1;
      ++j;
    }
    return cnc.size();
  }

  static public List<String> javaTokForStructure(String s) {
    return javaTok_noMLS(s);
  }

  static public String structure_addTokenMarkers(String s) {
    return join(structure_addTokenMarkers(javaTokForStructure(s)));
  }

  static public List<String> structure_addTokenMarkers(List<String> tok) {
    TreeSet<Integer> refs = new TreeSet();
    for (int i = 1; i < l(tok); i += 2) {
      String t = tok.get(i);
      if (t.startsWith("t") && isInteger(t.substring(1)))
        refs.add(parseInt(t.substring(1)));
    }
    if (empty(refs))
      return tok;
    for (int i : refs) {
      int idx = i * 2 + 1;
      if (idx >= l(tok))
        continue;
      String t = "";
      if (endsWithLetterOrDigit(tok.get(idx - 1)))
        t = " ";
      tok.set(idx, t + "m" + i + " " + tok.get(idx));
    }
    return tok;
  }

  static public <A, B> Map<A, B> synchronizedMRUCache(int maxSize) {
    return synchroMap(new MRUCache(maxSize));
  }

  static public String[] codeTokensAsStringArray(List<String> tok) {
    int n = max(0, (l(tok) - 1) / 2);
    String[] out = new String[n];
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) out[i] = tok.get(i * 2 + 1);
    return out;
  }

  static public int jfind(String s, String in) {
    return jfind(javaTok(s), in);
  }

  static public int jfind(List<String> tok, String in) {
    return jfind(tok, 1, in);
  }

  static public int jfind(List<String> tok, int startIdx, String in) {
    return jfind(tok, startIdx, in, null);
  }

  static public int jfind(List<String> tok, String in, Object condition) {
    return jfind(tok, 1, in, condition);
  }

  static public int jfind(List<String> tok, int startIdx, String in, Object condition) {
    return jfind(tok, startIdx, javaTokForJFind_array(in), condition);
  }

  static public int jfind(List<String> tok, List<String> tokin) {
    return jfind(tok, 1, tokin);
  }

  static public int jfind(List<String> tok, int startIdx, List<String> tokin) {
    return jfind(tok, startIdx, tokin, null);
  }

  static public int jfind(List<String> tok, int startIdx, String[] tokinC, Object condition) {
    return findCodeTokens(tok, startIdx, false, tokinC, condition);
  }

  static public int jfind(List<String> tok, int startIdx, List<String> tokin, Object condition) {
    return jfind(tok, startIdx, codeTokensAsStringArray(tokin), condition);
  }

  static public List<String> jfind_preprocess(List<String> tok) {
    for (String type : litlist("quoted", "id", "int")) replaceSublist(tok, ll("<", "", type, "", ">"), ll("<" + type + ">"));
    replaceSublist(tok, ll("\\", "", "*"), ll("\\*"));
    return tok;
  }

  static public <A> HashSet<A> lithashset(A... items) {
    HashSet<A> set = new HashSet();
    for (A a : items) set.add(a);
    return set;
  }

  static public boolean isQuoted(String s) {
    if (isNormalQuoted(s))
      return true;
    return isMultilineQuoted(s);
  }

  static public boolean isInteger(String s) {
    int n = l(s);
    if (n == 0)
      return false;
    int i = 0;
    if (s.charAt(0) == '-')
      if (++i >= n)
        return false;
    while (i < n) {
      char c = s.charAt(i);
      if (c < '0' || c > '9')
        return false;
      ++i;
    }
    return true;
  }

  static public boolean checkTokCondition(Object condition, List<String> tok, int i) {
    if (condition instanceof TokCondition)
      return ((TokCondition) condition).get(tok, i);
    return checkCondition(condition, tok, i);
  }

  static public <A> void replaceCollection(Collection<A> dest, Collection<A> src) {
    if (dest == src)
      return;
    dest.clear();
    dest.addAll(src);
  }

  static public void replaceListPart(List l, int i, int j, List l2) {
    replaceSublist(l, i, j, l2);
  }

  static public List<String> tok_combineRoundCurlySquareBrackets_keep(List<String> tok) {
    List<String> l = new ArrayList();
    for (int i = 0; i < l(tok); i++) {
      String t = tok.get(i);
      if (odd(i) && eqOneOf(t, "{", "(", "[")) {
        int j = findEndOfBracketPart2(tok, i);
        l.add(joinSubList(tok, i, j));
        i = j - 1;
      } else
        l.add(t);
    }
    return l;
  }

  static public Map<String, String> ciMapWithoutKeysEqualToValues(Map<String, String> map) {
    if (map == null)
      return null;
    Map<String, String> map2 = ciMap();
    for (String key : keys(map)) {
      String value = map.get(key);
      if (!eqic(key, value))
        map2.put(key, value);
    }
    return map2;
  }

  static public Map<String, String> zipTwoTokenizationsToCIMap_strict(List<String> l1, List<String> l2) {
    int n = l(l1);
    if (n != l(l2))
      return null;
    Map<String, String> map = ciMap();
    for (int i = 1; i < n; i += 2) if (!strictPutIC(map, l1.get(i), l2.get(i)))
      return null;
    return map;
  }

  static public <A> boolean canPutAllStrictlyIC(Map<A, String> map, Map<A, String> map2) {
    {
      final Map<A, String> __0 = unnull(map2);
      for (A key : keys(__0)) {
        String value = __0.get(key);
        if (!canPutStrictlyIC(map, key, value))
          return false;
      }
    }
    return true;
  }

  static public Object mainBot;

  static public Object getMainBot() {
    return mainBot;
  }

  static public char lastChar(String s) {
    return empty(s) ? '\0' : s.charAt(l(s) - 1);
  }

  static public String[] dropLast(String[] a, int n) {
    n = Math.min(n, a.length);
    String[] b = new String[a.length - n];
    System.arraycopy(a, 0, b, 0, b.length);
    return b;
  }

  static public <A> List<A> dropLast(List<A> l) {
    return subList(l, 0, l(l) - 1);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> dropLast(int n, List<A> l) {
    return subList(l, 0, l(l) - n);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> dropLast(Iterable<A> l) {
    return dropLast(asList(l));
  }

  static public String dropLast(String s) {
    return substring(s, 0, l(s) - 1);
  }

  static public String dropLast(String s, int n) {
    return substring(s, 0, l(s) - n);
  }

  static public String dropLast(int n, String s) {
    return dropLast(s, n);
  }

  static public int getIndentOfLine(String s) {
    int i = 0, n = l(s);
    while (i < n && s.charAt(i) == ' ') ++i;
    return i;
  }

  static public String quickSubstring(String s, int i, int j) {
    if (i == j)
      return "";
    return s.substring(i, j);
  }

  static public <A> A last(List<A> l) {
    return empty(l) ? null : l.get(l.size() - 1);
  }

  static public char last(String s) {
    return empty(s) ? '#' : s.charAt(l(s) - 1);
  }

  static public int last(int[] a) {
    return l(a) != 0 ? a[l(a) - 1] : 0;
  }

  static public double last(double[] a) {
    return l(a) != 0 ? a[l(a) - 1] : 0;
  }

  static public <A> A last(A[] a) {
    return l(a) != 0 ? a[l(a) - 1] : null;
  }

  static public <A> A last(Iterator<A> it) {
    A a = null;
    while (it.hasNext()) {
      ping();
      a = it.next();
    }
    return a;
  }

  static public <A> A last(Collection<A> l) {
    if (l == null)
      return null;
    Iterator<A> it = iterator(l);
    A a = null;
    while (it.hasNext()) {
      ping();
      a = it.next();
    }
    return a;
  }

  static public <A> A last(SortedSet<A> l) {
    return l == null ? null : l.last();
  }

  static public String rtrim_fromLines(Collection lines) {
    StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
    if (lines != null) {
      boolean first = true;
      for (Object line : lines) {
        if (first)
          first = false;
        else
          buf.append('\n');
        buf.append(str(line));
      }
    }
    return buf.toString();
  }

  static public <A> Pair<A, A> listToPair(List<A> l) {
    return l(l) != 2 ? null : pair(first(l), second(l));
  }

  static public List<String> splitAtDoubleArrow(String s) {
    return splitAtDoubleArrow(javaTok(s));
  }

  static public List<String> splitAtDoubleArrow(List<String> tok) {
    List<String> l = new ArrayList();
    int i = 0;
    while (i < l(tok)) {
      int j = indexOfSubList(tok, splitAtDoubleArrow_tok(), i);
      if (i >= l(tok))
        break;
      if (j < 0)
        j = l(tok);
      l.add(trimJoin(tok.subList(i, j)));
      i = j + 3;
    }
    return l;
  }

  static public Map<String, String> matchDollarVarsIC_withBrackets(String pat, String s) {
    if (s == null)
      return null;
    return matchDollarVarsIC(pat, javaTokNPunctuationWithBrackets(s));
  }

  static public String replaceVars_optRound2(String s, Map<String, String> map) {
    return tok_deRoundOrCurlyBracket(replaceVars_optRound(s, map));
  }

  static public void setOptIfNotNull(Object o, String field, Object value) {
    if (value != null)
      setOpt(o, field, value);
  }

  static public boolean even(int i) {
    return (i & 1) == 0;
  }

  static public boolean even(long i) {
    return (i & 1) == 0;
  }

  static public boolean moreThanOneToken(String s) {
    Producer<String> it = javaTokC_producer(s);
    if (it.next() == null)
      return false;
    return it.next() != null;
  }

  static public boolean moreThanOneToken(List<String> tok) {
    return l(tok) > 3;
  }

  static public String curlyBrace(String s) {
    return "{" + s + "}";
  }

  static public String rep(int n, char c) {
    return repeat(c, n);
  }

  static public String rep(char c, int n) {
    return repeat(c, n);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> rep(A a, int n) {
    return repeat(a, n);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> rep(int n, A a) {
    return repeat(n, a);
  }

  static public Class primitiveToBoxedTypeOpt(Class type) {
    return or(primitiveToBoxedType(type), type);
  }

  static public boolean isInstance(Class type, Object arg) {
    return type.isInstance(arg);
  }

  static public void swingAndWait(Runnable r) {
    try {
      if (isAWTThread())
        r.run();
      else
        EventQueue.invokeAndWait(addThreadInfoToRunnable(r));
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public Object swingAndWait(final Object f) {
    if (isAWTThread())
      return callF(f);
    else {
      final Var result = new Var();
      swingAndWait(new Runnable() {

        public void run() {
          try {
            result.set(callF(f));
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "result.set(callF(f));";
        }
      });
      return result.get();
    }
  }

  static public F1 toF1(final Object f) {
    return functionToF1(f);
  }

  static public IterableIterator emptyIterableIterator_instance = new IterableIterator() {

    public Object next() {
      throw fail();
    }

    public boolean hasNext() {
      return false;
    }
  };

  static public <A> IterableIterator<A> emptyIterableIterator() {
    return emptyIterableIterator_instance;
  }

  static public <A> IterableIterator<A> iff(Object f) {
    return iteratorFromFunction_withEndMarker(f);
  }

  static public IterableIterator iff(F0 f) {
    return iteratorFromFunction_withEndMarker(f);
  }

  static public <A> IterableIterator iff(IF0 f) {
    return iteratorFromFunction_withEndMarker(f);
  }

  static public Object endMarker() {
    return iteratorFromFunction_endMarker;
  }

  static public String formatFunctionCall(String fname, Object... args) {
    return fname + "(" + joinWithComma(allToString(args)) + ")";
  }

  static public Object iteratorFromFunction_endMarker = new Object();

  static public <A> IterableIterator<A> iteratorFromFunction_withEndMarker(final Object f) {
    class IFF extends IterableIterator<A> {

      public A a;

      public boolean have, done;

      public boolean hasNext() {
        getNext();
        return !done;
      }

      public A next() {
        getNext();
        if (done)
          throw fail();
        A _a = a;
        a = null;
        have = false;
        return _a;
      }

      public void getNext() {
        if (done || have)
          return;
        Object o = callF(f);
        if (o == iteratorFromFunction_endMarker) {
          done = true;
          return;
        }
        a = (A) o;
        have = true;
      }
    }
    ;
    return new IFF();
  }

  static public <A> IterableIterator<A> iteratorFromFunction_withEndMarker(final F0 f) {
    return iteratorFromFunction_withEndMarker_f0(f);
  }

  static public List<String> javaTok_noMLS(String s) {
    ArrayList<String> tok = new ArrayList();
    int l = s == null ? 0 : s.length();
    int i = 0, n = 0;
    while (i < l) {
      int j = i;
      char c, d;
      while (j < l) {
        c = s.charAt(j);
        d = j + 1 >= l ? '\0' : s.charAt(j + 1);
        if (c == ' ' || c == '\t' || c == '\r' || c == '\n')
          ++j;
        else if (c == '/' && d == '*') {
          do ++j; while (j < l && !s.substring(j, Math.min(j + 2, l)).equals("*/"));
          j = Math.min(j + 2, l);
        } else if (c == '/' && d == '/') {
          do ++j; while (j < l && "\r\n".indexOf(s.charAt(j)) < 0);
        } else
          break;
      }
      tok.add(javaTok_substringN(s, i, j));
      ++n;
      i = j;
      if (i >= l)
        break;
      c = s.charAt(i);
      d = i + 1 >= l ? '\0' : s.charAt(i + 1);
      if (c == '\'' || c == '"') {
        char opener = c;
        ++j;
        while (j < l) {
          int c2 = s.charAt(j);
          if (c2 == opener || c2 == '\n' && opener == '\'') {
            ++j;
            break;
          } else if (c2 == '\\' && j + 1 < l)
            j += 2;
          else
            ++j;
        }
      } else if (Character.isJavaIdentifierStart(c))
        do ++j; while (j < l && Character.isJavaIdentifierPart(s.charAt(j)));
      else if (Character.isDigit(c)) {
        do ++j; while (j < l && Character.isDigit(s.charAt(j)));
        if (j < l && s.charAt(j) == 'L')
          ++j;
      } else
        ++j;
      tok.add(javaTok_substringC(s, i, j));
      ++n;
      i = j;
    }
    if ((tok.size() % 2) == 0)
      tok.add("");
    return tok;
  }

  static public Map synchroMap() {
    return synchroHashMap();
  }

  static public <A, B> Map<A, B> synchroMap(Map<A, B> map) {
    return Collections.synchronizedMap(map);
  }

  static public <A> ArrayList<A> litlist(A... a) {
    ArrayList l = new ArrayList(a.length);
    for (A x : a) l.add(x);
    return l;
  }

  static public <A> List<A> replaceSublist(List<A> l, List<A> x, List<A> y) {
    if (x == null)
      return l;
    int i = 0;
    while (true) {
      i = indexOfSubList(l, x, i);
      if (i < 0)
        break;
      replaceSublist(l, i, i + l(x), y);
      i += l(y);
    }
    return l;
  }

  static public <A> List<A> replaceSublist(List<A> l, int fromIndex, int toIndex, List<A> y) {
    int n = y.size(), toIndex_new = fromIndex + n;
    if (toIndex_new < toIndex) {
      removeSubList(l, toIndex_new, toIndex);
      copyListPart(y, 0, l, fromIndex, n);
    } else {
      copyListPart(y, 0, l, fromIndex, toIndex - fromIndex);
      if (toIndex_new > toIndex)
        l.addAll(toIndex, subList(y, toIndex - fromIndex));
    }
    return l;
  }

  static public <A> List<A> replaceSublist(List<A> l, IntRange r, List<A> y) {
    return replaceSublist(l, r.start, r.end, y);
  }

  static public boolean isNormalQuoted(String s) {
    int l = l(s);
    if (!(l >= 2 && s.charAt(0) == '"' && lastChar(s) == '"'))
      return false;
    int j = 1;
    while (j < l) if (s.charAt(j) == '"')
      return j == l - 1;
    else if (s.charAt(j) == '\\' && j + 1 < l)
      j += 2;
    else
      ++j;
    return false;
  }

  static public boolean isMultilineQuoted(String s) {
    if (!startsWith(s, "["))
      return false;
    int i = 1;
    while (i < s.length() && s.charAt(i) == '=') ++i;
    return i < s.length() && s.charAt(i) == '[';
  }

  static public int findEndOfBracketPart2(List<String> cnc, int i) {
    int j = i + 2, level = 1;
    while (j < cnc.size()) {
      if (eqOneOf(cnc.get(j), "{", "(", "["))
        ++level;
      else if (eqOneOf(cnc.get(j), "}", ")", "]"))
        --level;
      if (level == 0)
        return j + 1;
      ++j;
    }
    return cnc.size();
  }

  static public <A> boolean canPutStrictlyIC(Map<A, String> map, A key, String value) {
    if (!(map != null && key != null && value != null))
      return true;
    String old = map.get(key);
    return old == null || eqic(old, value);
  }

  static public <A> A second(List<A> l) {
    return get(l, 1);
  }

  static public <A> A second(Iterable<A> l) {
    if (l == null)
      return null;
    Iterator<A> it = iterator(l);
    if (!it.hasNext())
      return null;
    it.next();
    return it.hasNext() ? it.next() : null;
  }

  static public <A> A second(A[] bla) {
    return bla == null || bla.length <= 1 ? null : bla[1];
  }

  static public <A, B> B second(Pair<A, B> p) {
    return p == null ? null : p.b;
  }

  static public <A, B, C> B second(T3<A, B, C> t) {
    return t == null ? null : t.b;
  }

  static public <A> A second(Producer<A> p) {
    if (p == null)
      return null;
    if (p.next() == null)
      return null;
    return p.next();
  }

  static public char second(String s) {
    return charAt(s, 1);
  }

  static public Map<String, String> matchDollarVarsIC(String pat, String s) {
    if (s == null)
      return null;
    return matchDollarVarsIC(pat, parse3_cachedInput(s));
  }

  static public Map<String, String> matchDollarVarsIC(String pat, List<String> tokS) {
    if (pat == null || tokS == null)
      return null;
    List<String> vars = new ArrayList();
    String pat2 = dollarVarsToStars(pat, vars);
    Matches m = new Matches();
    if (!match3(pat2, tokS, m))
      return null;
    Map<String, String> map = new HashMap();
    for (int i = 0; i < l(m.m); i++) {
      String var = vars.get(i);
      String value = m.get(i);
      String oldValue = map.get(var);
      if (oldValue == null)
        map.put(var, value);
      else if (neqic(oldValue, value))
        return null;
    }
    return map;
  }

  static public Map<String, List<String>> javaTokNPunctuationWithBrackets_cache = synchronizedMRUCache(1000);

  static public List<String> javaTokNPunctuationWithBrackets(String s) {
    List<String> tok = javaTokNPunctuationWithBrackets_cache.get(s);
    if (tok == null)
      javaTokNPunctuationWithBrackets_cache.put(s, tok = javaTokNPunctuationWithBrackets_uncached(s));
    return tok;
  }

  static public List<String> javaTokNPunctuationWithBrackets_uncached(String s) {
    return tok_combineRoundOrCurlyBrackets_keep(javaTokNPunctuation_bracketsInC(s));
  }

  static public String replaceVars_optRound(String s, Map<String, String> map) {
    return replaceCodeTokensUsingMap(s, mapValues("optRound", map));
  }

  static public Producer<String> javaTokC_producer(String s) {
    return javaTokC_iterator(s);
  }

  static public Class primitiveToBoxedType(Class type) {
    if (type == boolean.class)
      return Boolean.class;
    if (type == int.class)
      return Integer.class;
    if (type == long.class)
      return Long.class;
    if (type == float.class)
      return Float.class;
    if (type == short.class)
      return Short.class;
    if (type == char.class)
      return Character.class;
    if (type == byte.class)
      return Byte.class;
    if (type == double.class)
      return Double.class;
    return null;
  }

  static public Runnable addThreadInfoToRunnable(final Object r) {
    final Object info = _threadInfo();
    return info == null ? asRunnable(r) : new Runnable() {

      public void run() {
        try {
          _inheritThreadInfo(info);
          callF(r);
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "_inheritThreadInfo(info); callF(r);";
      }
    };
  }

  static public F1 functionToF1(final Object f) {
    if (isString(f))
      return mainFunctionToF1((String) f);
    if (f instanceof F1)
      return (F1) f;
    return new F1<Object, Object>() {

      public Object get(Object a) {
        try {
          return callF(f, a);
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "ret callF(f, a);";
      }
    };
  }

  static public List<String> allToString(Iterable c) {
    List<String> l = new ArrayList();
    for (Object o : unnull(c)) l.add(str(o));
    return l;
  }

  static public List<String> allToString(Object[] c) {
    List<String> l = new ArrayList();
    for (Object o : unnull(c)) l.add(str(o));
    return l;
  }

  static public <A> IterableIterator<A> iteratorFromFunction_withEndMarker_f0(final F0<A> f) {
    class IFF2 extends IterableIterator<A> {

      public A a;

      public boolean have, done;

      public boolean hasNext() {
        getNext();
        return !done;
      }

      public A next() {
        getNext();
        if (done)
          throw fail();
        A _a = a;
        a = null;
        have = false;
        return _a;
      }

      public void getNext() {
        if (done || have)
          return;
        Object o = f.get();
        if (o == iteratorFromFunction_endMarker) {
          done = true;
          return;
        }
        a = (A) o;
        have = true;
      }
    }
    ;
    return new IFF2();
  }

  static public <A, B extends A> void copyListPart(List<B> a, int i1, List<A> b, int i2, int n) {
    if (a == null || b == null)
      return;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) b.set(i2 + i, a.get(i1 + i));
  }

  static public Map<String, List<String>> parse3_cachedInput_cache = synchronizedMRUCache(1000);

  static public List<String> parse3_cachedInput(String s) {
    List<String> tok = parse3_cachedInput_cache.get(s);
    if (tok == null)
      parse3_cachedInput_cache.put(s, tok = parse3(s));
    return tok;
  }

  static public boolean match3(String pat, String s) {
    return match3(pat, s, null);
  }

  static public boolean match3(String pat, String s, Matches matches) {
    if (pat == null || s == null)
      return false;
    return match3(pat, parse3_cachedInput(s), matches);
  }

  static public boolean match3(String pat, List<String> toks, Matches matches) {
    List<String> tokpat = parse3_cachedPattern(pat);
    return match3(tokpat, toks, matches);
  }

  static public boolean match3(List<String> tokpat, List<String> toks, Matches matches) {
    String[] m = match2(tokpat, toks);
    if (m == null)
      return false;
    if (matches != null)
      matches.m = m;
    return true;
  }

  static public boolean neqic(String a, String b) {
    return !eqic(a, b);
  }

  static public boolean neqic(char a, char b) {
    return !eqic(a, b);
  }

  static public List<String> javaTokNPunctuation_bracketsInC(String s) {
    List<String> tok = javaTok(s);
    for (int i = 1; i < l(tok); i += 2) {
      int j = i;
      String t;
      char c;
      while (j < l(tok) && l(t = tok.get(j)) == 1 && !Character.isLetterOrDigit(c = t.charAt(0)) && "{}()".indexOf(c) < 0) j += 2;
      if (j > i)
        replaceSubList(tok, i - 1, j, ll(joinSubList(tok, i - 1, j)));
    }
    return tok;
  }

  static public Producer<String> javaTokC_iterator(final String s) {
    return new Producer<String>() {

      final public int l = s.length();

      public int i = 0;

      public String next() {
        if (i >= l)
          return null;
        int j = i;
        char c, d;
        while (j < l) {
          c = s.charAt(j);
          d = j + 1 >= l ? '\0' : s.charAt(j + 1);
          if (c == ' ' || c == '\t' || c == '\r' || c == '\n')
            ++j;
          else if (c == '/' && d == '*') {
            do ++j; while (j < l && !s.substring(j, Math.min(j + 2, l)).equals("*/"));
            j = Math.min(j + 2, l);
          } else if (c == '/' && d == '/') {
            do ++j; while (j < l && "\r\n".indexOf(s.charAt(j)) < 0);
          } else
            break;
        }
        i = j;
        if (i >= l)
          return null;
        c = s.charAt(i);
        d = i + 1 >= l ? '\0' : s.charAt(i + 1);
        if (c == '\'' || c == '"') {
          char opener = c;
          ++j;
          while (j < l) {
            if (s.charAt(j) == opener || s.charAt(j) == '\n') {
              ++j;
              break;
            } else if (s.charAt(j) == '\\' && j + 1 < l)
              j += 2;
            else
              ++j;
          }
        } else if (Character.isJavaIdentifierStart(c))
          do ++j; while (j < l && (Character.isJavaIdentifierPart(s.charAt(j)) || "'".indexOf(s.charAt(j)) >= 0));
        else if (Character.isDigit(c)) {
          do ++j; while (j < l && Character.isDigit(s.charAt(j)));
          if (j < l && s.charAt(j) == 'L')
            ++j;
        } else if (c == '[' && d == '[') {
          do ++j; while (j + 1 < l && !s.substring(j, j + 2).equals("]]"));
          j = Math.min(j + 2, l);
        } else if (c == '[' && d == '=' && i + 2 < l && s.charAt(i + 2) == '[') {
          do ++j; while (j + 2 < l && !s.substring(j, j + 3).equals("]=]"));
          j = Math.min(j + 3, l);
        } else
          ++j;
        String t = quickSubstring(s, i, j);
        i = j;
        return t;
      }
    };
  }

  static public Runnable asRunnable(Object o) {
    return toRunnable(o);
  }

  static public void _inheritThreadInfo(Object info) {
    _threadInheritInfo(info);
  }

  static public F1 mainFunctionToF1(final String fname) {
    return new F1<Object, Object>() {

      public Object get(Object a) {
        try {
          return callMC(fname, a);
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "callMC(fname, a)";
      }
    };
  }

  static public List<String> parse3(String s) {
    return dropPunctuation(javaTokPlusPeriod(s));
  }

  static public Map<String, List<String>> parse3_cachedPattern_cache = synchronizedMRUCache(1000);

  static synchronized public List<String> parse3_cachedPattern(String s) {
    List<String> tok = parse3_cachedPattern_cache.get(s);
    if (tok == null)
      parse3_cachedPattern_cache.put(s, tok = parse3(s));
    return tok;
  }

  static public String[] match2(List<String> pat, List<String> tok) {
    int i = pat.indexOf("...");
    if (i < 0)
      return match2_match(pat, tok);
    pat = new ArrayList<String>(pat);
    pat.set(i, "*");
    while (pat.size() < tok.size()) {
      pat.add(i, "*");
      pat.add(i + 1, "");
    }
    return match2_match(pat, tok);
  }

  static public String[] match2_match(List<String> pat, List<String> tok) {
    List<String> result = new ArrayList<String>();
    if (pat.size() != tok.size()) {
      return null;
    }
    for (int i = 1; i < pat.size(); i += 2) {
      String p = pat.get(i), t = tok.get(i);
      if (eq(p, "*"))
        result.add(t);
      else if (!equalsIgnoreCase(unquote(p), unquote(t)))
        return null;
    }
    return result.toArray(new String[result.size()]);
  }

  static public List<String> replaceSubList(List<String> l, List<String> x, List<String> y) {
    return replaceSublist(l, x, y);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> replaceSubList(List<A> l, int fromIndex, int toIndex, List<A> y) {
    return replaceSublist(l, fromIndex, toIndex, y);
  }

  static public boolean equalsIgnoreCase(String a, String b) {
    return eqic(a, b);
  }

  static public boolean equalsIgnoreCase(char a, char b) {
    return eqic(a, b);
  }

  static public class CancelPoint implements AutoCloseable {

    volatile public boolean closed = false;

    public void close() {
      closed = true;
    }
  }

  static public class MRUCache<A, B> extends LinkedHashMap<A, B> {

    public int maxSize = 10;

    public MRUCache() {
    }

    public MRUCache(int maxSize) {
      this.maxSize = maxSize;
    }

    public boolean removeEldestEntry(Map.Entry eldest) {
      return size() > maxSize;
    }

    public Object _serialize() {
      return ll(maxSize, cloneLinkedHashMap(this));
    }

    static public MRUCache _deserialize(List l) {
      MRUCache m = new MRUCache();
      m.maxSize = (int) first(l);
      m.putAll((LinkedHashMap) second(l));
      return m;
    }
  }

  static public class CancelToCancelPoint extends QuickException {

    public CancelPoint cp;

    public CancelToCancelPoint(CancelPoint cp) {
      this.cp = cp;
    }
  }

  static public class LinkedTreeSet<A> extends AbstractSet<A> {

    public Set<A> set;

    public LinkedList<A> list = new LinkedList();

    public LinkedTreeSet() {
      set = new TreeSet();
    }

    public LinkedTreeSet(Set<A> set) {
      this.set = set;
    }

    public int size() {
      return list.size();
    }

    public Iterator<A> iterator() {
      return list.iterator();
    }

    public boolean contains(Object o) {
      return set.contains(o);
    }

    public boolean add(A a) {
      if (!set.add(a))
        return false;
      {
        list.add(a);
        return true;
      }
    }

    public boolean remove(Object o) {
      if (!set.remove(o))
        return false;
      {
        list.remove(o);
        return true;
      }
    }
  }

  static abstract public class TokCondition {

    abstract public boolean get(List<String> tok, int i);
  }

  static public class T3<A, B, C> {

    public A a;

    public B b;

    public C c;

    public T3() {
    }

    public T3(A a, B b, C c) {
      this.c = c;
      this.b = b;
      this.a = a;
    }

    public T3(T3<A, B, C> t) {
      a = t.a;
      b = t.b;
      c = t.c;
    }

    public int hashCode() {
      return _hashCode(a) + 2 * _hashCode(b) - 4 * _hashCode(c);
    }

    public boolean equals(Object o) {
      if (o == this)
        return true;
      if (!(o instanceof T3))
        return false;
      T3 t = (T3) o;
      return eq(a, t.a) && eq(b, t.b) && eq(c, t.c);
    }

    public String toString() {
      return "(" + quoteBorderless(a) + ", " + quoteBorderless(b) + ", " + quoteBorderless(c) + ")";
    }
  }

  static public class QuickException extends RuntimeException {

    public Throwable fillInStackTrace() {
      return this;
    }

    public QuickException() {
    }

    public QuickException(Throwable e) {
      super(e);
    }

    public QuickException(String msg) {
      super(msg);
    }

    public QuickException(String msg, Throwable e) {
      super(msg, e);
    }
  }

  static public boolean allLinesAreUnindented(String text) {
    for (String s : lines(text)) if (startsWithSpace(s))
      return false;
    return true;
  }

  static public String withoutLinesEmptyAfterTrim(String text) {
    List<String> lines = filter(lines(text), s -> !emptyAfterTrim(s));
    return lines_possiblyRTrim(text, lines);
  }

  static public String autoUnindent_honoringBrackets(String s) {
    List<String> l = lines_honoringBrackets(s);
    if (empty(l))
      return s;
    int n = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
    for (String line : l) n = min(n, getIndentOfLine(line));
    if (n == 0)
      return s;
    int _n = n;
    return lines_possiblyRTrim(s, map(l, line -> substring(line, _n)));
  }

  static public List<String> groupPythonStyleIndents_honoringBrackets(String text) {
    List<String> lines = lines_honoringBrackets(text);
    List<String> out = new ArrayList();
    int startOfBlock = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < l(lines); i++) {
      boolean indented = startsWithSpace(lines.get(i));
      if (!indented) {
        addIfNempty(out, lines_rtrim(subList(lines, startOfBlock, i)));
        startOfBlock = i;
      }
    }
    addIfNempty(out, lines_rtrim(subList(lines, startOfBlock)));
    return out;
  }

  static public <A> A assertEquals(Object x, A y) {
    return assertEquals(null, x, y);
  }

  static public <A> A assertEquals(String msg, Object x, A y) {
    if (assertVerbose())
      return assertEqualsVerbose(msg, x, y);
    if (!(x == null ? y == null : x.equals(y)))
      throw fail((msg != null ? msg + ": " : "") + y + " != " + x);
    return y;
  }

  static public String deRoundBracket(String s) {
    if (startsWith(s, "(") && endsWith(s, ")"))
      return substring(s, 1, l(s) - 1);
    return s;
  }

  static public String trimJoinSubList(List<String> l, int i, int j) {
    return trim(join(subList(l, i, j)));
  }

  static public String trimJoinSubList(List<String> l, int i) {
    return trim(join(subList(l, i)));
  }

  static public List<String> tok_splitAtEmptyLines(String s) {
    List<Integer> indices = new ArrayList();
    List<String> tok = javaTokWithAllBrackets(s);
    List<String> out = new ArrayList();
    int start = 0;
    String spacing = "";
    for (int i = 2; i + 1 < l(tok); i += 2) {
      int idx = indexOf_regexp(tok.get(i), "\r?\n\\s*\r?\n");
      if (idx < 0)
        continue;
      int idx2 = idx + 1;
      if (tok.get(i).charAt(idx) == '\r')
        ++idx2;
      out.add(dropPrefix("\n", spacing + joinSubList(tok, start, i)));
      start = i + 1;
      spacing = substring(tok.get(i), idx2);
    }
    if (start < l(tok))
      out.add(dropPrefix("\n", spacing + joinSubList(tok, start)));
    return out;
  }

  static public String n2(long l) {
    return formatWithThousands(l);
  }

  static public String n2(Collection l) {
    return n2(l(l));
  }

  static public String n2(double l, String singular) {
    return n2(l, singular, singular + "s");
  }

  static public String n2(double l, String singular, String plural) {
    if (fraction(l) == 0)
      return n2((long) l, singular, plural);
    else
      return l + " " + plural;
  }

  static public String n2(long l, String singular, String plural) {
    return n_fancy2(l, singular, plural);
  }

  static public String n2(long l, String singular) {
    return n_fancy2(l, singular, singular + "s");
  }

  static public String n2(Collection l, String singular) {
    return n2(l(l), singular);
  }

  static public String n2(Collection l, String singular, String plural) {
    return n_fancy2(l, singular, plural);
  }

  static public String n2(Map m, String singular, String plural) {
    return n_fancy2(m, singular, plural);
  }

  static public String n2(Map m, String singular) {
    return n2(l(m), singular);
  }

  static public String n2(Object[] a, String singular) {
    return n2(l(a), singular);
  }

  static public String n2(Object[] a, String singular, String plural) {
    return n_fancy2(a, singular, plural);
  }

  static public String n2(MultiSet ms, String singular, String plural) {
    return n_fancy2(ms, singular, plural);
  }

  static public boolean isSingleLine(String s) {
    return !containsNewLine(s);
  }

  static public <A> Pair<List<A>, List<A>> filterAntiFilter(Iterable<A> c, Object pred) {
    List<A> yes = new ArrayList();
    List<A> no = new ArrayList();
    if (c != null)
      for (A o : c) (isTrue(callF(pred, o)) ? yes : no).add(o);
    return pair(yes, no);
  }

  static public <A> Pair<List<A>, List<A>> filterAntiFilter(Iterable<A> c, IF1<A, Boolean> pred) {
    return filterAntiFilter(c, (Object) pred);
  }

  static public <A> Pair<List<A>, List<A>> filterAntiFilter(IF1<A, Boolean> pred, Iterable<A> c) {
    return filterAntiFilter(c, pred);
  }

  static public <A> Pair<List<A>, List<A>> filterAntiFilter(Object pred, Iterable<A> c) {
    return filterAntiFilter(c, pred);
  }

  static public void pnlStruct(Object o) {
    if (o instanceof Collection)
      pnlStruct(((Collection) o));
    else if (o instanceof Map)
      pnlStruct(((Map) o));
    else if (o != null)
      pnlStruct(ll(o));
  }

  static public <A, B extends Collection<A>> B pnlStruct(B l) {
    pnlStruct((Iterable<A>) l);
    return l;
  }

  static public <A> Iterable<A> pnlStruct(Iterable<A> l) {
    return pnlStruct("", l);
  }

  static public <A> Iterable<A> pnlStruct(String prefix, Iterable<A> l) {
    int i = 0;
    if (l != null)
      for (A a : l) print(prefix + (++i) + ". " + struct_noStringSharing(a));
    return l;
  }

  static public <A> A[] pnlStruct(A[] l) {
    pnlStruct(asList(l));
    return l;
  }

  static public <A, B> Map<A, B> pnlStruct(Map<A, B> map) {
    pnl(map(map, new F2<A, B, Object>() {

      public Object get(A a, B b) {
        try {
          return sfu(a) + " = " + sfu(b);
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "sfu(a) + \" = \" + sfu(b)";
      }
    }));
    return map;
  }

  static public <A, B> LinkedHashMap<A, B> cloneLinkedHashMap(Map<A, B> map) {
    return map == null ? new LinkedHashMap() : new LinkedHashMap(map);
  }

  static public String quoteBorderless(Object o) {
    if (o == null)
      return "null";
    return quoteBorderless(str(o));
  }

  static public String quoteBorderless(String s) {
    if (s == null)
      return "null";
    StringBuilder out = new StringBuilder((int) (l(s) * 1.5));
    quoteBorderless_impl(s, out);
    return out.toString();
  }

  static public void quoteBorderless_impl(String s, StringBuilder out) {
    int l = s.length();
    for (int i = 0; i < l; i++) {
      char c = s.charAt(i);
      if (c == '\\' || c == '"')
        out.append('\\').append(c);
      else if (c == '\r')
        out.append("\\r");
      else if (c == '\n')
        out.append("\\n");
      else
        out.append(c);
    }
  }

  static public boolean startsWithSpace(String s) {
    return nempty(s) && isSpace(first(s));
  }

  static public boolean emptyAfterTrim(String s) {
    return empty(trim(s));
  }

  static public String lines_possiblyRTrim(String originalText, List<String> lines) {
    return endsWithNewLine(originalText) ? lines(lines) : lines_rtrim(lines);
  }

  static public ThreadLocal<Boolean> assertVerbose_value = new ThreadLocal();

  static public void assertVerbose(boolean b) {
    assertVerbose_value.set(b);
  }

  static public boolean assertVerbose() {
    return isTrue(assertVerbose_value.get());
  }

  static public <A> A assertEqualsVerbose(Object x, A y) {
    assertEqualsVerbose((String) null, x, y);
    return y;
  }

  static public <A> A assertEqualsVerbose(String msg, Object x, A y) {
    if (!eq(x, y)) {
      throw fail((msg != null ? msg + ": " : "") + (y) + " != " + (x));
    } else
      print("OK: " + (x));
    return y;
  }

  static public int indexOf_regexp(String s, String pat) {
    Matcher m = compileRegexp(pat).matcher(s);
    return m.find() ? m.start() : -1;
  }

  static public String dropPrefix(String prefix, String s) {
    return s == null ? null : s.startsWith(prefix) ? s.substring(l(prefix)) : s;
  }

  static public String formatWithThousands(long l) {
    return formatWithThousandsSeparator(l);
  }

  static public double fraction(double d) {
    return d % 1;
  }

  static public String n_fancy2(long l, String singular, String plural) {
    return formatWithThousandsSeparator(l) + " " + trim(l == 1 ? singular : plural);
  }

  static public String n_fancy2(Collection l, String singular, String plural) {
    return n_fancy2(l(l), singular, plural);
  }

  static public String n_fancy2(Map m, String singular, String plural) {
    return n_fancy2(l(m), singular, plural);
  }

  static public String n_fancy2(Object[] a, String singular, String plural) {
    return n_fancy2(l(a), singular, plural);
  }

  static public String n_fancy2(MultiSet ms, String singular, String plural) {
    return n_fancy2(l(ms), singular, plural);
  }

  static public boolean isSpace(char c) {
    return " \t\r\n".indexOf(c) >= 0;
  }

  static public boolean endsWithNewLine(String s) {
    return endsWith(s, "\n");
  }

  static public Map<String, java.util.regex.Pattern> compileRegexp_cache = syncMRUCache(10);

  static public java.util.regex.Pattern compileRegexp(String pat) {
    java.util.regex.Pattern p = compileRegexp_cache.get(pat);
    if (p == null) {
      compileRegexp_cache.put(pat, p = java.util.regex.Pattern.compile(pat));
    }
    return p;
  }

  static public String formatWithThousandsSeparator(long l) {
    return NumberFormat.getInstance(new Locale("en_US")).format(l);
  }

  static public <A, B> Map<A, B> syncMRUCache(int size) {
    return synchroMap(new MRUCache(size));
  }

  static abstract public class F2<A, B, C> {

    abstract public C get(A a, B b);
  }
}