static int backtick_exitValue;
static boolean backtick_verbose;
static ThreadLocal<File> backtick_scriptFile;

static String backtick(String cmd) ctex {
  File outFile = File.createTempFile("_backtick", "");
  backtickToFile(cmd, outFile);
  S result = loadTextFile(outFile.getPath(), "");
  if (backtick_verbose)
    print("[[\n" + result + "]]");
  ret result;
}

static Process backtickToFile(String cmd, File outFile) ctex {
  try {
    Process process = backtickToFile_noWait(cmd, outFile);
    try {
      process.waitFor();
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
      throw new RuntimeException(e);
    }
    backtick_exitValue = process.exitValue();
    if (backtick_verbose)
      System.out.println("Process return code: " + backtick_exitValue);
    ret process;
  } finally {
    deleteFile(backtick_scriptFile.get());
    backtick_scriptFile.set(null);
  }
}

static Process backtickToFile_noWait(String cmd, File outFile) ctex {
  File scriptFile = File.createTempFile("_backtick", isWindows() ? ".bat" : "");
  backtick_scriptFile.set(scriptFile);

  String command = cmd + " >" + bashQuote(outFile.getPath()) + " 2>&1";
  //Log.info("[Backtick] " + command);
  if (backtick_verbose)
    print("backtick: command " + command);
  saveTextFile(scriptFile.getPath(), command);
  String[] command2;
  if (isWindows())
    command2 = new String[] { scriptFile.getPath() };
  else
    command2 = new String[] { "/bin/bash", scriptFile.getPath() };
  if (backtick_verbose)
    print("backtick: command2 " + structure(command2));
  ret Runtime.getRuntime().exec(command2);
}