import java.util.*;
import java.util.zip.*;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.regex.*;
import java.util.concurrent.*;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.*;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.event.*;
import javax.swing.text.*;
import javax.swing.table.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.lang.reflect.*;
import java.lang.ref.*;
import java.lang.management.*;
import java.security.*;
import java.security.spec.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.awt.image.*;
import javax.imageio.*;
import java.math.*;
import x30_pkg.x30_util;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.VF1;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.l;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.fail;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.indexOf;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.getOpt;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.setOpt;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.callOpt;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.newWeakHashMap;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.newDangerousWeakHashMap;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.get;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.get_raw;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.assertTrue;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.isHeadless;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.isAndroid;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.isTrue;
import x30_pkg.x30_util.DynamicObject;
import loadableUtils.utils;
import static loadableUtils.utils._threadInfo;
import static loadableUtils.utils._threadInheritInfo;
import static loadableUtils.utils._threadInfo_addMakerAndRetriever;
import static loadableUtils.utils.dm_currentModule;
import static loadableUtils.utils.dm_current_mandatory;
import static loadableUtils.utils.match;
import static loadableUtils.utils.getOpt_raw;
import static loadableUtils.utils.setOpt_raw;
import static loadableUtils.utils.getField;
import static loadableUtils.utils.fieldType;
import static loadableUtils.utils.format3;
import static loadableUtils.utils.vm_generalIdentityHashSet;
import static loadableUtils.utils.vm_generalHashMap;
import static loadableUtils.utils.vm_generalWeakSubMap;
import static loadableUtils.utils.bindToComponent;
import static loadableUtils.utils.struct;
import static loadableUtils.utils.structure;
import static loadableUtils.utils.loadPage;
import static loadableUtils.utils.loadPage_utf8;
import static loadableUtils.utils.loadPageSilentlyWithTimeout;
import static loadableUtils.utils.loadPageSilently;
import static loadableUtils.utils.loadSnippet;
import static loadableUtils.utils.loadSnippetQuietly;
import static loadableUtils.utils.sendToLocalBot;
import static loadableUtils.utils.componentPopupMenu;
import static loadableUtils.utils.componentPopupMenu_top;
import static loadableUtils.utils.componentPopupMenu_initForComponent;
import static loadableUtils.utils.componentPopupMenu_getEvent;
import static loadableUtils.utils.listPopupMenu;
import static loadableUtils.utils.tablePopupMenu;
import static loadableUtils.utils.tablePopupMenuFirst;
import static loadableUtils.utils.rowSorter_setComparators;
import static loadableUtils.utils.sexyTableWithoutDrag;
import static loadableUtils.utils.dm_current_generic;
import static loadableUtils.utils.dm_current_mandatory_generic;
import static loadableUtils.utils.cset;
import static loadableUtils.utils.DynamicObject_loading;
import static loadableUtils.utils.concepts_unlisted;
import static loadableUtils.utils.makePopupMenuConditional;
import static loadableUtils.utils.makeConceptsTable_idWidth;
import static loadableUtils.utils.showConceptsTable_afterUpdate;
import static loadableUtils.utils.dynamicObjectIsLoading;
import loadableUtils.utils.F0;
import loadableUtils.utils.F1;
import loadableUtils.utils.IF1;
import loadableUtils.utils.Matches;
import loadableUtils.utils.BetterLabel;
import loadableUtils.utils.SingleComponentPanel;
import loadableUtils.utils.Snippet;
import loadableUtils.utils.Q;
import loadableUtils.utils.ImageSurface;
import loadableUtils.utils.structure_Data;
import loadableUtils.utils.structure_ClassInfo;
import loadableUtils.utils.RGBImage;
import loadableUtils.utils.RGB;
import loadableUtils.utils.BWImage;
import loadableUtils.utils.MakesBufferedImage;
import loadableUtils.utils.MultiSet;
import loadableUtils.utils.Concept;
import loadableUtils.utils.Concepts;
import loadableUtils.utils.IConceptIndex;
import loadableUtils.utils.IFieldIndex;
import loadableUtils.utils.Derefable;
import loadableUtils.utils.ImageSurfaceSelector;
import loadableUtils.utils.SimpleCRUD;
import loadableUtils.utils.PersistableThrowable;
import loadableUtils.utils.DynModule;
import loadableUtils.utils.DynPrintLog;
import loadableUtils.utils.DynObjectTable;
import loadableUtils.utils.DynImageSurface;
import loadableUtils.utils.DynCalculatedList;
import loadableUtils.utils.Rect;
import loadableUtils.utils.Pt;
import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
import javax.net.ssl.*;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import java.text.NumberFormat;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;

class main {

  static public class ImageRecogSpike extends DynModule {

    static public boolean _switchableField_prototypeImageID = true;

    public String prototypeImageID = "#1102884";

    static public boolean _switchableField_inputImageID = true;

    public String inputImageID = "#1102883";

    static public boolean _switchableField_showResizedProtos = true;

    public boolean showResizedProtos = false;

    static public boolean _switchableField_numberOfCandidatesToShow = true;

    public int numberOfCandidatesToShow = 3;

    static public boolean _switchableField_nTimes = true;

    public int nTimes = 10;

    static public boolean _switchableField_assumedPrototypeHeightPercentage = true;

    public double assumedPrototypeHeightPercentage = 70;

    transient public List<Integer> widths = ll(1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128);

    transient public List<IBWIntegralImage> integralImages = new ArrayList();

    transient public BWIntegralImage baseImage;

    transient public JTabbedPane tabs = jTabbedPane();

    transient public ImageSurface isResult;

    transient public BWImage prototypeImage;

    transient public List<OneLevel> levels = new ArrayList();

    transient public Best<Rect> allBest = new Best();

    transient public String status;

    public class OneLevel extends SteppableAndBest<Rect> {

      public IBWIntegralImage ii;

      public BWImage image;

      public BWImage prototype;

      public float minSimilarity = 0.5f;

      public ImageSurface is;

      public Map<Rect, Double> allScores = new HashMap();

      public List<Pt> candidatesQueue = syncLinkedList();

      public Set<Pt> candidatesTried = new HashSet();

      public Iterator<Pt> candidatesStream;

      public void reset() {
        clear(allScores);
        best.clear();
        clear(candidatesQueue);
        clear(candidatesTried);
        makeCandidatesStream();
      }

      public OneLevel(IBWIntegralImage ii) {
        this.ii = ii;
        image = iBWIntegralImageToBWImage(ii);
        int ph = max(1, iround(ii.getHeight() * assumedPrototypeHeightPercentage / 100.0));
        prototype = bwResizeToHeightSmooth(prototypeImage, ph);
        if (showResizedProtos)
          addTab(tabs, "proto " + ii.getWidth(), jFullCenterScroll(jPixelatedZoomedImageSurface(4.0, prototype)));
        makeCandidatesStream();
      }

      public void makeCandidatesStream() {
        candidatesStream = mapI("rectTopLeftCorner", allSubRectsOfSizeIterator(prototype.getWidth(), prototype.getHeight(), imageRect(image)));
      }

      public int width() {
        return ii.getWidth();
      }

      public int height() {
        return ii.getHeight();
      }

      public boolean step() {
        Pt p = nextCandidate();
        if (p != null) {
          tryCandidate(p);
          return true;
        }
        return false;
      }

      public Pt nextCandidate() {
        {
          Pt p = popFirst(candidatesQueue);
          if (p != null)
            return p;
        }
        return nextFromIterator(candidatesStream);
      }

      public void tryCandidate(Pt p) {
        if (!candidatesTried.add(p))
          return;
        int x = p.x, y = p.y, wp = prototype.getWidth(), hp = prototype.getHeight();
        float maxError = (1f - minSimilarity) * wp * hp;
        float diff = bwImageSectionsSimilarity(image, prototype, x, y, maxError);
        if (diff <= maxError)
          putInBestAndMap(best, allScores, new Rect(x, y, wp, hp), 1 - diff / (wp * hp));
      }

      public void showBest() {
        overlaySelectionsOnImageSurface(is, nBest(numberOfCandidatesToShow));
      }

      public List<Rect> nBest(int n) {
        return topTenKeysByValue(n, allScores);
      }
    }

    public void start() {
      try {
        super.start();
        startThread("Start", new Runnable() {

          public void run() {
            try {
              AutoCloseable __11 = enter();
              try {
                try {
                  dm_watchField("numberOfCandidatesToShow", new Runnable() {

                    public void run() {
                      try {
                        showBest();
                      } catch (Exception __e) {
                        throw rethrow(__e);
                      }
                    }

                    public String toString() {
                      return "showBest();";
                    }
                  });
                  if (baseImage == null)
                    baseImage = new BWIntegralImage(loadImage2(inputImageID));
                  addTab(tabs, "Result", isResult = jPixelatedZoomedImageSurface(1.0, iBWIntegralImageToBWImage(baseImage)));
                  if (prototypeImage == null)
                    prototypeImage = loadBWImage(prototypeImageID);
                  for (int w : widths) {
                    IBWIntegralImage ii = scaledIBWIntegralImage(baseImage, w);
                    integralImages.add(ii);
                    ImageSurface is = jPixelatedZoomedImageSurface(doubleRatio(baseImage.getWidth(), w), iBWIntegralImageToBWImage(ii));
                    addTab(tabs, "w=" + w, jFullCenterScroll(is));
                    levels.add(setAll(new OneLevel(ii), "is", is));
                  }
                  addTab(tabs, "Prototype", jFullCenterScroll(jPixelatedZoomedImageSurface(4, prototypeImage)));
                  for (int _repeat_8 = 0; _repeat_8 < nTimes; _repeat_8++) {
                    recogWithTiming();
                  }
                  showBest();
                } catch (Throwable __e) {
                  _handleException(__e);
                }
              } finally {
                _close(__11);
              }
            } catch (Exception __e) {
              throw rethrow(__e);
            }
          }

          public String toString() {
            return "AutoCloseable __11 = enter(); try { try {\r\n    dm_watchField numberOfCandidat...";
          }
        });
      } catch (Exception __e) {
        throw rethrow(__e);
      }
    }

    public void recogWithTiming() {
      long _startTime_9 = sysNow();
      recog();
      done2_always("Recognition", _startTime_9);
      setField("status", "Recognized in " + lastTiming() + " ms: " + allBest);
    }

    public void recog() {
      reset();
      twoLevels(16, 128, 5);
    }

    public void fullSearch() {
      print("Steps: " + stepAll_roundRobin(levels));
      copyBestFromLevel(last(levels));
    }

    public void copyBestFromLevel(OneLevel lvl) {
      if (lvl.best.has())
        allBest.put(scaleBetweenWidths(lvl.width(), baseImage.getWidth(), lvl.best.get()), lvl.best.score);
    }

    public void twoLevels(int width1, int width2, int candidatesToUse) {
      int spiralSize = width2 / width1 * 2;
      int pixelsPerSpiral = sqr(spiralSize);
      print("Spiral size: " + spiralSize + " / " + pixelsPerSpiral);
      int i1 = indexOf(widths, width1), i2 = indexOf(widths, width2);
      if (i1 < 0)
        throw fail("Width " + width1 + " not in list: " + widths);
      if (i2 < 0)
        throw fail("Width " + width2 + " not in list: " + widths);
      OneLevel lvl1 = levels.get(i1), lvl2 = levels.get(i2);
      stepAll(lvl1);
      List<Pt> candidates = scaleBetweenLevels(lvl1, lvl2, map("topLeftCorner", lvl1.nBest(candidatesToUse)));
      for (Pt p : combineIterators_roundRobin(map(candidates, c -> pixelSpiral(c.x, c.y, lvl2.width(), lvl2.height(), pixelsPerSpiral)))) lvl2.tryCandidate(p);
      copyBestFromLevel(lvl2);
    }

    public Rect scaleBetweenWidths(int w1, int w2, Rect r) {
      return scaleRect(doubleRatio(w2, w1), r);
    }

    public Pt scaleBetweenWidths(int w1, int w2, Pt p) {
      return scalePt(doubleRatio(w2, w1), p);
    }

    public Pt scaleBetweenLevels(OneLevel lvl1, OneLevel lvl2, Pt p) {
      return scaleBetweenWidths(lvl1.width(), lvl2.width(), p);
    }

    public List<Pt> scaleBetweenLevels(OneLevel lvl1, OneLevel lvl2, Iterable<Pt> l) {
      return map(l, p -> scaleBetweenLevels(lvl1, lvl2, p));
    }

    public void showBest() {
      for (OneLevel l : levels) l.showBest();
      setImageSurfaceSelection(isResult, allBest.get());
      print("Best: " + allBest);
      print("Candidates tried: " + mapNonNulls(levels, l -> empty(l.candidatesTried) ? null : l(l.candidatesTried) + " for w=" + l.width()));
    }

    public void reset() {
      for (OneLevel l : levels) l.reset();
      allBest.clear();
    }

    public JComponent visualize() {
      return withCenteredButtons(tabs, vstackWithSpacing(withLabel("# of candidates to show:", dm_fieldSpinner("numberOfCandidatesToShow", 1, 100)), dm_centeredLabel("status")));
    }
  }

  static public boolean _moduleClass_ImageRecogSpike = true;

  static public void _onLoad_initUtils() {
    utils.__javax = javax();
  }

  static public void _onLoad_defaultClassFinder() {
    setDefaultClassFinder(new F1<String, Class>() {

      public Class get(String name) {
        try {
          Class c = findClass_fullName(name);
          if (c != null)
            return c;
          if (startsWith(name, "main$"))
            return loadableUtils.utils.findClass_fullName("loadableUtils.utils" + substring(name, 4));
          return null;
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "Class c = findClass_fullName(name);\r\n    if (c != null) ret c;\r\n    if (start...";
      }
    });
  }

  static public Object callF(Object f, Object... args) {
    try {
      if (f instanceof String)
        return callMC((String) f, args);
      return x30_util.callF(f, args);
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public <A> A callF(F0<A> f) {
    return f == null ? null : f.get();
  }

  static public <A> A callF(IF0<A> f) {
    return f == null ? null : f.get();
  }

  static public <A, B> B callF(F1<A, B> f, A a) {
    return f == null ? null : f.get(a);
  }

  static public <A, B> B callF(IF1<A, B> f, A a) {
    return f == null ? null : f.get(a);
  }

  static public <A> void callF(VF1<A> f, A a) {
    if (f != null)
      f.get(a);
  }

  static public Object callMC(String method, Object... args) {
    return call(mc(), method, args);
  }

  static public Object call(Object o) {
    return callF(o);
  }

  static public Object call(Object o, String method, Object... args) {
    return call_withVarargs(o, method, args);
  }

  static public String programID() {
    return getProgramID();
  }

  static public String programID(Object o) {
    return getProgramID(o);
  }

  static volatile public StringBuffer local_log = new StringBuffer();

  static volatile public Appendable print_log = local_log;

  static volatile public int print_log_max = 1024 * 1024;

  static volatile public int local_log_max = 100 * 1024;

  static public boolean print_silent = false;

  static public Object print_byThread_lock = new Object();

  static volatile public ThreadLocal<Object> print_byThread;

  static volatile public Object print_allThreads;

  static volatile public Object print_preprocess;

  static public void print() {
    print("");
  }

  static public <A> A print(String s, A o) {
    print((endsWithLetterOrDigit(s) ? s + ": " : s) + o);
    return o;
  }

  static public <A> A print(A o) {
    ping_okInCleanUp();
    if (print_silent)
      return o;
    String s = String.valueOf(o) + "\n";
    print_noNewLine(s);
    return o;
  }

  static public void print_noNewLine(String s) {
    Object f = getThreadLocal(print_byThread_dontCreate());
    if (f == null)
      f = print_allThreads;
    if (f != null)
      if (isFalse(f instanceof F1 ? ((F1) f).get(s) : callF(f, s)))
        return;
    print_raw(s);
  }

  static public void print_raw(String s) {
    if (print_preprocess != null)
      s = (String) callF(print_preprocess, s);
    s = fixNewLines(s);
    Appendable loc = local_log;
    Appendable buf = print_log;
    int loc_max = print_log_max;
    if (buf != loc && buf != null) {
      print_append(buf, s, print_log_max);
      loc_max = local_log_max;
    }
    if (loc != null)
      print_append(loc, s, loc_max);
    System.out.print(s);
  }

  static public void print_autoRotate() {
  }

  static public AutoCloseable tempInterceptPrintIfNotIntercepted(F1<String, Boolean> f) {
    return print_byThread().get() == null ? tempInterceptPrint(f) : null;
  }

  static public Pt rectTopLeftCorner(Rect r) {
    return r == null ? null : pt(r.x, r.y);
  }

  static public Pt topLeftCorner(Rect r) {
    return rectTopLeftCorner(r);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> ll(A... a) {
    ArrayList l = new ArrayList(a.length);
    if (a != null)
      for (A x : a) l.add(x);
    return l;
  }

  static public JTabbedPane jTabbedPane(Object... x) {
    return jtabs(x);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> syncLinkedList() {
    return synchroLinkedList();
  }

  static public void clear(Collection c) {
    if (c != null)
      c.clear();
  }

  static public void clear(Map map) {
    if (map != null)
      map.clear();
  }

  static public BWImage iBWIntegralImageToBWImage(IBWIntegralImage img) {
    int w = img.getWidth(), h = img.getHeight();
    BWImage out = new BWImage(w, h);
    for (int y = 0; y < h; y++) for (int x = 0; x < w; x++) {
      int pixel = iround(img.getPixelAverage(x, y, x + 1, y + 1));
      out.setByte(x, y, (byte) pixel);
    }
    return out;
  }

  static public int max(int a, int b) {
    return Math.max(a, b);
  }

  static public int max(int a, int b, int c) {
    return max(max(a, b), c);
  }

  static public long max(int a, long b) {
    return Math.max((long) a, b);
  }

  static public long max(long a, long b) {
    return Math.max(a, b);
  }

  static public double max(int a, double b) {
    return Math.max((double) a, b);
  }

  static public float max(float a, float b) {
    return Math.max(a, b);
  }

  static public double max(double a, double b) {
    return Math.max(a, b);
  }

  static public int max(Collection<Integer> c) {
    int x = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
    for (int i : c) x = max(x, i);
    return x;
  }

  static public double max(double[] c) {
    if (c.length == 0)
      return Double.MIN_VALUE;
    double x = c[0];
    for (int i = 1; i < c.length; i++) x = Math.max(x, c[i]);
    return x;
  }

  static public float max(float[] c) {
    if (c.length == 0)
      return Float.MAX_VALUE;
    float x = c[0];
    for (int i = 1; i < c.length; i++) x = Math.max(x, c[i]);
    return x;
  }

  static public byte max(byte[] c) {
    byte x = -128;
    for (byte d : c) if (d > x)
      x = d;
    return x;
  }

  static public short max(short[] c) {
    short x = -0x8000;
    for (short d : c) if (d > x)
      x = d;
    return x;
  }

  static public int max(int[] c) {
    int x = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
    for (int d : c) if (d > x)
      x = d;
    return x;
  }

  static public int iround(double d) {
    return (int) Math.round(d);
  }

  static public int iround(Number n) {
    return iround(toDouble(n));
  }

  static public BWImage bwResizeToHeightSmooth(BWImage img, int h) {
    return new BWImage(scaleImage(img.getBufferedImage(), ((double) h) / img.getHeight()));
  }

  static public void addTab(JTabbedPane tabs, String title, Component c) {
    if (tabs != null) {
      swing(new Runnable() {

        public void run() {
          try {
            tabs.add(title, wrap(c));
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "tabs.add(title, wrap(c));";
        }
      });
    }
  }

  static public JScrollPane jFullCenterScroll(Component c) {
    return jscroll_centered(c);
  }

  static public ImageSurface jPixelatedZoomedImageSurface(double zoom, MakesBufferedImage img) {
    ImageSurface is = imageSurface(toBufferedImage(img));
    imageSurface_pixelated(is);
    is.setZoom(zoom);
    return is;
  }

  static public class mapI_It extends IterableIterator {

    public Object f;

    public Iterator i;

    public mapI_It() {
    }

    public mapI_It(Object f, Iterator i) {
      this.i = i;
      this.f = f;
    }

    public boolean hasNext() {
      return i.hasNext();
    }

    public Object next() {
      return callF(f, i.next());
    }

    public String toString() {
      return formatFunctionCall("mapI", f, i);
    }
  }

  static public IterableIterator mapI(final Object f, final Iterator i) {
    return new mapI_It(f, i);
  }

  static public IterableIterator mapI(IterableIterator i, Object f) {
    return mapI((Iterator) i, f);
  }

  static public IterableIterator mapI(Object f, IterableIterator i) {
    return mapI((Iterator) i, f);
  }

  static public IterableIterator mapI(Iterator i, Object f) {
    return mapI(f, i);
  }

  static public <A, B> IterableIterator<B> mapI(Iterable<A> i, IF1<A, B> f) {
    return mapI(i, (Object) f);
  }

  static public <A, B> IterableIterator<B> mapI(IF1<A, B> f, Iterable<A> i) {
    return mapI(i, (Object) f);
  }

  static public IterableIterator mapI(Iterable i, Object f) {
    return mapI(f, i.iterator());
  }

  static public IterableIterator mapI(Object f, Iterable i) {
    return mapI(i, f);
  }

  static public IterableIterator<Rect> allSubRectsOfSizeIterator(int w, int h, Rect full) {
    if (full == null)
      return emptyItIt();
    int fullW = full.w, fullH = full.h;
    if (w > fullW || h > fullH)
      return emptyItIt();
    int freeplayX = fullW - w + 1, freeplayY = fullH - h + 1, freeplay = freeplayX * freeplayY;
    return mapI(iota_zero(freeplay), i -> rect(full.x + (i % freeplayX), full.y + (i / freeplayX), w, h));
  }

  static public Rect imageRect() {
    return imageRect(currentImage());
  }

  static public Rect imageRect(BufferedImage img) {
    return img == null ? null : new Rect(0, 0, img.getWidth(), img.getHeight());
  }

  static public Rect imageRect(MakesBufferedImage img) {
    return img == null ? null : new Rect(0, 0, img.getWidth(), img.getHeight());
  }

  static public <A> A popFirst(List<A> l) {
    if (empty(l))
      return null;
    A a = first(l);
    l.remove(0);
    return a;
  }

  static public <A> A popFirst(Collection<A> l) {
    if (empty(l))
      return null;
    A a = first(l);
    l.remove(a);
    return a;
  }

  static public <A> List<A> popFirst(int n, List<A> l) {
    List<A> part = cloneSubList(l, 0, n);
    removeSubList(l, 0, n);
    return part;
  }

  static public <A> A nextFromIterator(Iterator<A> it) {
    return it == null || !it.hasNext() ? null : it.next();
  }

  static public float bwImageSectionsSimilarity(BWImage big, BWImage pat, int x, int y, float max) {
    int wp = pat.getWidth(), hp = pat.getHeight();
    int w = big.getWidth(), h = big.getHeight();
    float diff = 0;
    for (int yy = 0; yy < hp; yy++) for (int xx = 0; xx < wp; xx++) {
      diff += Math.abs(big.getPixel(x + xx, y + yy) - pat.getPixel(xx, yy));
      if (diff > max)
        return max + 1;
    }
    return diff;
  }

  static public <A> void putInBestAndMap(Best<A> b, Map<A, Double> m, A key, double value) {
    if (b != null)
      b.put(key, value);
    if (m != null)
      m.put(key, value);
  }

  static public void overlaySelectionsOnImageSurface(final ImageSurface is, final List<Rect> rects) {
    if (is == null)
      return;
    is.overlay = new VF1<Graphics2D>() {

      public void get(Graphics2D g) {
        try {
          for (Rect r : rects) is.drawSelectionRect(g, r.getRectangle(), Color.blue, Color.white);
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "for (Rect r : rects)\r\n      is.drawSelectionRect(g, r.getRectangle(), Color.b...";
      }
    };
    is.repaint();
  }

  static public <A, B> List<A> topTenKeysByValue(Map<A, B> map) {
    return topTenKeysByValue(10, map);
  }

  static public <A, B> List<A> topTenKeysByValue(int n, Map<A, B> map) {
    return takeFirst_cloneIfDifferent(n, keysSortedByValueDesc(map));
  }

  static public Thread startThread(Object runnable) {
    return startThread(defaultThreadName(), runnable);
  }

  static public Thread startThread(String name, Object runnable) {
    runnable = wrapAsActivity(runnable);
    return startThread(newThread(toRunnable(runnable), name));
  }

  static public Thread startThread(Thread t) {
    _registerThread(t);
    t.start();
    return t;
  }

  static public void dm_watchField(String field, Runnable onChange) {
    new Dyn_FieldWatcher(dm_current_mandatory(), field, onChange);
  }

  static public RuntimeException rethrow(Throwable t) {
    if (t instanceof Error)
      _handleError((Error) t);
    throw t instanceof RuntimeException ? (RuntimeException) t : new RuntimeException(t);
  }

  static public RuntimeException rethrow(String msg, Throwable t) {
    throw new RuntimeException(msg, t);
  }

  static public BufferedImage loadImage2(String snippetIDOrURL) {
    return loadBufferedImage(snippetIDOrURL);
  }

  static public BufferedImage loadImage2(File file) {
    return loadBufferedImage(file);
  }

  static public BWImage loadBWImage(String snippetIDOrURL) {
    return new BWImage(loadBufferedImage(snippetIDOrURL));
  }

  static public BWImage loadBWImage(File f) {
    return new BWImage(loadBufferedImage(f));
  }

  static public IBWIntegralImage scaledIBWIntegralImage(IBWIntegralImage img, int w) {
    return scaledIBWIntegralImage(img, w, iround(w * img.getHeight() / (double) img.getWidth()));
  }

  static public IBWIntegralImage scaledIBWIntegralImage(IBWIntegralImage img, int w, int h) {
    return new IBWIntegralImage() {

      public int w1 = img.getWidth(), h1 = img.getHeight();

      public int getWidth() {
        return w;
      }

      public int getHeight() {
        return h;
      }

      public double getPixelAverage(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2) {
        int _x1 = x1 * w1 / w, _x2 = x2 * w1 / w;
        int _y1 = y1 * h1 / h, _y2 = y2 * h1 / h;
        return img.getPixelAverage(_x1, _y1, _x2, _y2);
      }
    };
  }

  static public double doubleRatio(double x, double y) {
    return y == 0 ? 0 : x / y;
  }

  static public <A> A setAll(A o, Map<String, Object> fields) {
    if (fields == null)
      return o;
    for (String field : keys(fields)) set(o, field, fields.get(field));
    return o;
  }

  static public <A> A setAll(A o, Object... values) {
    failIfOddCount(values);
    for (int i = 0; i + 1 < l(values); i += 2) {
      String field = (String) values[i];
      Object value = values[i + 1];
      set(o, field, value);
    }
    return o;
  }

  static volatile public PersistableThrowable _handleException_lastException;

  static public List _handleException_onException = synchroList(ll("printStackTrace2"));

  static public void _handleException(Throwable e) {
    _handleException_lastException = persistableThrowable(e);
    Throwable e2 = innerException(e);
    if (e2.getClass() == RuntimeException.class && eq(e2.getMessage(), "Thread cancelled.") || e2 instanceof InterruptedException)
      return;
    for (Object f : cloneList(_handleException_onException)) try {
      callF(f, e);
    } catch (Throwable e3) {
      printStackTrace2(e3);
    }
  }

  static public void _close(AutoCloseable c) {
    if (c != null)
      try {
        c.close();
      } catch (Throwable e) {
        if (c instanceof javax.imageio.stream.ImageOutputStream)
          return;
        else
          throw rethrow(e);
      }
  }

  static public long sysNow() {
    ping();
    return System.nanoTime() / 1000000;
  }

  static public long done2_always(long startTime, String desc) {
    long time = sysNow() - startTime;
    saveTiming_noPrint(time);
    print(desc + " [" + time + " ms]");
    return time;
  }

  static public long done2_always(String desc, long startTime) {
    return done2_always(startTime, desc);
  }

  static public long done2_always(long startTime) {
    return done2_always(startTime, "");
  }

  static public long lastTiming() {
    return getLastTiming();
  }

  static public long stepAll_roundRobin(Iterable<? extends Steppable> steppables) {
    return exhaustIterator(roundRobinCombinedIterator(lambdaMap(__30 -> steppableToIterator(__30), steppables)));
  }

  static public <A> A last(List<A> l) {
    return empty(l) ? null : l.get(l.size() - 1);
  }

  static public char last(String s) {
    return empty(s) ? '#' : s.charAt(l(s) - 1);
  }

  static public int last(int[] a) {
    return l(a) != 0 ? a[l(a) - 1] : 0;
  }

  static public double last(double[] a) {
    return l(a) != 0 ? a[l(a) - 1] : 0;
  }

  static public <A> A last(A[] a) {
    return l(a) != 0 ? a[l(a) - 1] : null;
  }

  static public <A> A last(Iterator<A> it) {
    A a = null;
    while (it.hasNext()) {
      ping();
      a = it.next();
    }
    return a;
  }

  static public <A> A last(Collection<A> l) {
    if (l == null)
      return null;
    Iterator<A> it = iterator(l);
    A a = null;
    while (it.hasNext()) {
      ping();
      a = it.next();
    }
    return a;
  }

  static public <A> A last(SortedSet<A> l) {
    return l == null ? null : l.last();
  }

  static public int sqr(int i) {
    return i * i;
  }

  static public long sqr(long l) {
    return l * l;
  }

  static public double sqr(double d) {
    return d * d;
  }

  static public float sqr(float f) {
    return f * f;
  }

  static public void stepAll(Steppable s) {
    if (s != null)
      while (s.step()) {
        ping();
      }
  }

  static public List map(Iterable l, Object f) {
    return map(f, l);
  }

  static public List map(Object f, Iterable l) {
    List x = emptyList(l);
    if (l != null)
      for (Object o : l) x.add(callF(f, o));
    return x;
  }

  static public <A, B> List<B> map(Iterable<A> l, F1<A, B> f) {
    return map(f, l);
  }

  static public <A, B> List<B> map(F1<A, B> f, Iterable<A> l) {
    List x = emptyList(l);
    if (l != null)
      for (A o : l) x.add(callF(f, o));
    return x;
  }

  static public <A, B> List<B> map(IF1<A, B> f, Iterable<A> l) {
    return map(l, f);
  }

  static public <A, B> List<B> map(Iterable<A> l, IF1<A, B> f) {
    List x = emptyList(l);
    if (l != null)
      for (A o : l) x.add(f.get(o));
    return x;
  }

  static public <A, B> List<B> map(IF1<A, B> f, A[] l) {
    return map(l, f);
  }

  static public <A, B> List<B> map(A[] l, IF1<A, B> f) {
    List x = emptyList(l);
    if (l != null)
      for (A o : l) x.add(f.get(o));
    return x;
  }

  static public List map(Object f, Object[] l) {
    return map(f, asList(l));
  }

  static public List map(Object[] l, Object f) {
    return map(f, l);
  }

  static public List map(Object f, Map map) {
    return map(map, f);
  }

  static public List map(Map map, Object f) {
    List x = new ArrayList();
    if (map != null)
      for (Object _e : map.entrySet()) {
        Map.Entry e = (Map.Entry) _e;
        x.add(callF(f, e.getKey(), e.getValue()));
      }
    return x;
  }

  static public <A, B, C> List<C> map(Map<A, B> map, IF2<A, B, C> f) {
    return map(map, (Object) f);
  }

  static public <A> IterableIterator<A> combineIterators_roundRobin(Iterator<A>... iterators) {
    return roundRobinCombinedIterator(iterators);
  }

  static public <A> IterableIterator<A> combineIterators_roundRobin(Collection<? extends Iterator<A>> iterators) {
    return roundRobinCombinedIterator(iterators);
  }

  static public IterableIterator<Pt> pixelSpiral(int sx, int sy, int imageWidth, int imageHeight) {
    return pixelSpiral(sx, sy, imageWidth, imageHeight, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
  }

  static public IterableIterator<Pt> pixelSpiral(int sx, int sy, int imageWidth, int imageHeight, int maxPixels) {
    return iff_endOnNull(new F0<Pt>() {

      public int x, y, dx, dy = -1;

      public int maxPixels2 = min(maxPixels, sqr(max4(sx + 1, imageWidth - sx, sy + 1, imageHeight - sy) * 2));

      public int i;

      public Pt get() {
        while (i++ < maxPixels2) {
          int px = sx + x, py = sy + y;
          if ((x == y) || ((x < 0) && (x == -y)) || ((x > 0) && (x == 1 - y))) {
            int t = dx;
            dx = -dy;
            dy = t;
          }
          x += dx;
          y += dy;
          if (px >= 0 && py >= 0 && px < imageWidth && py < imageHeight)
            return pt(px, py);
        }
        return null;
      }
    });
  }

  static public Rect scaleRect(Rect r, double factorX, double factorY) {
    return new Rect(iround(r.x * factorX), iround(r.y * factorY), iround(r.w * factorX), iround(r.h * factorY));
  }

  static public Rect scaleRect(Rect r, double factor) {
    return scaleRect(r, factor, factor);
  }

  static public Rect scaleRect(double factor, Rect r) {
    return scaleRect(r, factor);
  }

  static public Pt scalePt(Pt p, double f) {
    return new Pt(iround(p.x * f), iround(p.y * f));
  }

  static public Pt scalePt(double f, Pt p) {
    return scalePt(p, f);
  }

  static public void setImageSurfaceSelection(ImageSurface is, Rect r) {
    if (is != null)
      is.setSelection(toRectangle(r));
  }

  static public List mapNonNulls(Iterable l, Object f) {
    return mapNonNulls(f, l);
  }

  static public List mapNonNulls(Object f, Iterable l) {
    List x = new ArrayList();
    if (l != null)
      for (Object o : l) addIfNotNull(x, callF(f, o));
    return x;
  }

  static public List mapNonNulls(Object f, Object[] l) {
    List x = new ArrayList();
    if (l != null)
      for (Object o : l) addIfNotNull(x, callF(f, o));
    return x;
  }

  static public <A, B> List<B> mapNonNulls(Iterable<A> l, F1<A, B> f) {
    return mapNonNulls(f, l);
  }

  static public <A, B> List<B> mapNonNulls(F1<A, B> f, Iterable<A> l) {
    List x = new ArrayList();
    if (l != null)
      for (Object o : l) addIfNotNull(x, callF(f, o));
    return x;
  }

  static public <A, B> List<B> mapNonNulls(A[] l, IF1<A, B> f) {
    return mapNonNulls(f, l);
  }

  static public <A, B> List<B> mapNonNulls(Iterable<A> l, IF1<A, B> f) {
    List x = emptyList(l);
    if (l != null)
      for (A o : l) addIfNotNull(x, f.get(o));
    return x;
  }

  static public <A, B> List<B> mapNonNulls(IF1<A, B> f, Iterable<A> l) {
    return mapNonNulls(l, f);
  }

  static public boolean empty(Collection c) {
    return c == null || c.isEmpty();
  }

  static public boolean empty(CharSequence s) {
    return s == null || s.length() == 0;
  }

  static public boolean empty(Map map) {
    return map == null || map.isEmpty();
  }

  static public boolean empty(Object[] o) {
    return o == null || o.length == 0;
  }

  static public boolean empty(Object o) {
    if (o instanceof Collection)
      return empty((Collection) o);
    if (o instanceof String)
      return empty((String) o);
    if (o instanceof Map)
      return empty((Map) o);
    if (o instanceof Object[])
      return empty((Object[]) o);
    if (o instanceof byte[])
      return empty((byte[]) o);
    if (o == null)
      return true;
    throw fail("unknown type for 'empty': " + getType(o));
  }

  static public boolean empty(Iterator i) {
    return i == null || !i.hasNext();
  }

  static public boolean empty(double[] a) {
    return a == null || a.length == 0;
  }

  static public boolean empty(float[] a) {
    return a == null || a.length == 0;
  }

  static public boolean empty(int[] a) {
    return a == null || a.length == 0;
  }

  static public boolean empty(long[] a) {
    return a == null || a.length == 0;
  }

  static public boolean empty(byte[] a) {
    return a == null || a.length == 0;
  }

  static public boolean empty(short[] a) {
    return a == null || a.length == 0;
  }

  static public boolean empty(MultiSet ms) {
    return ms == null || ms.isEmpty();
  }

  static public boolean empty(File f) {
    return getFileSize(f) == 0;
  }

  static public JPanel withCenteredButtons(JComponent center, Object... params) {
    return centerAndSouth(center, withMargin(jcenteredbuttons(params)));
  }

  static public int vstackWithSpacing_default = 10;

  static public JPanel vstackWithSpacing(final List parts) {
    return vstackWithSpacing(parts, vstackWithSpacing_default);
  }

  static public JPanel vstackWithSpacing(final List parts, final int spacing) {
    return swing(new F0<JPanel>() {

      public JPanel get() {
        try {
          JPanel panel = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
          GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();
          gbc.weightx = 1;
          gbc.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;
          gbc.gridwidth = GridBagConstraints.REMAINDER;
          gbc.insets = new Insets(spacing / 2, 0, spacing / 2, 0);
          smartAddWithLayout(panel, gbc, toObjectArray(nonNulls(parts)));
          gbc.weighty = 1;
          gbc.insets = new Insets(0, 0, 0, 0);
          panel.add(jrigid(), gbc);
          return panel;
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "JPanel panel = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout);\r\n    new GridBagConstraints gbc...";
      }
    });
  }

  static public JPanel vstackWithSpacing(Component... parts) {
    return vstackWithSpacing(asList(parts), vstackWithSpacing_default);
  }

  static public JPanel vstackWithSpacing(int spacing, Component... parts) {
    return vstackWithSpacing(asList(parts), spacing);
  }

  public static JComponent withLabel(String label, JComponent component) {
    return westAndCenter(jlabel(label + " "), component);
  }

  static public JSpinner dm_fieldSpinner(String fieldName, int min, int max) {
    return liveValueSpinner(dm_fieldLiveValue(fieldName), min, max);
  }

  static public JLabel dm_centeredLabel(String fieldName) {
    return dm_centeredFieldLabel(fieldName);
  }

  static public Map<String, Status> status_map;

  static abstract public class Status {

    abstract public String answer(String s);
  }

  static synchronized public Status status() {
    status_load();
    return status_map.get(getDialogID());
  }

  static public void status_load() {
    if (status_map == null) {
      status_map = new TreeMap();
      load("status_map");
    }
  }

  static synchronized public void status(Status s) {
    status_load();
    if (s == null)
      status_map.remove(getDialogID());
    else
      status_map.put(getDialogID(), s);
    save("status_map");
  }

  static public String status_answer(String s) {
    Status status = status();
    if (status != null)
      return status.answer(s);
    return null;
  }

  static public Class javax() {
    return getJavaX();
  }

  static public void setDefaultClassFinder(Object cf) {
    _defaultClassFinder_value = cf;
  }

  static public HashMap<String, Class> findClass_fullName_cache = new HashMap();

  static public Class findClass_fullName(String name) {
    synchronized (findClass_fullName_cache) {
      if (findClass_fullName_cache.containsKey(name))
        return findClass_fullName_cache.get(name);
      Class c;
      try {
        c = Class.forName(name);
      } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
        c = null;
      }
      findClass_fullName_cache.put(name, c);
      return c;
    }
  }

  static public boolean startsWith(String a, String b) {
    return a != null && a.startsWith(b);
  }

  static public boolean startsWith(String a, char c) {
    return nemptyString(a) && a.charAt(0) == c;
  }

  static public boolean startsWith(String a, String b, Matches m) {
    if (!startsWith(a, b))
      return false;
    m.m = new String[] { substring(a, strL(b)) };
    return true;
  }

  static public boolean startsWith(List a, List b) {
    if (a == null || listL(b) > listL(a))
      return false;
    for (int i = 0; i < listL(b); i++) if (neq(a.get(i), b.get(i)))
      return false;
    return true;
  }

  static public String substring(String s, int x) {
    return substring(s, x, strL(s));
  }

  static public String substring(String s, int x, int y) {
    if (s == null)
      return null;
    if (x < 0)
      x = 0;
    if (x >= s.length())
      return "";
    if (y < x)
      y = x;
    if (y > s.length())
      y = s.length();
    return s.substring(x, y);
  }

  static public String substring(String s, CharSequence l) {
    return substring(s, l(l));
  }

  static public Class mc() {
    return main.class;
  }

  static public Object call_withVarargs(Object o, String method, Object... args) {
    try {
      if (o == null)
        return null;
      if (o instanceof Class) {
        Class c = (Class) o;
        _MethodCache cache = callOpt_getCache(c);
        Method me = cache.findStaticMethod(method, args);
        if (me != null)
          return invokeMethod(me, null, args);
        List<Method> methods = cache.cache.get(method);
        if (methods != null)
          methodSearch: for (Method m : methods) {
            {
              if (!(m.isVarArgs()))
                continue;
            }
            {
              if (!(isStaticMethod(m)))
                continue;
            }
            Object[] newArgs = massageArgsForVarArgsCall(m, args);
            if (newArgs != null)
              return invokeMethod(m, null, newArgs);
          }
        throw fail("Method " + c.getName() + "." + method + "(" + joinWithComma(classNames(args)) + ") not found");
      } else {
        Class c = o.getClass();
        _MethodCache cache = callOpt_getCache(c);
        Method me = cache.findMethod(method, args);
        if (me != null)
          return invokeMethod(me, o, args);
        List<Method> methods = cache.cache.get(method);
        if (methods != null)
          methodSearch: for (Method m : methods) {
            {
              if (!(m.isVarArgs()))
                continue;
            }
            Object[] newArgs = massageArgsForVarArgsCall(m, args);
            if (newArgs != null)
              return invokeMethod(m, o, newArgs);
          }
        throw fail("Method " + c.getName() + "." + method + "(" + joinWithComma(classNames(args)) + ") not found");
      }
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public Throwable printStackTrace2(Throwable e) {
    print(getStackTrace2(e));
    return e;
  }

  static public void printStackTrace2() {
    printStackTrace2(new Throwable());
  }

  static public void printStackTrace2(String msg) {
    printStackTrace2(new Throwable(msg));
  }

  static public Object _defaultClassFinder_value = defaultDefaultClassFinder();

  static public Object _defaultClassFinder() {
    return _defaultClassFinder_value;
  }

  static public String programID;

  static public String getProgramID() {
    return nempty(programID) ? formatSnippetIDOpt(programID) : "?";
  }

  static public String getProgramID(Class c) {
    String id = (String) getOpt(c, "programID");
    if (nempty(id))
      return formatSnippetID(id);
    return "?";
  }

  static public String getProgramID(Object o) {
    return getProgramID(getMainClass(o));
  }

  static public boolean endsWithLetterOrDigit(String s) {
    return s != null && s.length() > 0 && Character.isLetterOrDigit(s.charAt(s.length() - 1));
  }

  static public void ping_okInCleanUp() {
    if (ping_pauseAll || ping_anyActions)
      ping_impl(true);
  }

  static public Object getThreadLocal(Object o, String name) {
    ThreadLocal t = (ThreadLocal) (getOpt(o, name));
    return t != null ? t.get() : null;
  }

  static public <A> A getThreadLocal(ThreadLocal<A> tl) {
    return tl == null ? null : tl.get();
  }

  static public <A> A getThreadLocal(ThreadLocal<A> tl, A defaultValue) {
    return or(getThreadLocal(tl), defaultValue);
  }

  static public ThreadLocal<Object> print_byThread_dontCreate() {
    return print_byThread;
  }

  static public boolean isFalse(Object o) {
    return eq(false, o);
  }

  static public String fixNewLines(String s) {
    int i = indexOf(s, '\r');
    if (i < 0)
      return s;
    int l = s.length();
    StringBuilder out = new StringBuilder(l);
    out.append(s, 0, i);
    for (; i < l; i++) {
      char c = s.charAt(i);
      if (c != '\r')
        out.append(c);
      else {
        out.append('\n');
        if (i + 1 < l && s.charAt(i + 1) == '\n')
          ++i;
      }
    }
    return out.toString();
  }

  static public void print_append(Appendable buf, String s, int max) {
    try {
      synchronized (buf) {
        buf.append(s);
        if (buf instanceof StringBuffer)
          rotateStringBuffer(((StringBuffer) buf), max);
        else if (buf instanceof StringBuilder)
          rotateStringBuilder(((StringBuilder) buf), max);
      }
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public ThreadLocal<Object> print_byThread() {
    synchronized (print_byThread_lock) {
      if (print_byThread == null)
        print_byThread = new ThreadLocal();
    }
    return print_byThread;
  }

  static public AutoCloseable tempInterceptPrint(F1<String, Boolean> f) {
    return tempSetThreadLocal(print_byThread(), f);
  }

  static public Pt pt(int x, int y) {
    return new Pt(x, y);
  }

  static public Pt pt(int x) {
    return new Pt(x, x);
  }

  static public JTabbedPane jtabs(Object... x) {
    return fillJTabs(swingNu(JTabbedPane.class), x);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> synchroLinkedList() {
    return Collections.synchronizedList(new LinkedList<A>());
  }

  static public double toDouble(Object o) {
    if (o instanceof Number)
      return ((Number) o).doubleValue();
    if (o instanceof BigInteger)
      return ((BigInteger) o).doubleValue();
    if (o == null)
      return 0.0;
    throw fail(o);
  }

  static public BufferedImage scaleImage(BufferedImage before, double scale) {
    return scaleImage(before, scale, scale);
  }

  static public BufferedImage scaleImage(BufferedImage before, double scaleX, double scaleY) {
    if (scaleX == 1 && scaleY == 1)
      return before;
    int w = before.getWidth();
    int h = before.getHeight();
    int neww = max(1, iround(w * scaleX)), newh = max(1, iround(h * scaleY));
    BufferedImage after = new BufferedImage(neww, newh, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
    AffineTransform at = new AffineTransform();
    at.scale(scaleX, scaleY);
    AffineTransformOp scaleOp = new AffineTransformOp(at, AffineTransformOp.TYPE_BILINEAR);
    return scaleOp.filter(before, after);
  }

  static public BufferedImage scaleImage(double scale, BufferedImage before) {
    return scaleImage(before, scale);
  }

  static public Object swing(Object f) {
    return swingAndWait(f);
  }

  static public <A> A swing(F0<A> f) {
    return (A) swingAndWait(f);
  }

  static public <A> A swing(IF0<A> f) {
    return (A) swingAndWait(f);
  }

  static public JComponent wrap(Object swingable) {
    return _recordNewSwingComponent(wrap_2(swingable));
  }

  static public JComponent wrap_2(Object swingable) {
    if (swingable == null)
      return null;
    JComponent c;
    if (swingable instanceof Component)
      c = componentToJComponent(((Component) swingable));
    else
      c = componentToJComponent((Component) callOpt(swingable, "swing"));
    if (c instanceof JTable || c instanceof JList || c instanceof JTextArea || c instanceof JEditorPane || c instanceof JTextPane || c instanceof JTree)
      return jscroll(c);
    return c == null ? jlabel(str(swingable)) : c;
  }

  static public JScrollPane jscroll_centered(Component c) {
    return jscroll(jFullCenter(c));
  }

  static public ImageSurface imageSurface(BufferedImage img) {
    return swingNu(ImageSurface.class, img);
  }

  static public ImageSurface imageSurface(MakesBufferedImage img) {
    return swingNu(ImageSurface.class, img);
  }

  static public ImageSurface imageSurface() {
    return swingNu(ImageSurface.class);
  }

  static public BufferedImage toBufferedImage(Object o) {
    return toBufferedImageOpt(o);
  }

  static public void imageSurface_pixelated(ImageSurface imageSurface) {
    imageSurface.setDoubleBuffered(true);
    imageSurface.noAlpha = true;
    imageSurface.interpolationMode = RenderingHints.VALUE_INTERPOLATION_NEAREST_NEIGHBOR;
  }

  static public String formatFunctionCall(String fname, Object... args) {
    return fname + "(" + joinWithComma(allToString(args)) + ")";
  }

  static public <A> IterableIterator<A> emptyItIt() {
    return emptyIterableIterator();
  }

  static public IterableIterator<Integer> iota_zero(final int n) {
    return new IterableIterator<Integer>() {

      public int i = 0;

      public boolean hasNext() {
        return i < n;
      }

      public Integer next() {
        return i++;
      }
    };
  }

  static public Rect rect(int x, int y, int w, int h) {
    return new Rect(x, y, w, h);
  }

  static public ThreadLocal<BufferedImage> currentImage_var = new ThreadLocal();

  static public BufferedImage currentImage() {
    return currentImage_var.get();
  }

  static public void currentImage(BufferedImage img) {
    currentImage_var.set(img);
  }

  static public Object first(Object list) {
    return first((Iterable) list);
  }

  static public <A> A first(List<A> list) {
    return empty(list) ? null : list.get(0);
  }

  static public <A> A first(A[] bla) {
    return bla == null || bla.length == 0 ? null : bla[0];
  }

  static public <A> A first(IterableIterator<A> i) {
    return first((Iterator<A>) i);
  }

  static public <A> A first(Iterator<A> i) {
    return i == null || !i.hasNext() ? null : i.next();
  }

  static public <A> A first(Iterable<A> i) {
    if (i == null)
      return null;
    Iterator<A> it = i.iterator();
    return it.hasNext() ? it.next() : null;
  }

  static public Character first(String s) {
    return empty(s) ? null : s.charAt(0);
  }

  static public <A, B> A first(Pair<A, B> p) {
    return p == null ? null : p.a;
  }

  static public Byte first(byte[] l) {
    return empty(l) ? null : l[0];
  }

  static public <A> List<A> cloneSubList(List<A> l, int startIndex, int endIndex) {
    return newSubList(l, startIndex, endIndex);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> cloneSubList(List<A> l, int startIndex) {
    return newSubList(l, startIndex);
  }

  static public void removeSubList(List l, int from, int to) {
    if (l != null)
      subList(l, from, to).clear();
  }

  static public void removeSubList(List l, int from) {
    if (l != null)
      subList(l, from).clear();
  }

  static public <A> List<A> takeFirst_cloneIfDifferent(List<A> l, int n) {
    return l(l) <= n ? l : subList_cloneIfDifferent(l, 0, n);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> takeFirst_cloneIfDifferent(int n, List<A> l) {
    return takeFirst_cloneIfDifferent(l, n);
  }

  static public <A, B> List<A> keysSortedByValueDesc(final Map<A, B> map) {
    return keysSortedByValuesDesc(map);
  }

  static public String defaultThreadName_name;

  static public String defaultThreadName() {
    if (defaultThreadName_name == null)
      defaultThreadName_name = "A thread by " + programID();
    return defaultThreadName_name;
  }

  static public Runnable wrapAsActivity(Object r) {
    return toRunnable(r);
  }

  static public Thread newThread(Object runnable) {
    return new Thread(_topLevelErrorHandling(toRunnable(runnable)));
  }

  static public Thread newThread(Object runnable, String name) {
    if (name == null)
      name = defaultThreadName();
    return new Thread(_topLevelErrorHandling(toRunnable(runnable)), name);
  }

  static public Thread newThread(String name, Object runnable) {
    return newThread(runnable, name);
  }

  static public Runnable toRunnable(final Object o) {
    if (o instanceof Runnable)
      return (Runnable) o;
    return new Runnable() {

      public void run() {
        try {
          callF(o);
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "callF(o)";
      }
    };
  }

  static public Map<Thread, Boolean> _registerThread_threads;

  static public Object _onRegisterThread;

  static public Thread _registerThread(Thread t) {
    if (_registerThread_threads == null)
      _registerThread_threads = newWeakHashMap();
    _registerThread_threads.put(t, true);
    vm_generalWeakSubMap("thread2mc").put(t, weakRef(mc()));
    callF(_onRegisterThread, t);
    return t;
  }

  static public void _registerThread() {
    _registerThread(Thread.currentThread());
  }

  static public void _handleError(Error e) {
    call(javax(), "_handleError", e);
  }

  static public boolean loadBufferedImage_useImageCache = true;

  static public BufferedImage loadBufferedImage(String snippetIDOrURLOrFile) {
    try {
      ping();
      if (snippetIDOrURLOrFile == null)
        return null;
      if (isURL(snippetIDOrURLOrFile))
        return imageIO_readURL(snippetIDOrURLOrFile);
      if (isAbsolutePath(snippetIDOrURLOrFile))
        return loadBufferedImage(new File(snippetIDOrURLOrFile));
      if (!isSnippetID(snippetIDOrURLOrFile))
        throw fail("Not a URL or snippet ID or file: " + snippetIDOrURLOrFile);
      String snippetID = "" + parseSnippetID(snippetIDOrURLOrFile);
      IResourceLoader rl = vm_getResourceLoader();
      if (rl != null)
        return loadBufferedImage(rl.loadLibrary(snippetID));
      File dir = imageSnippetsCacheDir();
      if (loadBufferedImage_useImageCache) {
        dir.mkdirs();
        File file = new File(dir, snippetID + ".png");
        if (file.exists() && file.length() != 0)
          try {
            return ImageIO.read(file);
          } catch (Throwable e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
          }
      }
      String imageURL = snippetImageURL_http(snippetID);
      print("Loading image: " + imageURL);
      BufferedImage image = imageIO_readURL(imageURL);
      if (loadBufferedImage_useImageCache) {
        File tempFile = new File(dir, snippetID + ".tmp." + System.currentTimeMillis());
        ImageIO.write(image, "png", tempFile);
        tempFile.renameTo(new File(dir, snippetID + ".png"));
      }
      return image;
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public BufferedImage loadBufferedImage(File file) {
    try {
      return file.isFile() ? ImageIO.read(file) : null;
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public <A, B> Set<A> keys(Map<A, B> map) {
    return map == null ? new HashSet() : map.keySet();
  }

  static public Set keys(Object map) {
    return keys((Map) map);
  }

  static public <A> Set<A> keys(MultiSet<A> ms) {
    return ms.keySet();
  }

  static public <A> A set(A o, String field, Object value) {
    if (o == null)
      return null;
    if (o instanceof Class)
      set((Class) o, field, value);
    else
      try {
        Field f = set_findField(o.getClass(), field);
        makeAccessible(f);
        smartSet(f, o, value);
      } catch (Exception e) {
        throw new RuntimeException(e);
      }
    return o;
  }

  static public void set(Class c, String field, Object value) {
    if (c == null)
      return;
    try {
      Field f = set_findStaticField(c, field);
      makeAccessible(f);
      smartSet(f, null, value);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      throw new RuntimeException(e);
    }
  }

  static public Field set_findStaticField(Class<?> c, String field) {
    Class _c = c;
    do {
      for (Field f : _c.getDeclaredFields()) if (f.getName().equals(field) && (f.getModifiers() & java.lang.reflect.Modifier.STATIC) != 0)
        return f;
      _c = _c.getSuperclass();
    } while (_c != null);
    throw new RuntimeException("Static field '" + field + "' not found in " + c.getName());
  }

  static public Field set_findField(Class<?> c, String field) {
    Class _c = c;
    do {
      for (Field f : _c.getDeclaredFields()) if (f.getName().equals(field))
        return f;
      _c = _c.getSuperclass();
    } while (_c != null);
    throw new RuntimeException("Field '" + field + "' not found in " + c.getName());
  }

  static public void failIfOddCount(Object... list) {
    if (odd(l(list)))
      throw fail("Odd list size: " + list);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> synchroList() {
    return Collections.synchronizedList(new ArrayList<A>());
  }

  static public <A> List<A> synchroList(List<A> l) {
    return Collections.synchronizedList(l);
  }

  static public PersistableThrowable persistableThrowable(Throwable e) {
    return e == null ? null : new PersistableThrowable(e);
  }

  static public Throwable innerException(Throwable e) {
    return getInnerException(e);
  }

  static public boolean eq(Object a, Object b) {
    return a == b || (a == null ? b == null : b != null && a.equals(b));
  }

  static public <A> ArrayList<A> cloneList(Iterable<A> l) {
    return l instanceof Collection ? cloneList((Collection) l) : asList(l);
  }

  static public <A> ArrayList<A> cloneList(Collection<A> l) {
    if (l == null)
      return new ArrayList();
    synchronized (collectionMutex(l)) {
      return new ArrayList<A>(l);
    }
  }

  static volatile public boolean ping_pauseAll = false;

  static public int ping_sleep = 100;

  static volatile public boolean ping_anyActions = false;

  static public Map<Thread, Object> ping_actions = newWeakHashMap();

  static public ThreadLocal<Boolean> ping_isCleanUpThread = new ThreadLocal();

  static public boolean ping() {
    if (ping_pauseAll || ping_anyActions)
      ping_impl(true);
    return true;
  }

  static public boolean ping_impl(boolean okInCleanUp) {
    try {
      if (ping_pauseAll && !isAWTThread()) {
        do Thread.sleep(ping_sleep); while (ping_pauseAll);
        return true;
      }
      if (ping_anyActions) {
        if (!okInCleanUp && !isTrue(ping_isCleanUpThread.get()))
          failIfUnlicensed();
        Object action = null;
        synchronized (ping_actions) {
          if (!ping_actions.isEmpty()) {
            action = ping_actions.get(currentThread());
            if (action instanceof Runnable)
              ping_actions.remove(currentThread());
            if (ping_actions.isEmpty())
              ping_anyActions = false;
          }
        }
        if (action instanceof Runnable)
          ((Runnable) action).run();
        else if (eq(action, "cancelled"))
          throw fail("Thread cancelled.");
      }
      return false;
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public ThreadLocal<Long> saveTiming_last = new ThreadLocal();

  static public void saveTiming(long ms) {
    print(ms + " ms");
    saveTiming_noPrint(ms);
  }

  static public void saveTiming_noPrint(long ms) {
    saveTiming_last.set(ms);
  }

  static public long getLastTiming() {
    ThreadLocal<Long> tl = (ThreadLocal<Long>) (getOpt(getMainClass(), "saveTiming_last"));
    if (tl == null)
      return -1;
    Long l = tl.get();
    return l == null ? -1 : l;
  }

  static public <A> long exhaustIterator(Iterator<A> it) {
    long n = 0;
    if (it != null)
      while (it.hasNext()) {
        ping();
        ++n;
        it.next();
      }
    return n;
  }

  static public <A> IterableIterator<A> roundRobinCombinedIterator(Iterator<A>... iterators) {
    return roundRobinCombinedIterator(wrapAsList(iterators));
  }

  static public <A> IterableIterator<A> roundRobinCombinedIterator(Collection<? extends Iterator<A>> iterators) {
    if (empty(iterators))
      return emptyItIt();
    class Robin implements IF0 {

      public List<? extends Iterator<A>> activeIterators = cloneList(iterators);

      public int i;

      public Object get() {
        while (licensed()) {
          Iterator<A> it = activeIterators.get(i);
          if (!it.hasNext()) {
            activeIterators.remove(i);
            if (empty(activeIterators))
              break;
            i %= l(activeIterators);
          } else {
            i = (i + 1) % l(activeIterators);
            return it.next();
          }
        }
        return endMarker();
      }
    }
    return iff(new Robin());
  }

  static public <A, B> List<B> lambdaMap(IF1<A, B> f, Iterable<A> l) {
    return map(l, f);
  }

  static public IterableIterator<Object> steppableToIterator(Steppable s) {
    return s == null ? emptyItIt() : iff(() -> s.step() ? null : endMarker());
  }

  static public <A> Iterator<A> iterator(Iterable<A> c) {
    return c == null ? emptyIterator() : c.iterator();
  }

  static public ArrayList emptyList() {
    return new ArrayList();
  }

  static public ArrayList emptyList(int capacity) {
    return new ArrayList(max(0, capacity));
  }

  static public ArrayList emptyList(Iterable l) {
    return l instanceof Collection ? emptyList(((Collection) l).size()) : emptyList();
  }

  static public ArrayList emptyList(Object[] l) {
    return emptyList(l(l));
  }

  static public <A> ArrayList<A> emptyList(Class<A> c) {
    return new ArrayList();
  }

  static public <A> ArrayList<A> asList(A[] a) {
    return a == null ? new ArrayList<A>() : new ArrayList<A>(Arrays.asList(a));
  }

  static public ArrayList<Integer> asList(int[] a) {
    if (a == null)
      return null;
    ArrayList<Integer> l = emptyList(a.length);
    for (int i : a) l.add(i);
    return l;
  }

  static public ArrayList<Float> asList(float[] a) {
    if (a == null)
      return null;
    ArrayList<Float> l = emptyList(a.length);
    for (float i : a) l.add(i);
    return l;
  }

  static public ArrayList<Double> asList(double[] a) {
    if (a == null)
      return null;
    ArrayList<Double> l = emptyList(a.length);
    for (double i : a) l.add(i);
    return l;
  }

  static public <A> ArrayList<A> asList(Iterable<A> s) {
    if (s instanceof ArrayList)
      return (ArrayList) s;
    ArrayList l = new ArrayList();
    if (s != null)
      for (A a : s) l.add(a);
    return l;
  }

  static public <A> ArrayList<A> asList(Producer<A> p) {
    ArrayList l = new ArrayList();
    A a;
    if (p != null)
      while ((a = p.next()) != null) l.add(a);
    return l;
  }

  static public <A> ArrayList<A> asList(Enumeration<A> e) {
    ArrayList l = new ArrayList();
    if (e != null)
      while (e.hasMoreElements()) l.add(e.nextElement());
    return l;
  }

  static public <A> IterableIterator<A> iff_endOnNull(final Object f) {
    return iteratorFromFunction(f);
  }

  static public <A> IterableIterator<A> iff_endOnNull(F0<A> f) {
    return iteratorFromFunction(f);
  }

  static public int min(int a, int b) {
    return Math.min(a, b);
  }

  static public long min(long a, long b) {
    return Math.min(a, b);
  }

  static public float min(float a, float b) {
    return Math.min(a, b);
  }

  static public float min(float a, float b, float c) {
    return min(min(a, b), c);
  }

  static public double min(double a, double b) {
    return Math.min(a, b);
  }

  static public double min(double[] c) {
    double x = Double.MAX_VALUE;
    for (double d : c) x = Math.min(x, d);
    return x;
  }

  static public float min(float[] c) {
    float x = Float.MAX_VALUE;
    for (float d : c) x = Math.min(x, d);
    return x;
  }

  static public byte min(byte[] c) {
    byte x = 127;
    for (byte d : c) if (d < x)
      x = d;
    return x;
  }

  static public short min(short[] c) {
    short x = 0x7FFF;
    for (short d : c) if (d < x)
      x = d;
    return x;
  }

  static public int min(int[] c) {
    int x = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
    for (int d : c) if (d < x)
      x = d;
    return x;
  }

  static public int max4(int a, int b, int c, int d) {
    return max(max(a, b, c), d);
  }

  static public Rectangle toRectangle(Rect r) {
    return r == null ? null : r.getRectangle();
  }

  static public <A> void addIfNotNull(Collection<A> l, A a) {
    if (a != null && l != null)
      l.add(a);
  }

  static public <A> void addIfNotNull(MultiSet<A> ms, A a) {
    if (a != null && ms != null)
      ms.add(a);
  }

  static public String getType(Object o) {
    return getClassName(o);
  }

  static public long getFileSize(String path) {
    return path == null ? 0 : new File(path).length();
  }

  static public long getFileSize(File f) {
    return f == null ? 0 : f.length();
  }

  static public JPanel centerAndSouth(final Component c, final Component s) {
    return swing(new F0<JPanel>() {

      public JPanel get() {
        try {
          JPanel panel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
          panel.add(BorderLayout.CENTER, wrap(c));
          if (s != null)
            panel.add(BorderLayout.SOUTH, wrap(s));
          return panel;
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "JPanel panel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout);\r\n    panel.add(BorderLayout.CENT...";
      }
    });
  }

  static public int withMargin_defaultWidth = 6;

  static public JPanel withMargin(Component c) {
    return withMargin(withMargin_defaultWidth, c);
  }

  static public JPanel withMargin(int w, Component c) {
    return withMargin(w, w, c);
  }

  static public JPanel withMargin(int w, int h, Component c) {
    return withMargin(w, h, w, h, c);
  }

  static public JPanel withMargin(final int top, final int left, final int bottom, final int right, final Component c) {
    return swing(new F0<JPanel>() {

      public JPanel get() {
        try {
          JPanel p = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
          p.setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(top, left, bottom, right));
          p.add(c);
          return p;
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "JPanel p = new JPanel(new BorderLayout);\r\n    p.setBorder(BorderFactory.creat...";
      }
    });
  }

  static public JPanel jcenteredbuttons(Object... params) {
    return jcenteredline(paramsToButtons(params));
  }

  static public JPanel smartAddWithLayout(JPanel panel, Object layout, List parts) {
    for (Object o : parts) panel.add(wrapForSmartAdd(o), layout);
    return panel;
  }

  static public JPanel smartAddWithLayout(JPanel panel, Object layout, Object... parts) {
    return smartAddWithLayout(panel, layout, asList(flattenArray2(parts)));
  }

  static public Object[] toObjectArray(Collection c) {
    List l = asList(c);
    return l.toArray(new Object[l.size()]);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> nonNulls(List<A> l) {
    return withoutNulls(l);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> nonNulls(A[] l) {
    return withoutNulls(l);
  }

  static public <A, B> Map<A, B> nonNulls(Map<A, B> map) {
    return withoutNulls(map);
  }

  static public Component jrigid() {
    return javax.swing.Box.createRigidArea(new Dimension(0, 0));
  }

  static public JPanel westAndCenter(final Component w, final Component c) {
    return swing(new F0<JPanel>() {

      public JPanel get() {
        try {
          JPanel panel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
          panel.add(BorderLayout.WEST, wrap(w));
          panel.add(BorderLayout.CENTER, wrap(c));
          return panel;
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "JPanel panel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout);\r\n    panel.add(BorderLayout.WEST...";
      }
    });
  }

  static public JLabel jlabel(final String text) {
    return swingConstruct(BetterLabel.class, text);
  }

  static public JLabel jlabel() {
    return jlabel(" ");
  }

  static public JSpinner liveValueSpinner(final SimpleLiveValue<Integer> lv, int min, int max) {
    final JSpinner spinner = jSpinner(lv.get(), min, max);
    onChange(spinner, new Runnable() {

      public void run() {
        try {
          lv.set(intFromSpinner(spinner));
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "lv.set(intFromSpinner(spinner))";
      }
    });
    lv.onChange(new Runnable() {

      public void run() {
        try {
          setSpinnerValue(spinner, lv.get());
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "setSpinnerValue(spinner, lv.get())";
      }
    });
    return spinner;
  }

  static public SimpleLiveValue dm_fieldLiveValue(String fieldName) {
    return dm_fieldLiveValue(dm_current_mandatory(), fieldName);
  }

  static public SimpleLiveValue dm_fieldLiveValue(final DynModule module, final String fieldName) {
    Lock __0 = module.lock;
    lock(__0);
    try {
      AutoCloseable __2 = module.enter();
      try {
        Class type = getFieldType(module, fieldName);
        final SimpleLiveValue value = new SimpleLiveValue(type, get(module, fieldName));
        dm_watchField(fieldName, new Runnable() {

          public void run() {
            try {
              Object o = get(module, fieldName);
              value.set(o);
              ;
            } catch (Exception __e) {
              throw rethrow(__e);
            }
          }

          public String toString() {
            return "ifdef dm_fieldLiveValue_debug\r\n      print(\"dm_fieldLiveValue: setting \" + fi...";
          }
        });
        value.onChange(new Runnable() {

          public void run() {
            try {
              module.setField(fieldName, value.get());
              ;
            } catch (Exception __e) {
              throw rethrow(__e);
            }
          }

          public String toString() {
            return "ifdef dm_fieldLiveValue_debug\r\n      print(\"dm_fieldLiveValue: setting 2 \" + ...";
          }
        });
        return value;
      } finally {
        _close(__2);
      }
    } finally {
      unlock(__0);
    }
  }

  static public JLabel dm_centeredFieldLabel(String fieldName) {
    return centerLabel(dm_fieldLabel(fieldName));
  }

  static public String getDialogID() {
    return (String) callOpt(getMainBot(), "getDialogID");
  }

  static public Object load(String varName) {
    readLocally(varName);
    return get(mc(), varName);
  }

  static public Object load(String progID, String varName) {
    readLocally(progID, varName);
    return get(mc(), varName);
  }

  static public void save(String varName) {
    saveLocally(varName);
  }

  static public void save(String progID, String varName) {
    saveLocally(progID, varName);
  }

  static public Class __javax;

  static public Class getJavaX() {
    try {
      return __javax;
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public boolean nemptyString(String s) {
    return s != null && s.length() > 0;
  }

  static public int strL(String s) {
    return s == null ? 0 : s.length();
  }

  static public int listL(Collection l) {
    return l == null ? 0 : l.size();
  }

  static public boolean neq(Object a, Object b) {
    return !eq(a, b);
  }

  static final public Map<Class, _MethodCache> callOpt_cache = newDangerousWeakHashMap();

  static public Object callOpt_cached(Object o, String methodName, Object... args) {
    try {
      if (o == null)
        return null;
      if (o instanceof Class) {
        Class c = (Class) o;
        _MethodCache cache = callOpt_getCache(c);
        Method me = cache.findMethod(methodName, args);
        if (me == null || (me.getModifiers() & Modifier.STATIC) == 0)
          return null;
        return invokeMethod(me, null, args);
      } else {
        Class c = o.getClass();
        _MethodCache cache = callOpt_getCache(c);
        Method me = cache.findMethod(methodName, args);
        if (me == null)
          return null;
        return invokeMethod(me, o, args);
      }
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public _MethodCache callOpt_getCache(Class c) {
    synchronized (callOpt_cache) {
      _MethodCache cache = callOpt_cache.get(c);
      if (cache == null)
        callOpt_cache.put(c, cache = new _MethodCache(c));
      return cache;
    }
  }

  static public Object invokeMethod(Method m, Object o, Object... args) {
    try {
      try {
        return m.invoke(o, args);
      } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
        throw rethrow(getExceptionCause(e));
      } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException(e.getMessage() + " - was calling: " + m + ", args: " + joinWithSpace(classNames(args)));
      }
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public boolean isStaticMethod(Method m) {
    return methodIsStatic(m);
  }

  static public Object[] massageArgsForVarArgsCall(Method m, Object[] args) {
    Class<?>[] types = m.getParameterTypes();
    int n = types.length - 1, nArgs = args.length;
    if (nArgs < n)
      return null;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) if (!argumentCompatibleWithType(args[i], types[i]))
      return null;
    Class varArgType = types[n].getComponentType();
    for (int i = n; i < nArgs; i++) if (!argumentCompatibleWithType(args[i], varArgType))
      return null;
    Object[] newArgs = new Object[n + 1];
    arraycopy(args, 0, newArgs, 0, n);
    Object[] varArgs = arrayOfType(varArgType, nArgs - n);
    arraycopy(args, n, varArgs, 0, nArgs - n);
    newArgs[n] = varArgs;
    return newArgs;
  }

  static public <A> String joinWithComma(Collection<A> c) {
    return join(", ", c);
  }

  static public String joinWithComma(String... c) {
    return join(", ", c);
  }

  static public String joinWithComma(Pair p) {
    return p == null ? "" : joinWithComma(str(p.a), str(p.b));
  }

  static public List<String> classNames(Collection l) {
    return getClassNames(l);
  }

  static public List<String> classNames(Object[] l) {
    return getClassNames(Arrays.asList(l));
  }

  static public String getStackTrace2(Throwable e) {
    return hideCredentials(getStackTrace(unwrapTrivialExceptionWraps(e)) + replacePrefix("java.lang.RuntimeException: ", "FAIL: ", hideCredentials(str(innerException2(e)))) + "\n");
  }

  static public Object defaultDefaultClassFinder() {
    return new F1<String, Class>() {

      public Class get(String name) {
        Class c = findClass_fullName(name);
        if (c != null)
          return c;
        if (name.startsWith("loadableUtils.utils$"))
          return findClass_fullName("main" + name.substring(19));
        return null;
      }
    };
  }

  static public boolean nempty(Collection c) {
    return !empty(c);
  }

  static public boolean nempty(CharSequence s) {
    return !empty(s);
  }

  static public boolean nempty(Object[] o) {
    return !empty(o);
  }

  static public boolean nempty(byte[] o) {
    return !empty(o);
  }

  static public boolean nempty(int[] o) {
    return !empty(o);
  }

  static public boolean nempty(Map m) {
    return !empty(m);
  }

  static public boolean nempty(Iterator i) {
    return i != null && i.hasNext();
  }

  static public boolean nempty(Object o) {
    return !empty(o);
  }

  static public String formatSnippetIDOpt(String s) {
    return isSnippetID(s) ? formatSnippetID(s) : s;
  }

  static public String formatSnippetID(String id) {
    return "#" + parseSnippetID(id);
  }

  static public String formatSnippetID(long id) {
    return "#" + id;
  }

  static public Class getMainClass() {
    return mc();
  }

  static public Class getMainClass(Object o) {
    try {
      if (o == null)
        return null;
      if (o instanceof Class && eq(((Class) o).getName(), "x30"))
        return (Class) o;
      return (o instanceof Class ? (Class) o : o.getClass()).getClassLoader().loadClass("main");
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public <A> A or(A a, A b) {
    return a != null ? a : b;
  }

  static public void rotateStringBuffer(StringBuffer buf, int max) {
    try {
      if (buf == null)
        return;
      synchronized (buf) {
        if (buf.length() <= max)
          return;
        try {
          int newLength = max / 2;
          int ofs = buf.length() - newLength;
          String newString = buf.substring(ofs);
          buf.setLength(0);
          buf.append("[...] ").append(newString);
        } catch (Exception e) {
          buf.setLength(0);
        }
        buf.trimToSize();
      }
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public void rotateStringBuilder(StringBuilder buf, int max) {
    try {
      if (buf == null)
        return;
      synchronized (buf) {
        if (buf.length() <= max)
          return;
        try {
          int newLength = max / 2;
          int ofs = buf.length() - newLength;
          String newString = buf.substring(ofs);
          buf.setLength(0);
          buf.append("[...] ").append(newString);
        } catch (Exception e) {
          buf.setLength(0);
        }
        buf.trimToSize();
      }
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public <A> AutoCloseable tempSetThreadLocal(final ThreadLocal<A> tl, A a) {
    if (tl == null)
      return null;
    final A prev = setThreadLocal(tl, a);
    return new AutoCloseable() {

      public String toString() {
        return "tl.set(prev);";
      }

      public void close() throws Exception {
        tl.set(prev);
      }
    };
  }

  static public JTabbedPane fillJTabs(final JTabbedPane tabs, final Object... _x) {
    if (tabs != null) {
      swing(new Runnable() {

        public void run() {
          try {
            clearTabs(tabs);
            Object[] x = flattenArray2(_x);
            int idx = 0;
            if (get(x, 0) instanceof Integer) {
              idx = asInt(get(x, 0));
              x = dropFirst(x);
              if (empty(x)) {
                x = arrayrep(null, idx);
                idx = 0;
              }
            }
            int n = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i < l(x); i++) {
              ++n;
              if (x[i] instanceof Component)
                tabs.addTab("Tab " + n, wrap((Component) x[i]));
              else {
                String name = str(or(x[i], "Tab " + n));
                Component c;
                if (get(x, i + 1) instanceof Component)
                  c = (Component) get(x, ++i);
                else
                  c = new JPanel();
                tabs.addTab(name, wrap(c));
              }
            }
            if (idx != 0)
              tabs.setSelectedIndex(min(tabs.getTabCount() - 1, idx));
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "clearTabs(tabs);\r\n    Object[] x = flattenArray2(_x);\r\n    ifdef fillJTabs_de...";
        }
      });
    }
    return tabs;
  }

  static public <A> A swingNu(final Class<A> c, final Object... args) {
    return swingConstruct(c, args);
  }

  static public void swingAndWait(Runnable r) {
    try {
      if (isAWTThread())
        r.run();
      else
        EventQueue.invokeAndWait(addThreadInfoToRunnable(r));
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public Object swingAndWait(final Object f) {
    if (isAWTThread())
      return callF(f);
    else {
      final Var result = new Var();
      swingAndWait(new Runnable() {

        public void run() {
          try {
            result.set(callF(f));
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "result.set(callF(f));";
        }
      });
      return result.get();
    }
  }

  static public <A extends Component> A _recordNewSwingComponent(A c) {
    if (c != null)
      callF((Object) vm_generalMap_get("newSwingComponentRegistry"), (Object) c);
    return c;
  }

  static public JComponent componentToJComponent(Component c) {
    if (c instanceof JComponent)
      return (JComponent) c;
    if (c instanceof JFrame)
      return ((JFrame) c).getRootPane();
    if (c == null)
      return null;
    throw fail("boohoo " + getClassName(c));
  }

  static public JScrollPane jscroll(final Component c) {
    return swing(new F0<JScrollPane>() {

      public JScrollPane get() {
        try {
          return new JScrollPane(c);
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "ret new JScrollPane(c);";
      }
    });
  }

  static public String str(Object o) {
    return o == null ? "null" : o.toString();
  }

  static public String str(char[] c) {
    return new String(c);
  }

  static public JPanel jFullCenter(final Component c) {
    return swing(new F0<JPanel>() {

      public JPanel get() {
        try {
          JPanel panel = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
          panel.add(c);
          return panel;
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "JPanel panel = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout);\r\n    panel.add(c);\r\n    ret panel;";
      }
    });
  }

  static public BufferedImage toBufferedImageOpt(Object o) {
    if (o instanceof BufferedImage)
      return (BufferedImage) o;
    if (o instanceof MakesBufferedImage)
      return ((MakesBufferedImage) o).getBufferedImage();
    if (o instanceof File)
      if (isImageFile(((File) o)))
        return loadImage2(((File) o));
    String c = getClassName(o);
    if (eqOneOf(c, "main$BWImage", "main$RGBImage"))
      return (BufferedImage) call(o, "getBufferedImage");
    if (eq(c, "main$PNGFile"))
      return (BufferedImage) call(o, "getImage");
    return null;
  }

  static public List<String> allToString(Iterable c) {
    List<String> l = new ArrayList();
    for (Object o : unnull(c)) l.add(str(o));
    return l;
  }

  static public List<String> allToString(Object[] c) {
    List<String> l = new ArrayList();
    for (Object o : unnull(c)) l.add(str(o));
    return l;
  }

  static public IterableIterator emptyIterableIterator_instance = new IterableIterator() {

    public Object next() {
      throw fail();
    }

    public boolean hasNext() {
      return false;
    }
  };

  static public <A> IterableIterator<A> emptyIterableIterator() {
    return emptyIterableIterator_instance;
  }

  static public <A> List<A> newSubList(List<A> l, int startIndex, int endIndex) {
    return cloneList(subList(l, startIndex, endIndex));
  }

  static public <A> List<A> newSubList(List<A> l, int startIndex) {
    return cloneList(subList(l, startIndex));
  }

  static public <A> List<A> subList(List<A> l, int startIndex) {
    return subList(l, startIndex, l(l));
  }

  static public <A> List<A> subList(int startIndex, int endIndex, List<A> l) {
    return subList(l, startIndex, endIndex);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> subList(List<A> l, int startIndex, int endIndex) {
    if (l == null)
      return null;
    int n = l(l);
    startIndex = Math.max(0, startIndex);
    endIndex = Math.min(n, endIndex);
    if (startIndex >= endIndex)
      return ll();
    if (startIndex == 0 && endIndex == n)
      return l;
    return l.subList(startIndex, endIndex);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> subList_cloneIfDifferent(List<A> l, int startIndex, int endIndex) {
    List<A> l2 = subList(l, startIndex, endIndex);
    return l == l2 ? l : cloneList(l2);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> subList_cloneIfDifferent(List<A> l, int startIndex) {
    List<A> l2 = subList(l, startIndex);
    return l == l2 ? l : cloneList(l2);
  }

  static public <A, B> List<A> keysSortedByValuesDesc(final Map<A, B> map) {
    List<A> l = new ArrayList(map.keySet());
    sort(l, mapComparatorDesc(map));
    return l;
  }

  static public Runnable _topLevelErrorHandling(final Runnable runnable) {
    final Object info = _threadInfo();
    return new Runnable() {

      public void run() {
        try {
          try {
            _threadInheritInfo(info);
            runnable.run();
          } catch (Throwable __e) {
            _handleException(__e);
          }
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "pcall {\r\n      _threadInheritInfo(info);\r\n      runnable.run();\r\n    }";
      }
    };
  }

  static public <A> WeakReference<A> weakRef(A a) {
    return newWeakReference(a);
  }

  static public boolean isURL(String s) {
    return startsWithOneOf(s, "http://", "https://", "file:");
  }

  static public BufferedImage imageIO_readURL(String url) {
    try {
      if (startsWith(url, "https:"))
        disableCertificateValidation();
      return ImageIO.read(new URL(url));
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public boolean isAbsolutePath(String s) {
    return s != null && new File(s).isAbsolute();
  }

  static public boolean isAbsolutePath(File f) {
    return f != null && f.isAbsolute();
  }

  public static boolean isSnippetID(String s) {
    try {
      parseSnippetID(s);
      return true;
    } catch (RuntimeException e) {
      return false;
    }
  }

  public static long parseSnippetID(String snippetID) {
    long id = Long.parseLong(shortenSnippetID(snippetID));
    if (id == 0)
      throw fail("0 is not a snippet ID");
    return id;
  }

  static public IResourceLoader vm_getResourceLoader() {
    return proxy(IResourceLoader.class, vm_generalMap_get("_officialResourceLoader"));
  }

  static public File imageSnippetsCacheDir() {
    return javaxCachesDir("Image-Snippets");
  }

  static public String snippetImageURL_http(String snippetID) {
    return snippetImageURL_http(snippetID, "png");
  }

  static public String snippetImageURL_http(String snippetID, String contentType) {
    return replacePrefix("https://", "http://", snippetImageURL(snippetID, contentType)).replace(":8443", ":8080");
  }

  static public Field makeAccessible(Field f) {
    try {
      f.setAccessible(true);
    } catch (Throwable e) {
      vmBus_send("makeAccessible_error", e, f);
    }
    return f;
  }

  static public Method makeAccessible(Method m) {
    try {
      m.setAccessible(true);
    } catch (Throwable e) {
      vmBus_send("makeAccessible_error", e, m);
    }
    return m;
  }

  static public Constructor makeAccessible(Constructor c) {
    try {
      c.setAccessible(true);
    } catch (Throwable e) {
      vmBus_send("makeAccessible_error", e, c);
    }
    return c;
  }

  static public void smartSet(Field f, Object o, Object value) throws Exception {
    try {
      f.set(o, value);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      Class type = f.getType();
      if (type == int.class && value instanceof Long)
        value = ((Long) value).intValue();
      if (type == LinkedHashMap.class && value instanceof Map) {
        f.set(o, asLinkedHashMap((Map) value));
        return;
      }
      try {
        if (f.getType() == Concept.Ref.class) {
          f.set(o, ((Concept) o).new Ref((Concept) value));
          return;
        }
        if (o instanceof Concept.Ref) {
          f.set(o, ((Concept.Ref) o).get());
          return;
        }
      } catch (Throwable _e) {
      }
      throw e;
    }
  }

  static public boolean odd(int i) {
    return (i & 1) != 0;
  }

  static public boolean odd(long i) {
    return (i & 1) != 0;
  }

  static public boolean odd(BigInteger i) {
    return odd(toInt(i));
  }

  static public Throwable getInnerException(Throwable e) {
    if (e == null)
      return null;
    while (e.getCause() != null) e = e.getCause();
    return e;
  }

  static public Throwable getInnerException(Runnable r) {
    return getInnerException(getException(r));
  }

  static public Object collectionMutex(List l) {
    return l;
  }

  static public Object collectionMutex(Object o) {
    if (o instanceof List)
      return o;
    String c = className(o);
    if (eq(c, "java.util.TreeMap$KeySet"))
      c = className(o = getOpt(o, "m"));
    else if (eq(c, "java.util.HashMap$KeySet"))
      c = className(o = get_raw(o, "this$0"));
    if (eqOneOf(c, "java.util.TreeMap$AscendingSubMap", "java.util.TreeMap$DescendingSubMap"))
      c = className(o = get_raw(o, "m"));
    return o;
  }

  static public boolean isAWTThread() {
    if (isAndroid())
      return false;
    if (isHeadless())
      return false;
    return isAWTThread_awt();
  }

  static public boolean isAWTThread_awt() {
    return SwingUtilities.isEventDispatchThread();
  }

  static public void failIfUnlicensed() {
    assertTrue("license off", licensed());
  }

  static public Thread currentThread() {
    return Thread.currentThread();
  }

  static public <A> List<A> wrapAsList(A[] a) {
    return wrapArrayAsList(a);
  }

  static volatile public boolean licensed_yes = true;

  static public boolean licensed() {
    if (!licensed_yes)
      return false;
    ping_okInCleanUp();
    return true;
  }

  static public void licensed_off() {
    licensed_yes = false;
  }

  static public Object endMarker() {
    return iteratorFromFunction_endMarker;
  }

  static public <A> IterableIterator<A> iff(Object f) {
    return iteratorFromFunction_withEndMarker(f);
  }

  static public IterableIterator iff(F0 f) {
    return iteratorFromFunction_withEndMarker(f);
  }

  static public <A> IterableIterator iff(IF0 f) {
    return iteratorFromFunction_withEndMarker(f);
  }

  static public Iterator emptyIterator() {
    return Collections.emptyIterator();
  }

  static public <A> IterableIterator<A> iteratorFromFunction(final Object f) {
    class IFF extends IterableIterator<A> {

      public A a;

      public boolean done = false;

      public boolean hasNext() {
        getNext();
        return !done;
      }

      public A next() {
        getNext();
        if (done)
          throw fail();
        A _a = a;
        a = null;
        return _a;
      }

      public void getNext() {
        if (done || a != null)
          return;
        a = (A) callF(f);
        done = a == null;
      }
    }
    ;
    return new IFF();
  }

  static public <A> IterableIterator<A> iteratorFromFunction(final F0<A> f) {
    return iteratorFromFunction_f0(f);
  }

  static public String getClassName(Object o) {
    return o == null ? "null" : o instanceof Class ? ((Class) o).getName() : o.getClass().getName();
  }

  static public JPanel jcenteredline(final Component... components) {
    return swing(new F0<JPanel>() {

      public JPanel get() {
        try {
          return jFullCenter(hstackWithSpacing(components));
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "ret jFullCenter(hstackWithSpacing(components));";
      }
    });
  }

  static public JPanel jcenteredline(List<? extends Component> components) {
    return jcenteredline(asArray(Component.class, components));
  }

  static public List<JComponent> paramsToButtons(Object... params) {
    List<JComponent> l = new ArrayList();
    for (int i = 0; i < l(params); i += 2) if (params[i] != null)
      if (params[i] instanceof JComponent)
        l.add((JComponent) params[i--]);
      else
        l.add(jbutton((String) params[i], params[i + 1]));
    return l;
  }

  static public Component wrapForSmartAdd(Object o) {
    if (o == null)
      return jpanel();
    if (o instanceof String)
      return jlabel((String) o);
    return wrap(o);
  }

  static public Object[] flattenArray2(Object... a) {
    List l = new ArrayList();
    if (a != null)
      for (Object x : a) if (x instanceof Object[])
        l.addAll(asList((Object[]) x));
      else if (x instanceof Collection)
        l.addAll((Collection) x);
      else
        l.add(x);
    return asObjectArray(l);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> withoutNulls(List<A> l) {
    if (!containsNulls(l))
      return l;
    List<A> l2 = new ArrayList();
    for (A a : l) if (a != null)
      l2.add(a);
    return l2;
  }

  static public <A, B> Map<A, B> withoutNulls(Map<A, B> map) {
    Map<A, B> map2 = similarEmptyMap(map);
    for (A a : keys(map)) if (a != null) {
      B b = map.get(a);
      if (b != null)
        map2.put(a, b);
    }
    return map2;
  }

  static public <A> List<A> withoutNulls(A[] l) {
    List<A> l2 = new ArrayList();
    if (l != null)
      for (A a : l) if (a != null)
        l2.add(a);
    return l2;
  }

  static public <A> A swingConstruct(final Class<A> c, final Object... args) {
    return swing(new F0<A>() {

      public A get() {
        try {
          return nuObject(c, args);
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "ret nuObject(c, args);";
      }
    });
  }

  static public JSpinner jSpinner(final int value) {
    return swing(new F0<JSpinner>() {

      public JSpinner get() {
        try {
          JSpinner s = new JSpinner();
          s.setValue(value);
          return s;
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "new JSpinner s;\r\n    s.setValue(value);\r\n    ret s;";
      }
    });
  }

  static public JSpinner jSpinner(final int value, final int min, final int max) {
    return swing(new F0<JSpinner>() {

      public JSpinner get() {
        try {
          return new JSpinner(new SpinnerNumberModel(value, min, max, 1));
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "ret new JSpinner(new SpinnerNumberModel(value, min, max, 1));";
      }
    });
  }

  static public <A extends JSpinner> A onChange(A spinner, Object r) {
    {
      swing(new Runnable() {

        public void run() {
          try {
            spinner.addChangeListener(changeListener(r));
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "spinner.addChangeListener(changeListener(r));";
        }
      });
    }
    return spinner;
  }

  static public <A extends AbstractButton> A onChange(A b, Object r) {
    {
      swing(new Runnable() {

        public void run() {
          try {
            b.addItemListener(itemListener(r));
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "b.addItemListener(itemListener(r));";
        }
      });
    }
    return b;
  }

  static public void onChange(JTextComponent tc, Object r) {
    onUpdate(tc, r);
  }

  static public <A extends JSlider> A onChange(A slider, final Object r) {
    {
      swing(new Runnable() {

        public void run() {
          try {
            slider.addChangeListener(changeListener(r));
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "slider.addChangeListener(changeListener(r));";
        }
      });
    }
    return slider;
  }

  static public JComboBox onChange(Object r, JComboBox cb) {
    return onChange(cb, r);
  }

  static public JComboBox onChange(JComboBox cb, final Object r) {
    if (isEditableComboBox(cb))
      onChange(textFieldFromComboBox(cb), r);
    else
      onSelectedItem(cb, new VF1<String>() {

        public void get(String s) {
          try {
            callF(r);
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "callF(r)";
        }
      });
    return cb;
  }

  static public int intFromSpinner(JSpinner s) {
    return toInt(s.getValue());
  }

  static public void setSpinnerValue(final JSpinner s, final int value) {
    if (s != null) {
      swing(new Runnable() {

        public void run() {
          try {
            s.setValue(value);
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "s.setValue(value);";
        }
      });
    }
  }

  static public void lock(Lock lock) {
    try {
      ping();
      if (lock == null)
        return;
      try {
        lock.lockInterruptibly();
      } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        print("Locking interrupted! I probably deadlocked, oops.");
        printStackTrace(e);
        rethrow(e);
      }
      ping();
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public void lock(Lock lock, String msg) {
    print("Locking: " + msg);
    lock(lock);
  }

  static public void lock(Lock lock, String msg, long timeout) {
    print("Locking: " + msg);
    lockOrFail(lock, timeout);
  }

  static public ReentrantLock lock() {
    return fairLock();
  }

  static public Class getFieldType(Object o, String field) {
    return fieldType(o, field);
  }

  static public void unlock(Lock lock, String msg) {
    if (lock == null)
      return;
    print("Unlocking: " + msg);
    lock.unlock();
  }

  static public void unlock(Lock lock) {
    if (lock == null)
      return;
    lock.unlock();
  }

  static public <A extends JLabel> A centerLabel(A l) {
    if (l != null)
      l.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
    return l;
  }

  static public JLabel dm_fieldLabel(String fieldName) {
    return jLiveValueLabel(dm_fieldLiveValue(fieldName));
  }

  static public Object mainBot;

  static public Object getMainBot() {
    return mainBot;
  }

  static public void readLocally(String progID, String varNames) {
    readLocally2(mc(), progID, varNames);
  }

  static public void readLocally(String varNames) {
    readLocally2(mc(), programID(), varNames);
  }

  static public void readLocally2(Object obj, String varNames) {
    readLocally2(obj, programID(), varNames);
  }

  static public int readLocally_stringLength;

  static public ThreadLocal<Boolean> readLocally2_allDynamic = new ThreadLocal();

  static public ThreadLocal readLocally2_classFinder = new ThreadLocal();

  static public void readLocally2(Object obj, String progID, String varNames) {
    try {
      boolean allDynamic = isTrue(getAndClearThreadLocal(readLocally2_allDynamic));
      for (String variableName : javaTokC(varNames)) {
        File textFile = new File(programDir(progID), variableName + ".text");
        String value = loadTextFile(textFile);
        if (value != null)
          set(main.class, variableName, value);
        else {
          File structureFile = new File(programDir(progID), variableName + ".structure");
          value = loadTextFile(structureFile);
          if (value == null) {
            File structureGZFile = new File(programDir(progID), variableName + ".structure.gz");
            if (!structureGZFile.isFile())
              return;
            InputStream fis = new FileInputStream(structureGZFile);
            try {
              GZIPInputStream gis = newGZIPInputStream(fis);
              InputStreamReader reader = new InputStreamReader(gis, "UTF-8");
              BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(reader);
              Object o = unstructure_tok(javaTokC_noMLS_onReader(bufferedReader), allDynamic, readLocally2_classFinder.get());
              readLocally_set(obj, variableName, o);
              return;
            } finally {
              _close(fis);
            }
          }
          readLocally_stringLength = l(value);
          if (nempty(value))
            readLocally_set(obj, variableName, unstructure(value, allDynamic, readLocally2_classFinder.get()));
        }
      }
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public void readLocally_set(Object c, String varName, Object value) {
    Object oldValue = get(c, varName);
    if (oldValue instanceof List && !(oldValue instanceof ArrayList) && value != null) {
      value = synchroList((List) value);
    }
    set(c, varName, value);
  }

  static public void saveLocally(String variableName) {
    saveLocally(programID(), variableName);
  }

  static public void saveLocally(String progID, String variableName) {
    saveLocally2(mc(), progID, variableName);
  }

  static public void saveLocally2(Object obj, String variableName) {
    saveLocally2(obj, programID(), variableName);
  }

  static public void saveLocally2(Object obj, String progID, String variableName) {
    Lock __0 = saveLock();
    lock(__0);
    try {
      File textFile = new File(programDir(progID), variableName + ".text");
      File structureFile = new File(programDir(progID), variableName + ".structure");
      Object x = get(obj, variableName);
      if (x == null) {
        textFile.delete();
        structureFile.delete();
      } else if (x instanceof String) {
        saveTextFile(textFile, (String) x);
        structureFile.delete();
      } else {
        saveTextFile(structureFile, javaTokWordWrap(structure(x)));
        textFile.delete();
      }
    } finally {
      unlock(__0);
    }
  }

  static public Throwable getExceptionCause(Throwable e) {
    Throwable c = e.getCause();
    return c != null ? c : e;
  }

  static public String joinWithSpace(Collection<String> c) {
    return join(" ", c);
  }

  static public String joinWithSpace(String... c) {
    return join(" ", c);
  }

  static public boolean methodIsStatic(Method m) {
    return (m.getModifiers() & Modifier.STATIC) != 0;
  }

  static public boolean argumentCompatibleWithType(Object arg, Class type) {
    return arg == null ? !type.isPrimitive() : isInstanceX(type, arg);
  }

  static public void arraycopy(Object[] a, Object[] b) {
    if (a != null && b != null)
      arraycopy(a, 0, b, 0, min(a.length, b.length));
  }

  static public void arraycopy(Object src, int srcPos, Object dest, int destPos, int n) {
    if (n != 0)
      System.arraycopy(src, srcPos, dest, destPos, n);
  }

  static public <A> A[] arrayOfType(Class<A> type, int n) {
    return makeArray(type, n);
  }

  static public <A> A[] arrayOfType(int n, Class<A> type) {
    return arrayOfType(type, n);
  }

  public static <A> String join(String glue, Iterable<A> strings) {
    if (strings == null)
      return "";
    if (strings instanceof Collection) {
      if (((Collection) strings).size() == 1)
        return str(first(((Collection) strings)));
    }
    StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
    Iterator<A> i = strings.iterator();
    if (i.hasNext()) {
      buf.append(i.next());
      while (i.hasNext()) buf.append(glue).append(i.next());
    }
    return buf.toString();
  }

  public static String join(String glue, String... strings) {
    return join(glue, Arrays.asList(strings));
  }

  static public <A> String join(Iterable<A> strings) {
    return join("", strings);
  }

  static public <A> String join(Iterable<A> strings, String glue) {
    return join(glue, strings);
  }

  public static String join(String[] strings) {
    return join("", strings);
  }

  static public String join(String glue, Pair p) {
    return p == null ? "" : str(p.a) + glue + str(p.b);
  }

  static public List<String> getClassNames(Collection l) {
    List<String> out = new ArrayList();
    if (l != null)
      for (Object o : l) out.add(o == null ? null : getClassName(o));
    return out;
  }

  static public Object iteratorFromFunction_endMarker = new Object();

  static public <A> IterableIterator<A> iteratorFromFunction_withEndMarker(final Object f) {
    class IFF extends IterableIterator<A> {

      public A a;

      public boolean have, done;

      public boolean hasNext() {
        getNext();
        return !done;
      }

      public A next() {
        getNext();
        if (done)
          throw fail();
        A _a = a;
        a = null;
        have = false;
        return _a;
      }

      public void getNext() {
        if (done || have)
          return;
        Object o = callF(f);
        if (o == iteratorFromFunction_endMarker) {
          done = true;
          return;
        }
        a = (A) o;
        have = true;
      }
    }
    ;
    return new IFF();
  }

  static public <A> IterableIterator<A> iteratorFromFunction_withEndMarker(final F0 f) {
    return iteratorFromFunction_withEndMarker_f0(f);
  }

  static public String hideCredentials(URL url) {
    return url == null ? null : hideCredentials(str(url));
  }

  static public String hideCredentials(String url) {
    try {
      if (startsWithOneOf(url, "http://", "https://") && isAGIBlueDomain(hostNameFromURL(url)))
        return url;
    } catch (Throwable e) {
      print("HideCredentials", e);
    }
    return url.replaceAll("([&?])(_pass|key)=[^&\\s\"]*", "$1$2=<hidden>");
  }

  static public String hideCredentials(Object o) {
    return hideCredentials(str(o));
  }

  static public String getStackTrace(Throwable throwable) {
    lastException(throwable);
    return getStackTrace_noRecord(throwable);
  }

  static public String getStackTrace_noRecord(Throwable throwable) {
    StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
    throwable.printStackTrace(new PrintWriter(writer));
    return hideCredentials(writer.toString());
  }

  static public String getStackTrace() {
    return getStackTrace_noRecord(new Throwable());
  }

  static public Throwable unwrapTrivialExceptionWraps(Throwable e) {
    if (e == null)
      return e;
    while (e.getClass() == RuntimeException.class && e.getCause() != null && eq(e.getMessage(), str(e.getCause()))) e = e.getCause();
    return e;
  }

  static public String replacePrefix(String prefix, String replacement, String s) {
    if (!startsWith(s, prefix))
      return s;
    return replacement + substring(s, l(prefix));
  }

  static public Throwable innerException2(Throwable e) {
    if (e == null)
      return null;
    while (empty(e.getMessage()) && e.getCause() != null) e = e.getCause();
    return e;
  }

  static public <A> A setThreadLocal(ThreadLocal<A> tl, A value) {
    if (tl == null)
      return null;
    A old = tl.get();
    tl.set(value);
    return old;
  }

  static public void clearTabs(final JTabbedPane tabs) {
    if (tabs != null) {
      swing(new Runnable() {

        public void run() {
          try {
            tabs.removeAll();
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "tabs.removeAll();";
        }
      });
    }
  }

  static public int asInt(Object o) {
    return toInt(o);
  }

  static public String[] dropFirst(int n, String[] a) {
    return drop(n, a);
  }

  static public String[] dropFirst(String[] a) {
    return drop(1, a);
  }

  static public Object[] dropFirst(Object[] a) {
    return drop(1, a);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> dropFirst(List<A> l) {
    return dropFirst(1, l);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> dropFirst(int n, Iterable<A> i) {
    return dropFirst(n, toList(i));
  }

  static public <A> List<A> dropFirst(Iterable<A> i) {
    return dropFirst(toList(i));
  }

  static public <A> List<A> dropFirst(int n, List<A> l) {
    return n <= 0 ? l : new ArrayList(l.subList(Math.min(n, l.size()), l.size()));
  }

  static public <A> List<A> dropFirst(List<A> l, int n) {
    return dropFirst(n, l);
  }

  static public String dropFirst(int n, String s) {
    return substring(s, n);
  }

  static public String dropFirst(String s, int n) {
    return substring(s, n);
  }

  static public String dropFirst(String s) {
    return substring(s, 1);
  }

  static public Object[] arrayrep(Object a, int n) {
    return asArray(repeat(a, n));
  }

  static public Runnable addThreadInfoToRunnable(final Object r) {
    final Object info = _threadInfo();
    return info == null ? asRunnable(r) : new Runnable() {

      public void run() {
        try {
          _inheritThreadInfo(info);
          callF(r);
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "_inheritThreadInfo(info); callF(r);";
      }
    };
  }

  static public Object vm_generalMap_get(Object key) {
    return vm_generalMap().get(key);
  }

  static public boolean isImageFile(File f) {
    return isImageFileName(fileName(f));
  }

  static public boolean eqOneOf(Object o, Object... l) {
    for (Object x : l) if (eq(o, x))
      return true;
    return false;
  }

  static public String unnull(String s) {
    return s == null ? "" : s;
  }

  static public <A> Collection<A> unnull(Collection<A> l) {
    return l == null ? emptyList() : l;
  }

  static public <A> List<A> unnull(List<A> l) {
    return l == null ? emptyList() : l;
  }

  static public <A, B> Map<A, B> unnull(Map<A, B> l) {
    return l == null ? emptyMap() : l;
  }

  static public <A> Iterable<A> unnull(Iterable<A> i) {
    return i == null ? emptyList() : i;
  }

  static public <A> A[] unnull(A[] a) {
    return a == null ? (A[]) new Object[0] : a;
  }

  static public BitSet unnull(BitSet b) {
    return b == null ? new BitSet() : b;
  }

  static public Pt unnull(Pt p) {
    return p == null ? new Pt() : p;
  }

  static public <A, B> Pair<A, B> unnull(Pair<A, B> p) {
    return p != null ? p : new Pair(null, null);
  }

  static public <T> void sort(T[] a, Comparator<? super T> c) {
    Arrays.sort(a, c);
  }

  static public <T> void sort(T[] a) {
    Arrays.sort(a);
  }

  static public void sort(int[] a) {
    if (a != null)
      Arrays.sort(a);
  }

  static public <T> void sort(List<T> a, Comparator<? super T> c) {
    Collections.sort(a, c);
  }

  static public void sort(List a) {
    Collections.sort(a);
  }

  static public <A, B> Comparator<A> mapComparatorDesc(final Map<A, B> map) {
    return new Comparator<A>() {

      public int compare(A a, A b) {
        return cmp(map.get(b), map.get(a));
      }
    };
  }

  static public <A> WeakReference<A> newWeakReference(A a) {
    return a == null ? null : new WeakReference(a);
  }

  static public boolean startsWithOneOf(String s, String... l) {
    for (String x : l) if (startsWith(s, x))
      return true;
    return false;
  }

  static volatile public boolean disableCertificateValidation_attempted = false;

  static public void disableCertificateValidation() {
    try {
      if (disableCertificateValidation_attempted)
        return;
      disableCertificateValidation_attempted = true;
      print("Disabling certificate validation for whole VM");
      try {
        TrustManager[] trustAllCerts = new TrustManager[] { new X509TrustManager() {

          public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
            return new X509Certificate[0];
          }

          public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] certs, String authType) {
          }

          public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] certs, String authType) {
          }
        } };
        HostnameVerifier hv = new HostnameVerifier() {

          public boolean verify(String hostname, SSLSession session) {
            return true;
          }
        };
        SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");
        sc.init(null, trustAllCerts, new SecureRandom());
        HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(sc.getSocketFactory());
        HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultHostnameVerifier(hv);
      } catch (Throwable __e) {
        _handleException(__e);
      }
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public String shortenSnippetID(String snippetID) {
    if (snippetID.startsWith("#"))
      snippetID = snippetID.substring(1);
    String httpBlaBla = "http://tinybrain.de/";
    if (snippetID.startsWith(httpBlaBla))
      snippetID = snippetID.substring(httpBlaBla.length());
    return "" + parseLong(snippetID);
  }

  static public <A> A proxy(Class<A> intrface, final Object target) {
    if (target == null)
      return null;
    if (isInstance(intrface, target))
      return (A) target;
    return (A) java.lang.reflect.Proxy.newProxyInstance(intrface.getClassLoader(), new Class[] { intrface }, new InvocationHandler() {

      public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) {
        return call(target, method.getName(), unnull(args));
      }
    });
  }

  static public <A> A proxy(Object target, Class<A> intrface) {
    return proxy(intrface, target);
  }

  static public File javaxCachesDir_dir;

  static public File javaxCachesDir() {
    return javaxCachesDir_dir != null ? javaxCachesDir_dir : new File(userHome(), "JavaX-Caches");
  }

  static public File javaxCachesDir(String sub) {
    return newFile(javaxCachesDir(), sub);
  }

  static public String snippetImageURL(long snippetID) {
    return snippetImageURL(fsI(snippetID));
  }

  static public String snippetImageURL(String snippetID) {
    return snippetImageURL(snippetID, "png");
  }

  static public String snippetImageURL(String snippetID, String contentType) {
    if (isURL(snippetID))
      return snippetID;
    long id = parseSnippetID(snippetID);
    String url;
    if (isImageServerSnippet(id))
      url = imageServerLink(id);
    else
      url = "https://botcompany.de/img/" + id;
    return url;
  }

  static public void vmBus_send(String msg, Object... args) {
    Object arg = vmBus_wrapArgs(args);
    pcallFAll(vm_busListeners_live(), msg, arg);
    pcallFAll(vm_busListenersByMessage_live().get(msg), msg, arg);
  }

  static public void vmBus_send(String msg) {
    vmBus_send(msg, (Object) null);
  }

  static public <A, B> LinkedHashMap<A, B> asLinkedHashMap(Map<A, B> map) {
    if (map instanceof LinkedHashMap)
      return (LinkedHashMap) map;
    LinkedHashMap<A, B> m = new LinkedHashMap();
    if (map != null)
      synchronized (collectionMutex(map)) {
        m.putAll(map);
      }
    return m;
  }

  static public int toInt(Object o) {
    if (o == null)
      return 0;
    if (o instanceof Number)
      return ((Number) o).intValue();
    if (o instanceof String)
      return parseInt(((String) o));
    if (o instanceof Boolean)
      return boolToInt(((Boolean) o));
    throw fail("woot not int: " + getClassName(o));
  }

  static public int toInt(long l) {
    if (l != (int) l)
      throw fail("Too large for int: " + l);
    return (int) l;
  }

  static public Throwable getException(Runnable r) {
    try {
      callF(r);
      return null;
    } catch (Throwable e) {
      return e;
    }
  }

  static public String className(Object o) {
    return getClassName(o);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> wrapArrayAsList(A[] a) {
    return a == null ? null : Arrays.asList(a);
  }

  static public <A> IterableIterator<A> iteratorFromFunction_f0(final F0<A> f) {
    class IFF2 extends IterableIterator<A> {

      public A a;

      public boolean done = false;

      public boolean hasNext() {
        getNext();
        return !done;
      }

      public A next() {
        getNext();
        if (done)
          throw fail();
        A _a = a;
        a = null;
        return _a;
      }

      public void getNext() {
        if (done || a != null)
          return;
        a = f.get();
        done = a == null;
      }
    }
    ;
    return new IFF2();
  }

  static public int hstackWithSpacing_spacing = 10;

  static public JPanel hstackWithSpacing(Object... parts) {
    parts = flattenArray2(parts);
    int spacing = hstackWithSpacing_spacing;
    int i = 0;
    if (first(parts) instanceof Integer) {
      spacing = toInt(first(parts));
      ++i;
    }
    JPanel panel = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
    GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();
    gbc.weighty = 1;
    gbc.fill = GridBagConstraints.VERTICAL;
    gbc.gridheight = GridBagConstraints.REMAINDER;
    for (; i < l(parts); i++) {
      if (i != 0)
        panel.add(javax.swing.Box.createRigidArea(new Dimension(spacing, 0)), gbc);
      panel.add(wrapForSmartAdd(parts[i]), gbc);
    }
    gbc.weightx = 1;
    panel.add(jrigid(), gbc);
    return panel;
  }

  static public Object[] asArray(List l) {
    return toObjectArray(l);
  }

  static public <A> A[] asArray(Class<A> type, List l) {
    return (A[]) l.toArray((Object[]) Array.newInstance(type, l.size()));
  }

  static public JButton jbutton(String text, Object action) {
    return newButton(text, action);
  }

  static public JButton jbutton(String text) {
    return newButton(text, null);
  }

  static public JButton jbutton(Action action) {
    return swingNu(JButton.class, action);
  }

  static public JPanel jpanel(LayoutManager layout) {
    return swingNu(JPanel.class, layout);
  }

  static public JPanel jpanel() {
    return swingNu(JPanel.class);
  }

  static public Object[] asObjectArray(Collection l) {
    return toObjectArray(l);
  }

  static public boolean containsNulls(Collection c) {
    return contains(c, null);
  }

  static public Map similarEmptyMap(Map m) {
    if (m instanceof TreeMap)
      return new TreeMap(((TreeMap) m).comparator());
    if (m instanceof LinkedHashMap)
      return new LinkedHashMap();
    return new HashMap();
  }

  static public Object nuObject(String className, Object... args) {
    try {
      return nuObject(classForName(className), args);
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public <A> A nuObject(Class<A> c, Object... args) {
    try {
      if (args.length == 0)
        return nuObjectWithoutArguments(c);
      Constructor m = nuObject_findConstructor(c, args);
      makeAccessible(m);
      return (A) m.newInstance(args);
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public Constructor nuObject_findConstructor(Class c, Object... args) {
    for (Constructor m : c.getDeclaredConstructors()) {
      if (!nuObject_checkArgs(m.getParameterTypes(), args, false))
        continue;
      return m;
    }
    throw fail("Constructor " + c.getName() + getClasses(args) + " not found" + (args.length == 0 && (c.getModifiers() & java.lang.reflect.Modifier.STATIC) == 0 ? " - hint: it's a non-static class!" : ""));
  }

  static public boolean nuObject_checkArgs(Class[] types, Object[] args, boolean debug) {
    if (types.length != args.length) {
      if (debug)
        System.out.println("Bad parameter length: " + args.length + " vs " + types.length);
      return false;
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < types.length; i++) if (!(args[i] == null || isInstanceX(types[i], args[i]))) {
      if (debug)
        System.out.println("Bad parameter " + i + ": " + args[i] + " vs " + types[i]);
      return false;
    }
    return true;
  }

  static public ChangeListener changeListener(final Object r) {
    return new ChangeListener() {

      public void stateChanged(ChangeEvent e) {
        pcallF(r);
      }
    };
  }

  static public ItemListener itemListener(final Object r) {
    return new ItemListener() {

      public void itemStateChanged(ItemEvent e) {
        pcallF(r);
      }
    };
  }

  static public void onUpdate(JComponent c, final Object r) {
    if (c instanceof JTextComponent)
      ((JTextComponent) c).getDocument().addDocumentListener(new DocumentListener() {

        public void insertUpdate(DocumentEvent e) {
          call(r);
        }

        public void removeUpdate(DocumentEvent e) {
          call(r);
        }

        public void changedUpdate(DocumentEvent e) {
          call(r);
        }
      });
    else if (c instanceof ItemSelectable)
      ((ItemSelectable) c).addItemListener(new ItemListener() {

        public void itemStateChanged(ItemEvent e) {
          call(r);
        }
      });
    else
      print("Warning: onUpdate doesn't know " + getClassName(c));
  }

  static public void onUpdate(List<? extends JComponent> l, Object r) {
    for (JComponent c : l) onUpdate(c, r);
  }

  static public boolean isEditableComboBox(final JComboBox cb) {
    return cb != null && swing(new F0<Boolean>() {

      public Boolean get() {
        try {
          return cb.isEditable();
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "ret cb.isEditable();";
      }
    });
  }

  static public JTextField textFieldFromComboBox(JComboBox cb) {
    return (JTextField) cb.getEditor().getEditorComponent();
  }

  static public JComboBox onSelectedItem(final JComboBox cb, final VF1<String> f) {
    addActionListener(cb, new Runnable() {

      public void run() {
        try {
          pcallF(f, selectedItem(cb));
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "pcallF(f, selectedItem(cb))";
      }
    });
    return cb;
  }

  static public <A extends Throwable> A printStackTrace(A e) {
    print(getStackTrace(e));
    return e;
  }

  static public void printStackTrace() {
    printStackTrace(new Throwable());
  }

  static public void printStackTrace(String msg) {
    printStackTrace(new Throwable(msg));
  }

  static public void printStackTrace(String msg, Throwable e) {
    printStackTrace(new Throwable(msg, e));
  }

  static public void lockOrFail(Lock lock, long timeout) {
    try {
      ping();
      if (!lock.tryLock(timeout, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)) {
        String s = "Couldn't acquire lock after " + timeout + " ms.";
        if (lock instanceof ReentrantLock) {
          ReentrantLock l = (ReentrantLock) lock;
          s += " Hold count: " + l.getHoldCount() + ", owner: " + call(l, "getOwner");
        }
        throw fail(s);
      }
      ping();
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public ReentrantLock fairLock() {
    return new ReentrantLock(true);
  }

  static public JLabel jLiveValueLabel(final LiveValue lv) {
    return bindJLabelToLiveValue(jlabel(), lv);
  }

  static public <A> A getAndClearThreadLocal(ThreadLocal<A> tl) {
    A a = tl.get();
    tl.set(null);
    return a;
  }

  static public List<String> javaTokC(String s) {
    if (s == null)
      return null;
    int l = s.length();
    ArrayList<String> tok = new ArrayList();
    int i = 0;
    while (i < l) {
      int j = i;
      char c, d;
      while (j < l) {
        c = s.charAt(j);
        d = j + 1 >= l ? '\0' : s.charAt(j + 1);
        if (c == ' ' || c == '\t' || c == '\r' || c == '\n')
          ++j;
        else if (c == '/' && d == '*') {
          do ++j; while (j < l && !s.substring(j, Math.min(j + 2, l)).equals("*/"));
          j = Math.min(j + 2, l);
        } else if (c == '/' && d == '/') {
          do ++j; while (j < l && "\r\n".indexOf(s.charAt(j)) < 0);
        } else
          break;
      }
      i = j;
      if (i >= l)
        break;
      c = s.charAt(i);
      d = i + 1 >= l ? '\0' : s.charAt(i + 1);
      if (c == '\'' || c == '"') {
        char opener = c;
        ++j;
        while (j < l) {
          if (s.charAt(j) == opener || s.charAt(j) == '\n') {
            ++j;
            break;
          } else if (s.charAt(j) == '\\' && j + 1 < l)
            j += 2;
          else
            ++j;
        }
      } else if (Character.isJavaIdentifierStart(c))
        do ++j; while (j < l && (Character.isJavaIdentifierPart(s.charAt(j)) || "'".indexOf(s.charAt(j)) >= 0));
      else if (Character.isDigit(c)) {
        do ++j; while (j < l && Character.isDigit(s.charAt(j)));
        if (j < l && s.charAt(j) == 'L')
          ++j;
      } else if (c == '[' && d == '[') {
        do ++j; while (j + 1 < l && !s.substring(j, j + 2).equals("]]"));
        j = Math.min(j + 2, l);
      } else if (c == '[' && d == '=' && i + 2 < l && s.charAt(i + 2) == '[') {
        do ++j; while (j + 2 < l && !s.substring(j, j + 3).equals("]=]"));
        j = Math.min(j + 3, l);
      } else
        ++j;
      tok.add(javaTok_substringC(s, i, j));
      i = j;
    }
    return tok;
  }

  static public File programDir_mine;

  static public File programDir() {
    return programDir(getProgramID());
  }

  static public File programDir(String snippetID) {
    boolean me = sameSnippetID(snippetID, programID());
    if (programDir_mine != null && me)
      return programDir_mine;
    File dir = new File(javaxDataDir(), formatSnippetIDOpt(snippetID));
    if (me) {
      String c = caseID();
      if (nempty(c))
        dir = newFile(dir, c);
    }
    return dir;
  }

  static public File programDir(String snippetID, String subPath) {
    return new File(programDir(snippetID), subPath);
  }

  static public String loadTextFile(String fileName) {
    return loadTextFile(fileName, null);
  }

  static public String loadTextFile(File f, String defaultContents) {
    try {
      checkFileNotTooBigToRead(f);
      if (f == null || !f.exists())
        return defaultContents;
      FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(f);
      InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(fileInputStream, "UTF-8");
      return loadTextFile(inputStreamReader);
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  public static String loadTextFile(File fileName) {
    return loadTextFile(fileName, null);
  }

  static public String loadTextFile(String fileName, String defaultContents) {
    return fileName == null ? defaultContents : loadTextFile(newFile(fileName), defaultContents);
  }

  static public String loadTextFile(Reader reader) throws IOException {
    StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
    try {
      char[] buffer = new char[1024];
      int n;
      while (-1 != (n = reader.read(buffer))) builder.append(buffer, 0, n);
    } finally {
      reader.close();
    }
    return str(builder);
  }

  static public GZIPInputStream newGZIPInputStream(File f) {
    return gzInputStream(f);
  }

  static public GZIPInputStream newGZIPInputStream(InputStream in) {
    return gzInputStream(in);
  }

  static public Object unstructure(String text) {
    return unstructure(text, false);
  }

  static public Object unstructure(String text, final boolean allDynamic) {
    return unstructure(text, allDynamic, null);
  }

  static public int structure_internStringsLongerThan = 50;

  static public int unstructure_unquoteBufSize = 100;

  static public int unstructure_tokrefs;

  abstract static public class unstructure_Receiver {

    abstract public void set(Object o);
  }

  static public Object unstructure(String text, boolean allDynamic, Object classFinder) {
    if (text == null)
      return null;
    return unstructure_tok(javaTokC_noMLS_iterator(text), allDynamic, classFinder);
  }

  static public Object unstructure_reader(BufferedReader reader) {
    return unstructure_tok(javaTokC_noMLS_onReader(reader), false, null);
  }

  static public Object unstructure_tok(final Producer<String> tok, final boolean allDynamic, final Object _classFinder) {
    final boolean debug = unstructure_debug;
    final class X {

      public int i = -1;

      final public Object classFinder = _classFinder != null ? _classFinder : _defaultClassFinder();

      public HashMap<Integer, Object> refs = new HashMap();

      public HashMap<Integer, Object> tokrefs = new HashMap();

      public HashSet<String> concepts = new HashSet();

      public HashMap<String, Class> classesMap = new HashMap();

      public List<Runnable> stack = new ArrayList();

      public String curT;

      public char[] unquoteBuf = new char[unstructure_unquoteBufSize];

      public String unquote(String s) {
        return unquoteUsingCharArray(s, unquoteBuf);
      }

      public String t() {
        return curT;
      }

      public String tpp() {
        String t = curT;
        consume();
        return t;
      }

      public void parse(final unstructure_Receiver out) {
        String t = t();
        int refID = 0;
        if (structure_isMarker(t, 0, l(t))) {
          refID = parseInt(t.substring(1));
          consume();
        }
        final int _refID = refID;
        final int tokIndex = i;
        parse_inner(refID, tokIndex, new unstructure_Receiver() {

          public void set(Object o) {
            if (_refID != 0)
              refs.put(_refID, o);
            if (o != null)
              tokrefs.put(tokIndex, o);
            out.set(o);
          }
        });
      }

      public void parse_inner(int refID, int tokIndex, final unstructure_Receiver out) {
        String t = t();
        Class c = classesMap.get(t);
        if (c == null) {
          if (t.startsWith("\"")) {
            String s = internIfLongerThan(unquote(tpp()), structure_internStringsLongerThan);
            out.set(s);
            return;
          }
          if (t.startsWith("'")) {
            out.set(unquoteCharacter(tpp()));
            return;
          }
          if (t.equals("bigint")) {
            out.set(parseBigInt());
            return;
          }
          if (t.equals("d")) {
            out.set(parseDouble());
            return;
          }
          if (t.equals("fl")) {
            out.set(parseFloat());
            return;
          }
          if (t.equals("sh")) {
            consume();
            t = tpp();
            if (t.equals("-")) {
              t = tpp();
              out.set((short) (-parseInt(t)));
              return;
            }
            out.set((short) parseInt(t));
            return;
          }
          if (t.equals("-")) {
            consume();
            t = tpp();
            out.set(isLongConstant(t) ? (Object) (-parseLong(t)) : (Object) (-parseInt(t)));
            return;
          }
          if (isInteger(t) || isLongConstant(t)) {
            consume();
            if (isLongConstant(t)) {
              out.set(parseLong(t));
              return;
            }
            long l = parseLong(t);
            boolean isInt = l == (int) l;
            out.set(isInt ? (Object) Integer.valueOf((int) l) : (Object) Long.valueOf(l));
            return;
          }
          if (t.equals("false") || t.equals("f")) {
            consume();
            out.set(false);
            return;
          }
          if (t.equals("true") || t.equals("t")) {
            consume();
            out.set(true);
            return;
          }
          if (t.equals("-")) {
            consume();
            t = tpp();
            out.set(isLongConstant(t) ? (Object) (-parseLong(t)) : (Object) (-parseInt(t)));
            return;
          }
          if (isInteger(t) || isLongConstant(t)) {
            consume();
            if (isLongConstant(t)) {
              out.set(parseLong(t));
              return;
            }
            long l = parseLong(t);
            boolean isInt = l == (int) l;
            out.set(isInt ? (Object) Integer.valueOf((int) l) : (Object) Long.valueOf(l));
            return;
          }
          if (t.equals("File")) {
            consume();
            File f = new File(unquote(tpp()));
            out.set(f);
            return;
          }
          if (t.startsWith("r") && isInteger(t.substring(1))) {
            consume();
            int ref = Integer.parseInt(t.substring(1));
            Object o = refs.get(ref);
            if (o == null)
              throw fail("unsatisfied back reference " + ref);
            out.set(o);
            return;
          }
          if (t.startsWith("t") && isInteger(t.substring(1))) {
            consume();
            int ref = Integer.parseInt(t.substring(1));
            Object o = tokrefs.get(ref);
            if (o == null)
              throw fail("unsatisfied token reference " + ref + " at " + tokIndex);
            out.set(o);
            return;
          }
          if (t.equals("hashset")) {
            parseHashSet(out);
            return;
          }
          if (t.equals("lhs")) {
            parseLinkedHashSet(out);
            return;
          }
          if (t.equals("treeset")) {
            parseTreeSet(out);
            return;
          }
          if (t.equals("ciset")) {
            parseCISet(out);
            return;
          }
          if (eqOneOf(t, "hashmap", "hm")) {
            consume();
            parseMap(new HashMap(), out);
            return;
          }
          if (t.equals("lhm")) {
            consume();
            parseMap(new LinkedHashMap(), out);
            return;
          }
          if (t.equals("tm")) {
            consume();
            parseMap(new TreeMap(), out);
            return;
          }
          if (t.equals("cimap")) {
            consume();
            parseMap(ciMap(), out);
            return;
          }
          if (t.equals("ll")) {
            consume();
            {
              parseList(new LinkedList(), out);
              return;
            }
          }
          if (t.equals("syncLL")) {
            consume();
            {
              parseList(synchroLinkedList(), out);
              return;
            }
          }
          if (t.equals("sync")) {
            consume();
            {
              parse(new unstructure_Receiver() {

                public void set(Object value) {
                  if (value instanceof Map) {
                    if (value instanceof NavigableMap) {
                      out.set(Collections.synchronizedNavigableMap((NavigableMap) value));
                      return;
                    }
                    if (value instanceof SortedMap) {
                      out.set(Collections.synchronizedSortedMap((SortedMap) value));
                      return;
                    }
                    {
                      out.set(Collections.synchronizedMap((Map) value));
                      return;
                    }
                  } else {
                    out.set(Collections.synchronizedList((List) value));
                    return;
                  }
                }
              });
              return;
            }
          }
          if (t.equals("{")) {
            parseMap(out);
            return;
          }
          if (t.equals("[")) {
            this.parseList(new ArrayList(), out);
            return;
          }
          if (t.equals("bitset")) {
            parseBitSet(out);
            return;
          }
          if (t.equals("array") || t.equals("intarray") || t.equals("dblarray")) {
            parseArray(out);
            return;
          }
          if (t.equals("ba")) {
            consume();
            String hex = unquote(tpp());
            out.set(hexToBytes(hex));
            return;
          }
          if (t.equals("boolarray")) {
            consume();
            int n = parseInt(tpp());
            String hex = unquote(tpp());
            out.set(boolArrayFromBytes(hexToBytes(hex), n));
            return;
          }
          if (t.equals("class")) {
            out.set(parseClass());
            return;
          }
          if (t.equals("l")) {
            parseLisp(out);
            return;
          }
          if (t.equals("null")) {
            consume();
            out.set(null);
            return;
          }
          if (eq(t, "c")) {
            consume();
            t = t();
            assertTrue(isJavaIdentifier(t));
            concepts.add(t);
          }
          if (eq(t, "cu")) {
            consume();
            t = tpp();
            assertTrue(isJavaIdentifier(t));
            String fullClassName = "main$" + t;
            Class _c = classFinder != null ? (Class) callF(classFinder, fullClassName) : findClass_fullName(fullClassName);
            if (_c == null)
              throw fail("Class not found: " + fullClassName);
            parse(new unstructure_Receiver() {

              public void set(Object value) {
                out.set(call(_c, "_deserialize", value));
              }
            });
            return;
          }
        }
        if (eq(t, "j")) {
          consume("j");
          out.set(parseJava());
          return;
        }
        if (c == null && !isJavaIdentifier(t))
          throw new RuntimeException("Unknown token " + (i + 1) + ": " + t);
        consume();
        String className, fullClassName;
        if (eq(t(), ".")) {
          consume();
          className = fullClassName = t + "." + assertIdentifier(tpp());
        } else {
          className = t;
          fullClassName = "main$" + t;
        }
        if (c == null) {
          if (allDynamic)
            c = null;
          else
            c = classFinder != null ? (Class) callF(classFinder, fullClassName) : findClass_fullName(fullClassName);
          if (c != null)
            classesMap.put(className, c);
        }
        boolean hasBracket = eq(t(), "(");
        if (hasBracket)
          consume();
        boolean hasOuter = hasBracket && eq(t(), "this$1");
        DynamicObject dO = null;
        Object o = null;
        final String thingName = t;
        if (c != null) {
          o = hasOuter ? nuStubInnerObject(c, classFinder) : nuEmptyObject(c);
          if (o instanceof DynamicObject)
            dO = (DynamicObject) o;
        } else {
          if (concepts.contains(t) && (c = findClass("Concept")) != null)
            o = dO = (DynamicObject) nuEmptyObject(c);
          else
            dO = new DynamicObject();
          dO.className = className;
        }
        if (refID != 0)
          refs.put(refID, o != null ? o : dO);
        tokrefs.put(tokIndex, o != null ? o : dO);
        final LinkedHashMap<String, Object> fields = new LinkedHashMap();
        final Object _o = o;
        final DynamicObject _dO = dO;
        if (hasBracket) {
          stack.add(new Runnable() {

            public void run() {
              try {
                if (eq(t(), ","))
                  consume();
                if (eq(t(), ")")) {
                  consume(")");
                  objRead(_o, _dO, fields, hasOuter);
                  out.set(_o != null ? _o : _dO);
                } else {
                  final String key = unquote(tpp());
                  String t = tpp();
                  if (!eq(t, "="))
                    throw fail("= expected, got " + t + " after " + quote(key) + " in object " + thingName);
                  stack.add(this);
                  parse(new unstructure_Receiver() {

                    public void set(Object value) {
                      fields.put(key, value);
                    }
                  });
                }
              } catch (Exception __e) {
                throw rethrow(__e);
              }
            }

            public String toString() {
              return "ifdef unstructure_debug\r\n            print(\"in object values, token: \" + t())...";
            }
          });
        } else {
          objRead(o, dO, fields, hasOuter);
          out.set(o != null ? o : dO);
        }
      }

      public void objRead(Object o, DynamicObject dO, Map<String, Object> fields, boolean hasOuter) {
        if (o != null) {
          if (dO != null) {
            setOptAllDyn(dO, fields);
          } else {
            setOptAll_pcall(o, fields);
          }
          if (hasOuter)
            fixOuterRefs(o);
        } else
          for (Map.Entry<String, Object> e : fields.entrySet()) setDynObjectValue(dO, intern(e.getKey()), e.getValue());
        if (o != null)
          pcallOpt_noArgs(o, "_doneLoading");
      }

      public void parseSet(final Set set, final unstructure_Receiver out) {
        this.parseList(new ArrayList(), new unstructure_Receiver() {

          public void set(Object o) {
            set.addAll((List) o);
            out.set(set);
          }
        });
      }

      public void parseLisp(final unstructure_Receiver out) {
        throw fail("class Lisp not included");
      }

      public void parseBitSet(final unstructure_Receiver out) {
        consume("bitset");
        consume("{");
        final BitSet bs = new BitSet();
        stack.add(new Runnable() {

          public void run() {
            try {
              if (eq(t(), "}")) {
                consume("}");
                out.set(bs);
              } else {
                stack.add(this);
                parse(new unstructure_Receiver() {

                  public void set(Object o) {
                    bs.set((Integer) o);
                    if (eq(t(), ","))
                      consume();
                  }
                });
              }
            } catch (Exception __e) {
              throw rethrow(__e);
            }
          }

          public String toString() {
            return "if (eq(t(), \"}\")) {\r\n          consume(\"}\");\r\n          out.set(bs);\r\n       ...";
          }
        });
      }

      public void parseList(final List list, final unstructure_Receiver out) {
        tokrefs.put(i, list);
        consume("[");
        stack.add(new Runnable() {

          public void run() {
            try {
              if (eq(t(), "]")) {
                consume();
                out.set(list);
              } else {
                stack.add(this);
                parse(new unstructure_Receiver() {

                  public void set(Object o) {
                    list.add(o);
                    if (eq(t(), ","))
                      consume();
                  }
                });
              }
            } catch (Exception __e) {
              throw rethrow(__e);
            }
          }

          public String toString() {
            return "if (eq(t(), \"]\")) {\r\n          consume();\r\n          ifdef unstructure_debug\r...";
          }
        });
      }

      public void parseArray(final unstructure_Receiver out) {
        final String type = tpp();
        consume("{");
        final List list = new ArrayList();
        stack.add(new Runnable() {

          public void run() {
            try {
              if (eq(t(), "}")) {
                consume("}");
                out.set(type.equals("intarray") ? toIntArray(list) : type.equals("dblarray") ? toDoubleArray(list) : list.toArray());
              } else {
                stack.add(this);
                parse(new unstructure_Receiver() {

                  public void set(Object o) {
                    list.add(o);
                    if (eq(t(), ","))
                      consume();
                  }
                });
              }
            } catch (Exception __e) {
              throw rethrow(__e);
            }
          }

          public String toString() {
            return "if (eq(t(), \"}\")) {\r\n          consume(\"}\");\r\n          out.set(\r\n           ...";
          }
        });
      }

      public Object parseClass() {
        consume("class");
        consume("(");
        String name = unquote(tpp());
        consume(")");
        Class c = allDynamic ? null : classFinder != null ? (Class) callF(classFinder, name) : findClass_fullName(name);
        if (c != null)
          return c;
        DynamicObject dO = new DynamicObject();
        dO.className = "java.lang.Class";
        name = dropPrefix("main$", name);
        dO.fieldValues.put("name", name);
        return dO;
      }

      public Object parseBigInt() {
        consume("bigint");
        consume("(");
        String val = tpp();
        if (eq(val, "-"))
          val = "-" + tpp();
        consume(")");
        return new BigInteger(val);
      }

      public Object parseDouble() {
        consume("d");
        consume("(");
        String val = unquote(tpp());
        consume(")");
        return Double.parseDouble(val);
      }

      public Object parseFloat() {
        consume("fl");
        String val;
        if (eq(t(), "(")) {
          consume("(");
          val = unquote(tpp());
          consume(")");
        } else {
          val = unquote(tpp());
        }
        return Float.parseFloat(val);
      }

      public void parseHashSet(unstructure_Receiver out) {
        consume("hashset");
        parseSet(new HashSet(), out);
      }

      public void parseLinkedHashSet(unstructure_Receiver out) {
        consume("lhs");
        parseSet(new LinkedHashSet(), out);
      }

      public void parseTreeSet(unstructure_Receiver out) {
        consume("treeset");
        parseSet(new TreeSet(), out);
      }

      public void parseCISet(unstructure_Receiver out) {
        consume("ciset");
        parseSet(ciSet(), out);
      }

      public void parseMap(unstructure_Receiver out) {
        parseMap(new TreeMap(), out);
      }

      public Object parseJava() {
        String j = unquote(tpp());
        Matches m = new Matches();
        if (jmatch("java.awt.Color[r=*,g=*,b=*]", j, m))
          return nuObject("java.awt.Color", parseInt(m.unq(0)), parseInt(m.unq(1)), parseInt(m.unq(2)));
        else {
          warn("Unknown Java object: " + j);
          return null;
        }
      }

      public void parseMap(final Map map, final unstructure_Receiver out) {
        consume("{");
        stack.add(new Runnable() {

          public boolean v = false;

          public Object key;

          public void run() {
            if (v) {
              v = false;
              stack.add(this);
              if (!eq(tpp(), "="))
                throw fail("= expected, got " + t() + " in map of size " + l(map));
              parse(new unstructure_Receiver() {

                public void set(Object value) {
                  map.put(key, value);
                  if (eq(t(), ","))
                    consume();
                }
              });
            } else {
              if (eq(t(), "}")) {
                consume("}");
                out.set(map);
              } else {
                v = true;
                stack.add(this);
                parse(new unstructure_Receiver() {

                  public void set(Object o) {
                    key = o;
                  }
                });
              }
            }
          }
        });
      }

      public void consume() {
        curT = tok.next();
        ++i;
      }

      public void consume(String s) {
        if (!eq(t(), s)) {
          throw fail(quote(s) + " expected, got " + quote(t()));
        }
        consume();
      }

      public void parse_initial(unstructure_Receiver out) {
        consume();
        parse(out);
        while (nempty(stack)) popLast(stack).run();
      }
    }
    Boolean b = DynamicObject_loading.get();
    DynamicObject_loading.set(true);
    try {
      final Var v = new Var();
      X x = new X();
      x.parse_initial(new unstructure_Receiver() {

        public void set(Object o) {
          v.set(o);
        }
      });
      unstructure_tokrefs = x.tokrefs.size();
      return v.get();
    } finally {
      DynamicObject_loading.set(b);
    }
  }

  static public boolean unstructure_debug = false;

  static public Producer<String> javaTokC_noMLS_onReader(final BufferedReader r) {
    final class X implements Producer<String> {

      public StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();

      public char c, d, e = 'x';

      public X() {
        nc();
        nc();
        nc();
      }

      public void nc() {
        try {
          c = d;
          d = e;
          if (e == '\0')
            return;
          int i = r.read();
          e = i < 0 ? '\0' : i == '\0' ? '_' : (char) i;
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public void ncSave() {
        if (c != '\0') {
          buf.append(c);
          nc();
        }
      }

      public String next() {
        while (c != '\0') {
          if (c == ' ' || c == '\t' || c == '\r' || c == '\n')
            nc();
          else if (c == '/' && d == '*') {
            do nc(); while (c != '\0' && !(c == '*' && d == '/'));
            nc();
            nc();
          } else if (c == '/' && d == '/') {
            do nc(); while (c != '\0' && "\r\n".indexOf(c) < 0);
          } else
            break;
        }
        if (c == '\0')
          return null;
        if (c == '\'' || c == '"') {
          char opener = c;
          ncSave();
          while (c != '\0') {
            if (c == opener || c == '\n') {
              ncSave();
              break;
            } else if (c == '\\') {
              ncSave();
              ncSave();
            } else
              ncSave();
          }
        } else if (Character.isJavaIdentifierStart(c))
          do ncSave(); while (Character.isJavaIdentifierPart(c) || c == '\'');
        else if (Character.isDigit(c)) {
          do ncSave(); while (Character.isDigit(c));
          if (c == 'L')
            ncSave();
        } else
          ncSave();
        String t = buf.toString();
        buf.setLength(0);
        return t;
      }
    }
    return new X();
  }

  static public Lock saveLock_lock = fairLock();

  static public Lock saveLock() {
    return saveLock_lock;
  }

  static public File saveTextFile(String fileName, String contents) throws IOException {
    CriticalAction action = beginCriticalAction("Saving file " + fileName + " (" + l(contents) + " chars)");
    try {
      File file = new File(fileName);
      mkdirsForFile(file);
      String tempFileName = fileName + "_temp";
      File tempFile = new File(tempFileName);
      if (contents != null) {
        if (tempFile.exists())
          try {
            String saveName = tempFileName + ".saved." + now();
            copyFile(tempFile, new File(saveName));
          } catch (Throwable e) {
            printStackTrace(e);
          }
        FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = newFileOutputStream(tempFile.getPath());
        OutputStreamWriter outputStreamWriter = new OutputStreamWriter(fileOutputStream, "UTF-8");
        PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(outputStreamWriter);
        printWriter.print(contents);
        printWriter.close();
      }
      if (file.exists() && !file.delete())
        throw new IOException("Can't delete " + fileName);
      if (contents != null)
        if (!tempFile.renameTo(file))
          throw new IOException("Can't rename " + tempFile + " to " + file);
      vmBus_send("wroteFile", file);
      return file;
    } finally {
      action.done();
    }
  }

  static public File saveTextFile(File fileName, String contents) {
    try {
      saveTextFile(fileName.getPath(), contents);
      return fileName;
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public String javaTokWordWrap(String s) {
    return javaTokWordWrap(120, s);
  }

  static public String javaTokWordWrap(int cols, String s) {
    int col = 0;
    List<String> tok = javaTok(s);
    for (int i = 0; i < l(tok); i++) {
      String t = tok.get(i);
      if (odd(i) && col >= cols && !containsNewLine(t))
        tok.set(i, t = rtrimSpaces(t) + "\n");
      int idx = t.lastIndexOf('\n');
      if (idx >= 0)
        col = l(t) - (idx + 1);
      else
        col += l(t);
    }
    return join(tok);
  }

  static public boolean isInstanceX(Class type, Object arg) {
    if (type == boolean.class)
      return arg instanceof Boolean;
    if (type == int.class)
      return arg instanceof Integer;
    if (type == long.class)
      return arg instanceof Long;
    if (type == float.class)
      return arg instanceof Float;
    if (type == short.class)
      return arg instanceof Short;
    if (type == char.class)
      return arg instanceof Character;
    if (type == byte.class)
      return arg instanceof Byte;
    if (type == double.class)
      return arg instanceof Double;
    return type.isInstance(arg);
  }

  static public <A> A[] makeArray(Class<A> type, int n) {
    return (A[]) Array.newInstance(type, n);
  }

  static public <A> IterableIterator<A> iteratorFromFunction_withEndMarker_f0(final F0<A> f) {
    class IFF2 extends IterableIterator<A> {

      public A a;

      public boolean have, done;

      public boolean hasNext() {
        getNext();
        return !done;
      }

      public A next() {
        getNext();
        if (done)
          throw fail();
        A _a = a;
        a = null;
        have = false;
        return _a;
      }

      public void getNext() {
        if (done || have)
          return;
        Object o = f.get();
        if (o == iteratorFromFunction_endMarker) {
          done = true;
          return;
        }
        a = (A) o;
        have = true;
      }
    }
    ;
    return new IFF2();
  }

  static public boolean isAGIBlueDomain(String domain) {
    return domainIsUnder(domain, theAGIBlueDomain());
  }

  static public String hostNameFromURL(String url) {
    try {
      return new URL(url).getHost();
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static volatile public PersistableThrowable lastException_lastException;

  static public PersistableThrowable lastException() {
    return lastException_lastException;
  }

  static public void lastException(Throwable e) {
    lastException_lastException = persistableThrowable(e);
  }

  static public String[] drop(int n, String[] a) {
    n = Math.min(n, a.length);
    String[] b = new String[a.length - n];
    System.arraycopy(a, n, b, 0, b.length);
    return b;
  }

  static public Object[] drop(int n, Object[] a) {
    n = Math.min(n, a.length);
    Object[] b = new Object[a.length - n];
    System.arraycopy(a, n, b, 0, b.length);
    return b;
  }

  static public <A> ArrayList<A> toList(A[] a) {
    return asList(a);
  }

  static public ArrayList<Integer> toList(int[] a) {
    return asList(a);
  }

  static public <A> ArrayList<A> toList(Set<A> s) {
    return asList(s);
  }

  static public <A> ArrayList<A> toList(Iterable<A> s) {
    return asList(s);
  }

  static public String repeat(char c, int n) {
    n = Math.max(n, 0);
    char[] chars = new char[n];
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) chars[i] = c;
    return new String(chars);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> repeat(A a, int n) {
    n = Math.max(n, 0);
    List<A> l = new ArrayList(n);
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) l.add(a);
    return l;
  }

  static public <A> List<A> repeat(int n, A a) {
    return repeat(a, n);
  }

  static public Runnable asRunnable(Object o) {
    return toRunnable(o);
  }

  static public void _inheritThreadInfo(Object info) {
    _threadInheritInfo(info);
  }

  static public Map vm_generalMap_map;

  static public Map vm_generalMap() {
    if (vm_generalMap_map == null)
      vm_generalMap_map = (Map) get(javax(), "generalMap");
    return vm_generalMap_map;
  }

  static public boolean isImageFileName(String s) {
    return eqicOneOf(fileExtension(s), ".png", ".jpg", ".jpeg", ".gif");
  }

  static public String fileName(File f) {
    return f == null ? null : f.getName();
  }

  static public Map emptyMap() {
    return new HashMap();
  }

  static public int cmp(Number a, Number b) {
    return a == null ? b == null ? 0 : -1 : cmp(a.doubleValue(), b.doubleValue());
  }

  static public int cmp(double a, double b) {
    return a < b ? -1 : a == b ? 0 : 1;
  }

  static public int cmp(Object a, Object b) {
    if (a == null)
      return b == null ? 0 : -1;
    if (b == null)
      return 1;
    return ((Comparable) a).compareTo(b);
  }

  static public long parseLong(String s) {
    if (empty(s))
      return 0;
    return Long.parseLong(dropSuffix("L", s));
  }

  static public long parseLong(Object s) {
    return Long.parseLong((String) s);
  }

  static public boolean isInstance(Class type, Object arg) {
    return type.isInstance(arg);
  }

  static public String _userHome;

  static public String userHome() {
    if (_userHome == null)
      return actualUserHome();
    return _userHome;
  }

  static public File userHome(String path) {
    return new File(userDir(), path);
  }

  static public File newFile(File base, String... names) {
    for (String name : names) base = new File(base, name);
    return base;
  }

  static public File newFile(String name) {
    return name == null ? null : new File(name);
  }

  static public File newFile(String base, String... names) {
    return newFile(newFile(base), names);
  }

  static public String fsI(String id) {
    return formatSnippetID(id);
  }

  static public String fsI(long id) {
    return formatSnippetID(id);
  }

  static public boolean isImageServerSnippet(long id) {
    return id >= 1100000 && id < 1200000;
  }

  static public String imageServerLink(String md5OrID) {
    if (possibleMD5(md5OrID))
      return "https://botcompany.de/images/md5/" + md5OrID;
    return imageServerLink(parseSnippetID(md5OrID));
  }

  static public String imageServerLink(long id) {
    return "https://botcompany.de/images/" + id;
  }

  static public Object vmBus_wrapArgs(Object... args) {
    return empty(args) ? null : l(args) == 1 ? args[0] : args;
  }

  static public void pcallFAll(Collection l, Object... args) {
    if (l != null)
      for (Object f : cloneList(l)) pcallF(f, args);
  }

  static public void pcallFAll(Iterator it, Object... args) {
    while (it.hasNext()) pcallF(it.next(), args);
  }

  static public Set vm_busListeners_live_cache;

  static public Set vm_busListeners_live() {
    if (vm_busListeners_live_cache == null)
      vm_busListeners_live_cache = vm_busListeners_live_load();
    return vm_busListeners_live_cache;
  }

  static public Set vm_busListeners_live_load() {
    return vm_generalIdentityHashSet("busListeners");
  }

  static public Map<String, Set> vm_busListenersByMessage_live_cache;

  static public Map<String, Set> vm_busListenersByMessage_live() {
    if (vm_busListenersByMessage_live_cache == null)
      vm_busListenersByMessage_live_cache = vm_busListenersByMessage_live_load();
    return vm_busListenersByMessage_live_cache;
  }

  static public Map<String, Set> vm_busListenersByMessage_live_load() {
    return vm_generalHashMap("busListenersByMessage");
  }

  static public int parseInt(String s) {
    return emptyString(s) ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(s);
  }

  static public int parseInt(char c) {
    return Integer.parseInt(str(c));
  }

  static public int boolToInt(boolean b) {
    return b ? 1 : 0;
  }

  static public boolean newButton_autoToolTip = true;

  static public JButton newButton(final String text, final Object action) {
    return swing(new F0<JButton>() {

      public JButton get() {
        try {
          String text2 = dropPrefix("[disabled] ", text);
          final JButton btn = new JButton(text2);
          if (l(text2) < l(text))
            btn.setEnabled(false);
          if (newButton_autoToolTip) {
            btn.setToolTipText(btn.getText());
          }
          if (action != null)
            btn.addActionListener(actionListener(action, btn));
          return btn;
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "S text2 = dropPrefix(\"[disabled] \", text);\r\n    final JButton btn = new JButt...";
      }
    });
  }

  static public boolean contains(Collection c, Object o) {
    return c != null && c.contains(o);
  }

  static public boolean contains(Object[] x, Object o) {
    if (x != null)
      for (Object a : x) if (eq(a, o))
        return true;
    return false;
  }

  static public boolean contains(String s, char c) {
    return s != null && s.indexOf(c) >= 0;
  }

  static public boolean contains(String s, String b) {
    return s != null && s.indexOf(b) >= 0;
  }

  static public boolean contains(BitSet bs, int i) {
    return bs != null && bs.get(i);
  }

  static public <A> boolean contains(Producer<A> p, A a) {
    if (p != null && a != null)
      while (true) {
        A x = p.next();
        if (x == null)
          break;
        if (eq(x, a))
          return true;
      }
    return false;
  }

  static public Map<String, Class> classForName_cache = synchroHashMap();

  static public Class classForName(String name) {
    try {
      if (classForName_cache == null)
        return Class.forName(name);
      Class c = classForName_cache.get(name);
      if (c == null)
        classForName_cache.put(name, c = Class.forName(name));
      return c;
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public Map<Class, Constructor> nuObjectWithoutArguments_cache = newDangerousWeakHashMap();

  static public Object nuObjectWithoutArguments(String className) {
    try {
      return nuObjectWithoutArguments(classForName(className));
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public <A> A nuObjectWithoutArguments(Class<A> c) {
    try {
      if (nuObjectWithoutArguments_cache == null)
        return (A) nuObjectWithoutArguments_findConstructor(c).newInstance();
      Constructor m = nuObjectWithoutArguments_cache.get(c);
      if (m == null)
        nuObjectWithoutArguments_cache.put(c, m = nuObjectWithoutArguments_findConstructor(c));
      return (A) m.newInstance();
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public Constructor nuObjectWithoutArguments_findConstructor(Class c) {
    for (Constructor m : c.getDeclaredConstructors()) if (empty(m.getParameterTypes())) {
      makeAccessible(m);
      return m;
    }
    throw fail("No default constructor found in " + c.getName());
  }

  static public List<Class> getClasses(Object[] array) {
    List<Class> l = emptyList(l(array));
    for (Object o : array) l.add(_getClass(o));
    return l;
  }

  static public Object pcallF(Object f, Object... args) {
    return pcallFunction(f, args);
  }

  static public <A> A pcallF(F0<A> f) {
    try {
      return f == null ? null : f.get();
    } catch (Throwable __e) {
      return null;
    }
  }

  static public <A, B> B pcallF(F1<A, B> f, A a) {
    try {
      return f == null ? null : f.get(a);
    } catch (Throwable __e) {
      return null;
    }
  }

  static public <A> void pcallF(VF1<A> f, A a) {
    try {
      if (f != null)
        f.get(a);
    } catch (Throwable __e) {
      _handleException(__e);
    }
  }

  static public void addActionListener(JTextField tf, final Runnable action) {
    onEnter(tf, action);
  }

  static public void addActionListener(final JComboBox cb, final Runnable action) {
    if (cb != null) {
      swing(new Runnable() {

        public void run() {
          try {
            cb.addActionListener(actionListener(action));
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "cb.addActionListener(actionListener(action));";
        }
      });
    }
  }

  static public void addActionListener(final AbstractButton b, final Runnable action) {
    if (b != null) {
      swing(new Runnable() {

        public void run() {
          try {
            b.addActionListener(actionListener(action));
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "b.addActionListener(actionListener(action));";
        }
      });
    }
  }

  static public String selectedItem(JList l) {
    return getSelectedItem(l);
  }

  static public String selectedItem(JComboBox cb) {
    return getSelectedItem(cb);
  }

  static public <A extends JLabel> A bindJLabelToLiveValue(final A label, final LiveValue lv) {
    bindLiveValueListenerToComponent(label, lv, new Runnable() {

      public void run() {
        try {
          setText(label, strOrNull(lv.get()));
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "setText(label, strOrNull(lv.get()))";
      }
    });
    return label;
  }

  static public String javaTok_substringC(String s, int i, int j) {
    return s.substring(i, j);
  }

  static public boolean sameSnippetID(String a, String b) {
    if (!isSnippetID(a) || !isSnippetID(b))
      return false;
    return parseSnippetID(a) == parseSnippetID(b);
  }

  static public File javaxDataDir_dir;

  static public File javaxDataDir() {
    return javaxDataDir_dir != null ? javaxDataDir_dir : new File(userHome(), "JavaX-Data");
  }

  static public File javaxDataDir(String... subs) {
    return newFile(javaxDataDir(), subs);
  }

  static volatile public String caseID_caseID;

  static public String caseID() {
    return caseID_caseID;
  }

  static public void caseID(String id) {
    caseID_caseID = id;
  }

  static public ThreadLocal<VF1<File>> checkFileNotTooBigToRead_tl = new ThreadLocal();

  static public void checkFileNotTooBigToRead(File f) {
    callF(checkFileNotTooBigToRead_tl.get(), f);
  }

  static public int gzInputStream_defaultBufferSize = 65536;

  static public GZIPInputStream gzInputStream(File f) {
    try {
      return gzInputStream(new FileInputStream(f));
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public GZIPInputStream gzInputStream(File f, int bufferSize) {
    try {
      return gzInputStream(new FileInputStream(f), bufferSize);
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public GZIPInputStream gzInputStream(InputStream in) {
    return gzInputStream(in, gzInputStream_defaultBufferSize);
  }

  static public GZIPInputStream gzInputStream(InputStream in, int bufferSize) {
    try {
      return _registerIOWrap(new GZIPInputStream(in, gzInputStream_defaultBufferSize), in);
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public Producer<String> javaTokC_noMLS_iterator(final String s) {
    return javaTokC_noMLS_iterator(s, 0);
  }

  static public Producer<String> javaTokC_noMLS_iterator(final String s, final int startIndex) {
    return new Producer<String>() {

      final public int l = s.length();

      public int i = startIndex;

      public String next() {
        if (i >= l)
          return null;
        int j = i;
        char c, d;
        while (j < l) {
          c = s.charAt(j);
          d = j + 1 >= l ? '\0' : s.charAt(j + 1);
          if (c == ' ' || c == '\t' || c == '\r' || c == '\n')
            ++j;
          else if (c == '/' && d == '*') {
            do ++j; while (j < l && !s.substring(j, Math.min(j + 2, l)).equals("*/"));
            j = Math.min(j + 2, l);
          } else if (c == '/' && d == '/') {
            do ++j; while (j < l && "\r\n".indexOf(s.charAt(j)) < 0);
          } else
            break;
        }
        i = j;
        if (i >= l)
          return null;
        c = s.charAt(i);
        d = i + 1 >= l ? '\0' : s.charAt(i + 1);
        if (c == '\'' || c == '"') {
          char opener = c;
          ++j;
          while (j < l) {
            if (s.charAt(j) == opener || s.charAt(j) == '\n') {
              ++j;
              break;
            } else if (s.charAt(j) == '\\' && j + 1 < l)
              j += 2;
            else
              ++j;
          }
        } else if (Character.isJavaIdentifierStart(c))
          do ++j; while (j < l && Character.isJavaIdentifierPart(s.charAt(j)));
        else if (Character.isDigit(c)) {
          do ++j; while (j < l && Character.isDigit(s.charAt(j)));
          if (j < l && s.charAt(j) == 'L')
            ++j;
        } else
          ++j;
        String t = quickSubstring(s, i, j);
        i = j;
        return t;
      }
    };
  }

  static public String unquoteUsingCharArray(String s, char[] buf) {
    if (s == null)
      return null;
    if (startsWith(s, '[')) {
      int i = 1;
      while (i < s.length() && s.charAt(i) == '=') ++i;
      if (i < s.length() && s.charAt(i) == '[') {
        String m = s.substring(1, i);
        if (s.endsWith("]" + m + "]"))
          return s.substring(i + 1, s.length() - i - 1);
      }
    }
    if (s.length() > 1) {
      char c = s.charAt(0);
      if (c == '\"' || c == '\'') {
        int l = endsWith(s, c) ? s.length() - 1 : s.length();
        if (l > buf.length)
          return unquote(s);
        int n = 0;
        for (int i = 1; i < l; i++) {
          char ch = s.charAt(i);
          if (ch == '\\') {
            char nextChar = (i == l - 1) ? '\\' : s.charAt(i + 1);
            if (nextChar >= '0' && nextChar <= '7') {
              String code = "" + nextChar;
              i++;
              if ((i < l - 1) && s.charAt(i + 1) >= '0' && s.charAt(i + 1) <= '7') {
                code += s.charAt(i + 1);
                i++;
                if ((i < l - 1) && s.charAt(i + 1) >= '0' && s.charAt(i + 1) <= '7') {
                  code += s.charAt(i + 1);
                  i++;
                }
              }
              buf[n++] = (char) Integer.parseInt(code, 8);
              continue;
            }
            switch(nextChar) {
              case '\"':
                ch = '\"';
                break;
              case '\\':
                ch = '\\';
                break;
              case 'b':
                ch = '\b';
                break;
              case 'f':
                ch = '\f';
                break;
              case 'n':
                ch = '\n';
                break;
              case 'r':
                ch = '\r';
                break;
              case 't':
                ch = '\t';
                break;
              case '\'':
                ch = '\'';
                break;
              case 'u':
                if (i >= l - 5) {
                  ch = 'u';
                  break;
                }
                int code = Integer.parseInt("" + s.charAt(i + 2) + s.charAt(i + 3) + s.charAt(i + 4) + s.charAt(i + 5), 16);
                char[] x = Character.toChars(code);
                int lx = x.length;
                for (int j = 0; j < lx; j++) buf[n++] = x[j];
                i += 5;
                continue;
              default:
                ch = nextChar;
            }
            i++;
          }
          buf[n++] = ch;
        }
        return new String(buf, 0, n);
      }
    }
    return s;
  }

  static public boolean structure_isMarker(String s, int i, int j) {
    if (i >= j)
      return false;
    if (s.charAt(i) != 'm')
      return false;
    ++i;
    while (i < j) {
      char c = s.charAt(i);
      if (c < '0' || c > '9')
        return false;
      ++i;
    }
    return true;
  }

  static public String internIfLongerThan(String s, int l) {
    return s == null ? null : l(s) >= l ? intern(s) : s;
  }

  static public String unquote(String s) {
    if (s == null)
      return null;
    if (startsWith(s, '[')) {
      int i = 1;
      while (i < s.length() && s.charAt(i) == '=') ++i;
      if (i < s.length() && s.charAt(i) == '[') {
        String m = s.substring(1, i);
        if (s.endsWith("]" + m + "]"))
          return s.substring(i + 1, s.length() - i - 1);
      }
    }
    if (s.length() > 1) {
      char c = s.charAt(0);
      if (c == '\"' || c == '\'') {
        int l = endsWith(s, c) ? s.length() - 1 : s.length();
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(l - 1);
        for (int i = 1; i < l; i++) {
          char ch = s.charAt(i);
          if (ch == '\\') {
            char nextChar = (i == l - 1) ? '\\' : s.charAt(i + 1);
            if (nextChar >= '0' && nextChar <= '7') {
              String code = "" + nextChar;
              i++;
              if ((i < l - 1) && s.charAt(i + 1) >= '0' && s.charAt(i + 1) <= '7') {
                code += s.charAt(i + 1);
                i++;
                if ((i < l - 1) && s.charAt(i + 1) >= '0' && s.charAt(i + 1) <= '7') {
                  code += s.charAt(i + 1);
                  i++;
                }
              }
              sb.append((char) Integer.parseInt(code, 8));
              continue;
            }
            switch(nextChar) {
              case '\"':
                ch = '\"';
                break;
              case '\\':
                ch = '\\';
                break;
              case 'b':
                ch = '\b';
                break;
              case 'f':
                ch = '\f';
                break;
              case 'n':
                ch = '\n';
                break;
              case 'r':
                ch = '\r';
                break;
              case 't':
                ch = '\t';
                break;
              case '\'':
                ch = '\'';
                break;
              case 'u':
                if (i >= l - 5) {
                  ch = 'u';
                  break;
                }
                int code = Integer.parseInt("" + s.charAt(i + 2) + s.charAt(i + 3) + s.charAt(i + 4) + s.charAt(i + 5), 16);
                sb.append(Character.toChars(code));
                i += 5;
                continue;
              default:
                ch = nextChar;
            }
            i++;
          }
          sb.append(ch);
        }
        return sb.toString();
      }
    }
    return s;
  }

  static public char unquoteCharacter(String s) {
    assertTrue(s.startsWith("'") && s.length() > 1);
    return unquote("\"" + s.substring(1, s.endsWith("'") ? s.length() - 1 : s.length()) + "\"").charAt(0);
  }

  static public BigInteger parseBigInt(String s) {
    return new BigInteger(s);
  }

  static public double parseDouble(String s) {
    return Double.parseDouble(s);
  }

  static public float parseFloat(String s) {
    return Float.parseFloat(s);
  }

  static public boolean isLongConstant(String s) {
    if (!s.endsWith("L"))
      return false;
    s = s.substring(0, l(s) - 1);
    return isInteger(s);
  }

  static public boolean isInteger(String s) {
    int n = l(s);
    if (n == 0)
      return false;
    int i = 0;
    if (s.charAt(0) == '-')
      if (++i >= n)
        return false;
    while (i < n) {
      char c = s.charAt(i);
      if (c < '0' || c > '9')
        return false;
      ++i;
    }
    return true;
  }

  static public <A> TreeMap<String, A> ciMap() {
    return caseInsensitiveMap();
  }

  static public List parseList(String s) {
    return (List) safeUnstructure(s);
  }

  static public byte[] hexToBytes(String s) {
    if (odd(l(s)))
      throw fail("Hex string has odd length: " + quote(shorten(10, s)));
    int n = l(s) / 2;
    byte[] bytes = new byte[n];
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
      int a = parseHexChar(s.charAt(i * 2));
      int b = parseHexChar(s.charAt(i * 2 + 1));
      if (a < 0 || b < 0)
        throw fail("Bad hex byte: " + quote(substring(s, i * 2, i * 2 + 2)) + " at " + i * 2 + "/" + l(s));
      bytes[i] = (byte) ((a << 4) | b);
    }
    return bytes;
  }

  static public boolean[] boolArrayFromBytes(byte[] a, int n) {
    boolean[] b = new boolean[n];
    int m = min(n, l(a) * 8);
    for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) b[i] = (a[i / 8] & 1 << (i & 7)) != 0;
    return b;
  }

  static public boolean isJavaIdentifier(String s) {
    if (empty(s) || !Character.isJavaIdentifierStart(s.charAt(0)))
      return false;
    for (int i = 1; i < s.length(); i++) if (!Character.isJavaIdentifierPart(s.charAt(i)))
      return false;
    return true;
  }

  static public String assertIdentifier(String s) {
    return assertIsIdentifier(s);
  }

  static public String assertIdentifier(String msg, String s) {
    return assertIsIdentifier(msg, s);
  }

  static public <A> A nuStubInnerObject(Class<A> c) {
    return nuStubInnerObject(c, null);
  }

  static public <A> A nuStubInnerObject(Class<A> c, Object classFinder) {
    try {
      Class outerType = getOuterClass(c, classFinder);
      Constructor m = c.getDeclaredConstructor(outerType);
      makeAccessible(m);
      return (A) m.newInstance(new Object[] { null });
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public Map<Class, Constructor> nuEmptyObject_cache = newDangerousWeakHashMap();

  static public <A> A nuEmptyObject(Class<A> c) {
    try {
      Constructor ctr;
      synchronized (nuEmptyObject_cache) {
        ctr = nuEmptyObject_cache.get(c);
        if (ctr == null) {
          nuEmptyObject_cache.put(c, ctr = nuEmptyObject_findConstructor(c));
          makeAccessible(ctr);
        }
      }
      try {
        return (A) ctr.newInstance();
      } catch (InstantiationException e) {
        if (empty(e.getMessage()))
          if ((c.getModifiers() & Modifier.ABSTRACT) != 0)
            throw fail("Can't instantiate abstract class " + className(c), e);
          else
            throw fail("Can't instantiate " + className(c), e);
        else
          throw rethrow(e);
      }
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public Constructor nuEmptyObject_findConstructor(Class c) {
    for (Constructor m : c.getDeclaredConstructors()) if (m.getParameterTypes().length == 0)
      return m;
    throw fail("No default constructor declared in " + c.getName());
  }

  static public HashMap<String, Class> findClass_cache = new HashMap();

  static public Class findClass(String name) {
    synchronized (findClass_cache) {
      if (findClass_cache.containsKey(name))
        return findClass_cache.get(name);
      if (!isJavaIdentifier(name))
        return null;
      Class c;
      try {
        c = Class.forName("main$" + name);
      } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
        c = null;
      }
      findClass_cache.put(name, c);
      return c;
    }
  }

  static public String quote(Object o) {
    if (o == null)
      return "null";
    return quote(str(o));
  }

  static public String quote(String s) {
    if (s == null)
      return "null";
    StringBuilder out = new StringBuilder((int) (l(s) * 1.5 + 2));
    quote_impl(s, out);
    return out.toString();
  }

  static public void quote_impl(String s, StringBuilder out) {
    out.append('"');
    int l = s.length();
    for (int i = 0; i < l; i++) {
      char c = s.charAt(i);
      if (c == '\\' || c == '"')
        out.append('\\').append(c);
      else if (c == '\r')
        out.append("\\r");
      else if (c == '\n')
        out.append("\\n");
      else if (c == '\0')
        out.append("\\0");
      else
        out.append(c);
    }
    out.append('"');
  }

  static public void setOptAllDyn(DynamicObject o, Map<String, Object> fields) {
    if (fields == null)
      return;
    HashMap<String, Field> fieldMap = instanceFieldsMap(o);
    for (Map.Entry<String, Object> e : fields.entrySet()) {
      String field = e.getKey();
      Object val = e.getValue();
      boolean has = fieldMap.containsKey(field);
      if (has)
        setOpt(o, field, val);
      else {
        o.fieldValues = syncMapPut2_createLinkedHashMap(o.fieldValues, intern(field), val);
      }
    }
  }

  static public void setOptAll_pcall(Object o, Map<String, Object> fields) {
    if (fields == null)
      return;
    for (String field : keys(fields)) try {
      setOpt(o, field, fields.get(field));
    } catch (Throwable __e) {
      print(exceptionToStringShort(__e));
    }
  }

  static public void setOptAll_pcall(Object o, Object... values) {
    warnIfOddCount(values);
    for (int i = 0; i + 1 < l(values); i += 2) {
      String field = (String) values[i];
      Object value = values[i + 1];
      try {
        setOpt(o, field, value);
      } catch (Throwable __e) {
        print(exceptionToStringShort(__e));
      }
    }
  }

  static public void fixOuterRefs(Object o) {
    try {
      if (o == null)
        return;
      Field[] l = thisDollarOneFields(o.getClass());
      if (l.length <= 1)
        return;
      Object father = null;
      for (Field f : l) {
        father = f.get(o);
        if (father != null)
          break;
      }
      if (father == null)
        return;
      for (Field f : l) f.set(o, father);
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public void setDynObjectValue(DynamicObject o, String field, Object value) {
    o.fieldValues = syncMapPut2_createLinkedHashMap(o.fieldValues, field, value);
  }

  static public String intern(String s) {
    return fastIntern(s);
  }

  static public void pcallOpt_noArgs(Object o, String method) {
    try {
      callOpt_noArgs(o, method);
    } catch (Throwable __e) {
      _handleException(__e);
    }
  }

  static public int[] toIntArray(Collection<Integer> l) {
    int[] a = new int[l(l)];
    int i = 0;
    if (a.length != 0)
      for (int x : l) a[i++] = x;
    return a;
  }

  static public double[] toDoubleArray(Collection<Double> l) {
    double[] a = new double[l(l)];
    int i = 0;
    if (a.length != 0)
      for (double x : l) a[i++] = x;
    return a;
  }

  static public String dropPrefix(String prefix, String s) {
    return s == null ? null : s.startsWith(prefix) ? s.substring(l(prefix)) : s;
  }

  static public TreeSet<String> ciSet() {
    return caseInsensitiveSet();
  }

  static public boolean jmatch(String pat, String s) {
    return jmatch(pat, s, null);
  }

  static public boolean jmatch(String pat, String s, Matches matches) {
    if (s == null)
      return false;
    return jmatch(pat, javaTok(s), matches);
  }

  static public boolean jmatch(String pat, List<String> toks) {
    return jmatch(pat, toks, null);
  }

  static public boolean jmatch(String pat, List<String> toks, Matches matches) {
    List<String> tokpat = javaTok(pat);
    String[] m = match2(tokpat, toks);
    if (m == null)
      return false;
    else {
      if (matches != null)
        matches.m = m;
      return true;
    }
  }

  static public boolean warn_on = true;

  static public ThreadLocal<List<String>> warn_warnings = new ThreadLocal();

  static public void warn(String s) {
    if (warn_on)
      print("Warning: " + s);
  }

  static public void warn(String s, List<String> warnings) {
    warn(s);
    if (warnings != null)
      warnings.add(s);
    addToCollection(warn_warnings.get(), s);
  }

  static public <A> A popLast(List<A> l) {
    return liftLast(l);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> popLast(int n, List<A> l) {
    return liftLast(n, l);
  }

  static public List<CriticalAction> beginCriticalAction_inFlight = synchroList();

  static public class CriticalAction {

    public String description;

    public CriticalAction() {
    }

    public CriticalAction(String description) {
      this.description = description;
    }

    public void done() {
      beginCriticalAction_inFlight.remove(this);
    }
  }

  static public CriticalAction beginCriticalAction(String description) {
    ping();
    CriticalAction c = new CriticalAction(description);
    beginCriticalAction_inFlight.add(c);
    return c;
  }

  static public void cleanMeUp_beginCriticalAction() {
    int n = 0;
    while (nempty(beginCriticalAction_inFlight)) {
      int m = l(beginCriticalAction_inFlight);
      if (m != n) {
        n = m;
        try {
          print("Waiting for " + n2(n, "critical actions") + ": " + join(", ", collect(beginCriticalAction_inFlight, "description")));
        } catch (Throwable __e) {
          _handleException(__e);
        }
      }
      sleepInCleanUp(10);
    }
  }

  public static File mkdirsForFile(File file) {
    File dir = file.getParentFile();
    if (dir != null) {
      dir.mkdirs();
      if (!dir.isDirectory())
        if (dir.isFile())
          throw fail("Please delete the file " + f2s(dir) + " - it is supposed to be a directory!");
        else
          throw fail("Unknown IO exception during mkdirs of " + f2s(file));
    }
    return file;
  }

  public static String mkdirsForFile(String path) {
    mkdirsForFile(new File(path));
    return path;
  }

  static public long now_virtualTime;

  static public long now() {
    return now_virtualTime != 0 ? now_virtualTime : System.currentTimeMillis();
  }

  static public File copyFile(File src, File dest) {
    try {
      FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(src.getPath());
      FileOutputStream outputStream = newFileOutputStream(dest.getPath());
      try {
        copyStream(inputStream, outputStream);
        inputStream.close();
      } finally {
        outputStream.close();
      }
      return dest;
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public FileOutputStream newFileOutputStream(File path) throws IOException {
    return newFileOutputStream(path.getPath());
  }

  static public FileOutputStream newFileOutputStream(String path) throws IOException {
    return newFileOutputStream(path, false);
  }

  static public FileOutputStream newFileOutputStream(File path, boolean append) throws IOException {
    return newFileOutputStream(path.getPath(), append);
  }

  static public FileOutputStream newFileOutputStream(String path, boolean append) throws IOException {
    mkdirsForFile(path);
    FileOutputStream f = new FileOutputStream(path, append);
    _registerIO(f, path, true);
    return f;
  }

  static public int javaTok_n, javaTok_elements;

  static public boolean javaTok_opt = false;

  static public List<String> javaTok(String s) {
    ++javaTok_n;
    ArrayList<String> tok = new ArrayList();
    int l = s == null ? 0 : s.length();
    int i = 0, n = 0;
    while (i < l) {
      int j = i;
      char c, d;
      while (j < l) {
        c = s.charAt(j);
        d = j + 1 >= l ? '\0' : s.charAt(j + 1);
        if (c == ' ' || c == '\t' || c == '\r' || c == '\n')
          ++j;
        else if (c == '/' && d == '*') {
          do ++j; while (j < l && !s.substring(j, Math.min(j + 2, l)).equals("*/"));
          j = Math.min(j + 2, l);
        } else if (c == '/' && d == '/') {
          do ++j; while (j < l && "\r\n".indexOf(s.charAt(j)) < 0);
        } else
          break;
      }
      tok.add(javaTok_substringN(s, i, j));
      ++n;
      i = j;
      if (i >= l)
        break;
      c = s.charAt(i);
      d = i + 1 >= l ? '\0' : s.charAt(i + 1);
      if (c == '\'' && Character.isJavaIdentifierStart(d) && i + 2 < l && "'\\".indexOf(s.charAt(i + 2)) < 0) {
        j += 2;
        while (j < l && Character.isJavaIdentifierPart(s.charAt(j))) ++j;
      } else if (c == '\'' || c == '"') {
        char opener = c;
        ++j;
        while (j < l) {
          int c2 = s.charAt(j);
          if (c2 == opener || c2 == '\n' && opener == '\'') {
            ++j;
            break;
          } else if (c2 == '\\' && j + 1 < l)
            j += 2;
          else
            ++j;
        }
      } else if (Character.isJavaIdentifierStart(c))
        do ++j; while (j < l && (Character.isJavaIdentifierPart(s.charAt(j)) || s.charAt(j) == '\''));
      else if (Character.isDigit(c)) {
        do ++j; while (j < l && Character.isDigit(s.charAt(j)));
        if (j < l && s.charAt(j) == 'L')
          ++j;
      } else if (c == '[' && d == '[') {
        do ++j; while (j + 1 < l && !s.substring(j, j + 2).equals("]]"));
        j = Math.min(j + 2, l);
      } else if (c == '[' && d == '=' && i + 2 < l && s.charAt(i + 2) == '[') {
        do ++j; while (j + 2 < l && !s.substring(j, j + 3).equals("]=]"));
        j = Math.min(j + 3, l);
      } else
        ++j;
      tok.add(javaTok_substringC(s, i, j));
      ++n;
      i = j;
    }
    if ((tok.size() % 2) == 0)
      tok.add("");
    javaTok_elements += tok.size();
    return tok;
  }

  static public List<String> javaTok(List<String> tok) {
    return javaTokWithExisting(join(tok), tok);
  }

  static public boolean containsNewLine(String s) {
    return contains(s, '\n');
  }

  public static String rtrimSpaces(String s) {
    if (s == null)
      return null;
    int i = s.length();
    while (i > 0 && " \t".indexOf(s.charAt(i - 1)) >= 0) --i;
    return i < s.length() ? s.substring(0, i) : s;
  }

  static public boolean domainIsUnder(String domain, String mainDomain) {
    return eqic(domain, mainDomain) || ewic(domain, "." + mainDomain);
  }

  static public String theAGIBlueDomain() {
    return "agi.blue";
  }

  static public boolean eqicOneOf(String s, String... l) {
    for (String x : l) if (eqic(s, x))
      return true;
    return false;
  }

  static public String fileExtension(File f) {
    if (f == null)
      return null;
    return fileExtension(f.getName());
  }

  static public String fileExtension(String s) {
    return substring(s, smartLastIndexOf(s, '.'));
  }

  static public String dropSuffix(String suffix, String s) {
    return s.endsWith(suffix) ? s.substring(0, l(s) - l(suffix)) : s;
  }

  static public String actualUserHome_value;

  static public String actualUserHome() {
    if (actualUserHome_value == null) {
      if (isAndroid())
        actualUserHome_value = "/storage/emulated/0/";
      else
        actualUserHome_value = System.getProperty("user.home");
    }
    return actualUserHome_value;
  }

  static public File actualUserHome(String sub) {
    return newFile(new File(actualUserHome()), sub);
  }

  static public File userDir() {
    return new File(userHome());
  }

  static public File userDir(String path) {
    return new File(userHome(), path);
  }

  static public boolean possibleMD5(String s) {
    return isMD5(s);
  }

  static public boolean emptyString(String s) {
    return s == null || s.length() == 0;
  }

  static public ActionListener actionListener(final Object runnable) {
    return actionListener(runnable, null);
  }

  static public ActionListener actionListener(final Object runnable, final Object instanceToHold) {
    if (runnable instanceof ActionListener)
      return (ActionListener) runnable;
    final Object info = _threadInfo();
    return new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {

      public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent _evt) {
        try {
          _threadInheritInfo(info);
          AutoCloseable __1 = holdInstance(instanceToHold);
          try {
            callF(runnable);
          } finally {
            _close(__1);
          }
        } catch (Throwable __e) {
          messageBox(__e);
        }
      }
    };
  }

  static public Map synchroHashMap() {
    return Collections.synchronizedMap(new HashMap());
  }

  static public Class<?> _getClass(String name) {
    try {
      return Class.forName(name);
    } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
      return null;
    }
  }

  static public Class _getClass(Object o) {
    return o == null ? null : o instanceof Class ? (Class) o : o.getClass();
  }

  static public Class _getClass(Object realm, String name) {
    try {
      return getClass(realm).getClassLoader().loadClass(classNameToVM(name));
    } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
      return null;
    }
  }

  static public Object pcallFunction(Object f, Object... args) {
    try {
      return callFunction(f, args);
    } catch (Throwable __e) {
      _handleException(__e);
    }
    return null;
  }

  static public JTextField onEnter(final JTextField tf, final Object action) {
    if (action == null || tf == null)
      return tf;
    tf.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {

      public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent _evt) {
        try {
          tf.selectAll();
          callF(action);
        } catch (Throwable __e) {
          messageBox(__e);
        }
      }
    });
    return tf;
  }

  static public JButton onEnter(JButton btn, final Object action) {
    if (action == null || btn == null)
      return btn;
    btn.addActionListener(actionListener(action));
    return btn;
  }

  static public JList onEnter(JList list, Object action) {
    list.addKeyListener(enterKeyListener(rCallOnSelectedListItem(list, action)));
    return list;
  }

  static public JComboBox onEnter(final JComboBox cb, final Object action) {
    {
      swing(new Runnable() {

        public void run() {
          try {
            if (cb.isEditable()) {
              JTextField text = (JTextField) cb.getEditor().getEditorComponent();
              onEnter(text, action);
            } else {
              cb.getInputMap().put(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke("ENTER"), "enter");
              cb.getActionMap().put("enter", abstractAction("", new Runnable() {

                public void run() {
                  try {
                    cb.hidePopup();
                    callF(action);
                  } catch (Exception __e) {
                    throw rethrow(__e);
                  }
                }

                public String toString() {
                  return "cb.hidePopup(); callF(action);";
                }
              }));
            }
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "if (cb.isEditable()) {\r\n      JTextField text = (JTextField) cb.getEditor().g...";
        }
      });
    }
    return cb;
  }

  static public JTable onEnter(final JTable table, final Object action) {
    table.getInputMap(JComponent.WHEN_ANCESTOR_OF_FOCUSED_COMPONENT).put(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER, 0), "Enter");
    table.getActionMap().put("Enter", new AbstractAction() {

      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        callF(action, table.getSelectedRow());
      }
    });
    return table;
  }

  static public JTextField onEnter(Object action, JTextField tf) {
    return onEnter(tf, action);
  }

  static public String getSelectedItem(JList l) {
    return (String) l.getSelectedValue();
  }

  static public String getSelectedItem(JComboBox cb) {
    return strOrNull(cb.getSelectedItem());
  }

  static public <A extends JComponent> A bindLiveValueListenerToComponent(A component, final LiveValue lv, final Runnable listener) {
    if (lv != null)
      bindToComponent(component, new Runnable() {

        public void run() {
          try {
            lv.onChangeAndNow(listener);
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "ifdef bindLiveValueListenerToComponent_debug\r\n          print(\"bindLiveValueL...";
        }
      }, new Runnable() {

        public void run() {
          try {
            lv.removeOnChangeListener(listener);
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "lv.removeOnChangeListener(listener)";
        }
      });
    return component;
  }

  static public boolean setText_opt = true;

  static public <A extends JTextComponent> A setText(A c, Object text) {
    setText((JComponent) c, text);
    return c;
  }

  static public <A extends JComboBox> A setText(final A c, Object text) {
    final String s = strUnnull(text);
    {
      swing(new Runnable() {

        public void run() {
          try {
            c.getEditor().setItem(s);
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "c.getEditor().setItem(s);";
        }
      });
    }
    return c;
  }

  static public void setText(JLabel c, Object text) {
    setText((JComponent) c, text);
  }

  static public JButton setText(JButton c, Object text) {
    setText((JComponent) c, jlabel_textAsHTML_center_ifNeeded(strUnnull(text)));
    return c;
  }

  static public <A extends JComponent> A setText(final A c, Object text) {
    if (c == null)
      return null;
    final String s = strUnnull(text);
    {
      swing(new Runnable() {

        public void run() {
          try {
            if (!setText_opt || neq(callOpt(c, "getText"), s))
              call(c, "setText", s);
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "if (!setText_opt || neq(callOpt(c, \"getText\"), s))\r\n      call(c, \"setText\", s);";
        }
      });
    }
    return c;
  }

  static public String strOrNull(Object o) {
    return o == null ? null : str(o);
  }

  static public <A> A _registerIOWrap(A wrapper, Object wrapped) {
    return wrapper;
  }

  static public String quickSubstring(String s, int i, int j) {
    if (i == j)
      return "";
    return s.substring(i, j);
  }

  static public boolean endsWith(String a, String b) {
    return a != null && a.endsWith(b);
  }

  static public boolean endsWith(String a, char c) {
    return nempty(a) && lastChar(a) == c;
  }

  static public boolean endsWith(String a, String b, Matches m) {
    if (!endsWith(a, b))
      return false;
    m.m = new String[] { dropLast(l(b), a) };
    return true;
  }

  static public <A> TreeMap<String, A> caseInsensitiveMap() {
    return new TreeMap(caseInsensitiveComparator());
  }

  static public Object safeUnstructure(String s) {
    return unstructure(s, true);
  }

  static public int shorten_default = 100;

  static public String shorten(String s) {
    return shorten(s, shorten_default);
  }

  static public String shorten(String s, int max) {
    return shorten(s, max, "...");
  }

  static public String shorten(String s, int max, String shortener) {
    if (s == null)
      return "";
    if (max < 0)
      return s;
    return s.length() <= max ? s : substring(s, 0, min(s.length(), max - l(shortener))) + shortener;
  }

  static public String shorten(int max, String s) {
    return shorten(s, max);
  }

  static public int parseHexChar(char c) {
    if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
      return charDiff(c, '0');
    if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f')
      return charDiff(c, 'a') + 10;
    if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F')
      return charDiff(c, 'A') + 10;
    return -1;
  }

  static public String assertIsIdentifier(String s) {
    if (!isIdentifier(s))
      throw fail("Not an identifier: " + quote(s));
    return s;
  }

  static public String assertIsIdentifier(String msg, String s) {
    if (!isIdentifier(s))
      throw fail(msg + " - Not an identifier: " + quote(s));
    return s;
  }

  static public Class getOuterClass(Class c) {
    return getOuterClass(c, null);
  }

  static public Class getOuterClass(Class c, Object classFinder) {
    try {
      String s = c.getName();
      int i = s.lastIndexOf('$');
      String name = substring(s, 0, i);
      if (classFinder != null)
        return (Class) callF(classFinder, name);
      return Class.forName(name);
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public HashMap<String, Field> instanceFieldsMap(Object o) {
    Class c = o.getClass();
    HashMap<String, Field> map;
    synchronized (getOpt_cache) {
      map = getOpt_cache.get(c);
      if (map == null)
        map = getOpt_makeCache(c);
    }
    return map;
  }

  static public <A, B> LinkedHashMap<A, B> syncMapPut2_createLinkedHashMap(LinkedHashMap<A, B> map, A key, B value) {
    if (key != null)
      if (value != null) {
        if (map == null)
          map = new LinkedHashMap();
        synchronized (collectionMutex(map)) {
          map.put(key, value);
        }
      } else if (map != null)
        synchronized (collectionMutex(map)) {
          map.remove(key);
        }
    return map;
  }

  static public String exceptionToStringShort(Throwable e) {
    lastException(e);
    e = getInnerException(e);
    String msg = hideCredentials(unnull(e.getMessage()));
    if (msg.indexOf("Error") < 0 && msg.indexOf("Exception") < 0)
      return baseClassName(e) + prependIfNempty(": ", msg);
    else
      return msg;
  }

  static public void warnIfOddCount(Object... list) {
    if (odd(l(list)))
      printStackTrace("Odd list size: " + list);
  }

  static public Map<Class, Field[]> thisDollarOneFields_cache = newDangerousWeakHashMap();

  static public Field[] thisDollarOneFields(Class c) {
    synchronized (thisDollarOneFields_cache) {
      Field[] l = thisDollarOneFields_cache.get(c);
      if (l == null)
        thisDollarOneFields_cache.put(c, l = thisDollarOneFields_uncached(c));
      return l;
    }
  }

  static public Field[] thisDollarOneFields_uncached(Class c) {
    List<Field> fields = new ArrayList();
    do {
      for (Field f : c.getDeclaredFields()) if (f.getName().equals("this$1"))
        fields.add(makeAccessible(f));
      c = c.getSuperclass();
    } while (c != null);
    return toArray(new Field[l(fields)], fields);
  }

  static public Method fastIntern_method;

  static public String fastIntern(String s) {
    try {
      if (s == null)
        return null;
      if (fastIntern_method == null) {
        fastIntern_method = findMethodNamed(javax(), "internPerProgram");
        if (fastIntern_method == null)
          upgradeJavaXAndRestart();
      }
      return (String) fastIntern_method.invoke(null, s);
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public Map<Class, HashMap<String, Method>> callOpt_noArgs_cache = newDangerousWeakHashMap();

  static public Object callOpt_noArgs(Object o, String method) {
    try {
      if (o == null)
        return null;
      if (o instanceof Class)
        return callOpt(o, method);
      Class c = o.getClass();
      HashMap<String, Method> map;
      synchronized (callOpt_noArgs_cache) {
        map = callOpt_noArgs_cache.get(c);
        if (map == null)
          map = callOpt_noArgs_makeCache(c);
      }
      Method m = map.get(method);
      return m != null ? m.invoke(o) : null;
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public HashMap<String, Method> callOpt_noArgs_makeCache(Class c) {
    HashMap<String, Method> map = new HashMap();
    Class _c = c;
    do {
      for (Method m : c.getDeclaredMethods()) if (m.getParameterTypes().length == 0 && !reflection_isForbiddenMethod(m)) {
        makeAccessible(m);
        String name = m.getName();
        if (!map.containsKey(name))
          map.put(name, m);
      }
      _c = _c.getSuperclass();
    } while (_c != null);
    callOpt_noArgs_cache.put(c, map);
    return map;
  }

  static public TreeSet<String> caseInsensitiveSet() {
    return caseInsensitiveSet_treeSet();
  }

  static public TreeSet<String> caseInsensitiveSet(Collection<String> c) {
    return caseInsensitiveSet_treeSet(c);
  }

  static public String[] match2(List<String> pat, List<String> tok) {
    int i = pat.indexOf("...");
    if (i < 0)
      return match2_match(pat, tok);
    pat = new ArrayList<String>(pat);
    pat.set(i, "*");
    while (pat.size() < tok.size()) {
      pat.add(i, "*");
      pat.add(i + 1, "");
    }
    return match2_match(pat, tok);
  }

  static public String[] match2_match(List<String> pat, List<String> tok) {
    List<String> result = new ArrayList<String>();
    if (pat.size() != tok.size()) {
      return null;
    }
    for (int i = 1; i < pat.size(); i += 2) {
      String p = pat.get(i), t = tok.get(i);
      if (eq(p, "*"))
        result.add(t);
      else if (!equalsIgnoreCase(unquote(p), unquote(t)))
        return null;
    }
    return result.toArray(new String[result.size()]);
  }

  static public <A> boolean addToCollection(Collection<A> c, A a) {
    return c != null && c.add(a);
  }

  static public <A> A liftLast(List<A> l) {
    if (empty(l))
      return null;
    int i = l(l) - 1;
    A a = l.get(i);
    l.remove(i);
    return a;
  }

  static public <A> List<A> liftLast(int n, List<A> l) {
    int i = l(l) - n;
    List<A> part = cloneSubList(l, i);
    removeSubList(l, i);
    return part;
  }

  static public String n2(long l) {
    return formatWithThousands(l);
  }

  static public String n2(Collection l) {
    return n2(l(l));
  }

  static public String n2(double l, String singular) {
    return n2(l, singular, singular + "s");
  }

  static public String n2(double l, String singular, String plural) {
    if (fraction(l) == 0)
      return n2((long) l, singular, plural);
    else
      return l + " " + plural;
  }

  static public String n2(long l, String singular, String plural) {
    return n_fancy2(l, singular, plural);
  }

  static public String n2(long l, String singular) {
    return n_fancy2(l, singular, singular + "s");
  }

  static public String n2(Collection l, String singular) {
    return n2(l(l), singular);
  }

  static public String n2(Collection l, String singular, String plural) {
    return n_fancy2(l, singular, plural);
  }

  static public String n2(Map m, String singular, String plural) {
    return n_fancy2(m, singular, plural);
  }

  static public String n2(Map m, String singular) {
    return n2(l(m), singular);
  }

  static public String n2(Object[] a, String singular) {
    return n2(l(a), singular);
  }

  static public String n2(Object[] a, String singular, String plural) {
    return n_fancy2(a, singular, plural);
  }

  static public String n2(MultiSet ms, String singular, String plural) {
    return n_fancy2(ms, singular, plural);
  }

  static public List collect(Iterable c, String field) {
    return collectField(c, field);
  }

  static public List collect(String field, Iterable c) {
    return collectField(c, field);
  }

  static public void sleepInCleanUp(long ms) {
    try {
      if (ms < 0)
        return;
      Thread.sleep(ms);
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public String f2s(File f) {
    return f == null ? null : f.getAbsolutePath();
  }

  static public String f2s(String s) {
    return f2s(newFile(s));
  }

  static public String f2s(java.nio.file.Path p) {
    return p == null ? null : f2s(p.toFile());
  }

  static public void copyStream(InputStream in, OutputStream out) {
    try {
      byte[] buf = new byte[65536];
      while (true) {
        int n = in.read(buf);
        if (n <= 0)
          return;
        out.write(buf, 0, n);
      }
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public void _registerIO(Object object, String path, boolean opened) {
  }

  static public String javaTok_substringN(String s, int i, int j) {
    if (i == j)
      return "";
    if (j == i + 1 && s.charAt(i) == ' ')
      return " ";
    return s.substring(i, j);
  }

  static public List<String> javaTokWithExisting(String s, List<String> existing) {
    ++javaTok_n;
    int nExisting = javaTok_opt && existing != null ? existing.size() : 0;
    ArrayList<String> tok = existing != null ? new ArrayList(nExisting) : new ArrayList();
    int l = s.length();
    int i = 0, n = 0;
    while (i < l) {
      int j = i;
      char c, d;
      while (j < l) {
        c = s.charAt(j);
        d = j + 1 >= l ? '\0' : s.charAt(j + 1);
        if (c == ' ' || c == '\t' || c == '\r' || c == '\n')
          ++j;
        else if (c == '/' && d == '*') {
          do ++j; while (j < l && !s.substring(j, Math.min(j + 2, l)).equals("*/"));
          j = Math.min(j + 2, l);
        } else if (c == '/' && d == '/') {
          do ++j; while (j < l && "\r\n".indexOf(s.charAt(j)) < 0);
        } else
          break;
      }
      if (n < nExisting && javaTokWithExisting_isCopyable(existing.get(n), s, i, j))
        tok.add(existing.get(n));
      else
        tok.add(javaTok_substringN(s, i, j));
      ++n;
      i = j;
      if (i >= l)
        break;
      c = s.charAt(i);
      d = i + 1 >= l ? '\0' : s.charAt(i + 1);
      if (c == '\'' && Character.isJavaIdentifierStart(d) && i + 2 < l && "'\\".indexOf(s.charAt(i + 2)) < 0) {
        j += 2;
        while (j < l && Character.isJavaIdentifierPart(s.charAt(j))) ++j;
      } else if (c == '\'' || c == '"') {
        char opener = c;
        ++j;
        while (j < l) {
          if (s.charAt(j) == opener) {
            ++j;
            break;
          } else if (s.charAt(j) == '\\' && j + 1 < l)
            j += 2;
          else
            ++j;
        }
      } else if (Character.isJavaIdentifierStart(c))
        do ++j; while (j < l && (Character.isJavaIdentifierPart(s.charAt(j)) || "'".indexOf(s.charAt(j)) >= 0));
      else if (Character.isDigit(c)) {
        do ++j; while (j < l && Character.isDigit(s.charAt(j)));
        if (j < l && s.charAt(j) == 'L')
          ++j;
      } else if (c == '[' && d == '[') {
        do ++j; while (j + 1 < l && !s.substring(j, j + 2).equals("]]"));
        j = Math.min(j + 2, l);
      } else if (c == '[' && d == '=' && i + 2 < l && s.charAt(i + 2) == '[') {
        do ++j; while (j + 2 < l && !s.substring(j, j + 3).equals("]=]"));
        j = Math.min(j + 3, l);
      } else
        ++j;
      if (n < nExisting && javaTokWithExisting_isCopyable(existing.get(n), s, i, j))
        tok.add(existing.get(n));
      else
        tok.add(javaTok_substringC(s, i, j));
      ++n;
      i = j;
    }
    if ((tok.size() % 2) == 0)
      tok.add("");
    javaTok_elements += tok.size();
    return tok;
  }

  static public boolean javaTokWithExisting_isCopyable(String t, String s, int i, int j) {
    return t.length() == j - i && s.regionMatches(i, t, 0, j - i);
  }

  static public class getOpt_Map extends WeakHashMap {

    public getOpt_Map() {
      if (getOpt_special == null)
        getOpt_special = new HashMap();
      clear();
    }

    public void clear() {
      super.clear();
      put(Class.class, getOpt_special);
      put(String.class, getOpt_special);
    }
  }

  static final public Map<Class, HashMap<String, Field>> getOpt_cache = _registerDangerousWeakMap(synchroMap(new getOpt_Map()));

  static public HashMap getOpt_special;

  static public Object getOpt_cached(Object o, String field) {
    try {
      if (o == null)
        return null;
      Class c = o.getClass();
      HashMap<String, Field> map;
      synchronized (getOpt_cache) {
        map = getOpt_cache.get(c);
        if (map == null)
          map = getOpt_makeCache(c);
      }
      if (map == getOpt_special) {
        if (o instanceof Class)
          return getOpt((Class) o, field);
        if (o instanceof Map)
          return ((Map) o).get(field);
      }
      Field f = map.get(field);
      if (f != null)
        return f.get(o);
      if (o instanceof DynamicObject)
        return mapGet2(((DynamicObject) o).fieldValues, field);
      return null;
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public HashMap<String, Field> getOpt_makeCache(Class c) {
    HashMap<String, Field> map;
    if (isSubtypeOf(c, Map.class))
      map = getOpt_special;
    else {
      map = new HashMap();
      if (!reflection_classesNotToScan().contains(c.getName())) {
        Class _c = c;
        do {
          for (Field f : _c.getDeclaredFields()) {
            makeAccessible(f);
            String name = f.getName();
            if (!map.containsKey(name))
              map.put(name, f);
          }
          _c = _c.getSuperclass();
        } while (_c != null);
      }
    }
    if (getOpt_cache != null)
      getOpt_cache.put(c, map);
    return map;
  }

  static public boolean eqic(String a, String b) {
    if ((a == null) != (b == null))
      return false;
    if (a == null)
      return true;
    return a.equalsIgnoreCase(b);
  }

  static public boolean eqic(char a, char b) {
    if (a == b)
      return true;
    char u1 = Character.toUpperCase(a);
    char u2 = Character.toUpperCase(b);
    if (u1 == u2)
      return true;
    return Character.toLowerCase(u1) == Character.toLowerCase(u2);
  }

  static public boolean ewic(String a, String b) {
    return endsWithIgnoreCase(a, b);
  }

  static public boolean ewic(String a, String b, Matches m) {
    return endsWithIgnoreCase(a, b, m);
  }

  static public int smartLastIndexOf(String s, char c) {
    if (s == null)
      return 0;
    int i = s.lastIndexOf(c);
    return i >= 0 ? i : l(s);
  }

  static public boolean isMD5(String s) {
    return l(s) == 32 && isLowerHexString(s);
  }

  static public ThreadLocal<List<Object>> holdInstance_l = new ThreadLocal();

  static public AutoCloseable holdInstance(Object o) {
    if (o == null)
      return null;
    listThreadLocalAdd(holdInstance_l, o);
    return new AutoCloseable() {

      public void close() {
        listThreadLocalPopLast(holdInstance_l);
      }
    };
  }

  static public void messageBox(final String msg) {
    if (headless())
      print(msg);
    else {
      swing(new Runnable() {

        public void run() {
          try {
            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, msg, "JavaX", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, msg, \"JavaX\", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MES...";
        }
      });
    }
  }

  static public void messageBox(Throwable e) {
    printStackTrace(e);
    messageBox(hideCredentials(innerException2(e)));
  }

  static public Class<?> getClass(String name) {
    try {
      return Class.forName(name);
    } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
      return null;
    }
  }

  static public Class getClass(Object o) {
    return o instanceof Class ? (Class) o : o.getClass();
  }

  static public Class getClass(Object realm, String name) {
    try {
      try {
        return getClass(realm).getClassLoader().loadClass(classNameToVM(name));
      } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
        return null;
      }
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public String classNameToVM(String name) {
    return name.replace(".", "$");
  }

  static public Object callFunction(Object f, Object... args) {
    return callF(f, args);
  }

  static public KeyListener enterKeyListener(final Object action) {
    return new KeyAdapter() {

      public void keyPressed(KeyEvent ke) {
        if (ke.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.VK_ENTER)
          pcallF(action);
      }
    };
  }

  static public Runnable rCallOnSelectedListItem(final JList list, final Object action) {
    return new Runnable() {

      public void run() {
        try {
          pcallF(action, getSelectedItem(list));
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "pcallF(action, getSelectedItem(list))";
      }
    };
  }

  static public AbstractAction abstractAction(String name, final Object runnable) {
    return new AbstractAction(name) {

      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent evt) {
        pcallF(runnable);
      }
    };
  }

  static public String strUnnull(Object o) {
    return o == null ? "" : str(o);
  }

  static public String jlabel_textAsHTML_center_ifNeeded(String text) {
    if (swic(text, "<html>") && ewic(text, "</html>"))
      return text;
    if (!containsNewLines(text))
      return text;
    return jlabel_textAsHTML_center(text);
  }

  static public char lastChar(String s) {
    return empty(s) ? '\0' : s.charAt(l(s) - 1);
  }

  static public String[] dropLast(String[] a, int n) {
    n = Math.min(n, a.length);
    String[] b = new String[a.length - n];
    System.arraycopy(a, 0, b, 0, b.length);
    return b;
  }

  static public <A> List<A> dropLast(List<A> l) {
    return subList(l, 0, l(l) - 1);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> dropLast(int n, List<A> l) {
    return subList(l, 0, l(l) - n);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> dropLast(Iterable<A> l) {
    return dropLast(asList(l));
  }

  static public String dropLast(String s) {
    return substring(s, 0, l(s) - 1);
  }

  static public String dropLast(String s, int n) {
    return substring(s, 0, l(s) - n);
  }

  static public String dropLast(int n, String s) {
    return dropLast(s, n);
  }

  static public Comparator<String> caseInsensitiveComparator() {
    return betterCIComparator();
  }

  static public int charDiff(char a, char b) {
    return (int) a - (int) b;
  }

  static public int charDiff(String a, char b) {
    return charDiff(stringToChar(a), b);
  }

  static public boolean isIdentifier(String s) {
    return isJavaIdentifier(s);
  }

  static public String baseClassName(String className) {
    return substring(className, className.lastIndexOf('.') + 1);
  }

  static public String baseClassName(Object o) {
    return baseClassName(getClassName(o));
  }

  static public String prependIfNempty(String prefix, String s) {
    return empty(s) ? s : prefix + s;
  }

  static public Object[] toArray(Collection c) {
    return toObjectArray(c);
  }

  static public <A> A[] toArray(Collection c, Class<A> type) {
    A[] a = arrayOfType(l(c), type);
    if (a.length == 0)
      return a;
    asList(c).toArray(a);
    return a;
  }

  static public <A> A[] toArray(A[] array, Collection c) {
    if (array == null || c == null)
      return null;
    asList(c).toArray(array);
    return array;
  }

  static public Method findMethodNamed(Object obj, String method) {
    if (obj == null)
      return null;
    if (obj instanceof Class)
      return findMethodNamed((Class) obj, method);
    return findMethodNamed(obj.getClass(), method);
  }

  static public Method findMethodNamed(Class c, String method) {
    while (c != null) {
      for (Method m : c.getDeclaredMethods()) if (m.getName().equals(method)) {
        makeAccessible(m);
        return m;
      }
      c = c.getSuperclass();
    }
    return null;
  }

  static public void upgradeJavaXAndRestart() {
    run("#1001639");
    restart();
    sleep();
  }

  static public boolean reflection_isForbiddenMethod(Method m) {
    return m.getDeclaringClass() == Object.class && eqOneOf(m.getName(), "finalize", "clone", "registerNatives");
  }

  static public TreeSet<String> caseInsensitiveSet_treeSet() {
    return new TreeSet(caseInsensitiveComparator());
  }

  static public TreeSet<String> caseInsensitiveSet_treeSet(Collection<String> c) {
    return toCaseInsensitiveSet_treeSet(c);
  }

  static public boolean equalsIgnoreCase(String a, String b) {
    return eqic(a, b);
  }

  static public boolean equalsIgnoreCase(char a, char b) {
    return eqic(a, b);
  }

  static public String formatWithThousands(long l) {
    return formatWithThousandsSeparator(l);
  }

  static public double fraction(double d) {
    return d % 1;
  }

  static public String n_fancy2(long l, String singular, String plural) {
    return formatWithThousandsSeparator(l) + " " + trim(l == 1 ? singular : plural);
  }

  static public String n_fancy2(Collection l, String singular, String plural) {
    return n_fancy2(l(l), singular, plural);
  }

  static public String n_fancy2(Map m, String singular, String plural) {
    return n_fancy2(l(m), singular, plural);
  }

  static public String n_fancy2(Object[] a, String singular, String plural) {
    return n_fancy2(l(a), singular, plural);
  }

  static public String n_fancy2(MultiSet ms, String singular, String plural) {
    return n_fancy2(l(ms), singular, plural);
  }

  static public List collectField(Iterable c, String field) {
    List l = new ArrayList();
    if (c != null)
      for (Object a : c) l.add(getOpt(a, field));
    return l;
  }

  static public List collectField(String field, Iterable c) {
    return collectField(c, field);
  }

  static public <A, B> void put(Map<A, B> map, A a, B b) {
    if (map != null)
      map.put(a, b);
  }

  static public <A> void put(List<A> l, int i, A a) {
    if (l != null && i >= 0 && i < l(l))
      l.set(i, a);
  }

  static public List<Pair> _registerDangerousWeakMap_preList;

  static public <A> A _registerDangerousWeakMap(A map) {
    return _registerDangerousWeakMap(map, null);
  }

  static public <A> A _registerDangerousWeakMap(A map, Object init) {
    callF(init, map);
    if (init instanceof String) {
      final String f = (String) init;
      init = new VF1<Map>() {

        public void get(Map map) {
          try {
            callMC(f, map);
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "callMC(f, map)";
        }
      };
    }
    if (javax() == null) {
      if (_registerDangerousWeakMap_preList == null)
        _registerDangerousWeakMap_preList = synchroList();
      _registerDangerousWeakMap_preList.add(pair(map, init));
      return map;
    }
    call(javax(), "_registerDangerousWeakMap", map, init);
    return map;
  }

  static public void _onLoad_registerDangerousWeakMap() {
    assertNotNull(javax());
    if (_registerDangerousWeakMap_preList == null)
      return;
    for (Pair p : _registerDangerousWeakMap_preList) _registerDangerousWeakMap(p.a, p.b);
    _registerDangerousWeakMap_preList = null;
  }

  static public Map synchroMap() {
    return synchroHashMap();
  }

  static public <A, B> Map<A, B> synchroMap(Map<A, B> map) {
    return Collections.synchronizedMap(map);
  }

  static public <A, B> B mapGet2(Map<A, B> map, A a) {
    return map == null ? null : map.get(a);
  }

  static public <A, B> B mapGet2(A a, Map<A, B> map) {
    return map == null ? null : map.get(a);
  }

  static public boolean isSubtypeOf(Class a, Class b) {
    return b.isAssignableFrom(a);
  }

  static public Set<String> reflection_classesNotToScan_value = litset("jdk.internal.loader.URLClassPath");

  static public Set<String> reflection_classesNotToScan() {
    return reflection_classesNotToScan_value;
  }

  static public String asString(Object o) {
    return o == null ? null : o.toString();
  }

  static public boolean endsWithIgnoreCase(String a, String b) {
    int la = l(a), lb = l(b);
    return la >= lb && regionMatchesIC(a, la - lb, b, 0, lb);
  }

  static public boolean endsWithIgnoreCase(String a, String b, Matches m) {
    if (!endsWithIgnoreCase(a, b))
      return false;
    m.m = new String[] { substring(a, 0, l(a) - l(b)) };
    return true;
  }

  static public boolean isLowerHexString(String s) {
    for (int i = 0; i < l(s); i++) {
      char c = s.charAt(i);
      if (c >= '0' && c <= '9' || c >= 'a' && c <= 'f') {
      } else
        return false;
    }
    return true;
  }

  static public <A> void listThreadLocalAdd(ThreadLocal<List<A>> tl, A a) {
    List<A> l = tl.get();
    if (l == null)
      tl.set(l = new ArrayList());
    l.add(a);
  }

  static public <A> A listThreadLocalPopLast(ThreadLocal<List<A>> tl) {
    List<A> l = tl.get();
    if (l == null)
      return null;
    A a = popLast(l);
    if (empty(l))
      tl.set(null);
    return a;
  }

  static public boolean headless() {
    return isHeadless();
  }

  static public boolean swic(String a, String b) {
    return startsWithIgnoreCase(a, b);
  }

  static public boolean swic(String a, String b, Matches m) {
    if (!swic(a, b))
      return false;
    m.m = new String[] { substring(a, l(b)) };
    return true;
  }

  static public boolean containsNewLines(String s) {
    return containsNewLine(s);
  }

  static public String jlabel_textAsHTML_center(String text) {
    return "<html><div style=\"text-align: center;\">" + replace(htmlencode(text), "\n", "<br>") + "</div></html>";
  }

  static public betterCIComparator_C betterCIComparator_instance;

  static public betterCIComparator_C betterCIComparator() {
    if (betterCIComparator_instance == null)
      betterCIComparator_instance = new betterCIComparator_C();
    return betterCIComparator_instance;
  }

  static public class betterCIComparator_C implements Comparator<String> {

    public int compare(String s1, String s2) {
      if (s1 == null)
        return s2 == null ? 0 : -1;
      if (s2 == null)
        return 1;
      int n1 = s1.length();
      int n2 = s2.length();
      int min = Math.min(n1, n2);
      for (int i = 0; i < min; i++) {
        char c1 = s1.charAt(i);
        char c2 = s2.charAt(i);
        if (c1 != c2) {
          c1 = Character.toUpperCase(c1);
          c2 = Character.toUpperCase(c2);
          if (c1 != c2) {
            c1 = Character.toLowerCase(c1);
            c2 = Character.toLowerCase(c2);
            if (c1 != c2) {
              return c1 - c2;
            }
          }
        }
      }
      return n1 - n2;
    }
  }

  static public char stringToChar(String s) {
    if (l(s) != 1)
      throw fail("bad stringToChar: " + s);
    return firstChar(s);
  }

  static public Class run(String progID, String... args) {
    Class main = hotwire(progID);
    callMain(main, args);
    return main;
  }

  static public void restart() {
    Object j = getJavaX();
    call(j, "cleanRestart", get(j, "fullArgs"));
  }

  static volatile public boolean sleep_noSleep = false;

  static public void sleep(long ms) {
    ping();
    if (ms < 0)
      return;
    if (isAWTThread() && ms > 100)
      throw fail("Should not sleep on AWT thread");
    try {
      Thread.sleep(ms);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      throw new RuntimeException(e);
    }
  }

  static public void sleep() {
    try {
      if (sleep_noSleep)
        throw fail("nosleep");
      print("Sleeping.");
      sleepQuietly();
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public TreeSet<String> toCaseInsensitiveSet_treeSet(Iterable<String> c) {
    if (isCISet(c))
      return (TreeSet) c;
    TreeSet<String> set = caseInsensitiveSet_treeSet();
    addAll(set, c);
    return set;
  }

  static public TreeSet<String> toCaseInsensitiveSet_treeSet(String... x) {
    TreeSet<String> set = caseInsensitiveSet_treeSet();
    addAll(set, x);
    return set;
  }

  static public String formatWithThousandsSeparator(long l) {
    return NumberFormat.getInstance(new Locale("en_US")).format(l);
  }

  static public String trim(String s) {
    return s == null ? null : s.trim();
  }

  static public String trim(StringBuilder buf) {
    return buf.toString().trim();
  }

  static public String trim(StringBuffer buf) {
    return buf.toString().trim();
  }

  static public <A, B> Pair<A, B> pair(A a, B b) {
    return new Pair(a, b);
  }

  static public <A> Pair<A, A> pair(A a) {
    return new Pair(a, a);
  }

  static public <A> A assertNotNull(A a) {
    assertTrue(a != null);
    return a;
  }

  static public <A> A assertNotNull(String msg, A a) {
    assertTrue(msg, a != null);
    return a;
  }

  static public <A> HashSet<A> litset(A... items) {
    return lithashset(items);
  }

  static public boolean regionMatchesIC(String a, int offsetA, String b, int offsetB, int len) {
    return a != null && a.regionMatches(true, offsetA, b, offsetB, len);
  }

  static public boolean startsWithIgnoreCase(String a, String b) {
    return regionMatchesIC(a, 0, b, 0, b.length());
  }

  static public <A> List<A> replace(List<A> l, A a, A b) {
    for (int i = 0; i < l(l); i++) if (eq(l.get(i), a))
      l.set(i, b);
    return l;
  }

  static public <A> List<A> replace(A a, A b, List<A> l) {
    return replace(l, a, b);
  }

  static public String replace(String s, String a, String b) {
    return s == null ? null : a == null || b == null ? s : s.replace(a, b);
  }

  static public String replace(String s, char a, char b) {
    return s == null ? null : s.replace(a, b);
  }

  static public String htmlencode(Object o) {
    return htmlencode(str(o));
  }

  static public String htmlencode(String s) {
    if (s == null)
      return "";
    StringBuilder out = new StringBuilder(Math.max(16, s.length()));
    for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) {
      char c = s.charAt(i);
      if (c > 127 || c == '"' || c == '<' || c == '>' || c == '&') {
        int cp = s.codePointAt(i);
        out.append("&#x");
        out.append(intToHex_flexLength(cp));
        out.append(';');
        i += Character.charCount(cp) - 1;
      } else
        out.append(c);
    }
    return out.toString();
  }

  static public char firstChar(String s) {
    return s.charAt(0);
  }

  static public Class<?> hotwire(String src) {
    assertFalse(_inCore());
    Class j = getJavaX();
    if (isAndroid()) {
      synchronized (j) {
        List<File> libraries = new ArrayList<File>();
        File srcDir = (File) call(j, "transpileMain", src, libraries);
        if (srcDir == null)
          throw fail("transpileMain returned null (src=" + quote(src) + ")");
        Object androidContext = get(j, "androidContext");
        return (Class) call(j, "loadx2android", srcDir, src);
      }
    } else {
      Class c = (Class) (call(j, "hotwire", src));
      hotwire_copyOver(c);
      return c;
    }
  }

  static public <A> A callMain(A c, String... args) {
    callOpt(c, "main", new Object[] { args });
    return c;
  }

  static public void callMain() {
    callMain(mc());
  }

  static public Object sleepQuietly_monitor = new Object();

  static public void sleepQuietly() {
    try {
      assertFalse(isAWTThread());
      synchronized (sleepQuietly_monitor) {
        sleepQuietly_monitor.wait();
      }
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public boolean isCISet(Iterable<String> l) {
    return l instanceof TreeSet && ((TreeSet) l).comparator() == caseInsensitiveComparator();
  }

  static public <A, B extends A> void addAll(Collection<A> c, Iterable<B> b) {
    if (c != null && b != null)
      for (A a : b) c.add(a);
  }

  static public <A, B extends A> boolean addAll(Collection<A> c, Collection<B> b) {
    return c != null && b != null && c.addAll(b);
  }

  static public <A, B extends A> boolean addAll(Collection<A> c, B... b) {
    return c != null && c.addAll(Arrays.asList(b));
  }

  static public <A, B> Map<A, B> addAll(Map<A, B> a, Map<? extends A, ? extends B> b) {
    if (a != null)
      a.putAll(b);
    return a;
  }

  static public <A> HashSet<A> lithashset(A... items) {
    HashSet<A> set = new HashSet();
    for (A a : items) set.add(a);
    return set;
  }

  static public String intToHex_flexLength(int i) {
    return Integer.toHexString(i);
  }

  static public void assertFalse(Object o) {
    if (!(eq(o, false)))
      throw fail(str(o));
  }

  static public boolean assertFalse(boolean b) {
    if (b)
      throw fail("oops");
    return b;
  }

  static public boolean assertFalse(String msg, boolean b) {
    if (b)
      throw fail(msg);
    return b;
  }

  static public boolean _inCore() {
    return false;
  }

  static public List hotwire_copyOver_after = synchroList();

  static public void hotwire_copyOver(Class c) {
    for (String field : ll("print_log", "print_silent", "androidContext", "_userHome")) setOptIfNotNull(c, field, getOpt(mc(), field));
    setOptIfNotNull(c, "mainBot", getMainBot());
    setOpt(c, "creator_class", new WeakReference(mc()));
    pcallFAll(hotwire_copyOver_after, c);
  }

  static public void setOptIfNotNull(Object o, String field, Object value) {
    if (value != null)
      setOpt(o, field, value);
  }

  final static public class _MethodCache {

    final public Class c;

    final public HashMap<String, List<Method>> cache = new HashMap();

    public _MethodCache(Class c) {
      this.c = c;
      _init();
    }

    public void _init() {
      Class _c = c;
      while (_c != null) {
        for (Method m : _c.getDeclaredMethods()) if (!reflection_isForbiddenMethod(m))
          multiMapPut(cache, m.getName(), makeAccessible(m));
        _c = _c.getSuperclass();
      }
      for (Class intf : allInterfacesImplementedBy(c)) for (Method m : intf.getDeclaredMethods()) if (m.isDefault() && !reflection_isForbiddenMethod(m))
        multiMapPut(cache, m.getName(), makeAccessible(m));
    }

    public Method findMethod(String method, Object[] args) {
      try {
        List<Method> m = cache.get(method);
        if (m == null)
          return null;
        int n = m.size();
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
          Method me = m.get(i);
          if (call_checkArgs(me, args, false))
            return me;
        }
        return null;
      } catch (Exception __e) {
        throw rethrow(__e);
      }
    }

    public Method findStaticMethod(String method, Object[] args) {
      try {
        List<Method> m = cache.get(method);
        if (m == null)
          return null;
        int n = m.size();
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
          Method me = m.get(i);
          if (isStaticMethod(me) && call_checkArgs(me, args, false))
            return me;
        }
        return null;
      } catch (Exception __e) {
        throw rethrow(__e);
      }
    }
  }

  static public class Var<A> implements IVar<A> {

    public Var() {
    }

    public Var(A v) {
      this.v = v;
    }

    public A v;

    public synchronized void set(A a) {
      if (v != a) {
        v = a;
        notifyAll();
      }
    }

    public synchronized A get() {
      return v;
    }

    public synchronized boolean has() {
      return v != null;
    }

    public synchronized void clear() {
      v = null;
    }

    public String toString() {
      return str(get());
    }
  }

  static abstract public class LiveValue<A> {

    abstract public Class<A> getType();

    abstract public A get();

    abstract public void onChange(Runnable l);

    abstract public void removeOnChangeListener(Runnable l);

    public void onChangeAndNow(Runnable l) {
      onChange(l);
      callF(l);
    }
  }

  static abstract public class IterableIterator<A> implements Iterator<A>, Iterable<A> {

    public Iterator<A> iterator() {
      return this;
    }

    public void remove() {
      unsupportedOperation();
    }
  }

  static public class Dyn_FieldWatcher {

    public DynModule module;

    public String field;

    public Object value;

    public Runnable action;

    public Dyn_FieldWatcher(DynModule module, String field, Runnable action) {
      this.action = action;
      this.field = field;
      this.module = module;
      value = get(module, field);
      module.onChange(new Runnable() {

        public void run() {
          try {
            check();
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "check();";
        }
      });
      module.onFieldChange(new VF1<String>() {

        public void get(String f) {
          try {
            if (eq(f, field))
              check();
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "if (eq(f, field))\r\n        check();";
        }
      });
    }

    public void check() {
      Object newValue = get(module, field);
      if (eq(value, newValue))
        return;
      value = newValue;
      dm_q(module, action);
    }
  }

  final static public class BWIntegralImage implements MakesBufferedImage, IBWIntegralImage {

    public int w, h;

    public int[] data;

    public BWIntegralImage() {
    }

    public BWIntegralImage(File f) {
      this(loadImage2(f));
    }

    public BWIntegralImage(BufferedImage img) {
      this(new BWImage(img));
    }

    public BWIntegralImage(MakesBufferedImage img) {
      this(toBufferedImage(img));
    }

    public BWIntegralImage(BWImage img) {
      w = img.w();
      h = img.h();
      data = new int[w * h];
      int i = 0;
      for (int y = 0; y < h; y++) {
        int sum = 0;
        for (int x = 0; x < w; x++) {
          sum += img.getByte(x, y) & 0xFF;
          data[i] = y > 0 ? sum + data[i - w] : sum;
          i++;
        }
      }
    }

    public int get(int x, int y) {
      return x < 0 || y < 0 || x >= w || y >= h ? 0 : data[min(y, h - 1) * w + min(x, w - 1)];
    }

    public double getPixelAverage(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2) {
      int area = (x2 - x1) * (y2 - y1);
      return doubleRatio(bwIntegralImage_sumRect(this, x1, y1, x2, y2), area);
    }

    public int getWidth() {
      return w;
    }

    public int getHeight() {
      return h;
    }

    public BufferedImage getBufferedImage() {
      return scaleDownUsingIntegralImageBW(this, w).getBufferedImage();
    }
  }

  static public interface IBWIntegralImage {

    public int getWidth();

    public int getHeight();

    public double getPixelAverage(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2);
  }

  static public interface IF0<A> {

    public A get();
  }

  static public class SimpleLiveValue<A> extends LiveValue<A> {

    public Class<A> type;

    volatile public A value;

    transient public List onChange = synchroList();

    public SimpleLiveValue(Class<A> type) {
      this.type = type;
    }

    public SimpleLiveValue(Class<A> type, A value) {
      this.value = value;
      this.type = type;
    }

    public Class<A> getType() {
      return type;
    }

    public A get() {
      return value;
    }

    public void onChange(Runnable l) {
      onChange.add(l);
    }

    public void onChangeAndNow(Runnable l) {
      onChange(l);
      callF(l);
    }

    public void removeOnChangeListener(Runnable l) {
      onChange.remove(l);
    }

    public void fireChanged() {
      pcallFAll(onChange);
    }

    public void set(A a) {
      if (neq(value, a)) {
        value = a;
        fireChanged();
      }
    }
  }

  static public interface IF2<A, B, C> {

    public C get(A a, B b);
  }

  static public interface Producer<A> {

    public A next();
  }

  abstract static public class SteppableAndBest<A> implements Steppable {

    public Best<A> best = new Best();

    public boolean verbose = false;

    public A get() {
      return best.get();
    }

    public double score() {
      return best.score();
    }
  }

  static public interface IResourceLoader {

    public String loadSnippet(String snippetID);

    public String getTranspiled(String snippetID);

    public int getSnippetType(String snippetID);

    public String getSnippetTitle(String snippetID);

    public File loadLibrary(String snippetID);

    public File pathToJavaXJar();

    public File getSnippetJar(String snippetID, String transpiledSrc);
  }

  static public interface Steppable {

    public boolean step();
  }

  static public class Best<A> {

    public A best;

    public double score;

    public boolean verboseNewBest, replaceIfSameScore;

    transient public Object onChange;

    transient public Object stringifier;

    synchronized public boolean isNewBest(double score) {
      return best == null || !isNaN(score) && (replaceIfSameScore ? score >= this.score : score > this.score);
    }

    synchronized public double bestScore() {
      return best == null ? minusInfinity() : score;
    }

    public double score() {
      return bestScore();
    }

    public double getScore() {
      return bestScore();
    }

    synchronized public float floatScoreOr(float defaultValue) {
      return best == null ? defaultValue : (float) score;
    }

    public boolean put(Pair<? extends A, Double> p) {
      return p != null && put(p.a, p.b);
    }

    public boolean put(Best<? extends A> b) {
      return b != null && put(b.get(), b.score);
    }

    public boolean put(A a, double score) {
      ping();
      boolean change = false;
      if (a != null)
        synchronized (this) {
          if (isNewBest(score)) {
            best = a;
            this.score = score;
            change = true;
          }
        }
      if (change) {
        if (verboseNewBest)
          print("New best! " + this);
        pcallF(onChange);
      }
      return change;
    }

    synchronized public A get() {
      return best;
    }

    synchronized public boolean has() {
      return best != null;
    }

    synchronized public Pair<A, Double> pair() {
      return main.pair(best, bestScore());
    }

    synchronized public A getIfScoreAbove(double x) {
      return score() >= x ? best : null;
    }

    public String toString() {
      return "Score " + formatDouble_significant2(score, 4) + ": " + callStringifier(stringifier, best);
    }

    public boolean putAndPrintIfNewBest(A a, double score) {
      if (!put(a, score))
        return false;
      {
        print(this);
        return true;
      }
    }

    synchronized public void clear() {
      best = null;
    }
  }

  static public class Pair<A, B> implements Comparable<Pair<A, B>> {

    public A a;

    public B b;

    public Pair() {
    }

    public Pair(A a, B b) {
      this.b = b;
      this.a = a;
    }

    public int hashCode() {
      return hashCodeFor(a) + 2 * hashCodeFor(b);
    }

    public boolean equals(Object o) {
      if (o == this)
        return true;
      if (!(o instanceof Pair))
        return false;
      Pair t = (Pair) o;
      return eq(a, t.a) && eq(b, t.b);
    }

    public String toString() {
      return "<" + a + ", " + b + ">";
    }

    public int compareTo(Pair<A, B> p) {
      if (p == null)
        return 1;
      int i = ((Comparable<A>) a).compareTo(p.a);
      if (i != 0)
        return i;
      return ((Comparable<B>) b).compareTo(p.b);
    }
  }

  static public interface IVar<A> {

    public void set(A a);

    public A get();

    default public boolean has() {
      return get() != null;
    }

    default public void clear() {
      set(null);
    }
  }

  static public <A, B> void multiMapPut(Map<A, List<B>> map, A a, B b) {
    List<B> l = map.get(a);
    if (l == null)
      map.put(a, l = new ArrayList());
    l.add(b);
  }

  static public Set<Class> allInterfacesImplementedBy(Class c) {
    if (c == null)
      return null;
    HashSet<Class> set = new HashSet();
    allInterfacesImplementedBy_find(c, set);
    return set;
  }

  static public void allInterfacesImplementedBy_find(Class c, Set<Class> set) {
    if (c.isInterface() && !set.add(c))
      return;
    do {
      for (Class intf : c.getInterfaces()) allInterfacesImplementedBy_find(intf, set);
    } while ((c = c.getSuperclass()) != null);
  }

  static public Method findMethod(Object o, String method, Object... args) {
    return findMethod_cached(o, method, args);
  }

  static public boolean findMethod_checkArgs(Method m, Object[] args, boolean debug) {
    Class<?>[] types = m.getParameterTypes();
    if (types.length != args.length) {
      if (debug)
        System.out.println("Bad parameter length: " + args.length + " vs " + types.length);
      return false;
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < types.length; i++) if (!(args[i] == null || isInstanceX(types[i], args[i]))) {
      if (debug)
        System.out.println("Bad parameter " + i + ": " + args[i] + " vs " + types[i]);
      return false;
    }
    return true;
  }

  static public boolean call_checkArgs(Method m, Object[] args, boolean debug) {
    Class<?>[] types = m.getParameterTypes();
    if (types.length != args.length) {
      if (debug)
        print("Bad parameter length: " + args.length + " vs " + types.length);
      return false;
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < types.length; i++) {
      Object arg = args[i];
      if (!(arg == null ? !types[i].isPrimitive() : isInstanceX(types[i], arg))) {
        if (debug)
          print("Bad parameter " + i + ": " + arg + " vs " + types[i]);
        return false;
      }
    }
    return true;
  }

  static public Method findStaticMethod(Class c, String method, Object... args) {
    Class _c = c;
    while (c != null) {
      for (Method m : c.getDeclaredMethods()) {
        if (!m.getName().equals(method))
          continue;
        if ((m.getModifiers() & Modifier.STATIC) == 0 || !findStaticMethod_checkArgs(m, args))
          continue;
        return m;
      }
      c = c.getSuperclass();
    }
    return null;
  }

  static public boolean findStaticMethod_checkArgs(Method m, Object[] args) {
    Class<?>[] types = m.getParameterTypes();
    if (types.length != args.length)
      return false;
    for (int i = 0; i < types.length; i++) if (!(args[i] == null || isInstanceX(types[i], args[i])))
      return false;
    return true;
  }

  static public UnsupportedOperationException unsupportedOperation() {
    throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
  }

  static public Q dm_q() {
    return dm_current_mandatory().q();
  }

  static public void dm_q(Runnable r) {
    dm_inQ(r);
  }

  static public void dm_q(DynModule module, Runnable r) {
    module.q().add(r);
  }

  static public int bwIntegralImage_sumRect(BWIntegralImage img, int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2) {
    int bottomLeft = img.get(x1 - 1, y2 - 1);
    int bottomRight = img.get(x2 - 1, y2 - 1);
    int topLeft = img.get(x1 - 1, y1 - 1);
    int topRight = img.get(x2 - 1, y1 - 1);
    return bottomRight + topLeft - topRight - bottomLeft;
  }

  static public BWImage scaleDownUsingIntegralImageBW(int w, BWIntegralImage img) {
    return scaleDownUsingIntegralImageBW(img, w);
  }

  static public BWImage scaleDownUsingIntegralImageBW(BWIntegralImage img, int w) {
    return scaleDownUsingIntegralImageBW(img, w, iround(w * img.h / (double) img.w));
  }

  static public BWImage scaleDownUsingIntegralImageBW(BWIntegralImage img, int w, int h) {
    int w1 = img.w, h1 = img.h;
    BWImage out = new BWImage(w, h);
    for (int y = 0; y < h; y++) for (int x = 0; x < w; x++) {
      int x1 = x * w1 / w, x2 = max(x1 + 1, (x + 1) * w1 / w);
      int y1 = y * h1 / h, y2 = max(y1 + 1, (y + 1) * h1 / h);
      int area = (x2 - x1) * (y2 - y1);
      int pixel = bwIntegralImage_sumRect(img, x1, y1, x2, y2) / area;
      out.setByte(x, y, (byte) pixel);
    }
    return out;
  }

  static public float score(Scored s) {
    return s == null ? 0 : s.score();
  }

  static public File loadLibrary(String snippetID) {
    return loadBinarySnippet(snippetID);
  }

  static public boolean isNaN(double d) {
    return Double.isNaN(d);
  }

  static public double minusInfinity() {
    return negativeInfinity();
  }

  static public <A> float getScore(Scored<A> s) {
    return s == null ? 0 : s.score;
  }

  static public String formatDouble_significant2(double d, int digits) {
    try {
      digits -= max(0, Math.floor(Math.log10(abs(d)) + 1));
      return formatDouble(d, digits);
    } catch (Throwable _e) {
      print("Had number: " + d + ", digits: " + digits);
      throw rethrow(_e);
    }
  }

  static public String callStringifier(Object stringifier, Object o) {
    return stringifier != null ? str(callF(stringifier, o)) : str(o);
  }

  static public int hashCodeFor(Object a) {
    return a == null ? 0 : a.hashCode();
  }

  static public Method findMethod_cached(Object o, String method, Object... args) {
    try {
      if (o == null)
        return null;
      if (o instanceof Class) {
        _MethodCache cache = callOpt_getCache(((Class) o));
        List<Method> methods = cache.cache.get(method);
        if (methods != null)
          for (Method m : methods) if (isStaticMethod(m) && findMethod_checkArgs(m, args, false))
            return m;
        return null;
      } else {
        _MethodCache cache = callOpt_getCache(o.getClass());
        List<Method> methods = cache.cache.get(method);
        if (methods != null)
          for (Method m : methods) if (findMethod_checkArgs(m, args, false))
            return m;
        return null;
      }
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public void dm_inQ(Runnable r) {
    dm_q().add(r);
  }

  static public File loadBinarySnippet(String snippetID) {
    try {
      IResourceLoader rl = vm_getResourceLoader();
      if (rl != null)
        return rl.loadLibrary(snippetID);
      long id = parseSnippetID(snippetID);
      if (isImageServerSnippet(id))
        return loadImageAsFile(snippetID);
      File f = DiskSnippetCache_getLibrary(id);
      if (fileSize(f) == 0)
        f = loadDataSnippetToFile(snippetID);
      return f;
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public double negativeInfinity() {
    return Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY;
  }

  static public float abs(float f) {
    return Math.abs(f);
  }

  static public int abs(int i) {
    return Math.abs(i);
  }

  static public double abs(double d) {
    return Math.abs(d);
  }

  static public String formatDouble(double d, int digits) {
    String format = digits <= 0 ? "0" : "0." + rep(digits, '#');
    return new java.text.DecimalFormat(format, new java.text.DecimalFormatSymbols(Locale.ENGLISH)).format(d);
  }

  static public File loadImageAsFile(String snippetIDOrURL) {
    try {
      if (isURL(snippetIDOrURL))
        throw fail("not implemented");
      if (!isSnippetID(snippetIDOrURL))
        throw fail("Not a URL or snippet ID: " + snippetIDOrURL);
      String snippetID = "" + parseSnippetID(snippetIDOrURL);
      File file = imageSnippetCacheFile(snippetID);
      if (fileSize(file) > 0)
        return file;
      String imageURL = snippetImageURL_noHttps(snippetID);
      System.err.println("Loading image: " + imageURL);
      byte[] data = loadBinaryPage(imageURL);
      saveBinaryFile(file, data);
      return file;
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public File DiskSnippetCache_file(long snippetID) {
    return new File(getGlobalCache(), "data_" + snippetID + ".jar");
  }

  public static File DiskSnippetCache_getLibrary(long snippetID) throws IOException {
    File file = DiskSnippetCache_file(snippetID);
    return file.exists() ? file : null;
  }

  public static void DiskSnippetCache_putLibrary(long snippetID, byte[] data) throws IOException {
    saveBinaryFile(DiskSnippetCache_file(snippetID), data);
  }

  static public byte[] loadDataSnippetImpl(String snippetID) throws IOException {
    byte[] data;
    try {
      URL url = new URL(dataSnippetLink(snippetID));
      print("Loading library: " + hideCredentials(url));
      try {
        data = loadBinaryPage(url.openConnection());
      } catch (RuntimeException e) {
        data = null;
      }
      if (data == null || data.length == 0) {
        url = new URL(tb_mainServer() + "/blobs/" + parseSnippetID(snippetID));
        print("Loading library: " + hideCredentials(url));
        data = loadBinaryPage(url.openConnection());
      }
      print("Bytes loaded: " + data.length);
    } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
      throw new IOException("Binary snippet #" + snippetID + " not found or not public");
    }
    return data;
  }

  static public long fileSize(String path) {
    return getFileSize(path);
  }

  static public long fileSize(File f) {
    return getFileSize(f);
  }

  static public File loadDataSnippetToFile(String snippetID) {
    try {
      snippetID = fsI(snippetID);
      IResourceLoader rl = vm_getResourceLoader();
      if (rl != null)
        return rl.loadLibrary(snippetID);
      File f = DiskSnippetCache_file(parseSnippetID(snippetID));
      List<URL> urlsTried = new ArrayList();
      List<Throwable> errors = new ArrayList();
      try {
        URL url = addAndReturn(urlsTried, new URL(dataSnippetLink(snippetID)));
        print("Loading library: " + hideCredentials(url));
        try {
          loadBinaryPageToFile(openConnection(url), f);
          if (fileSize(f) == 0)
            throw fail();
        } catch (Throwable e) {
          errors.add(e);
          url = addAndReturn(urlsTried, new URL(tb_mainServer() + "/blobs/" + psI(snippetID)));
          print(e);
          print("Trying other server: " + hideCredentials(url));
          loadBinaryPageToFile(openConnection(url), f);
          print("Got bytes: " + fileSize(f));
        }
        if (fileSize(f) == 0)
          throw fail();
        System.err.println("Bytes loaded: " + fileSize(f));
      } catch (Throwable e) {
        errors.add(e);
        throw fail("Binary snippet " + snippetID + " not found or not public. URLs tried: " + allToString(urlsTried) + ", errors: " + allToString(errors));
      }
      return f;
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public String rep(int n, char c) {
    return repeat(c, n);
  }

  static public String rep(char c, int n) {
    return repeat(c, n);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> rep(A a, int n) {
    return repeat(a, n);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> rep(int n, A a) {
    return repeat(n, a);
  }

  static public File imageSnippetCacheFile(String snippetID) {
    File dir = imageSnippetsCacheDir();
    if (!loadBufferedImage_useImageCache)
      return null;
    return new File(dir, parseSnippetID(snippetID) + ".png");
  }

  static public String snippetImageURL_noHttps(String snippetID) {
    return snippetImageURL_noHttps(snippetID, "png");
  }

  static public String snippetImageURL_noHttps(String snippetID, String contentType) {
    return snippetImageURL(snippetID, contentType).replace("https://www.botcompany.de:8443/", "http://www.botcompany.de:8080/").replace("https://botcompany.de/", "http://botcompany.de/");
  }

  static public ThreadLocal<Map<String, List<String>>> loadBinaryPage_responseHeaders = new ThreadLocal();

  static public ThreadLocal<Map<String, String>> loadBinaryPage_extraHeaders = new ThreadLocal();

  static public byte[] loadBinaryPage(String url) {
    try {
      print("Loading " + url);
      return loadBinaryPage(loadPage_openConnection(new URL(url)));
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public byte[] loadBinaryPage(URLConnection con) {
    try {
      Map<String, String> extraHeaders = getAndClearThreadLocal(loadBinaryPage_extraHeaders);
      setHeaders(con);
      for (String key : keys(extraHeaders)) con.setRequestProperty(key, extraHeaders.get(key));
      return loadBinaryPage_noHeaders(con);
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public byte[] loadBinaryPage_noHeaders(URLConnection con) {
    try {
      ByteArrayOutputStream buf = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
      InputStream inputStream = con.getInputStream();
      loadBinaryPage_responseHeaders.set(con.getHeaderFields());
      long len = 0;
      try {
        len = con.getContentLength();
      } catch (Throwable e) {
        printStackTrace(e);
      }
      int n = 0;
      while (true) {
        int ch = inputStream.read();
        if (ch < 0)
          break;
        buf.write(ch);
        if (++n % 100000 == 0)
          println("  " + n + (len != 0 ? "/" + len : "") + " bytes loaded.");
      }
      inputStream.close();
      return buf.toByteArray();
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  public static byte[] saveBinaryFile(String fileName, byte[] contents) {
    try {
      File file = new File(fileName);
      File parentFile = file.getParentFile();
      if (parentFile != null)
        parentFile.mkdirs();
      String tempFileName = fileName + "_temp";
      FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = newFileOutputStream(tempFileName);
      fileOutputStream.write(contents);
      fileOutputStream.close();
      if (file.exists() && !file.delete())
        throw new IOException("Can't delete " + fileName);
      if (!new File(tempFileName).renameTo(file))
        throw new IOException("Can't rename " + tempFileName + " to " + fileName);
      vmBus_send("wroteFile", file);
      return contents;
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public byte[] saveBinaryFile(File fileName, byte[] contents) {
    return saveBinaryFile(fileName.getPath(), contents);
  }

  static public File getGlobalCache() {
    File file = new File(javaxCachesDir(), "Binary Snippets");
    file.mkdirs();
    return file;
  }

  static public String dataSnippetLink(String snippetID) {
    long id = parseSnippetID(snippetID);
    if (id >= 1100000 && id < 1200000)
      return imageServerURL() + id;
    if (id >= 1200000 && id < 1300000) {
      String pw = muricaPassword();
      if (empty(pw))
        throw fail("Please set 'murica password by running #1008829");
      return "http://butter.botcompany.de:8080/1008823/raw/" + id + "?_pass=" + pw;
    }
    return fileServerURL() + "/" + id;
  }

  static public String tb_mainServer_default = "http://code.botcompany.de:8081";

  static public Object tb_mainServer_override;

  static public String tb_mainServer() {
    if (tb_mainServer_override != null)
      return (String) callF(tb_mainServer_override);
    return trim(loadTextFile(tb_mainServer_file(), tb_mainServer_default));
  }

  static public File tb_mainServer_file() {
    return getProgramFile("#1001638", "mainserver.txt");
  }

  static public boolean tb_mainServer_isDefault() {
    return eq(tb_mainServer(), tb_mainServer_default);
  }

  static public <B, A extends B> A addAndReturn(Collection<B> c, A a) {
    if (c != null)
      c.add(a);
    return a;
  }

  static public void loadBinaryPageToFile(String url, File file) {
    try {
      print("Loading " + url);
      loadBinaryPageToFile(openConnection(new URL(url)), file);
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public void loadBinaryPageToFile(URLConnection con, File file) {
    try {
      setHeaders(con);
      loadBinaryPageToFile_noHeaders(con, file);
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public void loadBinaryPageToFile_noHeaders(URLConnection con, File file) {
    try {
      File ftemp = new File(f2s(file) + "_temp");
      FileOutputStream buf = newFileOutputStream(mkdirsFor(ftemp));
      try {
        InputStream inputStream = con.getInputStream();
        long len = 0;
        try {
          len = con.getContentLength();
        } catch (Throwable e) {
          printStackTrace(e);
        }
        String pat = "  {*}" + (len != 0 ? "/" + len : "") + " bytes loaded.";
        copyStreamWithPrints(inputStream, buf, pat);
        inputStream.close();
        buf.close();
        file.delete();
        renameFile_assertTrue(ftemp, file);
      } finally {
        if (buf != null)
          buf.close();
      }
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public URLConnection openConnection(String url) {
    try {
      return openConnection(new URL(url));
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public URLConnection openConnection(URL url) {
    try {
      ping();
      callOpt(javax(), "recordOpenURLConnection", str(url));
      return url.openConnection();
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public long psI(String snippetID) {
    return parseSnippetID(snippetID);
  }

  static public int loadPage_defaultTimeout = 60000;

  static public ThreadLocal<String> loadPage_charset = new ThreadLocal();

  static public boolean loadPage_allowGzip = true, loadPage_debug;

  static public boolean loadPage_anonymous = false;

  static public int loadPage_verboseness = 100000;

  static public int loadPage_retries = 1;

  static public ThreadLocal<Boolean> loadPage_silent = new ThreadLocal();

  static volatile public int loadPage_forcedTimeout;

  static public ThreadLocal<Integer> loadPage_forcedTimeout_byThread = new ThreadLocal();

  static public ThreadLocal<Map<String, List<String>>> loadPage_responseHeaders = new ThreadLocal();

  static public ThreadLocal<Map<String, String>> loadPage_extraHeaders = new ThreadLocal();

  static public ThreadLocal<Long> loadPage_sizeLimit = new ThreadLocal();

  public static String loadPageSilently(String url) {
    try {
      return loadPageSilently(new URL(loadPage_preprocess(url)));
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  public static String loadPageSilently(URL url) {
    try {
      if (url.getProtocol().equals("https"))
        disableCertificateValidation();
      if (!networkAllowanceTest(str(url)))
        throw fail("Not allowed: " + url);
      IOException e = null;
      for (int tries = 0; tries < loadPage_retries; tries++) try {
        URLConnection con = loadPage_openConnection(url);
        return loadPage(con, url);
      } catch (IOException _e) {
        e = _e;
        if (loadPageThroughProxy_enabled) {
          print("Trying proxy because of: " + e);
          try {
            return loadPageThroughProxy(str(url));
          } catch (Throwable e2) {
            print("  " + exceptionToStringShort(e2));
          }
        } else if (loadPage_debug)
          print(exceptionToStringShort(e));
        if (tries < loadPage_retries - 1)
          sleepSeconds(1);
      }
      throw e;
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public String loadPage_preprocess(String url) {
    if (url.startsWith("tb/"))
      url = tb_mainServer() + "/" + url;
    if (url.indexOf("://") < 0)
      url = "http://" + url;
    return url;
  }

  static public String loadPage(String url) {
    try {
      url = loadPage_preprocess(url);
      if (!isTrue(loadPage_silent.get()))
        printWithTime("Loading: " + hideCredentials(url));
      return loadPageSilently(new URL(url));
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public String loadPage(URL url) {
    return loadPage(url.toExternalForm());
  }

  static public String loadPage(URLConnection con, URL url) throws IOException {
    return loadPage(con, url, true);
  }

  static public String loadPage(URLConnection con, URL url, boolean addHeaders) throws IOException {
    Map<String, String> extraHeaders = getAndClearThreadLocal(loadPage_extraHeaders);
    Long limit = optPar(loadPage_sizeLimit);
    if (addHeaders)
      try {
        if (!loadPage_anonymous)
          setHeaders(con);
        if (loadPage_allowGzip)
          con.setRequestProperty("Accept-Encoding", "gzip");
        con.setRequestProperty("X-No-Cookies", "1");
        for (String key : keys(extraHeaders)) con.setRequestProperty(key, extraHeaders.get(key));
      } catch (Throwable e) {
      }
    vm_generalSubMap("URLConnection per thread").put(currentThread(), con);
    loadPage_responseHeaders.set(con.getHeaderFields());
    InputStream in = null;
    try {
      in = urlConnection_getInputStream(con);
      if (loadPage_debug)
        print("Put stream in map: " + currentThread());
      String contentType = con.getContentType();
      if (contentType == null) {
        throw new IOException("Page could not be read: " + hideCredentials(url));
      }
      String charset = loadPage_charset == null ? null : loadPage_charset.get();
      if (charset == null)
        charset = loadPage_guessCharset(contentType);
      if ("gzip".equals(con.getContentEncoding())) {
        if (loadPage_debug)
          print("loadPage: Using gzip.");
        in = newGZIPInputStream(in);
      }
      Reader r;
      try {
        r = new InputStreamReader(in, unquote(charset));
      } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
        print(toHex(utf8(charset)));
        throw e;
      }
      boolean silent = isTrue(loadPage_silent.get());
      StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
      int n = 0;
      while (limit == null || n < limit) {
        ping();
        int ch = r.read();
        if (ch < 0)
          break;
        buf.append((char) ch);
        ++n;
        if (!silent && (n % loadPage_verboseness) == 0)
          print("  " + n + " chars read");
      }
      return buf.toString();
    } finally {
      if (loadPage_debug)
        print("loadPage done");
      vm_generalSubMap("URLConnection per thread").remove(currentThread());
      if (in != null)
        in.close();
    }
  }

  static public String loadPage_guessCharset(String contentType) {
    Matcher m = regexpMatcher("text/[a-z]+;\\s*charset=([^\\s]+)\\s*", contentType);
    String match = m.matches() ? m.group(1) : null;
    if (loadPage_debug)
      print("loadPage: contentType=" + contentType + ", match: " + match);
    return or(match, "UTF-8");
  }

  static public URLConnection loadPage_openConnection(URL url) {
    URLConnection con = openConnection(url);
    int timeout = toInt(loadPage_forcedTimeout_byThread.get());
    if (timeout == 0)
      timeout = loadPage_forcedTimeout;
    if (timeout != 0)
      setURLConnectionTimeouts(con, loadPage_forcedTimeout);
    else
      setURLConnectionDefaultTimeouts(con, loadPage_defaultTimeout);
    return con;
  }

  static public void setHeaders(URLConnection con) throws IOException {
    String computerID = getComputerID_quick();
    if (computerID != null)
      try {
        con.setRequestProperty("X-ComputerID", computerID);
        con.setRequestProperty("X-OS", System.getProperty("os.name") + " " + System.getProperty("os.version"));
      } catch (Throwable e) {
      }
  }

  static public <A> A println(A a) {
    return print(a);
  }

  static public String imageServerURL() {
    return or2(trim(loadTextFile(javaxDataDir("image-server-url.txt"))), "http://botcompany.de/images/raw/");
  }

  static volatile public boolean muricaPassword_pretendNotAuthed = false;

  static public String muricaPassword() {
    if (muricaPassword_pretendNotAuthed)
      return null;
    return trim(loadTextFile(muricaPasswordFile()));
  }

  static public String fileServerURL() {
    return "https://botcompany.de/files";
  }

  static public File getProgramFile(String progID, String fileName) {
    if (new File(fileName).isAbsolute())
      return new File(fileName);
    return new File(getProgramDir(progID), fileName);
  }

  static public File getProgramFile(String fileName) {
    return getProgramFile(getProgramID(), fileName);
  }

  public static File mkdirsFor(File file) {
    return mkdirsForFile(file);
  }

  static public void copyStreamWithPrints(InputStream in, OutputStream out, String pat) {
    try {
      byte[] buf = new byte[65536];
      int total = 0;
      while (true) {
        int n = in.read(buf);
        if (n <= 0)
          return;
        out.write(buf, 0, n);
        if ((total + n) / 100000 > total / 100000)
          print(pat.replace("{*}", str(roundDownTo(total, 100000))));
        total += n;
      }
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public void renameFile_assertTrue(File a, File b) {
    try {
      if (!a.exists())
        throw fail("Source file not found: " + f2s(a));
      if (b.exists())
        throw fail("Target file exists: " + f2s(b));
      mkdirsForFile(b);
      if (!a.renameTo(b))
        throw fail("Can't rename " + f2s(a) + " to " + f2s(b));
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public boolean networkAllowanceTest(String url) {
    return isAllowed("networkAllowanceTest", url);
  }

  static final public boolean loadPageThroughProxy_enabled = false;

  static public String loadPageThroughProxy(String url) {
    return null;
  }

  static public void sleepSeconds(double s) {
    if (s > 0)
      sleep(round(s * 1000));
  }

  static public <A> A printWithTime(A a) {
    return printWithTime("", a);
  }

  static public <A> A printWithTime(String s, A a) {
    print(hmsWithColons() + ": " + s, a);
    return a;
  }

  static public <A> A optPar(ThreadLocal<A> tl, A defaultValue) {
    A a = tl.get();
    if (a != null) {
      tl.set(null);
      return a;
    }
    return defaultValue;
  }

  static public <A> A optPar(ThreadLocal<A> tl) {
    return optPar(tl, null);
  }

  static public Object optPar(Object[] params, String name) {
    return optParam(params, name);
  }

  static public Object optPar(String name, Object[] params) {
    return optParam(params, name);
  }

  static public Object optPar(String name, Map params) {
    return optParam(name, params);
  }

  static public <A> A optPar(Object[] params, String name, A defaultValue) {
    return optParam(params, name, defaultValue);
  }

  static public <A> A optPar(String name, Object[] params, A defaultValue) {
    return optParam(params, name, defaultValue);
  }

  static public Map vm_generalSubMap(Object name) {
    synchronized (get(javax(), "generalMap")) {
      Map map = (Map) (vm_generalMap_get(name));
      if (map == null)
        vm_generalMap_put(name, map = synchroMap());
      return map;
    }
  }

  static public InputStream urlConnection_getInputStream(URLConnection con) throws IOException {
    UnknownHostException lastException = null;
    for (int _repeat_0 = 0; _repeat_0 < 2; _repeat_0++) {
      try {
        if (con instanceof HttpURLConnection)
          if (((HttpURLConnection) con).getResponseCode() == 500)
            throw new IOException(joinNemptiesWithColonSpace("Server code 500", tryToReadErrorStreamFromURLConnection(((HttpURLConnection) con))));
        return con.getInputStream();
      } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
        lastException = e;
        print("Retrying because of: " + e);
        continue;
      }
    }
    throw lastException;
  }

  static public String toHex(byte[] bytes) {
    return bytesToHex(bytes);
  }

  static public String toHex(byte[] bytes, int ofs, int len) {
    return bytesToHex(bytes, ofs, len);
  }

  static public byte[] utf8(String s) {
    return toUtf8(s);
  }

  static public Matcher regexpMatcher(String pat, String s) {
    return compileRegexp(pat).matcher(unnull(s));
  }

  static public URLConnection setURLConnectionTimeouts(URLConnection con, long timeout) {
    con.setConnectTimeout(toInt(timeout));
    con.setReadTimeout(toInt(timeout));
    if (con.getConnectTimeout() != timeout || con.getReadTimeout() != timeout)
      print("Warning: Timeouts not set by JDK.");
    return con;
  }

  static public URLConnection setURLConnectionDefaultTimeouts(URLConnection con, long timeout) {
    if (con.getConnectTimeout() == 0) {
      con.setConnectTimeout(toInt(timeout));
      if (con.getConnectTimeout() != timeout)
        print("Warning: URL connect timeout not set by JDK.");
    }
    if (con.getReadTimeout() == 0) {
      con.setReadTimeout(toInt(timeout));
      if (con.getReadTimeout() != timeout)
        print("Warning: URL read timeout not set by JDK.");
    }
    return con;
  }

  static public String getComputerID_quick() {
    return computerID();
  }

  static public String or2(String a, String b) {
    return nempty(a) ? a : b;
  }

  static public String or2(String a, String b, String c) {
    return or2(or2(a, b), c);
  }

  static public File muricaPasswordFile() {
    return new File(javaxSecretDir(), "murica/muricaPasswordFile");
  }

  static public File getProgramDir() {
    return programDir();
  }

  static public File getProgramDir(String snippetID) {
    return programDir(snippetID);
  }

  static public int roundDownTo(int x, int n) {
    return x / n * n;
  }

  static public long roundDownTo(long x, long n) {
    return x / n * n;
  }

  static volatile public Object isAllowed_function;

  static volatile public boolean isAllowed_all = true;

  static public boolean isAllowed(String askingMethod, Object... args) {
    Object f = vm_generalMap_get("isAllowed_function");
    if (f != null && !isTrue(callF(f, askingMethod, args)))
      return false;
    return isAllowed_all || isTrue(callF(isAllowed_function, askingMethod, args));
  }

  static public long round(double d) {
    return Math.round(d);
  }

  static public String hmsWithColons() {
    return hmsWithColons(now());
  }

  static public String hmsWithColons(long time) {
    return new SimpleDateFormat("HH:mm:ss").format(time);
  }

  static public <A> A optParam(ThreadLocal<A> tl, A defaultValue) {
    return optPar(tl, defaultValue);
  }

  static public <A> A optParam(ThreadLocal<A> tl) {
    return optPar(tl);
  }

  static public Object optParam(String name, Map params) {
    return mapGet(params, name);
  }

  static public <A> A optParam(Object[] opt, String name, A defaultValue) {
    int n = l(opt);
    if (n == 1 && opt[0] instanceof Map) {
      Map map = (Map) (opt[0]);
      return map.containsKey(name) ? (A) map.get(name) : defaultValue;
    }
    if (!even(l(opt)))
      throw fail("Odd parameter length");
    for (int i = 0; i < l(opt); i += 2) if (eq(opt[i], name))
      return (A) opt[i + 1];
    return defaultValue;
  }

  static public Object optParam(Object[] opt, String name) {
    return optParam(opt, name, null);
  }

  static public Object optParam(String name, Object[] params) {
    return optParam(params, name);
  }

  static public Object vm_generalMap_put(Object key, Object value) {
    return mapPutOrRemove(vm_generalMap(), key, value);
  }

  static public String joinNemptiesWithColonSpace(String... strings) {
    return joinNempties(": ", strings);
  }

  static public String joinNemptiesWithColonSpace(Collection<String> strings) {
    return joinNempties(": ", strings);
  }

  static public String tryToReadErrorStreamFromURLConnection(URLConnection conn) {
    try {
      if (conn instanceof HttpURLConnection)
        return stream2string(((HttpURLConnection) conn).getErrorStream());
      return null;
    } catch (Throwable __e) {
      return null;
    }
  }

  public static String bytesToHex(byte[] bytes) {
    return bytesToHex(bytes, 0, bytes.length);
  }

  public static String bytesToHex(byte[] bytes, int ofs, int len) {
    StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder(len * 2);
    for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
      String s = "0" + Integer.toHexString(bytes[ofs + i]);
      stringBuilder.append(s.substring(s.length() - 2, s.length()));
    }
    return stringBuilder.toString();
  }

  static public byte[] toUtf8(String s) {
    try {
      return s.getBytes("UTF-8");
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public Map<String, java.util.regex.Pattern> compileRegexp_cache = syncMRUCache(10);

  static public java.util.regex.Pattern compileRegexp(String pat) {
    java.util.regex.Pattern p = compileRegexp_cache.get(pat);
    if (p == null) {
      compileRegexp_cache.put(pat, p = java.util.regex.Pattern.compile(pat));
    }
    return p;
  }

  static public String _computerID;

  static public Lock computerID_lock = lock();

  public static String computerID() {
    if (_computerID == null) {
      Lock __0 = computerID_lock;
      lock(__0);
      try {
        if (_computerID != null)
          return _computerID;
        File file = computerIDFile();
        _computerID = loadTextFile(file.getPath());
        if (_computerID == null) {
          _computerID = loadTextFile(userDir(".tinybrain/computer-id"));
          if (_computerID == null)
            _computerID = makeRandomID(12, new SecureRandom());
          saveTextFile(file, _computerID);
        }
      } finally {
        unlock(__0);
      }
    }
    return _computerID;
  }

  static public File javaxSecretDir_dir;

  static public File javaxSecretDir() {
    return javaxSecretDir_dir != null ? javaxSecretDir_dir : new File(userHome(), "JavaX-Secret");
  }

  static public File javaxSecretDir(String sub) {
    return newFile(javaxSecretDir(), sub);
  }

  static public <A, B> B mapGet(Map<A, B> map, A a) {
    return map == null || a == null ? null : map.get(a);
  }

  static public <A, B> B mapGet(A a, Map<A, B> map) {
    return map == null || a == null ? null : map.get(a);
  }

  static public boolean even(int i) {
    return (i & 1) == 0;
  }

  static public boolean even(long i) {
    return (i & 1) == 0;
  }

  static public <A, B> B mapPutOrRemove(Map<A, B> map, A key, B value) {
    if (map != null && key != null)
      if (value != null)
        return map.put(key, value);
      else
        return map.remove(key);
    return null;
  }

  static public String joinNempties(String sep, String... strings) {
    return joinStrings(sep, strings);
  }

  static public String joinNempties(String sep, Collection<String> strings) {
    return joinStrings(sep, strings);
  }

  static public String stream2string(InputStream in) {
    return utf8streamToString(in);
  }

  static public <A, B> Map<A, B> syncMRUCache(int size) {
    return synchroMap(new MRUCache(size));
  }

  static public File computerIDFile() {
    return javaxDataDir("Basic Info/computer-id.txt");
  }

  static public String makeRandomID(int length) {
    return makeRandomID(length, defaultRandomGenerator());
  }

  static public String makeRandomID(int length, Random random) {
    char[] id = new char[length];
    for (int i = 0; i < id.length; i++) id[i] = (char) ((int) 'a' + random.nextInt(26));
    return new String(id);
  }

  static public String makeRandomID(Random r, int length) {
    return makeRandomID(length, r);
  }

  static public String joinStrings(String sep, String... strings) {
    return joinStrings(sep, Arrays.asList(strings));
  }

  static public String joinStrings(String sep, Collection<String> strings) {
    StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
    for (String s : unnull(strings)) if (nempty(s)) {
      if (nempty(buf))
        buf.append(sep);
      buf.append(s);
    }
    return str(buf);
  }

  static public String utf8streamToString(InputStream in) {
    return readerToString(utf8bufferedReader(in));
  }

  static public Random defaultRandomGenerator() {
    return ThreadLocalRandom.current();
  }

  static public String readerToString(Reader r) {
    try {
      try {
        StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
        int n = 0;
        while (true) {
          int ch = r.read();
          if (ch < 0)
            break;
          buf.append((char) ch);
          ++n;
        }
        return buf.toString();
      } finally {
        r.close();
      }
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public BufferedReader utf8bufferedReader(InputStream in) {
    try {
      return bufferedReader(_registerIOWrap(new InputStreamReader(in, "UTF-8"), in));
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public BufferedReader utf8bufferedReader(File f) {
    try {
      return utf8bufferedReader(newFileInputStream(f));
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public BufferedReader bufferedReader(Reader r) {
    return r instanceof BufferedReader ? (BufferedReader) r : _registerIOWrap(new BufferedReader(r), r);
  }

  static public FileInputStream newFileInputStream(File path) throws IOException {
    return newFileInputStream(path.getPath());
  }

  static public FileInputStream newFileInputStream(String path) throws IOException {
    FileInputStream f = new FileInputStream(path);
    _registerIO(f, path, true);
    return f;
  }

  static public class MRUCache<A, B> extends LinkedHashMap<A, B> {

    public int maxSize = 10;

    public MRUCache() {
    }

    public MRUCache(int maxSize) {
      this.maxSize = maxSize;
    }

    public boolean removeEldestEntry(Map.Entry eldest) {
      return size() > maxSize;
    }

    public Object _serialize() {
      return ll(maxSize, cloneLinkedHashMap(this));
    }

    static public MRUCache _deserialize(List l) {
      MRUCache m = new MRUCache();
      m.maxSize = (int) first(l);
      m.putAll((LinkedHashMap) second(l));
      return m;
    }
  }

  static public class Scored<A> extends Var<A> {

    public float score;

    public Scored() {
    }

    public Scored(A a, float score) {
      super(a);
      this.score = score;
    }

    public Scored(A a, double score) {
      super(a);
      this.score = (float) score;
    }

    public float score() {
      return score;
    }

    public String toString() {
      return toIntPercent(score) + "%: " + str(get());
    }
  }

  static public <A, B> LinkedHashMap<A, B> cloneLinkedHashMap(Map<A, B> map) {
    return map == null ? new LinkedHashMap() : new LinkedHashMap(map);
  }

  static public <A> A second(List<A> l) {
    return get(l, 1);
  }

  static public <A> A second(Iterable<A> l) {
    if (l == null)
      return null;
    Iterator<A> it = iterator(l);
    if (!it.hasNext())
      return null;
    it.next();
    return it.hasNext() ? it.next() : null;
  }

  static public <A> A second(A[] bla) {
    return bla == null || bla.length <= 1 ? null : bla[1];
  }

  static public <A, B> B second(Pair<A, B> p) {
    return p == null ? null : p.b;
  }

  static public <A> A second(Producer<A> p) {
    if (p == null)
      return null;
    if (p.next() == null)
      return null;
    return p.next();
  }

  static public char second(String s) {
    return charAt(s, 1);
  }

  static public int toIntPercent(double ratio) {
    return roundToInt(ratio * 100);
  }

  static public int toIntPercent(float ratio) {
    return toIntPercent((double) ratio);
  }

  static public char charAt(String s, int i) {
    return s != null && i >= 0 && i < s.length() ? s.charAt(i) : '\0';
  }

  static public int roundToInt(double d) {
    return (int) Math.round(d);
  }
}