sbool englishToConceptLanguage_xyz_debug, englishToConceptLanguage_useBrackets = true;

static new ThreadLocal<Int> englishToConceptLanguage_xyz_level;

sS englishToConceptLanguage_xyz(S s, O preprocess) {

  assertNotNull("Input", s);

  /*int level = englishToConceptLanguage_xyz_level.get();

  if (level >= englishToConceptLanguage_xyz_maxLevel) fail("max level");

  englishToConceptLanguage_xyz_level.set(level+1);

  try {*/

  s = postProcess(preprocess, s);

  // pattern matching all concepts against full string

  for (AIConcept c : englishToConceptLanguage_concepts()) {

    if (empty(c.name)) {

      print("Warning, empty name: " + c.globalID);

      continue;

    }

    S name = postProcess(preprocess, c.name);

    try answer englishToConceptLanguage_xyz_with(c.globalID, name, s);

  }

  // no full string match. go word by word

  L<S> tok = javaTok(s);

  if (l(tok) <= 3) null;

  for (int i = 1; i < l(tok); i += 2) {

    S x = englishToConceptLanguage(unquote(tok.get(i)));

    if (nempty(x)) tok.set(i, conceptQuote(x));

  }

  S x = join(tok);

  ret eq(x, s) ? null : x;

}

sS englishToConceptLanguage_xyz_sub(S name, S original, S s) {

  if (l(s) >= l(original)) fail("Bad sub: " + quote(name) + " " + quote(s));

  S s2 = or2(englishToConceptLanguage(s), s);

  if (englishToConceptLanguage_xyz_debug)

    print("xyz_sub " + quote(s) + " => " + quote(s2));

  if (englishToConceptLanguage_useBrackets)

    ret isIdentifier(s2) || isInteger(s2) || isProperlyQuoted(s2) ? s2 : "(" + s2 + ")";

  ret conceptQuote(s2);

}

sS englishToConceptLanguage_xyz_with(S id, S s) {

  ret englishToConceptLanguage_xyz_with(getAIConcept(id), s);

}

sS englishToConceptLanguage_xyz_with(AIConcept c, S s) {

  if (c == null) null;

  ret englishToConceptLanguage_xyz_with(c.globalID, c.name, s);

}

sS englishToConceptLanguage_xyz_with(S id, S name, S s) {

  new Matches m;

  L<S> originalTok = javaTok(name), tok = cloneList(originalTok);

  if (l(tok) < 5) null; // need 2 code tokens

  /*if (englishToConceptLanguage_xyz_debug)

    print("xyz name " + name + " originalTok1 " + struct(originalTok));*/

  bool stars = tok.contains("*");

  if (stars)

    tok = replace(tok, "*", "**");

  /*if (englishToConceptLanguage_xyz_debug)

    print("xyz name " + name + " originalTok2 " + struct(originalTok));*/

  int n = numberOfXYZVars(tok);

  if (n == 0) null;

  tok = formatXYZ(tok, rep(n, "*"));

  L<S> toks = javaTok_cached(s);

  if (stars)

    toks = replace(cloneList(toks), "*", "**");

  bool yes = flexMatchIC2(tok, toks, m, false);

  if (englishToConceptLanguage_xyz_debug && yes)

    print("xyz: " + n + " " + struct(tok) + " - " + struct(toks) + " => " + (yes ? struct(m) : "-"));

  if (!yes) null;

  if (n != l(m.m)) null;

  new TreeMap<Int, S> map;

  if (englishToConceptLanguage_xyz_debug)

    print("xyz originalTok " + struct(originalTok));

  for (int i = 1; i < l(originalTok); i += 2) {

    S t = originalTok.get(i);

    int x = xyzVarToIndex(t);

    if (englishToConceptLanguage_xyz_debug)

      print("xyz " + t + " => " + x);

    if (x != 0) {

      S sub = englishToConceptLanguage_xyz_sub(name, s, m.m[x-1]);

      if (englishToConceptLanguage_xyz_debug)

        print("xyz sub " + t + ": " + sub);

      map.put(i, sub);

    }

  }

  ret aiUsing(id) + " " + join(" ", values(map));

}