import java.util.*;
import java.util.zip.*;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.regex.*;
import java.util.concurrent.*;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.*;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.event.*;
import javax.swing.text.*;
import javax.swing.table.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.lang.reflect.*;
import java.lang.ref.*;
import java.lang.management.*;
import java.security.*;
import java.security.spec.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.awt.image.*;
import javax.imageio.*;
import java.math.*;
import x30_pkg.x30_util;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.l;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.fail;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.indexOf;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.getOpt;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.setOpt;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.callOpt;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.newWeakHashMap;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.newDangerousWeakHashMap;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.get;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.get_raw;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.assertTrue;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.isHeadless;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.isAndroid;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.isTrue;
import x30_pkg.x30_util.DynamicObject;
import loadableUtils.utils;
import static loadableUtils.utils._threadInfo;
import static loadableUtils.utils._threadInheritInfo;
import static loadableUtils.utils._threadInfo_addMakerAndRetriever;
import static loadableUtils.utils.dm_currentModule;
import static loadableUtils.utils.dm_current_mandatory;
import static loadableUtils.utils.match;
import static loadableUtils.utils.getOpt_raw;
import static loadableUtils.utils.setOpt_raw;
import static loadableUtils.utils.getField;
import static loadableUtils.utils.fieldType;
import static loadableUtils.utils.format3;
import static loadableUtils.utils.vm_generalIdentityHashSet;
import static loadableUtils.utils.vm_generalHashMap;
import static loadableUtils.utils.vm_generalWeakSubMap;
import static loadableUtils.utils.bindToComponent;
import static loadableUtils.utils.struct;
import static loadableUtils.utils.structure;
import static loadableUtils.utils.loadPage;
import static loadableUtils.utils.loadPage_utf8;
import static loadableUtils.utils.loadPageSilentlyWithTimeout;
import static loadableUtils.utils.loadPageSilently;
import static loadableUtils.utils.loadSnippet;
import static loadableUtils.utils.loadSnippetQuietly;
import static loadableUtils.utils.sendToLocalBot;
import static loadableUtils.utils.componentPopupMenu;
import static loadableUtils.utils.componentPopupMenu_top;
import static loadableUtils.utils.componentPopupMenu_initForComponent;
import static loadableUtils.utils.componentPopupMenu_getEvent;
import static loadableUtils.utils.listPopupMenu;
import static loadableUtils.utils.tablePopupMenu;
import static loadableUtils.utils.tablePopupMenuFirst;
import static loadableUtils.utils.rowSorter_setComparators;
import static loadableUtils.utils.sexyTableWithoutDrag;
import static loadableUtils.utils.dm_current_generic;
import static loadableUtils.utils.dm_current_mandatory_generic;
import static loadableUtils.utils.cset;
import static loadableUtils.utils.DynamicObject_loading;
import static loadableUtils.utils.concepts_unlisted;
import static loadableUtils.utils.makePopupMenuConditional;
import static loadableUtils.utils.makeConceptsTable_idWidth;
import static loadableUtils.utils.showConceptsTable_afterUpdate;
import static loadableUtils.utils.dynamicObjectIsLoading;
import loadableUtils.utils.F0;
import loadableUtils.utils.F1;
import loadableUtils.utils.IF1;
import loadableUtils.utils.Matches;
import loadableUtils.utils.BetterLabel;
import loadableUtils.utils.SingleComponentPanel;
import loadableUtils.utils.Snippet;
import loadableUtils.utils.Q;
import loadableUtils.utils.ImageSurface;
import loadableUtils.utils.structure_Data;
import loadableUtils.utils.structure_ClassInfo;
import loadableUtils.utils.RGBImage;
import loadableUtils.utils.RGB;
import loadableUtils.utils.BWImage;
import loadableUtils.utils.MakesBufferedImage;
import loadableUtils.utils.MultiSet;
import loadableUtils.utils.Concept;
import loadableUtils.utils.Concepts;
import loadableUtils.utils.IConceptIndex;
import loadableUtils.utils.IFieldIndex;
import loadableUtils.utils.Derefable;
import loadableUtils.utils.ImageSurfaceSelector;
import loadableUtils.utils.SimpleCRUD;
import loadableUtils.utils.PersistableThrowable;
import loadableUtils.utils.DynModule;
import loadableUtils.utils.DynPrintLog;
import loadableUtils.utils.DynObjectTable;
import loadableUtils.utils.DynImageSurface;
import loadableUtils.utils.DynCalculatedList;
import loadableUtils.utils.Rect;
import loadableUtils.utils.Pt;
import java.text.NumberFormat;
import static x30_pkg.x30_util.VF1;
import javax.sound.sampled.AudioFormat;

class main {

  static public class APlayAudioOutput extends DynPrintLog {

    static public boolean _switchableField_bufSizeMS = true;

    public int bufSizeMS = 200;

    static public boolean _switchableField_sampleRate = true;

    public int sampleRate = 44100;

    static public boolean _switchableField_channels = true;

    public int channels = 2;

    static public boolean _switchableField_bits = true;

    public int bits = 16;

    static public boolean _switchableField_gain = true;

    public float gain = 1;

    static public boolean _switchableField_registerService = true;

    public boolean registerService = false;

    transient public List<VF1<double[]>> sources = notifyingList(new Runnable() {

      public void run() {
        try {
          setNumSources();
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "setNumSources();";
      }
    });

    transient public SimpleLiveValue<Integer> numSources = new SimpleLiveValue(Integer.class, 0);

    transient public StreamSoundToAPlay loop;

    transient public int bufSizeInFrames;

    transient public short[] buffer;

    public JComponent visualize() {
      return centerAndSouth(super.visualize(), withLeftAndRightMargin(vstackWithSpacing(withLabel("Volume (0-200%):", liveSliderZeroToOne(gain / 2, new VF1<Float>() {

        public void get(Float f) {
          try {
            setField("gain", f * 2);
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "setField(gain := f*2)";
        }
      })), jrightalignedline(withLabel("Sound sources:", jLiveValueLabel(numSources))))));
    }

    public void start() {
      try {
        super.start();
        ownResource(loop = new StreamSoundToAPlay());
        copyFields(module(), loop, "sampleRate", "channels", "bits", "bufSizeMS");
        bufSizeInFrames = msToSamples_int(bufSizeMS, sampleRate);
        buffer = new short[bufSizeInFrames * 2];
        fillBuffer();
        loop.start();
        loop.writeSamples(buffer);
        doEveryAndNow(bufSizeMS, new Runnable() {

          public void run() {
            try {
              fillBuffer();
              loop.writeSamples(buffer);
            } catch (Exception __e) {
              throw rethrow(__e);
            }
          }

          public String toString() {
            return "fillBuffer();\r\n      loop.writeSamples(buffer);";
          }
        });
        dm_registerAs("audioOutputModule");
        if (registerService)
          dm_registerService("playWAVAndWait", new F2<String, Object[], Boolean>() {

            public Boolean get(String method, Object[] args) {
              try {
                AutoCloseable __8 = enter();
                try {
                  callMC("dm_playWAV", args);
                  return true;
                } finally {
                  _close(__8);
                }
              } catch (Exception __e) {
                throw rethrow(__e);
              }
            }

            public String toString() {
              return "temp enter();\r\n        callMC(f dm_playWAV, args);\r\n        true;";
            }
          });
      } catch (Exception __e) {
        throw rethrow(__e);
      }
    }

    public void fillBuffer() {
      AutoCloseable __9 = enter();
      try {
        VF1<VF1<double[]>> vfRemoveSource = new VF1<VF1<double[]>>() {

          public void get(VF1<double[]> source) {
            try {
              removeSource(source);
            } catch (Exception __e) {
              throw rethrow(__e);
            }
          }

          public String toString() {
            return "removeSource(source)";
          }
        };
        double[] pair = new double[2];
        for (int i = 0; i < l(buffer); i++) {
          audio_makeSampleFromSources(sources, pair, gain, vfRemoveSource);
          buffer[i++] = clipShort(pair[0]);
          buffer[i] = clipShort(pair[1]);
        }
      } finally {
        _close(__9);
      }
    }

    public void setNumSources() {
      numSources.set(l(sources));
    }

    public Object _getReloadData() {
      return sources;
    }

    public void _setReloadData(List<VF1<double[]>> sources) {
      addAll(this.sources, sources);
    }

    public void addSource(VF1<double[]> source) {
      sources.add(source);
      print("Audio source added.");
    }

    public void removeSource(VF1<double[]> source) {
      sources.remove(source);
      print("Audio source removed.");
    }

    public AudioFormat getAudioFormat() {
      return new AudioFormat(AudioFormat.Encoding.PCM_SIGNED, sampleRate, bits, channels, channels * bits / 2, sampleRate, false);
    }

    public long samplesPlayed() {
      return loop.frameCounter;
    }
  }

  static public boolean _moduleClass_APlayAudioOutput = true;

  static public Object callF(Object f, Object... args) {
    try {
      if (f instanceof String)
        return callMC((String) f, args);
      return x30_util.callF(f, args);
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public <A> A callF(F0<A> f) {
    return f == null ? null : f.get();
  }

  static public <A> A callF(IF0<A> f) {
    return f == null ? null : f.get();
  }

  static public <A, B> B callF(F1<A, B> f, A a) {
    return f == null ? null : f.get(a);
  }

  static public <A, B> B callF(IF1<A, B> f, A a) {
    return f == null ? null : f.get(a);
  }

  static public <A, B, C> C callF(F2<A, B, C> f, A a, B b) {
    return f == null ? null : f.get(a, b);
  }

  static public <A> void callF(VF1<A> f, A a) {
    if (f != null)
      f.get(a);
  }

  static public Object callMC(String method, Object... args) {
    return call(mc(), method, args);
  }

  static public Object call(Object o) {
    return callF(o);
  }

  static public Object call(Object o, String method, Object... args) {
    return call_withVarargs(o, method, args);
  }

  static public void _onLoad_initUtils() {
    utils.__javax = javax();
  }

  static public void _onLoad_defaultClassFinder() {
    setDefaultClassFinder(new F1<String, Class>() {

      public Class get(String name) {
        try {
          Class c = findClass_fullName(name);
          if (c != null)
            return c;
          if (startsWith(name, "main$"))
            return loadableUtils.utils.findClass_fullName("loadableUtils.utils" + substring(name, 4));
          return null;
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "Class c = findClass_fullName(name);\r\n    if (c != null) ret c;\r\n    if (start...";
      }
    });
  }

  static public String programID() {
    return getProgramID();
  }

  static public String programID(Object o) {
    return getProgramID(o);
  }

  static volatile public StringBuffer local_log = new StringBuffer();

  static volatile public Appendable print_log = local_log;

  static volatile public int print_log_max = 1024 * 1024;

  static volatile public int local_log_max = 100 * 1024;

  static public boolean print_silent = false;

  static public Object print_byThread_lock = new Object();

  static volatile public ThreadLocal<Object> print_byThread;

  static volatile public Object print_allThreads;

  static volatile public Object print_preprocess;

  static public void print() {
    print("");
  }

  static public <A> A print(String s, A o) {
    print((endsWithLetterOrDigit(s) ? s + ": " : s) + o);
    return o;
  }

  static public <A> A print(A o) {
    ping_okInCleanUp();
    if (print_silent)
      return o;
    String s = String.valueOf(o) + "\n";
    print_noNewLine(s);
    return o;
  }

  static public void print_noNewLine(String s) {
    Object f = getThreadLocal(print_byThread_dontCreate());
    if (f == null)
      f = print_allThreads;
    if (f != null)
      if (isFalse(f instanceof F1 ? ((F1) f).get(s) : callF(f, s)))
        return;
    print_raw(s);
  }

  static public void print_raw(String s) {
    if (print_preprocess != null)
      s = (String) callF(print_preprocess, s);
    s = fixNewLines(s);
    Appendable loc = local_log;
    Appendable buf = print_log;
    int loc_max = print_log_max;
    if (buf != loc && buf != null) {
      print_append(buf, s, print_log_max);
      loc_max = local_log_max;
    }
    if (loc != null)
      print_append(loc, s, loc_max);
    System.out.print(s);
  }

  static public void print_autoRotate() {
  }

  static public AutoCloseable tempInterceptPrintIfNotIntercepted(F1<String, Boolean> f) {
    return print_byThread().get() == null ? tempInterceptPrint(f) : null;
  }

  static public void dm_playWAV(File wavFile) {
    short[] audio = decodeWAVToStereoSamples(wavFile);
    final Var<VF1<double[]>> source = new Var();
    source.set(stereoSamplesIterator_single(audio, new Runnable() {

      public void run() {
        try {
          dm_removeSoundSource(source.get());
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "dm_removeSoundSource(source.get())";
      }
    }));
    dm_addSoundSource(source.get());
  }

  static public <A> NotifyingList<A> notifyingList(List innerList, final Runnable onChange) {
    return new NotifyingList<A>(innerList) {

      public void change() {
        onChange.run();
      }
    };
  }

  static public <A> NotifyingList<A> notifyingList(Runnable onChange) {
    return listWithNotify(onChange);
  }

  static public <A> NotifyingList<A> notifyingList(final Object onChange) {
    return listWithNotify(onChange);
  }

  static public RuntimeException rethrow(Throwable t) {
    if (t instanceof Error)
      _handleError((Error) t);
    throw t instanceof RuntimeException ? (RuntimeException) t : new RuntimeException(t);
  }

  static public RuntimeException rethrow(String msg, Throwable t) {
    throw new RuntimeException(msg, t);
  }

  static public JPanel centerAndSouth(final Component c, final Component s) {
    return swing(new F0<JPanel>() {

      public JPanel get() {
        try {
          JPanel panel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
          panel.add(BorderLayout.CENTER, wrap(c));
          if (s != null)
            panel.add(BorderLayout.SOUTH, wrap(s));
          return panel;
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "JPanel panel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout);\r\n    panel.add(BorderLayout.CENT...";
      }
    });
  }

  static public int withLeftAndRightMargin_defaultWidth = 6;

  static public JPanel withLeftAndRightMargin(Component c) {
    return withLeftAndRightMargin(withLeftAndRightMargin_defaultWidth, c);
  }

  static public JPanel withLeftAndRightMargin(int w, Component c) {
    return withLeftAndRightMargin(w, w, c);
  }

  static public JPanel withLeftAndRightMargin(final int w1, final int w2, final Component c) {
    return swing(new F0<JPanel>() {

      public JPanel get() {
        try {
          JPanel p = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
          p.setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(0, w1, 0, w2));
          p.add(c);
          return p;
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "JPanel p = new JPanel(new BorderLayout);\r\n    p.setBorder(BorderFactory.creat...";
      }
    });
  }

  static public int vstackWithSpacing_default = 10;

  static public JPanel vstackWithSpacing(final List parts) {
    return vstackWithSpacing(parts, vstackWithSpacing_default);
  }

  static public JPanel vstackWithSpacing(final List parts, final int spacing) {
    return swing(new F0<JPanel>() {

      public JPanel get() {
        try {
          JPanel panel = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
          GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();
          gbc.weightx = 1;
          gbc.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;
          gbc.gridwidth = GridBagConstraints.REMAINDER;
          gbc.insets = new Insets(spacing / 2, 0, spacing / 2, 0);
          smartAddWithLayout(panel, gbc, toObjectArray(nonNulls(parts)));
          gbc.weighty = 1;
          gbc.insets = new Insets(0, 0, 0, 0);
          panel.add(jrigid(), gbc);
          return panel;
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "JPanel panel = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout);\r\n    new GridBagConstraints gbc...";
      }
    });
  }

  static public JPanel vstackWithSpacing(Component... parts) {
    return vstackWithSpacing(asList(parts), vstackWithSpacing_default);
  }

  static public JPanel vstackWithSpacing(int spacing, Component... parts) {
    return vstackWithSpacing(asList(parts), spacing);
  }

  public static JComponent withLabel(String label, JComponent component) {
    return westAndCenter(jlabel(label + " "), component);
  }

  static public JSlider liveSliderZeroToOne(final float def, final Object f) {
    return swing(new F0<JSlider>() {

      public JSlider get() {
        try {
          final int max = 9999;
          final JSlider slider = new JSlider(0, max, iround(def * max));
          slider.addChangeListener(new ChangeListener() {

            public int lastValue = slider.getValue();

            public void stateChanged(ChangeEvent e) {
              int value = slider.getValue();
              if (value != lastValue) {
                lastValue = value;
                float x = value / (float) max;
                setToolTip(slider, str(x));
                pcallF(f, x);
              }
            }
          });
          return slider;
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "final int max = 9999;\r\n    final JSlider slider = new JSlider(0, max, iround(...";
      }
    });
  }

  static public JPanel jrightalignedline(Component... components) {
    return jrightAlignedLine(components);
  }

  static public JPanel jrightalignedline(List<Component> components) {
    return jrightAlignedLine(components);
  }

  static public JLabel jLiveValueLabel(final LiveValue lv) {
    return bindJLabelToLiveValue(jlabel(), lv);
  }

  static public void ownResource(AutoCloseable c) {
    _registerAutoCloseable(c);
  }

  static public <A> A copyFields(Object x, A y, String... fields) {
    if (empty(fields)) {
      Map<String, Object> map = objectToMap(x);
      for (String field : map.keySet()) setOpt(y, field, map.get(field));
    } else
      for (String field : fields) {
        Object o = getOpt(x, field);
        if (o != null)
          setOpt(y, field, o);
      }
    return y;
  }

  static public <A> A copyFields(Object x, A y, Collection<String> fields) {
    return copyFields(x, y, asStringArray(fields));
  }

  static public int msToSamples_int(double ms, double sampleRate) {
    return (int) (ms / 1000.0 * sampleRate);
  }

  static public java.util.Timer doEveryAndNow(int delay, Object r) {
    return doEveryStartingNow(delay, r);
  }

  static public java.util.Timer doEveryAndNow(double delay, Object r) {
    return doEveryStartingNow(toInt(toMS(delay)), r);
  }

  static public AutoCloseable dm_registerAs(String... msgs) {
    F0<String> f = new F0<String>() {

      public String get() {
        try {
          return dm_moduleID();
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "ret dm_moduleID();";
      }
    };
    return combineAutoCloseables(map(msgs, msg -> dm_vmBus_answerToMessage(msg, f)));
  }

  static public void dm_registerService(final String name, final Object service) {
    final Object creator = creator();
    final DynModule mod = dm_current_mandatory();
    call(creator, "registerService", mod, name, service);
    dm_ownResource(new AutoCloseable() {

      public String toString() {
        return "call(creator, \"unregisterService\", mod, name, service);";
      }

      public void close() throws Exception {
        call(creator, "unregisterService", mod, name, service);
      }
    });
  }

  static public void _close(AutoCloseable c) {
    if (c != null)
      try {
        c.close();
      } catch (Throwable e) {
        if (c instanceof javax.imageio.stream.ImageOutputStream)
          return;
        else
          throw rethrow(e);
      }
  }

  static public void audio_makeSampleFromSources(List<VF1<double[]>> sources, double[] pair, double gain, VF1<VF1<double[]>> removeSource) {
    double l = 0, r = 0;
    int len = syncSize(sources);
    for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
      VF1<double[]> source = syncGet(sources, i);
      {
        if (source == null)
          continue;
      }
      callF(source, pair);
      if (isNaN(pair[0])) {
        callF(removeSource, source);
        continue;
      }
      l += pair[0];
      r += pair[1];
    }
    pair[0] = l * gain;
    pair[1] = r * gain;
  }

  static public short clipShort(int i) {
    return (short) max(-32768, min(32767, i));
  }

  static public short clipShort(double d) {
    return (short) iround(max(-32768, min(32767, d)));
  }

  static public <A, B extends A> void addAll(Collection<A> c, Iterable<B> b) {
    if (c != null && b != null)
      for (A a : b) c.add(a);
  }

  static public <A, B extends A> boolean addAll(Collection<A> c, Collection<B> b) {
    return c != null && b != null && c.addAll(b);
  }

  static public <A, B extends A> boolean addAll(Collection<A> c, B... b) {
    return c != null && c.addAll(Arrays.asList(b));
  }

  static public <A, B> Map<A, B> addAll(Map<A, B> a, Map<? extends A, ? extends B> b) {
    if (a != null)
      a.putAll(b);
    return a;
  }

  static public Class mc() {
    return main.class;
  }

  static public Object call_withVarargs(Object o, String method, Object... args) {
    try {
      if (o == null)
        return null;
      if (o instanceof Class) {
        Class c = (Class) o;
        _MethodCache cache = callOpt_getCache(c);
        Method me = cache.findStaticMethod(method, args);
        if (me != null)
          return invokeMethod(me, null, args);
        List<Method> methods = cache.cache.get(method);
        if (methods != null)
          methodSearch: for (Method m : methods) {
            {
              if (!(m.isVarArgs()))
                continue;
            }
            {
              if (!(isStaticMethod(m)))
                continue;
            }
            Object[] newArgs = massageArgsForVarArgsCall(m, args);
            if (newArgs != null)
              return invokeMethod(m, null, newArgs);
          }
        throw fail("Method " + c.getName() + "." + method + "(" + joinWithComma(classNames(args)) + ") not found");
      } else {
        Class c = o.getClass();
        _MethodCache cache = callOpt_getCache(c);
        Method me = cache.findMethod(method, args);
        if (me != null)
          return invokeMethod(me, o, args);
        List<Method> methods = cache.cache.get(method);
        if (methods != null)
          methodSearch: for (Method m : methods) {
            {
              if (!(m.isVarArgs()))
                continue;
            }
            Object[] newArgs = massageArgsForVarArgsCall(m, args);
            if (newArgs != null)
              return invokeMethod(m, o, newArgs);
          }
        throw fail("Method " + c.getName() + "." + method + "(" + joinWithComma(classNames(args)) + ") not found");
      }
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public Class javax() {
    return getJavaX();
  }

  static public void setDefaultClassFinder(Object cf) {
    _defaultClassFinder_value = cf;
  }

  static public HashMap<String, Class> findClass_fullName_cache = new HashMap();

  static public Class findClass_fullName(String name) {
    synchronized (findClass_fullName_cache) {
      if (findClass_fullName_cache.containsKey(name))
        return findClass_fullName_cache.get(name);
      Class c;
      try {
        c = Class.forName(name);
      } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
        c = null;
      }
      findClass_fullName_cache.put(name, c);
      return c;
    }
  }

  static public boolean startsWith(String a, String b) {
    return a != null && a.startsWith(b);
  }

  static public boolean startsWith(String a, char c) {
    return nemptyString(a) && a.charAt(0) == c;
  }

  static public boolean startsWith(String a, String b, Matches m) {
    if (!startsWith(a, b))
      return false;
    m.m = new String[] { substring(a, strL(b)) };
    return true;
  }

  static public boolean startsWith(List a, List b) {
    if (a == null || listL(b) > listL(a))
      return false;
    for (int i = 0; i < listL(b); i++) if (neq(a.get(i), b.get(i)))
      return false;
    return true;
  }

  static public String substring(String s, int x) {
    return substring(s, x, strL(s));
  }

  static public String substring(String s, int x, int y) {
    if (s == null)
      return null;
    if (x < 0)
      x = 0;
    if (x >= s.length())
      return "";
    if (y < x)
      y = x;
    if (y > s.length())
      y = s.length();
    return s.substring(x, y);
  }

  static public Object _defaultClassFinder_value = defaultDefaultClassFinder();

  static public Object _defaultClassFinder() {
    return _defaultClassFinder_value;
  }

  static public String programID;

  static public String getProgramID() {
    return nempty(programID) ? formatSnippetIDOpt(programID) : "?";
  }

  static public String getProgramID(Class c) {
    String id = (String) getOpt(c, "programID");
    if (nempty(id))
      return formatSnippetID(id);
    return "?";
  }

  static public String getProgramID(Object o) {
    return getProgramID(getMainClass(o));
  }

  static public boolean endsWithLetterOrDigit(String s) {
    return s != null && s.length() > 0 && Character.isLetterOrDigit(s.charAt(s.length() - 1));
  }

  static public void ping_okInCleanUp() {
    if (ping_pauseAll || ping_anyActions)
      ping_impl(true);
  }

  static public Object getThreadLocal(Object o, String name) {
    ThreadLocal t = (ThreadLocal) (getOpt(o, name));
    return t != null ? t.get() : null;
  }

  static public <A> A getThreadLocal(ThreadLocal<A> tl) {
    return tl == null ? null : tl.get();
  }

  static public <A> A getThreadLocal(ThreadLocal<A> tl, A defaultValue) {
    return or(getThreadLocal(tl), defaultValue);
  }

  static public ThreadLocal<Object> print_byThread_dontCreate() {
    return print_byThread;
  }

  static public boolean isFalse(Object o) {
    return eq(false, o);
  }

  static public String fixNewLines(String s) {
    int i = indexOf(s, '\r');
    if (i < 0)
      return s;
    int l = s.length();
    StringBuilder out = new StringBuilder(l);
    out.append(s, 0, i);
    for (; i < l; i++) {
      char c = s.charAt(i);
      if (c != '\r')
        out.append(c);
      else {
        out.append('\n');
        if (i + 1 < l && s.charAt(i + 1) == '\n')
          ++i;
      }
    }
    return out.toString();
  }

  static public void print_append(Appendable buf, String s, int max) {
    try {
      synchronized (buf) {
        buf.append(s);
        if (buf instanceof StringBuffer)
          rotateStringBuffer(((StringBuffer) buf), max);
        else if (buf instanceof StringBuilder)
          rotateStringBuilder(((StringBuilder) buf), max);
      }
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public ThreadLocal<Object> print_byThread() {
    synchronized (print_byThread_lock) {
      if (print_byThread == null)
        print_byThread = new ThreadLocal();
    }
    return print_byThread;
  }

  static public AutoCloseable tempInterceptPrint(F1<String, Boolean> f) {
    return tempSetThreadLocal(print_byThread(), f);
  }

  static public short[] decodeWAVToStereoSamples(File wavFile) {
    try {
      if (wavFile == null)
        return null;
      WAVDecoder decoder = new WAVDecoder(newFileInputStream(wavFile));
      try {
        List<short[]> chunks = new ArrayList();
        while (licensed()) {
          short[] buf = new short[4096];
          int n = decoder.readStereoSamples(buf);
          if (n <= 0)
            break;
          chunks.add(subArray(buf, 0, n));
        }
        return concatShortArrays(chunks);
      } finally {
        _close(decoder);
      }
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public VF1<double[]> stereoSamplesIterator_single(final short[] samples, final Runnable whenDone) {
    return new VF1<double[]>() {

      public int sampleIndex = 0;

      public void get(double[] pair) {
        if (sampleIndex >= l(samples)) {
          pair[0] = Double.NaN;
          return;
        }
        pair[0] = samples[sampleIndex];
        pair[1] = samples[sampleIndex + 1];
        sampleIndex += 2;
        if (sampleIndex >= l(samples))
          callF(whenDone);
      }
    };
  }

  static public boolean dm_removeSoundSource(VF1<double[]> source) {
    final Object out = dm_audioOutputModule();
    if (out == null) {
      print("Audio Output module not found");
      return false;
    }
    call(dm_getModule(out), "removeSource", source);
    return true;
  }

  static public boolean dm_addSoundSource(VF1<double[]> source) {
    final Object out = dm_audioOutputModule();
    if (out == null) {
      print("Audio Output module not found");
      return false;
    }
    call(dm_getModule(out), "addSource", source);
    dm_ownTimer(source, new VF1<VF1<double[]>>() {

      public void get(VF1<double[]> source) {
        try {
          call(dm_getModule(out), "removeSource", source);
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "call(dm_getModule(out), 'removeSource, source)";
      }
    });
    return true;
  }

  static public <A> NotifyingList<A> listWithNotify(final Runnable onChange) {
    return listWithNotify(new ArrayList(), onChange);
  }

  static public <A> NotifyingList<A> listWithNotify(List<A> l, Runnable onChange) {
    return new NotifyingList<A>(l) {

      public void change() {
        onChange.run();
      }
    };
  }

  static public <A> NotifyingList<A> listWithNotify(final Object onChange) {
    return new NotifyingList<A>(new ArrayList()) {

      public void change() {
        callF(onChange);
      }
    };
  }

  static public void _handleError(Error e) {
    call(javax(), "_handleError", e);
  }

  static public Object swing(Object f) {
    return swingAndWait(f);
  }

  static public <A> A swing(F0<A> f) {
    return (A) swingAndWait(f);
  }

  static public <A> A swing(IF0<A> f) {
    return (A) swingAndWait(f);
  }

  static public JComponent wrap(Object swingable) {
    return _recordNewSwingComponent(wrap_2(swingable));
  }

  static public JComponent wrap_2(Object swingable) {
    if (swingable == null)
      return null;
    JComponent c;
    if (swingable instanceof Component)
      c = componentToJComponent(((Component) swingable));
    else
      c = componentToJComponent((Component) callOpt(swingable, "swing"));
    if (c instanceof JTable || c instanceof JList || c instanceof JTextArea || c instanceof JEditorPane || c instanceof JTextPane || c instanceof JTree)
      return jscroll(c);
    return c == null ? jlabel(str(swingable)) : c;
  }

  static public JPanel smartAddWithLayout(JPanel panel, Object layout, List parts) {
    for (Object o : parts) panel.add(wrapForSmartAdd(o), layout);
    return panel;
  }

  static public JPanel smartAddWithLayout(JPanel panel, Object layout, Object... parts) {
    return smartAddWithLayout(panel, layout, asList(flattenArray2(parts)));
  }

  static public Object[] toObjectArray(Collection c) {
    List l = asList(c);
    return l.toArray(new Object[l.size()]);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> nonNulls(List<A> l) {
    return withoutNulls(l);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> nonNulls(A[] l) {
    return withoutNulls(l);
  }

  static public <A, B> Map<A, B> nonNulls(Map<A, B> map) {
    return withoutNulls(map);
  }

  static public Component jrigid() {
    return javax.swing.Box.createRigidArea(new Dimension(0, 0));
  }

  static public <A> ArrayList<A> asList(A[] a) {
    return a == null ? new ArrayList<A>() : new ArrayList<A>(Arrays.asList(a));
  }

  static public ArrayList<Integer> asList(int[] a) {
    if (a == null)
      return null;
    ArrayList<Integer> l = emptyList(a.length);
    for (int i : a) l.add(i);
    return l;
  }

  static public ArrayList<Float> asList(float[] a) {
    if (a == null)
      return null;
    ArrayList<Float> l = emptyList(a.length);
    for (float i : a) l.add(i);
    return l;
  }

  static public ArrayList<Double> asList(double[] a) {
    if (a == null)
      return null;
    ArrayList<Double> l = emptyList(a.length);
    for (double i : a) l.add(i);
    return l;
  }

  static public <A> ArrayList<A> asList(Iterable<A> s) {
    if (s instanceof ArrayList)
      return (ArrayList) s;
    ArrayList l = new ArrayList();
    if (s != null)
      for (A a : s) l.add(a);
    return l;
  }

  static public <A> ArrayList<A> asList(Enumeration<A> e) {
    ArrayList l = new ArrayList();
    if (e != null)
      while (e.hasMoreElements()) l.add(e.nextElement());
    return l;
  }

  static public JPanel westAndCenter(final Component w, final Component c) {
    return swing(new F0<JPanel>() {

      public JPanel get() {
        try {
          JPanel panel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
          panel.add(BorderLayout.WEST, wrap(w));
          panel.add(BorderLayout.CENTER, wrap(c));
          return panel;
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "JPanel panel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout);\r\n    panel.add(BorderLayout.WEST...";
      }
    });
  }

  static public JLabel jlabel(final String text) {
    return swingConstruct(BetterLabel.class, text);
  }

  static public JLabel jlabel() {
    return jlabel(" ");
  }

  static public int iround(double d) {
    return (int) Math.round(d);
  }

  static public int iround(Number n) {
    return iround(toDouble(n));
  }

  static public <A extends JComponent> A setToolTip(A c, Object toolTip) {
    return setToolTipText(c, toolTip);
  }

  static public <A extends JComponent> A setToolTip(Object toolTip, A c) {
    return setToolTipText(c, toolTip);
  }

  static public void setToolTip(TrayIcon trayIcon, String toolTip) {
    setTrayIconToolTip(trayIcon, toolTip);
  }

  static public String str(Object o) {
    return o == null ? "null" : o.toString();
  }

  static public String str(char[] c) {
    return new String(c);
  }

  static public Object pcallF(Object f, Object... args) {
    return pcallFunction(f, args);
  }

  static public <A> A pcallF(F0<A> f) {
    try {
      return f == null ? null : f.get();
    } catch (Throwable __e) {
      return null;
    }
  }

  static public <A, B> B pcallF(F1<A, B> f, A a) {
    try {
      return f == null ? null : f.get(a);
    } catch (Throwable __e) {
      return null;
    }
  }

  static public <A> void pcallF(VF1<A> f, A a) {
    try {
      if (f != null)
        f.get(a);
    } catch (Throwable __e) {
      _handleException(__e);
    }
  }

  static public JPanel jrightAlignedLine(final Component... components) {
    return swing(new F0<RightAlignedLine>() {

      public RightAlignedLine get() {
        try {
          return new RightAlignedLine(components);
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "ret RightAlignedLine(components);";
      }
    });
  }

  static public JPanel jrightAlignedLine(List<? extends Component> components) {
    return jrightAlignedLine(asArray(Component.class, components));
  }

  static public <A extends JLabel> A bindJLabelToLiveValue(final A label, final LiveValue lv) {
    bindLiveValueListenerToComponent(label, lv, new Runnable() {

      public void run() {
        try {
          setText(label, strOrNull(lv.get()));
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "setText(label, strOrNull(lv.get()))";
      }
    });
    return label;
  }

  static public Set<AutoCloseable> _registerAutoCloseable_set = synchroHashSet();

  static public void _registerAutoCloseable(AutoCloseable c) {
    addIfNotNull(_registerAutoCloseable_set, c);
  }

  static public void cleanMeUp__registerAutoCloseable() {
    closeAutoCloseables(getAndClearList(_registerAutoCloseable_set));
  }

  static public boolean empty(Collection c) {
    return c == null || c.isEmpty();
  }

  static public boolean empty(CharSequence s) {
    return s == null || s.length() == 0;
  }

  static public boolean empty(Map map) {
    return map == null || map.isEmpty();
  }

  static public boolean empty(Object[] o) {
    return o == null || o.length == 0;
  }

  static public boolean empty(Object o) {
    if (o instanceof Collection)
      return empty((Collection) o);
    if (o instanceof String)
      return empty((String) o);
    if (o instanceof Map)
      return empty((Map) o);
    if (o instanceof Object[])
      return empty((Object[]) o);
    if (o instanceof byte[])
      return empty((byte[]) o);
    if (o == null)
      return true;
    throw fail("unknown type for 'empty': " + getType(o));
  }

  static public boolean empty(Iterator i) {
    return i == null || !i.hasNext();
  }

  static public boolean empty(double[] a) {
    return a == null || a.length == 0;
  }

  static public boolean empty(float[] a) {
    return a == null || a.length == 0;
  }

  static public boolean empty(int[] a) {
    return a == null || a.length == 0;
  }

  static public boolean empty(long[] a) {
    return a == null || a.length == 0;
  }

  static public boolean empty(byte[] a) {
    return a == null || a.length == 0;
  }

  static public boolean empty(short[] a) {
    return a == null || a.length == 0;
  }

  static public boolean empty(MultiSet ms) {
    return ms == null || ms.isEmpty();
  }

  static public boolean empty(File f) {
    return getFileSize(f) == 0;
  }

  static public Map<String, Object> objectToMap(Object o) {
    try {
      if (o instanceof Map)
        return (Map) o;
      TreeMap<String, Object> map = new TreeMap();
      Class c = o.getClass();
      while (c != Object.class) {
        Field[] fields = c.getDeclaredFields();
        for (final Field field : fields) {
          if ((field.getModifiers() & Modifier.STATIC) != 0)
            continue;
          field.setAccessible(true);
          final Object value = field.get(o);
          if (value != null)
            map.put(field.getName(), value);
        }
        c = c.getSuperclass();
      }
      if (o instanceof DynamicObject)
        map.putAll(((DynamicObject) o).fieldValues);
      return map;
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public List<Map<String, Object>> objectToMap(Iterable l) {
    if (l == null)
      return null;
    List x = new ArrayList();
    for (Object o : l) x.add(objectToMap(o));
    return x;
  }

  static public String[] asStringArray(Collection<String> c) {
    return toStringArray(c);
  }

  static public String[] asStringArray(Object o) {
    return toStringArray(o);
  }

  static public java.util.Timer doEveryStartingNow(int delay, Object r) {
    return doEvery(delay, 0, r);
  }

  static public int toInt(Object o) {
    if (o == null)
      return 0;
    if (o instanceof Number)
      return ((Number) o).intValue();
    if (o instanceof String)
      return parseInt(((String) o));
    if (o instanceof Boolean)
      return boolToInt(((Boolean) o));
    throw fail("woot not int: " + getClassName(o));
  }

  static public int toInt(long l) {
    if (l != (int) l)
      throw fail("Too large for int: " + l);
    return (int) l;
  }

  static public long toMS(double seconds) {
    return (long) (seconds * 1000);
  }

  static public String dm_moduleID(Object module) {
    return strOrNull(getOpt(dm_getStem(module), "id"));
  }

  static public String dm_moduleID() {
    return dm_moduleID(dm_current_mandatory_generic());
  }

  static public AutoCloseable combineAutoCloseables(final AutoCloseable a, final AutoCloseable b) {
    return a == null ? b : b == null ? a : new AutoCloseable() {

      public String toString() {
        return "a.close(); b.close();";
      }

      public void close() throws Exception {
        a.close();
        b.close();
      }
    };
  }

  static public AutoCloseable combineAutoCloseables(AutoCloseable a, AutoCloseable b, AutoCloseable c, AutoCloseable... more) {
    return combineAutoCloseables(concatLists(ll(a, b, c), asList(more)));
  }

  static public AutoCloseable combineAutoCloseables(Iterable<AutoCloseable> l) {
    return foldl(new F2<AutoCloseable, AutoCloseable, AutoCloseable>() {

      public AutoCloseable get(AutoCloseable a, AutoCloseable b) {
        try {
          return combineAutoCloseables(a, b);
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "combineAutoCloseables(a,b)";
      }
    }, null, l);
  }

  static public List map(Iterable l, Object f) {
    return map(f, l);
  }

  static public List map(Object f, Iterable l) {
    List x = emptyList(l);
    if (l != null)
      for (Object o : l) x.add(callF(f, o));
    return x;
  }

  static public <A, B> List<B> map(Iterable<A> l, F1<A, B> f) {
    return map(f, l);
  }

  static public <A, B> List<B> map(F1<A, B> f, Iterable<A> l) {
    List x = emptyList(l);
    if (l != null)
      for (A o : l) x.add(callF(f, o));
    return x;
  }

  static public <A, B> List<B> map(IF1<A, B> f, Iterable<A> l) {
    return map(l, f);
  }

  static public <A, B> List<B> map(Iterable<A> l, IF1<A, B> f) {
    List x = emptyList(l);
    if (l != null)
      for (A o : l) x.add(f.get(o));
    return x;
  }

  static public <A, B> List<B> map(IF1<A, B> f, A[] l) {
    return map(l, f);
  }

  static public <A, B> List<B> map(A[] l, IF1<A, B> f) {
    List x = emptyList(l);
    if (l != null)
      for (A o : l) x.add(f.get(o));
    return x;
  }

  static public List map(Object f, Object[] l) {
    return map(f, asList(l));
  }

  static public List map(Object[] l, Object f) {
    return map(f, l);
  }

  static public List map(Object f, Map map) {
    return map(map, f);
  }

  static public List map(Map map, Object f) {
    List x = new ArrayList();
    if (map != null)
      for (Object _e : map.entrySet()) {
        Map.Entry e = (Map.Entry) _e;
        x.add(callF(f, e.getKey(), e.getValue()));
      }
    return x;
  }

  static public <A, B, C> List<C> map(Map<A, B> map, IF2<A, B, C> f) {
    return map(map, (Object) f);
  }

  static public AutoCloseable dm_vmBus_answerToMessage(String msg, final IF0 f) {
    final DynModule m = dm_current_mandatory();
    return dm_ownResource(vmBus_addListener_basic(msg, new F2<String, Object, Object>() {

      public Object get(String _msg, Object arg) {
        try {
          AutoCloseable __0 = m.enter();
          try {
            return callF(f);
          } finally {
            _close(__0);
          }
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "temp m.enter();\r\n    ret callF(f);";
      }
    }));
  }

  static public AutoCloseable dm_vmBus_answerToMessage(String msg, final F0 f) {
    final DynModule m = dm_current_mandatory();
    return dm_ownResource(vmBus_addListener_basic(msg, new F2<String, Object, Object>() {

      public Object get(String _msg, Object arg) {
        try {
          AutoCloseable __1 = m.enter();
          try {
            return callF(f);
          } finally {
            _close(__1);
          }
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "temp m.enter();\r\n    ret callF(f);";
      }
    }));
  }

  static public AutoCloseable dm_vmBus_answerToMessage(String msg, final F1 f) {
    final DynModule m = dm_current_mandatory();
    return dm_ownResource(vmBus_addListener_basic(msg, new F2<String, Object, Object>() {

      public Object get(String _msg, Object arg) {
        try {
          AutoCloseable __2 = m.enter();
          try {
            return callF(f, arg);
          } finally {
            _close(__2);
          }
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "temp m.enter();\r\n    ret callF(f, arg);";
      }
    }));
  }

  static public WeakReference<Object> creator_class;

  static public Object creator() {
    return creator_class == null ? null : creator_class.get();
  }

  static public <A extends AutoCloseable> A dm_ownResource(A resource) {
    dm_currentModuleMandatory().ownResource(resource);
    return resource;
  }

  static public <A> int syncSize(Collection<A> l) {
    if (l == null)
      return 0;
    synchronized (l) {
      return l(l);
    }
  }

  static public <A> A syncGet(List<A> l, int idx) {
    if (l == null || idx < 0)
      return null;
    synchronized (l) {
      return idx < l(l) ? l.get(idx) : null;
    }
  }

  static public <A, B> B syncGet(Map<A, B> map, A a) {
    if (map == null)
      return null;
    synchronized (map) {
      return map.get(a);
    }
  }

  static public boolean isNaN(double d) {
    return Double.isNaN(d);
  }

  static public int max(int a, int b) {
    return Math.max(a, b);
  }

  static public int max(int a, int b, int c) {
    return max(max(a, b), c);
  }

  static public long max(int a, long b) {
    return Math.max((long) a, b);
  }

  static public long max(long a, long b) {
    return Math.max(a, b);
  }

  static public double max(int a, double b) {
    return Math.max((double) a, b);
  }

  static public float max(float a, float b) {
    return Math.max(a, b);
  }

  static public double max(double a, double b) {
    return Math.max(a, b);
  }

  static public int max(Collection<Integer> c) {
    int x = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
    for (int i : c) x = max(x, i);
    return x;
  }

  static public double max(double[] c) {
    if (c.length == 0)
      return Double.MIN_VALUE;
    double x = c[0];
    for (int i = 1; i < c.length; i++) x = Math.max(x, c[i]);
    return x;
  }

  static public float max(float[] c) {
    if (c.length == 0)
      return Float.MAX_VALUE;
    float x = c[0];
    for (int i = 1; i < c.length; i++) x = Math.max(x, c[i]);
    return x;
  }

  static public byte max(byte[] c) {
    byte x = -128;
    for (byte d : c) if (d > x)
      x = d;
    return x;
  }

  static public short max(short[] c) {
    short x = -0x8000;
    for (short d : c) if (d > x)
      x = d;
    return x;
  }

  static public int max(int[] c) {
    int x = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
    for (int d : c) if (d > x)
      x = d;
    return x;
  }

  static public int min(int a, int b) {
    return Math.min(a, b);
  }

  static public long min(long a, long b) {
    return Math.min(a, b);
  }

  static public float min(float a, float b) {
    return Math.min(a, b);
  }

  static public float min(float a, float b, float c) {
    return min(min(a, b), c);
  }

  static public double min(double a, double b) {
    return Math.min(a, b);
  }

  static public double min(double[] c) {
    double x = Double.MAX_VALUE;
    for (double d : c) x = Math.min(x, d);
    return x;
  }

  static public float min(float[] c) {
    float x = Float.MAX_VALUE;
    for (float d : c) x = Math.min(x, d);
    return x;
  }

  static public byte min(byte[] c) {
    byte x = 127;
    for (byte d : c) if (d < x)
      x = d;
    return x;
  }

  static public short min(short[] c) {
    short x = 0x7FFF;
    for (short d : c) if (d < x)
      x = d;
    return x;
  }

  static public int min(int[] c) {
    int x = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
    for (int d : c) if (d < x)
      x = d;
    return x;
  }

  static final public Map<Class, _MethodCache> callOpt_cache = newDangerousWeakHashMap();

  static public Object callOpt_cached(Object o, String methodName, Object... args) {
    try {
      if (o == null)
        return null;
      if (o instanceof Class) {
        Class c = (Class) o;
        _MethodCache cache = callOpt_getCache(c);
        Method me = cache.findMethod(methodName, args);
        if (me == null || (me.getModifiers() & Modifier.STATIC) == 0)
          return null;
        return invokeMethod(me, null, args);
      } else {
        Class c = o.getClass();
        _MethodCache cache = callOpt_getCache(c);
        Method me = cache.findMethod(methodName, args);
        if (me == null)
          return null;
        return invokeMethod(me, o, args);
      }
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public _MethodCache callOpt_getCache(Class c) {
    synchronized (callOpt_cache) {
      _MethodCache cache = callOpt_cache.get(c);
      if (cache == null)
        callOpt_cache.put(c, cache = new _MethodCache(c));
      return cache;
    }
  }

  static public Object invokeMethod(Method m, Object o, Object... args) {
    try {
      try {
        return m.invoke(o, args);
      } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
        throw rethrow(getExceptionCause(e));
      } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException(e.getMessage() + " - was calling: " + m + ", args: " + joinWithSpace(classNames(args)));
      }
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public boolean isStaticMethod(Method m) {
    return methodIsStatic(m);
  }

  static public Object[] massageArgsForVarArgsCall(Method m, Object[] args) {
    Class<?>[] types = m.getParameterTypes();
    int n = types.length - 1, nArgs = args.length;
    if (nArgs < n)
      return null;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) if (!argumentCompatibleWithType(args[i], types[i]))
      return null;
    Class varArgType = types[n].getComponentType();
    for (int i = n; i < nArgs; i++) if (!argumentCompatibleWithType(args[i], varArgType))
      return null;
    Object[] newArgs = new Object[n + 1];
    arraycopy(args, 0, newArgs, 0, n);
    Object[] varArgs = arrayOfType(varArgType, nArgs - n);
    arraycopy(args, n, varArgs, 0, nArgs - n);
    newArgs[n] = varArgs;
    return newArgs;
  }

  static public <A> String joinWithComma(Collection<A> c) {
    return join(", ", c);
  }

  static public String joinWithComma(String... c) {
    return join(", ", c);
  }

  static public List<String> classNames(Collection l) {
    return getClassNames(l);
  }

  static public List<String> classNames(Object[] l) {
    return getClassNames(Arrays.asList(l));
  }

  static public Class __javax;

  static public Class getJavaX() {
    try {
      return __javax;
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public boolean nemptyString(String s) {
    return s != null && s.length() > 0;
  }

  static public int strL(String s) {
    return s == null ? 0 : s.length();
  }

  static public int listL(Collection l) {
    return l == null ? 0 : l.size();
  }

  static public boolean neq(Object a, Object b) {
    return !eq(a, b);
  }

  static public Object defaultDefaultClassFinder() {
    return new F1<String, Class>() {

      public Class get(String name) {
        try {
          Class c = findClass_fullName(name);
          if (c != null)
            return c;
          if (startsWith(name, "loadableUtils.utils$"))
            return findClass_fullName("main" + substring(name, 19));
          return null;
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "Class c = findClass_fullName(name);\r\n    if (c != null) ret c;\r\n    if (start...";
      }
    };
  }

  static public boolean nempty(Collection c) {
    return !empty(c);
  }

  static public boolean nempty(CharSequence s) {
    return !empty(s);
  }

  static public boolean nempty(Object[] o) {
    return !empty(o);
  }

  static public boolean nempty(byte[] o) {
    return !empty(o);
  }

  static public boolean nempty(int[] o) {
    return !empty(o);
  }

  static public boolean nempty(Map m) {
    return !empty(m);
  }

  static public boolean nempty(Iterator i) {
    return i != null && i.hasNext();
  }

  static public boolean nempty(Object o) {
    return !empty(o);
  }

  static public String formatSnippetIDOpt(String s) {
    return isSnippetID(s) ? formatSnippetID(s) : s;
  }

  static public String formatSnippetID(String id) {
    return "#" + parseSnippetID(id);
  }

  static public String formatSnippetID(long id) {
    return "#" + id;
  }

  static public Class getMainClass() {
    return mc();
  }

  static public Class getMainClass(Object o) {
    try {
      if (o == null)
        return null;
      if (o instanceof Class && eq(((Class) o).getName(), "x30"))
        return (Class) o;
      return (o instanceof Class ? (Class) o : o.getClass()).getClassLoader().loadClass("main");
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static volatile public boolean ping_pauseAll = false;

  static public int ping_sleep = 100;

  static volatile public boolean ping_anyActions = false;

  static public Map<Thread, Object> ping_actions = newWeakHashMap();

  static public ThreadLocal<Boolean> ping_isCleanUpThread = new ThreadLocal();

  static public boolean ping() {
    if (ping_pauseAll || ping_anyActions)
      ping_impl(true);
    return true;
  }

  static public boolean ping_impl(boolean okInCleanUp) {
    try {
      if (ping_pauseAll && !isAWTThread()) {
        do Thread.sleep(ping_sleep); while (ping_pauseAll);
        return true;
      }
      if (ping_anyActions) {
        if (!okInCleanUp && !isTrue(ping_isCleanUpThread.get()))
          failIfUnlicensed();
        Object action = null;
        synchronized (ping_actions) {
          if (!ping_actions.isEmpty()) {
            action = ping_actions.get(currentThread());
            if (action instanceof Runnable)
              ping_actions.remove(currentThread());
            if (ping_actions.isEmpty())
              ping_anyActions = false;
          }
        }
        if (action instanceof Runnable)
          ((Runnable) action).run();
        else if (eq(action, "cancelled"))
          throw fail("Thread cancelled.");
      }
      return false;
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public <A> A or(A a, A b) {
    return a != null ? a : b;
  }

  static public boolean eq(Object a, Object b) {
    return a == b || (a == null ? b == null : b != null && a.equals(b));
  }

  static public void rotateStringBuffer(StringBuffer buf, int max) {
    try {
      if (buf == null)
        return;
      synchronized (buf) {
        if (buf.length() <= max)
          return;
        try {
          int newLength = max / 2;
          int ofs = buf.length() - newLength;
          String newString = buf.substring(ofs);
          buf.setLength(0);
          buf.append("[...] ").append(newString);
        } catch (Exception e) {
          buf.setLength(0);
        }
        buf.trimToSize();
      }
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public void rotateStringBuilder(StringBuilder buf, int max) {
    try {
      if (buf == null)
        return;
      synchronized (buf) {
        if (buf.length() <= max)
          return;
        try {
          int newLength = max / 2;
          int ofs = buf.length() - newLength;
          String newString = buf.substring(ofs);
          buf.setLength(0);
          buf.append("[...] ").append(newString);
        } catch (Exception e) {
          buf.setLength(0);
        }
        buf.trimToSize();
      }
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public <A> AutoCloseable tempSetThreadLocal(final ThreadLocal<A> tl, A a) {
    if (tl == null)
      return null;
    final A prev = setThreadLocal(tl, a);
    return new AutoCloseable() {

      public String toString() {
        return "tl.set(prev);";
      }

      public void close() throws Exception {
        tl.set(prev);
      }
    };
  }

  static public FileInputStream newFileInputStream(File path) throws IOException {
    return newFileInputStream(path.getPath());
  }

  static public FileInputStream newFileInputStream(String path) throws IOException {
    FileInputStream f = new FileInputStream(path);
    _registerIO(f, path, true);
    return f;
  }

  static volatile public boolean licensed_yes = true;

  static public boolean licensed() {
    if (!licensed_yes)
      return false;
    ping_okInCleanUp();
    return true;
  }

  static public void licensed_off() {
    licensed_yes = false;
  }

  static public int[] subArray(int[] b, int start, int end) {
    int[] x = new int[end - start];
    System.arraycopy(b, start, x, 0, end - start);
    return x;
  }

  static public byte[] subArray(byte[] b, int start, int end) {
    start = max(start, 0);
    end = min(end, l(b));
    if (start >= end)
      return new byte[0];
    byte[] x = new byte[end - start];
    System.arraycopy(b, start, x, 0, end - start);
    return x;
  }

  static public short[] subArray(short[] b, int start, int end) {
    if (start <= 0 && end >= l(b))
      return b;
    short[] x = new short[end - start];
    System.arraycopy(b, start, x, 0, end - start);
    return x;
  }

  static public float[] subArray(float[] b, int start, int end) {
    float[] x = new float[end - start];
    System.arraycopy(b, start, x, 0, end - start);
    return x;
  }

  static public Object[] subArray(Object[] b, int start) {
    return subArray(b, start, l(b));
  }

  static public Object[] subArray(Object[] b, int start, int end) {
    start = max(start, 0);
    end = min(end, l(b));
    if (start >= end)
      return new Object[0];
    Object[] x = new Object[end - start];
    System.arraycopy(b, start, x, 0, end - start);
    return x;
  }

  static public short[] concatShortArrays(List<short[]> arrays) {
    int l = 0;
    for (short[] a : unnull(arrays)) l += l(a);
    short[] x = new short[l];
    int i = 0;
    for (short[] a : unnull(arrays)) if (a != null) {
      System.arraycopy(a, 0, x, i, l(a));
      i += l(a);
    }
    return x;
  }

  static public String dm_audioOutputModule() {
    String __1 = dm_audioOutputModuleOpt();
    if (!empty(__1))
      return __1;
    return dm_makeModule("#1016699/AudioOutput");
  }

  static public Object dm_getModule(Object moduleOrID) {
    if (moduleOrID == null || eq(moduleOrID, ""))
      return null;
    if (isString(moduleOrID) && isIdentifier(((String) moduleOrID)))
      return dm_getService(((String) moduleOrID));
    if (isStringOrIntOrLong(moduleOrID))
      return dm_callOS("getDynModuleByID", str(moduleOrID));
    return dm_resolveModule(moduleOrID);
  }

  static public void dm_ownTimer(Object resource, Object closerHelper) {
    call(dm_current_generic(), "ownTimer", resource, closerHelper);
  }

  static public void swingAndWait(Runnable r) {
    try {
      if (isAWTThread())
        r.run();
      else
        EventQueue.invokeAndWait(addThreadInfoToRunnable(r));
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public Object swingAndWait(final Object f) {
    if (isAWTThread())
      return callF(f);
    else {
      final Var result = new Var();
      swingAndWait(new Runnable() {

        public void run() {
          try {
            result.set(callF(f));
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "result.set(callF(f));";
        }
      });
      return result.get();
    }
  }

  static public <A extends Component> A _recordNewSwingComponent(A c) {
    if (c != null)
      callF((Object) vm_generalMap_get("newSwingComponentRegistry"), (Object) c);
    return c;
  }

  static public JComponent componentToJComponent(Component c) {
    if (c instanceof JComponent)
      return (JComponent) c;
    if (c instanceof JFrame)
      return ((JFrame) c).getRootPane();
    if (c == null)
      return null;
    throw fail("boohoo " + getClassName(c));
  }

  static public JScrollPane jscroll(final Component c) {
    return swing(new F0<JScrollPane>() {

      public JScrollPane get() {
        try {
          return new JScrollPane(c);
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "ret new JScrollPane(c);";
      }
    });
  }

  static public Component wrapForSmartAdd(Object o) {
    if (o == null)
      return jpanel();
    if (o instanceof String)
      return jlabel((String) o);
    return wrap(o);
  }

  static public Object[] flattenArray2(Object... a) {
    List l = new ArrayList();
    if (a != null)
      for (Object x : a) if (x instanceof Object[])
        l.addAll(asList((Object[]) x));
      else if (x instanceof Collection)
        l.addAll((Collection) x);
      else
        l.add(x);
    return asObjectArray(l);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> withoutNulls(List<A> l) {
    if (!containsNulls(l))
      return l;
    List<A> l2 = new ArrayList();
    for (A a : l) if (a != null)
      l2.add(a);
    return l2;
  }

  static public <A, B> Map<A, B> withoutNulls(Map<A, B> map) {
    Map<A, B> map2 = similarEmptyMap(map);
    for (A a : keys(map)) if (a != null) {
      B b = map.get(a);
      if (b != null)
        map2.put(a, b);
    }
    return map2;
  }

  static public <A> List<A> withoutNulls(A[] l) {
    List<A> l2 = new ArrayList();
    if (l != null)
      for (A a : l) if (a != null)
        l2.add(a);
    return l2;
  }

  static public ArrayList emptyList() {
    return new ArrayList();
  }

  static public ArrayList emptyList(int capacity) {
    return new ArrayList(max(0, capacity));
  }

  static public ArrayList emptyList(Iterable l) {
    return l instanceof Collection ? emptyList(((Collection) l).size()) : emptyList();
  }

  static public ArrayList emptyList(Object[] l) {
    return emptyList(l(l));
  }

  static public <A> ArrayList<A> emptyList(Class<A> c) {
    return new ArrayList();
  }

  static public <A> A swingConstruct(final Class<A> c, final Object... args) {
    return swing(new F0<A>() {

      public A get() {
        try {
          return nuObject(c, args);
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "ret nuObject(c, args);";
      }
    });
  }

  static public double toDouble(Object o) {
    if (o instanceof Number)
      return ((Number) o).doubleValue();
    if (o instanceof BigInteger)
      return ((BigInteger) o).doubleValue();
    if (o == null)
      return 0.0;
    throw fail(o);
  }

  static public <A extends JComponent> A setToolTipText(final A c, final Object toolTip) {
    if (c == null)
      return null;
    {
      swing(new Runnable() {

        public void run() {
          try {
            String s = nullIfEmpty(str(toolTip));
            if (neq(s, c.getToolTipText()))
              c.setToolTipText(s);
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "String s = nullIfEmpty(str(toolTip));\r\n    if (neq(s, c.getToolTipText()))\r\n ...";
        }
      });
    }
    return c;
  }

  static public <A extends JComponent> A setToolTipText(Object toolTip, A c) {
    return setToolTipText(c, toolTip);
  }

  static public void setTrayIconToolTip(TrayIcon trayIcon, String toolTip) {
    if (trayIcon != null)
      trayIcon.setToolTip(toolTip);
  }

  static public Object pcallFunction(Object f, Object... args) {
    try {
      return callFunction(f, args);
    } catch (Throwable __e) {
      _handleException(__e);
    }
    return null;
  }

  static volatile public PersistableThrowable _handleException_lastException;

  static public List _handleException_onException = synchroList(ll("printStackTrace2"));

  static public void _handleException(Throwable e) {
    _handleException_lastException = persistableThrowable(e);
    Throwable e2 = innerException(e);
    if (e2.getClass() == RuntimeException.class && eq(e2.getMessage(), "Thread cancelled.") || e2 instanceof InterruptedException)
      return;
    for (Object f : cloneList(_handleException_onException)) try {
      callF(f, e);
    } catch (Throwable e3) {
      printStackTrace2(e3);
    }
  }

  static public Object[] asArray(List l) {
    return toObjectArray(l);
  }

  static public <A> A[] asArray(Class<A> type, List l) {
    return (A[]) l.toArray((Object[]) Array.newInstance(type, l.size()));
  }

  static public <A extends JComponent> A bindLiveValueListenerToComponent(A component, final LiveValue lv, final Runnable listener) {
    if (lv != null)
      bindToComponent(component, new Runnable() {

        public void run() {
          try {
            lv.onChangeAndNow(listener);
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "ifdef bindLiveValueListenerToComponent_debug\r\n          print(\"bindLiveValueL...";
        }
      }, new Runnable() {

        public void run() {
          try {
            lv.removeOnChangeListener(listener);
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "lv.removeOnChangeListener(listener)";
        }
      });
    return component;
  }

  static public boolean setText_opt = true;

  static public <A extends JTextComponent> A setText(A c, Object text) {
    setText((JComponent) c, text);
    return c;
  }

  static public <A extends JComboBox> A setText(final A c, Object text) {
    final String s = strUnnull(text);
    {
      swing(new Runnable() {

        public void run() {
          try {
            c.getEditor().setItem(s);
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "c.getEditor().setItem(s);";
        }
      });
    }
    return c;
  }

  static public void setText(JLabel c, Object text) {
    setText((JComponent) c, text);
  }

  static public JButton setText(JButton c, Object text) {
    setText((JComponent) c, jlabel_textAsHTML_center_ifNeeded(strUnnull(text)));
    return c;
  }

  static public <A extends JComponent> A setText(final A c, Object text) {
    if (c == null)
      return null;
    final String s = strUnnull(text);
    {
      swing(new Runnable() {

        public void run() {
          try {
            if (!setText_opt || neq(callOpt(c, "getText"), s))
              call(c, "setText", s);
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "if (!setText_opt || neq(callOpt(c, \"getText\"), s))\r\n      call(c, \"setText\", s);";
        }
      });
    }
    return c;
  }

  static public String strOrNull(Object o) {
    return o == null ? null : str(o);
  }

  static public <A> Set<A> synchroHashSet() {
    return Collections.synchronizedSet(new HashSet<A>());
  }

  static public <A> void addIfNotNull(Collection<A> l, A a) {
    if (a != null && l != null)
      l.add(a);
  }

  static public <A> void addIfNotNull(MultiSet<A> ms, A a) {
    if (a != null && ms != null)
      ms.add(a);
  }

  static public void closeAutoCloseables(Collection<AutoCloseable> l) {
    if (l != null)
      for (AutoCloseable c : l) {
        try {
          c.close();
        } catch (Throwable __e) {
          _handleException(__e);
        }
      }
  }

  static public <A> List<A> getAndClearList(Collection<A> l) {
    if (l == null)
      return emptyList();
    synchronized (collectionMutex(l)) {
      List<A> out = cloneList(l);
      l.clear();
      return out;
    }
  }

  static public String getType(Object o) {
    return getClassName(o);
  }

  static public long getFileSize(String path) {
    return path == null ? 0 : new File(path).length();
  }

  static public long getFileSize(File f) {
    return f == null ? 0 : f.length();
  }

  static public String[] toStringArray(Collection<String> c) {
    String[] a = new String[l(c)];
    Iterator<String> it = c.iterator();
    for (int i = 0; i < l(a); i++) a[i] = it.next();
    return a;
  }

  static public String[] toStringArray(Object o) {
    if (o instanceof String[])
      return (String[]) o;
    else if (o instanceof Collection)
      return toStringArray((Collection<String>) o);
    else
      throw fail("Not a collection or array: " + getClassName(o));
  }

  static public FixedRateTimer doEvery(long delay, final Object r) {
    return doEvery(delay, delay, r);
  }

  static public FixedRateTimer doEvery(long delay, long firstDelay, final Object r) {
    FixedRateTimer timer = new FixedRateTimer(shorten(programID() + ": " + r, 80));
    timer.scheduleAtFixedRate(smartTimerTask(r, timer, toInt(delay)), toInt(firstDelay), toInt(delay));
    return vmBus_timerStarted(timer);
  }

  static public FixedRateTimer doEvery(double initialSeconds, double delaySeconds, final Object r) {
    return doEvery(toMS(delaySeconds), toMS(initialSeconds), r);
  }

  static public FixedRateTimer doEvery(double delaySeconds, final Object r) {
    return doEvery(toMS(delaySeconds), r);
  }

  static public int parseInt(String s) {
    return emptyString(s) ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(s);
  }

  static public int parseInt(char c) {
    return Integer.parseInt(str(c));
  }

  static public int boolToInt(boolean b) {
    return b ? 1 : 0;
  }

  static public String getClassName(Object o) {
    return o == null ? "null" : o instanceof Class ? ((Class) o).getName() : o.getClass().getName();
  }

  static public Object dm_getStem(Object moduleOrID) {
    if (isStringOrIntOrLong(moduleOrID))
      return dm_getStemByID(moduleOrID);
    return or(getOpt(dm_getModule(moduleOrID), "_host"), moduleOrID);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> concatLists(Collection<A>... lists) {
    List<A> l = new ArrayList();
    if (lists != null)
      for (Collection<A> list : lists) if (list != null)
        l.addAll(list);
    return l;
  }

  static public <A> List<A> concatLists(Collection<? extends Collection<A>> lists) {
    List<A> l = new ArrayList();
    if (lists != null)
      for (Collection<A> list : lists) if (list != null)
        l.addAll(list);
    return l;
  }

  static public <A> List<A> ll(A... a) {
    ArrayList l = new ArrayList(a.length);
    if (a != null)
      for (A x : a) l.add(x);
    return l;
  }

  static public <A, B> A foldl(F2<A, B, A> f, A seed, Iterable<B> l) {
    A a = seed;
    if (l != null)
      for (B b : l) a = callF(f, a, b);
    return a;
  }

  static public <A, B> A foldl(F2<A, B, A> f, A seed, B[] l) {
    A a = seed;
    if (l != null)
      for (B b : l) a = callF(f, a, b);
    return a;
  }

  static public <A, B> A foldl(Object f, A seed, B[] l) {
    A a = seed;
    if (l != null)
      for (B b : l) a = (A) callF(f, a, b);
    return a;
  }

  static public <A> AutoCloseable vmBus_addListener_basic(String msg, Object listener) {
    Map<String, Set> map = vm_busListenersByMessage_live();
    synchronized (map) {
      Set listeners = map.get(msg);
      if (listeners == null)
        map.put(msg, listeners = syncIdentityHashSet());
      return tempAdd(listeners, listener);
    }
  }

  static public DynModule dm_currentModuleMandatory() {
    return dm_current_mandatory();
  }

  static public Throwable getExceptionCause(Throwable e) {
    Throwable c = e.getCause();
    return c != null ? c : e;
  }

  static public String joinWithSpace(Collection<String> c) {
    return join(" ", c);
  }

  static public String joinWithSpace(String... c) {
    return join(" ", c);
  }

  static public boolean methodIsStatic(Method m) {
    return (m.getModifiers() & Modifier.STATIC) != 0;
  }

  static public boolean argumentCompatibleWithType(Object arg, Class type) {
    return arg == null ? !type.isPrimitive() : isInstanceX(type, arg);
  }

  static public void arraycopy(Object[] a, Object[] b) {
    if (a != null && b != null)
      arraycopy(a, 0, b, 0, min(a.length, b.length));
  }

  static public void arraycopy(Object src, int srcPos, Object dest, int destPos, int n) {
    if (n != 0)
      System.arraycopy(src, srcPos, dest, destPos, n);
  }

  static public <A> A[] arrayOfType(Class<A> type, int n) {
    return makeArray(type, n);
  }

  static public <A> A[] arrayOfType(int n, Class<A> type) {
    return arrayOfType(type, n);
  }

  public static <A> String join(String glue, Iterable<A> strings) {
    if (strings == null)
      return "";
    if (strings instanceof Collection) {
      if (((Collection) strings).size() == 1)
        return str(first(((Collection) strings)));
    }
    StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
    Iterator<A> i = strings.iterator();
    if (i.hasNext()) {
      buf.append(i.next());
      while (i.hasNext()) buf.append(glue).append(i.next());
    }
    return buf.toString();
  }

  public static String join(String glue, String... strings) {
    return join(glue, Arrays.asList(strings));
  }

  static public <A> String join(Iterable<A> strings) {
    return join("", strings);
  }

  static public <A> String join(Iterable<A> strings, String glue) {
    return join(glue, strings);
  }

  public static String join(String[] strings) {
    return join("", strings);
  }

  static public List<String> getClassNames(Collection l) {
    List<String> out = new ArrayList();
    if (l != null)
      for (Object o : l) out.add(o == null ? null : getClassName(o));
    return out;
  }

  static public Throwable printStackTrace2(Throwable e) {
    print(getStackTrace2(e));
    return e;
  }

  static public void printStackTrace2() {
    printStackTrace2(new Throwable());
  }

  static public void printStackTrace2(String msg) {
    printStackTrace2(new Throwable(msg));
  }

  public static boolean isSnippetID(String s) {
    try {
      parseSnippetID(s);
      return true;
    } catch (RuntimeException e) {
      return false;
    }
  }

  public static long parseSnippetID(String snippetID) {
    long id = Long.parseLong(shortenSnippetID(snippetID));
    if (id == 0)
      throw fail("0 is not a snippet ID");
    return id;
  }

  static public boolean isAWTThread() {
    if (isAndroid())
      return false;
    if (isHeadless())
      return false;
    return isAWTThread_awt();
  }

  static public boolean isAWTThread_awt() {
    return SwingUtilities.isEventDispatchThread();
  }

  static public void failIfUnlicensed() {
    assertTrue("license off", licensed());
  }

  static public Thread currentThread() {
    return Thread.currentThread();
  }

  static public <A> A setThreadLocal(ThreadLocal<A> tl, A value) {
    if (tl == null)
      return null;
    A old = tl.get();
    tl.set(value);
    return old;
  }

  static public void _registerIO(Object object, String path, boolean opened) {
  }

  static public String unnull(String s) {
    return s == null ? "" : s;
  }

  static public <A> Collection<A> unnull(Collection<A> l) {
    return l == null ? emptyList() : l;
  }

  static public <A> List<A> unnull(List<A> l) {
    return l == null ? emptyList() : l;
  }

  static public <A, B> Map<A, B> unnull(Map<A, B> l) {
    return l == null ? emptyMap() : l;
  }

  static public <A> Iterable<A> unnull(Iterable<A> i) {
    return i == null ? emptyList() : i;
  }

  static public <A> A[] unnull(A[] a) {
    return a == null ? (A[]) new Object[0] : a;
  }

  static public BitSet unnull(BitSet b) {
    return b == null ? new BitSet() : b;
  }

  static public Pt unnull(Pt p) {
    return p == null ? new Pt() : p;
  }

  static public String dm_audioOutputModuleOpt() {
    return dm_serviceModuleID("audioOutputModule");
  }

  static public String dm_makeModule(String moduleLibID) {
    return (String) dm_callOS("makeModule", moduleLibID);
  }

  static public boolean isString(Object o) {
    return o instanceof String;
  }

  static public boolean isIdentifier(String s) {
    return isJavaIdentifier(s);
  }

  static public Object dm_getService(String serviceName) {
    return empty(serviceName) ? null : dm_getModule(vmBus_query(assertIdentifier(serviceName)));
  }

  static public boolean isStringOrIntOrLong(Object o) {
    return o instanceof String || o instanceof Integer || o instanceof Long;
  }

  static public Object dm_callOS(String functionName, Object... args) {
    return call(dm_os(), functionName, args);
  }

  static public Object dm_resolveModule(Object moduleOrStem) {
    return dm_callOS("resolveModule", moduleOrStem);
  }

  static public Runnable addThreadInfoToRunnable(final Object r) {
    final Object info = _threadInfo();
    return info == null ? asRunnable(r) : new Runnable() {

      public void run() {
        try {
          _inheritThreadInfo(info);
          callF(r);
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "_inheritThreadInfo(info); callF(r);";
      }
    };
  }

  static public Object vm_generalMap_get(Object key) {
    return vm_generalMap().get(key);
  }

  static public JPanel jpanel(LayoutManager layout) {
    return swingNu(JPanel.class, layout);
  }

  static public JPanel jpanel() {
    return swingNu(JPanel.class);
  }

  static public Object[] asObjectArray(Collection l) {
    return toObjectArray(l);
  }

  static public boolean containsNulls(Collection c) {
    return contains(c, null);
  }

  static public Map similarEmptyMap(Map m) {
    if (m instanceof TreeMap)
      return new TreeMap(((TreeMap) m).comparator());
    if (m instanceof LinkedHashMap)
      return new LinkedHashMap();
    return new HashMap();
  }

  static public <A, B> Set<A> keys(Map<A, B> map) {
    return map == null ? new HashSet() : map.keySet();
  }

  static public Set keys(Object map) {
    return keys((Map) map);
  }

  static public <A> Set<A> keys(MultiSet<A> ms) {
    return ms.keySet();
  }

  static public Object nuObject(String className, Object... args) {
    try {
      return nuObject(classForName(className), args);
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public <A> A nuObject(Class<A> c, Object... args) {
    try {
      if (args.length == 0)
        return nuObjectWithoutArguments(c);
      Constructor m = nuObject_findConstructor(c, args);
      makeAccessible(m);
      return (A) m.newInstance(args);
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public Constructor nuObject_findConstructor(Class c, Object... args) {
    for (Constructor m : c.getDeclaredConstructors()) {
      if (!nuObject_checkArgs(m.getParameterTypes(), args, false))
        continue;
      return m;
    }
    throw fail("Constructor " + c.getName() + getClasses(args) + " not found" + (args.length == 0 && (c.getModifiers() & java.lang.reflect.Modifier.STATIC) == 0 ? " - hint: it's a non-static class!" : ""));
  }

  static public boolean nuObject_checkArgs(Class[] types, Object[] args, boolean debug) {
    if (types.length != args.length) {
      if (debug)
        System.out.println("Bad parameter length: " + args.length + " vs " + types.length);
      return false;
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < types.length; i++) if (!(args[i] == null || isInstanceX(types[i], args[i]))) {
      if (debug)
        System.out.println("Bad parameter " + i + ": " + args[i] + " vs " + types[i]);
      return false;
    }
    return true;
  }

  static public String nullIfEmpty(String s) {
    return isEmpty(s) ? null : s;
  }

  static public <A, B> Map<A, B> nullIfEmpty(Map<A, B> map) {
    return isEmpty(map) ? null : map;
  }

  static public <A> List<A> nullIfEmpty(List<A> l) {
    return isEmpty(l) ? null : l;
  }

  static public Object callFunction(Object f, Object... args) {
    return callF(f, args);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> synchroList() {
    return Collections.synchronizedList(new ArrayList<A>());
  }

  static public <A> List<A> synchroList(List<A> l) {
    return Collections.synchronizedList(l);
  }

  static public PersistableThrowable persistableThrowable(Throwable e) {
    return e == null ? null : new PersistableThrowable(e);
  }

  static public Throwable innerException(Throwable e) {
    return getInnerException(e);
  }

  static public <A> ArrayList<A> cloneList(Iterable<A> l) {
    return l instanceof Collection ? cloneList((Collection) l) : asList(l);
  }

  static public <A> ArrayList<A> cloneList(Collection<A> l) {
    if (l == null)
      return new ArrayList();
    synchronized (collectionMutex(l)) {
      return new ArrayList<A>(l);
    }
  }

  static public String strUnnull(Object o) {
    return o == null ? "" : str(o);
  }

  static public String jlabel_textAsHTML_center_ifNeeded(String text) {
    if (swic(text, "<html>") && ewic(text, "</html>"))
      return text;
    if (!containsNewLines(text))
      return text;
    return jlabel_textAsHTML_center(text);
  }

  static public Object collectionMutex(List l) {
    return l;
  }

  static public Object collectionMutex(Object o) {
    if (o instanceof List)
      return o;
    String c = className(o);
    if (eq(c, "java.util.TreeMap$KeySet"))
      c = className(o = getOpt(o, "m"));
    else if (eq(c, "java.util.HashMap$KeySet"))
      c = className(o = get_raw(o, "this$0"));
    if (eqOneOf(c, "java.util.TreeMap$AscendingSubMap", "java.util.TreeMap$DescendingSubMap"))
      c = className(o = get_raw(o, "m"));
    return o;
  }

  static public int shorten_default = 100;

  static public String shorten(String s) {
    return shorten(s, shorten_default);
  }

  static public String shorten(String s, int max) {
    return shorten(s, max, "...");
  }

  static public String shorten(String s, int max, String shortener) {
    if (s == null)
      return "";
    if (max < 0)
      return s;
    return s.length() <= max ? s : substring(s, 0, min(s.length(), max - l(shortener))) + shortener;
  }

  static public String shorten(int max, String s) {
    return shorten(s, max);
  }

  static public TimerTask smartTimerTask(Object r, java.util.Timer timer, long delay) {
    return new SmartTimerTask(r, timer, delay, _threadInfo());
  }

  static public class SmartTimerTask extends TimerTask implements IFieldsToList {

    public Object r;

    public java.util.Timer timer;

    public long delay;

    public Object threadInfo;

    public SmartTimerTask() {
    }

    public SmartTimerTask(Object r, java.util.Timer timer, long delay, Object threadInfo) {
      this.threadInfo = threadInfo;
      this.delay = delay;
      this.timer = timer;
      this.r = r;
    }

    public String toString() {
      return shortClassName(this) + "(" + r + ", " + timer + ", " + delay + ", " + threadInfo + ")";
    }

    public Object[] _fieldsToList() {
      return new Object[] { r, timer, delay, threadInfo };
    }

    public long lastRun;

    public void run() {
      if (!licensed())
        timer.cancel();
      else {
        _threadInheritInfo(threadInfo);
        AutoCloseable __0 = tempActivity(r);
        try {
          lastRun = fixTimestamp(lastRun);
          long now = now();
          if (now >= lastRun + delay * 0.9) {
            lastRun = now;
            if (eq(false, pcallF(r)))
              timer.cancel();
          }
        } finally {
          _close(__0);
        }
      }
    }
  }

  static public <A> A vmBus_timerStarted(A timer) {
    vmBus_send("timerStarted", timer, costCenter());
    return timer;
  }

  static public boolean emptyString(String s) {
    return s == null || s.length() == 0;
  }

  static public Object dm_getStemByID(Object id) {
    return dm_callOS("getModuleByID", str(id));
  }

  static public Map<String, Set> vm_busListenersByMessage_live_cache;

  static public Map<String, Set> vm_busListenersByMessage_live() {
    if (vm_busListenersByMessage_live_cache == null)
      vm_busListenersByMessage_live_cache = vm_busListenersByMessage_live_load();
    return vm_busListenersByMessage_live_cache;
  }

  static public Map<String, Set> vm_busListenersByMessage_live_load() {
    return vm_generalHashMap("busListenersByMessage");
  }

  static public <A> Set<A> syncIdentityHashSet() {
    return (Set) synchronizedSet(identityHashSet());
  }

  static public <A> AutoCloseable tempAdd(final Collection<A> l, final A a) {
    if (l == null || l.contains(a))
      return null;
    l.add(a);
    return new AutoCloseable() {

      public String toString() {
        return "l.remove(a);";
      }

      public void close() throws Exception {
        l.remove(a);
      }
    };
  }

  static public boolean isInstanceX(Class type, Object arg) {
    if (type == boolean.class)
      return arg instanceof Boolean;
    if (type == int.class)
      return arg instanceof Integer;
    if (type == long.class)
      return arg instanceof Long;
    if (type == float.class)
      return arg instanceof Float;
    if (type == short.class)
      return arg instanceof Short;
    if (type == char.class)
      return arg instanceof Character;
    if (type == byte.class)
      return arg instanceof Byte;
    if (type == double.class)
      return arg instanceof Double;
    return type.isInstance(arg);
  }

  static public <A> A[] makeArray(Class<A> type, int n) {
    return (A[]) Array.newInstance(type, n);
  }

  static public Object first(Object list) {
    return first((Iterable) list);
  }

  static public <A> A first(List<A> list) {
    return empty(list) ? null : list.get(0);
  }

  static public <A> A first(A[] bla) {
    return bla == null || bla.length == 0 ? null : bla[0];
  }

  static public <A> A first(Iterator<A> i) {
    return i == null || !i.hasNext() ? null : i.next();
  }

  static public <A> A first(Iterable<A> i) {
    if (i == null)
      return null;
    Iterator<A> it = i.iterator();
    return it.hasNext() ? it.next() : null;
  }

  static public Character first(String s) {
    return empty(s) ? null : s.charAt(0);
  }

  static public String getStackTrace2(Throwable e) {
    return hideCredentials(getStackTrace(unwrapTrivialExceptionWraps(e)) + replacePrefix("java.lang.RuntimeException: ", "FAIL: ", hideCredentials(str(innerException2(e)))) + "\n");
  }

  static public String shortenSnippetID(String snippetID) {
    if (snippetID.startsWith("#"))
      snippetID = snippetID.substring(1);
    String httpBlaBla = "http://tinybrain.de/";
    if (snippetID.startsWith(httpBlaBla))
      snippetID = snippetID.substring(httpBlaBla.length());
    return "" + parseLong(snippetID);
  }

  static public Map emptyMap() {
    return new HashMap();
  }

  static public String dm_serviceModuleID(String serviceName) {
    return dm_moduleID(dm_getService(serviceName));
  }

  static public boolean isJavaIdentifier(String s) {
    if (empty(s) || !Character.isJavaIdentifierStart(s.charAt(0)))
      return false;
    for (int i = 1; i < s.length(); i++) if (!Character.isJavaIdentifierPart(s.charAt(i)))
      return false;
    return true;
  }

  static public Object vmBus_query(String msg, Object... args) {
    Object arg = vmBus_wrapArgs(args);
    {
      Object __1 = pcallFAll_returnFirstNotNull(vm_busListeners_live(), msg, arg);
      if (__1 != null)
        return __1;
    }
    return pcallFAll_returnFirstNotNull(vm_busListenersByMessage_live().get(msg), msg, arg);
  }

  static public Object vmBus_query(String msg) {
    return vmBus_query(msg, (Object) null);
  }

  static public String assertIdentifier(String s) {
    return assertIsIdentifier(s);
  }

  static public String assertIdentifier(String msg, String s) {
    return assertIsIdentifier(msg, s);
  }

  static public Object dm_os() {
    {
      Object __1 = vm_generalMap_get("stefansOS");
      if (__1 != null)
        return __1;
    }
    return creator();
  }

  static public Runnable asRunnable(Object o) {
    return toRunnable(o);
  }

  static public void _inheritThreadInfo(Object info) {
    _threadInheritInfo(info);
  }

  static public Map vm_generalMap_map;

  static public Map vm_generalMap() {
    if (vm_generalMap_map == null)
      vm_generalMap_map = (Map) get(javax(), "generalMap");
    return vm_generalMap_map;
  }

  static public <A> A swingNu(final Class<A> c, final Object... args) {
    return swingConstruct(c, args);
  }

  static public boolean contains(Collection c, Object o) {
    return c != null && c.contains(o);
  }

  static public boolean contains(Object[] x, Object o) {
    if (x != null)
      for (Object a : x) if (eq(a, o))
        return true;
    return false;
  }

  static public boolean contains(String s, char c) {
    return s != null && s.indexOf(c) >= 0;
  }

  static public boolean contains(String s, String b) {
    return s != null && s.indexOf(b) >= 0;
  }

  static public boolean contains(BitSet bs, int i) {
    return bs != null && bs.get(i);
  }

  static public Map<String, Class> classForName_cache = synchroHashMap();

  static public Class classForName(String name) {
    try {
      if (classForName_cache == null)
        return Class.forName(name);
      Class c = classForName_cache.get(name);
      if (c == null)
        classForName_cache.put(name, c = Class.forName(name));
      return c;
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public Map<Class, Constructor> nuObjectWithoutArguments_cache = newDangerousWeakHashMap();

  static public Object nuObjectWithoutArguments(String className) {
    try {
      return nuObjectWithoutArguments(classForName(className));
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public <A> A nuObjectWithoutArguments(Class<A> c) {
    try {
      if (nuObjectWithoutArguments_cache == null)
        return (A) nuObjectWithoutArguments_findConstructor(c).newInstance();
      Constructor m = nuObjectWithoutArguments_cache.get(c);
      if (m == null)
        nuObjectWithoutArguments_cache.put(c, m = nuObjectWithoutArguments_findConstructor(c));
      return (A) m.newInstance();
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public Constructor nuObjectWithoutArguments_findConstructor(Class c) {
    for (Constructor m : c.getDeclaredConstructors()) if (empty(m.getParameterTypes())) {
      makeAccessible(m);
      return m;
    }
    throw fail("No default constructor found in " + c.getName());
  }

  static public Field makeAccessible(Field f) {
    try {
      f.setAccessible(true);
    } catch (Throwable e) {
      vmBus_send("makeAccessible_error", e, f);
    }
    return f;
  }

  static public Method makeAccessible(Method m) {
    try {
      m.setAccessible(true);
    } catch (Throwable e) {
      vmBus_send("makeAccessible_error", e, m);
    }
    return m;
  }

  static public Constructor makeAccessible(Constructor c) {
    try {
      c.setAccessible(true);
    } catch (Throwable e) {
      vmBus_send("makeAccessible_error", e, c);
    }
    return c;
  }

  static public List<Class> getClasses(Object[] array) {
    List<Class> l = emptyList(l(array));
    for (Object o : array) l.add(_getClass(o));
    return l;
  }

  static public boolean isEmpty(Collection c) {
    return c == null || c.isEmpty();
  }

  static public boolean isEmpty(CharSequence s) {
    return s == null || s.length() == 0;
  }

  static public boolean isEmpty(Object[] a) {
    return a == null || a.length == 0;
  }

  static public boolean isEmpty(byte[] a) {
    return a == null || a.length == 0;
  }

  static public boolean isEmpty(Map map) {
    return map == null || map.isEmpty();
  }

  static public Throwable getInnerException(Throwable e) {
    if (e == null)
      return null;
    while (e.getCause() != null) e = e.getCause();
    return e;
  }

  static public Throwable getInnerException(Runnable r) {
    return getInnerException(getException(r));
  }

  static public boolean swic(String a, String b) {
    return startsWithIgnoreCase(a, b);
  }

  static public boolean swic(String a, String b, Matches m) {
    if (!swic(a, b))
      return false;
    m.m = new String[] { substring(a, l(b)) };
    return true;
  }

  static public boolean ewic(String a, String b) {
    return endsWithIgnoreCase(a, b);
  }

  static public boolean ewic(String a, String b, Matches m) {
    return endsWithIgnoreCase(a, b, m);
  }

  static public boolean containsNewLines(String s) {
    return containsNewLine(s);
  }

  static public String jlabel_textAsHTML_center(String text) {
    return "<html><div style=\"text-align: center;\">" + replace(htmlencode(text), "\n", "<br>") + "</div></html>";
  }

  static public String className(Object o) {
    return getClassName(o);
  }

  static public boolean eqOneOf(Object o, Object... l) {
    for (Object x : l) if (eq(o, x))
      return true;
    return false;
  }

  static public String shortClassName(Object o) {
    if (o == null)
      return null;
    Class c = o instanceof Class ? (Class) o : o.getClass();
    String name = c.getName();
    return shortenClassName(name);
  }

  static public AutoCloseable tempActivity(Object r) {
    return null;
  }

  static public long fixTimestamp(long timestamp) {
    return timestamp > now() ? 0 : timestamp;
  }

  static public long now_virtualTime;

  static public long now() {
    return now_virtualTime != 0 ? now_virtualTime : System.currentTimeMillis();
  }

  static public void vmBus_send(String msg, Object... args) {
    Object arg = vmBus_wrapArgs(args);
    pcallFAll(vm_busListeners_live(), msg, arg);
    pcallFAll(vm_busListenersByMessage_live().get(msg), msg, arg);
  }

  static public void vmBus_send(String msg) {
    vmBus_send(msg, (Object) null);
  }

  static public Object costCenter() {
    return mc();
  }

  static public <A> Set<A> synchronizedSet() {
    return synchroHashSet();
  }

  static public <A> Set<A> synchronizedSet(Set<A> set) {
    return Collections.synchronizedSet(set);
  }

  static public <A> Set<A> identityHashSet() {
    return Collections.newSetFromMap(new IdentityHashMap());
  }

  static public String hideCredentials(URL url) {
    return url == null ? null : hideCredentials(str(url));
  }

  static public String hideCredentials(String url) {
    try {
      if (startsWithOneOf(url, "http://", "https://") && isAGIBlueDomain(hostNameFromURL(url)))
        return url;
    } catch (Throwable e) {
      print("HideCredentials", e);
    }
    return url.replaceAll("([&?])(_pass|key)=[^&\\s\"]*", "$1$2=<hidden>");
  }

  static public String hideCredentials(Object o) {
    return hideCredentials(str(o));
  }

  static public String getStackTrace(Throwable throwable) {
    lastException(throwable);
    return getStackTrace_noRecord(throwable);
  }

  static public String getStackTrace_noRecord(Throwable throwable) {
    StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
    throwable.printStackTrace(new PrintWriter(writer));
    return hideCredentials(writer.toString());
  }

  static public String getStackTrace() {
    return getStackTrace_noRecord(new Throwable());
  }

  static public Throwable unwrapTrivialExceptionWraps(Throwable e) {
    if (e == null)
      return e;
    while (e.getClass() == RuntimeException.class && e.getCause() != null && eq(e.getMessage(), str(e.getCause()))) e = e.getCause();
    return e;
  }

  static public String replacePrefix(String prefix, String replacement, String s) {
    if (!startsWith(s, prefix))
      return s;
    return replacement + substring(s, l(prefix));
  }

  static public Throwable innerException2(Throwable e) {
    if (e == null)
      return null;
    while (empty(e.getMessage()) && e.getCause() != null) e = e.getCause();
    return e;
  }

  static public long parseLong(String s) {
    if (empty(s))
      return 0;
    return Long.parseLong(dropSuffix("L", s));
  }

  static public long parseLong(Object s) {
    return Long.parseLong((String) s);
  }

  static public Object vmBus_wrapArgs(Object... args) {
    return empty(args) ? null : l(args) == 1 ? args[0] : args;
  }

  static public Object pcallFAll_returnFirstNotNull(Collection l, Object... args) {
    if (l != null)
      for (Object f : cloneList(l)) {
        Object __1 = pcallF(f, args);
        if (__1 != null)
          return __1;
      }
    return null;
  }

  static public Object pcallFAll_returnFirstNotNull(Iterator it, Object... args) {
    while (it.hasNext()) {
      Object __2 = pcallF(it.next(), args);
      if (__2 != null)
        return __2;
    }
    return null;
  }

  static public Set vm_busListeners_live_cache;

  static public Set vm_busListeners_live() {
    if (vm_busListeners_live_cache == null)
      vm_busListeners_live_cache = vm_busListeners_live_load();
    return vm_busListeners_live_cache;
  }

  static public Set vm_busListeners_live_load() {
    return vm_generalIdentityHashSet("busListeners");
  }

  static public String assertIsIdentifier(String s) {
    if (!isIdentifier(s))
      throw fail("Not an identifier: " + quote(s));
    return s;
  }

  static public String assertIsIdentifier(String msg, String s) {
    if (!isIdentifier(s))
      throw fail(msg + " - Not an identifier: " + quote(s));
    return s;
  }

  static public Runnable toRunnable(final Object o) {
    if (o instanceof Runnable)
      return (Runnable) o;
    return new Runnable() {

      public void run() {
        try {
          callF(o);
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "callF(o)";
      }
    };
  }

  static public Map synchroHashMap() {
    return Collections.synchronizedMap(new HashMap());
  }

  static public Class<?> _getClass(String name) {
    try {
      return Class.forName(name);
    } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
      return null;
    }
  }

  static public Class _getClass(Object o) {
    return o == null ? null : o instanceof Class ? (Class) o : o.getClass();
  }

  static public Class _getClass(Object realm, String name) {
    try {
      return getClass(realm).getClassLoader().loadClass(classNameToVM(name));
    } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
      return null;
    }
  }

  static public Throwable getException(Runnable r) {
    try {
      callF(r);
      return null;
    } catch (Throwable e) {
      return e;
    }
  }

  static public boolean startsWithIgnoreCase(String a, String b) {
    return regionMatchesIC(a, 0, b, 0, b.length());
  }

  static public boolean endsWithIgnoreCase(String a, String b) {
    int la = l(a), lb = l(b);
    return la >= lb && regionMatchesIC(a, la - lb, b, 0, lb);
  }

  static public boolean endsWithIgnoreCase(String a, String b, Matches m) {
    if (!endsWithIgnoreCase(a, b))
      return false;
    m.m = new String[] { substring(a, 0, l(a) - l(b)) };
    return true;
  }

  static public boolean containsNewLine(String s) {
    return contains(s, '\n');
  }

  static public <A> List<A> replace(List<A> l, A a, A b) {
    for (int i = 0; i < l(l); i++) if (eq(l.get(i), a))
      l.set(i, b);
    return l;
  }

  static public <A> List<A> replace(A a, A b, List<A> l) {
    return replace(l, a, b);
  }

  static public String replace(String s, String a, String b) {
    return s == null ? null : a == null || b == null ? s : s.replace(a, b);
  }

  static public String replace(String s, char a, char b) {
    return s == null ? null : s.replace(a, b);
  }

  static public String htmlencode(Object o) {
    return htmlencode(str(o));
  }

  static public String htmlencode(String s) {
    if (s == null)
      return "";
    StringBuilder out = new StringBuilder(Math.max(16, s.length()));
    for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) {
      char c = s.charAt(i);
      if (c > 127 || c == '"' || c == '<' || c == '>' || c == '&') {
        int cp = s.codePointAt(i);
        out.append("&#x");
        out.append(intToHex_flexLength(cp));
        out.append(';');
        i += Character.charCount(cp) - 1;
      } else
        out.append(c);
    }
    return out.toString();
  }

  static public String shortenClassName(String name) {
    if (name == null)
      return null;
    int i = lastIndexOf(name, "$");
    if (i < 0)
      i = lastIndexOf(name, ".");
    return i < 0 ? name : substring(name, i + 1);
  }

  static public void pcallFAll(Collection l, Object... args) {
    if (l != null)
      for (Object f : cloneList(l)) pcallF(f, args);
  }

  static public void pcallFAll(Iterator it, Object... args) {
    while (it.hasNext()) pcallF(it.next(), args);
  }

  static public boolean startsWithOneOf(String s, String... l) {
    for (String x : l) if (startsWith(s, x))
      return true;
    return false;
  }

  static public boolean isAGIBlueDomain(String domain) {
    return domainIsUnder(domain, theAGIBlueDomain());
  }

  static public String hostNameFromURL(String url) {
    try {
      return new URL(url).getHost();
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static volatile public PersistableThrowable lastException_lastException;

  static public PersistableThrowable lastException() {
    return lastException_lastException;
  }

  static public void lastException(Throwable e) {
    lastException_lastException = persistableThrowable(e);
  }

  static public String dropSuffix(String suffix, String s) {
    return s.endsWith(suffix) ? s.substring(0, l(s) - l(suffix)) : s;
  }

  static public String quote(Object o) {
    if (o == null)
      return "null";
    return quote(str(o));
  }

  static public String quote(String s) {
    if (s == null)
      return "null";
    StringBuilder out = new StringBuilder((int) (l(s) * 1.5 + 2));
    quote_impl(s, out);
    return out.toString();
  }

  static public void quote_impl(String s, StringBuilder out) {
    out.append('"');
    int l = s.length();
    for (int i = 0; i < l; i++) {
      char c = s.charAt(i);
      if (c == '\\' || c == '"')
        out.append('\\').append(c);
      else if (c == '\r')
        out.append("\\r");
      else if (c == '\n')
        out.append("\\n");
      else if (c == '\0')
        out.append("\\0");
      else
        out.append(c);
    }
    out.append('"');
  }

  static public Class<?> getClass(String name) {
    try {
      return Class.forName(name);
    } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
      return null;
    }
  }

  static public Class getClass(Object o) {
    return o instanceof Class ? (Class) o : o.getClass();
  }

  static public Class getClass(Object realm, String name) {
    try {
      try {
        return getClass(realm).getClassLoader().loadClass(classNameToVM(name));
      } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
        return null;
      }
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public String classNameToVM(String name) {
    return name.replace(".", "$");
  }

  static public boolean regionMatchesIC(String a, int offsetA, String b, int offsetB, int len) {
    return a != null && a.regionMatches(true, offsetA, b, offsetB, len);
  }

  static public String intToHex_flexLength(int i) {
    return Integer.toHexString(i);
  }

  static public int lastIndexOf(String a, String b) {
    return a == null || b == null ? -1 : a.lastIndexOf(b);
  }

  static public int lastIndexOf(String a, char b) {
    return a == null ? -1 : a.lastIndexOf(b);
  }

  static public boolean domainIsUnder(String domain, String mainDomain) {
    return eqic(domain, mainDomain) || ewic(domain, "." + mainDomain);
  }

  static public String theAGIBlueDomain() {
    return "agi.blue";
  }

  static public boolean eqic(String a, String b) {
    if ((a == null) != (b == null))
      return false;
    if (a == null)
      return true;
    return a.equalsIgnoreCase(b);
  }

  static public boolean eqic(char a, char b) {
    if (a == b)
      return true;
    char u1 = Character.toUpperCase(a);
    char u2 = Character.toUpperCase(b);
    if (u1 == u2)
      return true;
    return Character.toLowerCase(u1) == Character.toLowerCase(u2);
  }

  static public String asString(Object o) {
    return o == null ? null : o.toString();
  }

  final static public class _MethodCache {

    final public Class c;

    final public HashMap<String, List<Method>> cache = new HashMap();

    public _MethodCache(Class c) {
      this.c = c;
      _init();
    }

    public void _init() {
      Class _c = c;
      while (_c != null) {
        for (Method m : _c.getDeclaredMethods()) if (!reflection_isForbiddenMethod(m))
          multiMapPut(cache, m.getName(), makeAccessible(m));
        _c = _c.getSuperclass();
      }
      for (Class intf : allInterfacesImplementedBy(c)) for (Method m : intf.getDeclaredMethods()) if (m.isDefault() && !reflection_isForbiddenMethod(m))
        multiMapPut(cache, m.getName(), makeAccessible(m));
    }

    public Method findMethod(String method, Object[] args) {
      try {
        List<Method> m = cache.get(method);
        if (m == null)
          return null;
        int n = m.size();
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
          Method me = m.get(i);
          if (call_checkArgs(me, args, false))
            return me;
        }
        return null;
      } catch (Exception __e) {
        throw rethrow(__e);
      }
    }

    public Method findStaticMethod(String method, Object[] args) {
      try {
        List<Method> m = cache.get(method);
        if (m == null)
          return null;
        int n = m.size();
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
          Method me = m.get(i);
          if (isStaticMethod(me) && call_checkArgs(me, args, false))
            return me;
        }
        return null;
      } catch (Exception __e) {
        throw rethrow(__e);
      }
    }
  }

  static public class Var<A> implements IVar<A> {

    public Var() {
    }

    public Var(A v) {
      this.v = v;
    }

    public A v;

    public synchronized void set(A a) {
      if (v != a) {
        v = a;
        notifyAll();
      }
    }

    public synchronized A get() {
      return v;
    }

    public synchronized boolean has() {
      return v != null;
    }

    public synchronized void clear() {
      v = null;
    }

    public String toString() {
      return str(get());
    }
  }

  static abstract public class LiveValue<A> {

    abstract public Class<A> getType();

    abstract public A get();

    abstract public void onChange(Runnable l);

    abstract public void removeOnChangeListener(Runnable l);

    public void onChangeAndNow(Runnable l) {
      onChange(l);
      callF(l);
    }
  }

  static abstract public class F2<A, B, C> {

    abstract public C get(A a, B b);
  }

  static public class RightAlignedLine extends JPanel {

    public RightAlignedLine(Component... components) {
      setLayout(LetterLayout.rightAlignedRow());
      for (Component component : components) add(component);
    }

    public void add(String text) {
      add(new JLabel(text));
    }
  }

  abstract static public class NotifyingList<A> extends NotifyingCollection<A> implements List<A> {

    public List<A> list;

    public NotifyingList() {
    }

    public NotifyingList(List<A> list) {
      super(list);
      this.list = list;
    }

    public List<A> subList(int i, int j) {
      throw todo();
    }

    public boolean equals(Object o) {
      if (this == o)
        return true;
      synchronized (this) {
        return list.equals(o);
      }
    }

    public int hashCode() {
      synchronized (this) {
        return list.hashCode();
      }
    }

    public A get(int index) {
      synchronized (this) {
        return list.get(index);
      }
    }

    public A set(int index, A element) {
      synchronized (this) {
        A a = list.set(index, element);
        change();
        return a;
      }
    }

    public void add(int index, A element) {
      synchronized (this) {
        list.add(index, element);
      }
      change();
    }

    public A remove(int index) {
      A e;
      synchronized (this) {
        e = list.remove(index);
      }
      change();
      return e;
    }

    public int indexOf(Object o) {
      synchronized (this) {
        return list.indexOf(o);
      }
    }

    public int lastIndexOf(Object o) {
      synchronized (this) {
        return list.lastIndexOf(o);
      }
    }

    public boolean addAll(int index, Collection<? extends A> c) {
      synchronized (this) {
        if (!list.addAll(index, c))
          return false;
      }
      change();
      return true;
    }

    public ListIterator<A> listIterator() {
      return list.listIterator();
    }

    public ListIterator<A> listIterator(int index) {
      return list.listIterator(index);
    }

    public void sort(Comparator<? super A> c) {
      synchronized (this) {
        list.sort(c);
      }
      change();
    }
  }

  static public interface IF0<A> {

    public A get();
  }

  static public class SimpleLiveValue<A> extends LiveValue<A> {

    public Class<A> type;

    volatile public A value;

    transient public List onChange = synchroList();

    public SimpleLiveValue(Class<A> type) {
      this.type = type;
    }

    public SimpleLiveValue(Class<A> type, A value) {
      this.value = value;
      this.type = type;
    }

    public Class<A> getType() {
      return type;
    }

    public A get() {
      return value;
    }

    public void onChange(Runnable l) {
      onChange.add(l);
    }

    public void onChangeAndNow(Runnable l) {
      onChange(l);
      callF(l);
    }

    public void removeOnChangeListener(Runnable l) {
      onChange.remove(l);
    }

    public void fireChanged() {
      pcallFAll(onChange);
    }

    public void set(A a) {
      if (neq(value, a)) {
        value = a;
        fireChanged();
      }
    }
  }

  static public interface IFieldsToList {

    public Object[] _fieldsToList();
  }

  static public interface IF2<A, B, C> {

    public C get(A a, B b);
  }

  static public class StreamSoundToAPlay implements AutoCloseable {

    public Process process;

    public InputStream in;

    public OutputStream out;

    public int sampleRate = 44100, channels = 2, bits = 16;

    public int bufSizeMS = 0;

    public double duration = yearsToSeconds(1);

    public GSWavFile wavStream;

    public long frameCounter = 0;

    public void start() {
      try {
        assertOnPATH("aplay");
        Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("aplay" + (bufSizeMS == 0 ? "" : " -B " + bufSizeMS));
        drainStreamInNewThread(process.getInputStream());
        drainStreamInNewThread(process.getErrorStream());
        out = process.getOutputStream();
        long numFrames = (long) (duration * sampleRate);
        wavStream = GSWavFile.newWavFile(out, null, channels, numFrames, bits, sampleRate);
      } catch (Exception __e) {
        throw rethrow(__e);
      }
    }

    public void writeSamples(short[] samples) {
      try {
        if (samples != null)
          for (short x : samples) {
            wavStream.writeSample(x);
            ++frameCounter;
          }
      } catch (Exception __e) {
        throw rethrow(__e);
      }
    }

    public void close() {
      {
        cleanUp(wavStream);
        wavStream = null;
      }
    }
  }

  static public class WAVDecoder implements AutoCloseable {

    public EndianDataInputStream in;

    public int channels;

    public float sampleRate;

    public boolean ignoreSampleRate = true;

    public boolean twentyFourBit = false;

    public int specifiedDataLength;

    public int remainingDataBytes;

    static public int defaultBufferSize = 128 * 1024;

    public WAVDecoder(InputStream stream) {
      try {
        in = new EndianDataInputStream(new BufferedInputStream(stream, defaultBufferSize));
        if (!in.read4ByteString().equals("RIFF"))
          throw new IllegalArgumentException("not a wav");
        in.readIntLittleEndian();
        if (!in.read4ByteString().equals("WAVE"))
          throw new IllegalArgumentException("expected WAVE tag");
        String s = in.read4ByteString();
        if (eq(s, "bext")) {
          in.skip(in.readIntLittleEndian());
          s = in.read4ByteString();
        }
        if (!s.equals("fmt "))
          throw new IllegalArgumentException("expected fmt tag, got: " + s);
        if (in.readIntLittleEndian() != 16)
          throw new IllegalArgumentException("expected wave chunk size to be 16");
        int format;
        if ((format = in.readShortLittleEndian()) != 1)
          throw new IllegalArgumentException("expected format to be 1, got: " + format);
        channels = in.readShortLittleEndian();
        sampleRate = in.readIntLittleEndian();
        if (sampleRate != 44100)
          if (ignoreSampleRate) {
          } else
            throw fail("Not 44100 sampling rate: " + sampleRate);
        in.readIntLittleEndian();
        in.readShortLittleEndian();
        int fmt = in.readShortLittleEndian();
        if (fmt == 24)
          twentyFourBit = true;
        else if (fmt != 16)
          throw fail("Only 16/24-bit samples supported: " + fmt);
        String tag;
        while (!(tag = in.read4ByteString()).equals("data")) {
          int len = in.readIntLittleEndian();
          in.skip(len);
        }
        remainingDataBytes = specifiedDataLength = in.readIntLittleEndian();
      } catch (Exception __e) {
        throw rethrow(__e);
      }
    }

    public int readMonoSamples(short[] samples) {
      int readSamples = 0, n = samples.length;
      for (int i = 0; i < n && remainingDataBytes > 0; i++) {
        double sample = 0;
        try {
          for (int j = 0; j < channels; j++) sample += readSample();
          sample /= channels;
          samples[i] = (short) iround(max(-32768, min(32767, sample)));
          readSamples++;
        } catch (Exception ex) {
          break;
        }
      }
      return readSamples;
    }

    public int readStereoSamples(short[] samples) {
      int readSamples = 0, n = samples.length;
      for (int i = 0; i < n && remainingDataBytes > 0; i += 2) {
        double sample = 0;
        try {
          short left = readSample();
          short right;
          if (channels > 1)
            right = readSample();
          else
            right = left;
          samples[i] = left;
          samples[i + 1] = right;
          readSamples += 2;
        } catch (Exception ex) {
          break;
        }
      }
      return readSamples;
    }

    public short readSample() {
      try {
        if (twentyFourBit) {
          --remainingDataBytes;
          in.read();
        }
        remainingDataBytes -= 2;
        return in.readShortLittleEndian();
      } catch (Exception __e) {
        throw rethrow(__e);
      }
    }

    public void close() {
      try {
        in.close();
      } catch (Exception __e) {
        throw rethrow(__e);
      }
    }
  }

  static public class FixedRateTimer extends java.util.Timer {

    public FixedRateTimer() {
      this(false);
    }

    public FixedRateTimer(boolean daemon) {
      this(defaultTimerName(), daemon);
    }

    public FixedRateTimer(String name) {
      this(name, false);
    }

    public FixedRateTimer(String name, boolean daemon) {
      super(name, daemon);
      _registerTimer(this);
    }

    public List<Entry> entries = synchroList();

    static public class Entry implements IFieldsToList {

      public TimerTask task;

      public long firstTime;

      public long period;

      public Entry() {
      }

      public Entry(TimerTask task, long firstTime, long period) {
        this.period = period;
        this.firstTime = firstTime;
        this.task = task;
      }

      public String toString() {
        return shortClassName(this) + "(" + task + ", " + firstTime + ", " + period + ")";
      }

      public Object[] _fieldsToList() {
        return new Object[] { task, firstTime, period };
      }
    }

    public void scheduleAtFixedRate(TimerTask task, long delay, long period) {
      entries.add(new Entry(task, now() + delay, period));
      super.scheduleAtFixedRate(task, delay, period);
    }

    public void cancel() {
      entries.clear();
      super.cancel();
    }

    public int purge() {
      entries.clear();
      return super.purge();
    }

    public FixedRateTimer changeRate(int newPeriod) {
      Object r = ((SmartTimerTask) first(entries).task).r;
      cancel();
      return doEvery(newPeriod, r);
    }
  }

  abstract static public class NotifyingCollection<E> extends AbstractCollection<E> implements Collection<E> {

    public Collection<E> c;

    public NotifyingCollection() {
    }

    public NotifyingCollection(Collection<E> c) {
      this.c = c;
    }

    public int size() {
      synchronized (this) {
        return c.size();
      }
    }

    public boolean isEmpty() {
      synchronized (this) {
        return c.isEmpty();
      }
    }

    public boolean contains(Object o) {
      synchronized (this) {
        return c.contains(o);
      }
    }

    public Object[] toArray() {
      synchronized (this) {
        return c.toArray();
      }
    }

    public <T> T[] toArray(T[] a) {
      synchronized (this) {
        return c.toArray(a);
      }
    }

    public Iterator<E> iterator() {
      return c.iterator();
    }

    public boolean add(E e) {
      synchronized (this) {
        if (!c.add(e))
          return false;
      }
      change();
      return true;
    }

    public boolean remove(Object o) {
      synchronized (this) {
        if (!c.remove(o))
          return false;
      }
      change();
      return true;
    }

    public boolean containsAll(Collection<?> coll) {
      synchronized (this) {
        return c.containsAll(coll);
      }
    }

    public boolean addAll(Collection<? extends E> coll) {
      synchronized (this) {
        if (!c.addAll(coll))
          return false;
      }
      change();
      return true;
    }

    public boolean removeAll(Collection<?> coll) {
      synchronized (this) {
        if (!c.removeAll(coll))
          return false;
      }
      change();
      return true;
    }

    public boolean retainAll(Collection<?> coll) {
      synchronized (this) {
        if (!c.retainAll(coll))
          return false;
      }
      change();
      return true;
    }

    public void clear() {
      synchronized (this) {
        c.clear();
      }
      change();
    }

    public String toString() {
      synchronized (this) {
        return c.toString();
      }
    }

    @Override
    public Spliterator<E> spliterator() {
      return c.spliterator();
    }

    abstract public void change();

    public Collection<E> unwrap() {
      return c;
    }
  }

  static public class EndianDataInputStream extends DataInputStream {

    public EndianDataInputStream(InputStream in) {
      super(in);
    }

    public String read4ByteString() {
      try {
        byte[] bytes = new byte[4];
        readFully(bytes);
        return new String(bytes, "US-ASCII");
      } catch (Exception __e) {
        throw rethrow(__e);
      }
    }

    public short readShortLittleEndian() {
      try {
        int result = readUnsignedByte();
        result |= readUnsignedByte() << 8;
        return (short) result;
      } catch (Exception __e) {
        throw rethrow(__e);
      }
    }

    public int readIntLittleEndian() {
      try {
        int result = readUnsignedByte();
        result |= readUnsignedByte() << 8;
        result |= readUnsignedByte() << 16;
        result |= readUnsignedByte() << 24;
        return result;
      } catch (Exception __e) {
        throw rethrow(__e);
      }
    }

    public int readInt24BitLittleEndian() {
      try {
        int result = readUnsignedByte();
        result |= readUnsignedByte() << 8;
        result |= readUnsignedByte() << 16;
        if ((result & (1 << 23)) == 8388608)
          result |= 0xff000000;
        return result;
      } catch (Exception __e) {
        throw rethrow(__e);
      }
    }

    public int readInt24Bit() {
      try {
        int result = readUnsignedByte() << 16;
        result |= readUnsignedByte() << 8;
        result |= readUnsignedByte();
        return result;
      } catch (Exception __e) {
        throw rethrow(__e);
      }
    }
  }

  static public class GSWavFile implements AutoCloseable {

    private enum IOState {

      READING, WRITING, CLOSED
    }

    final static public int BUFFER_SIZE = 4096;

    final static public int FMT_CHUNK_ID = 0x20746D66;

    final static public int DATA_CHUNK_ID = 0x61746164;

    final static public int RIFF_CHUNK_ID = 0x46464952;

    final static public int RIFF_TYPE_ID = 0x45564157;

    public File file;

    public IOState ioState;

    public int bytesPerSample;

    public long numFrames;

    public OutputStream oStream;

    public FileInputStream iStream;

    public double floatScale;

    public double floatOffset;

    public boolean wordAlignAdjust = false;

    public int numChannels;

    public long sampleRate;

    public int blockAlign;

    public int validBits;

    public byte[] buffer;

    public int bufferPointer;

    public int bytesRead;

    public long frameCounter;

    public GSWavFile() {
      buffer = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE];
    }

    public int getNumChannels() {
      return numChannels;
    }

    public long getNumFrames() {
      return numFrames;
    }

    public long getFramesRemaining() {
      return numFrames - frameCounter;
    }

    public long getSampleRate() {
      return sampleRate;
    }

    public int getValidBits() {
      return validBits;
    }

    public static GSWavFile newWavFile(File file, int numChannels, long numFrames, int validBits, long sampleRate) throws IOException {
      return newWavFile(null, file, numChannels, numFrames, validBits, sampleRate);
    }

    public static GSWavFile newWavFile(OutputStream oStream, File file, int numChannels, long numFrames, int validBits, long sampleRate) throws IOException {
      GSWavFile wavFile = new GSWavFile();
      wavFile.file = file;
      wavFile.numChannels = numChannels;
      wavFile.numFrames = numFrames;
      wavFile.sampleRate = sampleRate;
      wavFile.bytesPerSample = (validBits + 7) / 8;
      wavFile.blockAlign = wavFile.bytesPerSample * numChannels;
      wavFile.validBits = validBits;
      if (numChannels < 1 || numChannels > 65535)
        throw new RuntimeException("Illegal number of channels, valid range 1 to 65536");
      if (numFrames < 0)
        throw new RuntimeException("Number of frames must be positive");
      if (validBits < 2 || validBits > 65535)
        throw new RuntimeException("Illegal number of valid bits, valid range 2 to 65536");
      if (sampleRate < 0)
        throw new RuntimeException("Sample rate must be positive");
      wavFile.oStream = oStream != null ? oStream : new FileOutputStream(file);
      long dataChunkSize = wavFile.blockAlign * numFrames;
      long mainChunkSize = 4 + 8 + 16 + 8 + dataChunkSize;
      if (dataChunkSize % 2 == 1) {
        mainChunkSize += 1;
        wavFile.wordAlignAdjust = true;
      } else {
        wavFile.wordAlignAdjust = false;
      }
      putLE(RIFF_CHUNK_ID, wavFile.buffer, 0, 4);
      putLE(mainChunkSize, wavFile.buffer, 4, 4);
      putLE(RIFF_TYPE_ID, wavFile.buffer, 8, 4);
      wavFile.oStream.write(wavFile.buffer, 0, 12);
      long averageBytesPerSecond = sampleRate * wavFile.blockAlign;
      putLE(FMT_CHUNK_ID, wavFile.buffer, 0, 4);
      putLE(16, wavFile.buffer, 4, 4);
      putLE(1, wavFile.buffer, 8, 2);
      putLE(numChannels, wavFile.buffer, 10, 2);
      putLE(sampleRate, wavFile.buffer, 12, 4);
      putLE(averageBytesPerSecond, wavFile.buffer, 16, 4);
      putLE(wavFile.blockAlign, wavFile.buffer, 20, 2);
      putLE(validBits, wavFile.buffer, 22, 2);
      wavFile.oStream.write(wavFile.buffer, 0, 24);
      putLE(DATA_CHUNK_ID, wavFile.buffer, 0, 4);
      putLE(dataChunkSize, wavFile.buffer, 4, 4);
      wavFile.oStream.write(wavFile.buffer, 0, 8);
      if (wavFile.validBits > 8) {
        wavFile.floatOffset = 0;
        wavFile.floatScale = Long.MAX_VALUE >> (64 - wavFile.validBits);
      } else {
        wavFile.floatOffset = 1;
        wavFile.floatScale = 0.5 * ((1 << wavFile.validBits) - 1);
      }
      wavFile.bufferPointer = 0;
      wavFile.bytesRead = 0;
      wavFile.frameCounter = 0;
      wavFile.ioState = IOState.WRITING;
      return wavFile;
    }

    public static GSWavFile openWavFile(File file) throws IOException, RuntimeException {
      GSWavFile wavFile = new GSWavFile();
      wavFile.file = file;
      wavFile.iStream = new FileInputStream(file);
      int bytesRead = wavFile.iStream.read(wavFile.buffer, 0, 12);
      if (bytesRead != 12)
        throw new RuntimeException("Not enough wav file bytes for header");
      long riffChunkID = getLE(wavFile.buffer, 0, 4);
      long chunkSize = getLE(wavFile.buffer, 4, 4);
      long riffTypeID = getLE(wavFile.buffer, 8, 4);
      if (riffChunkID != RIFF_CHUNK_ID)
        throw new RuntimeException("Invalid Wav Header data, incorrect riff chunk ID");
      if (riffTypeID != RIFF_TYPE_ID)
        throw new RuntimeException("Invalid Wav Header data, incorrect riff type ID");
      if (file.length() != chunkSize + 8) {
        throw new RuntimeException("Header chunk size (" + chunkSize + ") does not match file size (" + file.length() + ")");
      }
      boolean foundFormat = false;
      boolean foundData = false;
      while (true) {
        bytesRead = wavFile.iStream.read(wavFile.buffer, 0, 8);
        if (bytesRead == -1)
          throw new RuntimeException("Reached end of file without finding format chunk");
        if (bytesRead != 8)
          throw new RuntimeException("Could not read chunk header");
        long chunkID = getLE(wavFile.buffer, 0, 4);
        chunkSize = getLE(wavFile.buffer, 4, 4);
        long numChunkBytes = (chunkSize % 2 == 1) ? chunkSize + 1 : chunkSize;
        if (chunkID == FMT_CHUNK_ID) {
          foundFormat = true;
          bytesRead = wavFile.iStream.read(wavFile.buffer, 0, 16);
          int compressionCode = (int) getLE(wavFile.buffer, 0, 2);
          if (compressionCode != 1)
            throw new RuntimeException("Compression Code " + compressionCode + " not supported");
          wavFile.numChannels = (int) getLE(wavFile.buffer, 2, 2);
          wavFile.sampleRate = getLE(wavFile.buffer, 4, 4);
          wavFile.blockAlign = (int) getLE(wavFile.buffer, 12, 2);
          wavFile.validBits = (int) getLE(wavFile.buffer, 14, 2);
          if (wavFile.numChannels == 0)
            throw new RuntimeException("Number of channels specified in header is equal to zero");
          if (wavFile.blockAlign == 0)
            throw new RuntimeException("Block Align specified in header is equal to zero");
          if (wavFile.validBits < 2)
            throw new RuntimeException("Valid Bits specified in header is less than 2");
          if (wavFile.validBits > 64)
            throw new RuntimeException("Valid Bits specified in header is greater than 64, this is greater than a long can hold");
          wavFile.bytesPerSample = (wavFile.validBits + 7) / 8;
          if (wavFile.bytesPerSample * wavFile.numChannels != wavFile.blockAlign)
            throw new RuntimeException("Block Align does not agree with bytes required for validBits and number of channels");
          numChunkBytes -= 16;
          if (numChunkBytes > 0)
            wavFile.iStream.skip(numChunkBytes);
        } else if (chunkID == DATA_CHUNK_ID) {
          if (foundFormat == false)
            throw new RuntimeException("Data chunk found before Format chunk");
          if (chunkSize % wavFile.blockAlign != 0)
            throw new RuntimeException("Data Chunk size is not multiple of Block Align");
          wavFile.numFrames = chunkSize / wavFile.blockAlign;
          foundData = true;
          break;
        } else {
          wavFile.iStream.skip(numChunkBytes);
        }
      }
      if (foundData == false)
        throw new RuntimeException("Did not find a data chunk");
      if (wavFile.validBits > 8) {
        wavFile.floatOffset = 0;
        wavFile.floatScale = 1 << (wavFile.validBits - 1);
      } else {
        wavFile.floatOffset = -1;
        wavFile.floatScale = 0.5 * ((1 << wavFile.validBits) - 1);
      }
      wavFile.bufferPointer = 0;
      wavFile.bytesRead = 0;
      wavFile.frameCounter = 0;
      wavFile.ioState = IOState.READING;
      return wavFile;
    }

    static public long getLE(byte[] buffer, int pos, int numBytes) {
      numBytes--;
      pos += numBytes;
      long val = buffer[pos] & 0xFF;
      for (int b = 0; b < numBytes; b++) val = (val << 8) + (buffer[--pos] & 0xFF);
      return val;
    }

    static public void putLE(long val, byte[] buffer, int pos, int numBytes) {
      for (int b = 0; b < numBytes; b++) {
        buffer[pos] = (byte) (val & 0xFF);
        val >>= 8;
        pos++;
      }
    }

    final public void writeSample(long val) throws IOException {
      for (int b = 0; b < bytesPerSample; b++) {
        if (bufferPointer == BUFFER_SIZE) {
          oStream.write(buffer, 0, BUFFER_SIZE);
          bufferPointer = 0;
        }
        buffer[bufferPointer] = (byte) (val & 0xFF);
        val >>= 8;
        bufferPointer++;
      }
    }

    final public long readSample() throws IOException, RuntimeException {
      long val = 0;
      for (int b = 0; b < bytesPerSample; b++) {
        if (bufferPointer == bytesRead) {
          int read = iStream.read(buffer, 0, BUFFER_SIZE);
          if (read == -1)
            throw new RuntimeException("Not enough data available");
          bytesRead = read;
          bufferPointer = 0;
        }
        int v = buffer[bufferPointer];
        if (b < bytesPerSample - 1 || bytesPerSample == 1)
          v &= 0xFF;
        val += v << (b * 8);
        bufferPointer++;
      }
      return val;
    }

    public int readFrames(int[] sampleBuffer, int numFramesToRead) throws IOException, RuntimeException {
      return readFrames(sampleBuffer, 0, numFramesToRead);
    }

    public int readFrames(int[] sampleBuffer, int offset, int numFramesToRead) throws IOException, RuntimeException {
      if (ioState != IOState.READING)
        throw new IOException("Cannot read from GSWavFile instance");
      for (int f = 0; f < numFramesToRead; f++) {
        if (frameCounter == numFrames)
          return f;
        for (int c = 0; c < numChannels; c++) {
          sampleBuffer[offset] = (int) readSample();
          offset++;
        }
        frameCounter++;
      }
      return numFramesToRead;
    }

    public int readFrames(int[][] sampleBuffer, int numFramesToRead) throws IOException, RuntimeException {
      return readFrames(sampleBuffer, 0, numFramesToRead);
    }

    public int readFrames(int[][] sampleBuffer, int offset, int numFramesToRead) throws IOException, RuntimeException {
      if (ioState != IOState.READING)
        throw new IOException("Cannot read from GSWavFile instance");
      for (int f = 0; f < numFramesToRead; f++) {
        if (frameCounter == numFrames)
          return f;
        for (int c = 0; c < numChannels; c++) sampleBuffer[c][offset] = (int) readSample();
        offset++;
        frameCounter++;
      }
      return numFramesToRead;
    }

    public int writeFrames(int[] sampleBuffer, int numFramesToWrite) throws IOException, RuntimeException {
      return writeFrames(sampleBuffer, 0, numFramesToWrite);
    }

    public int writeFrames(int[] sampleBuffer, int offset, int numFramesToWrite) throws IOException, RuntimeException {
      if (ioState != IOState.WRITING)
        throw new IOException("Cannot write to GSWavFile instance");
      for (int f = 0; f < numFramesToWrite; f++) {
        if (frameCounter == numFrames)
          return f;
        for (int c = 0; c < numChannels; c++) {
          writeSample(sampleBuffer[offset]);
          offset++;
        }
        frameCounter++;
      }
      return numFramesToWrite;
    }

    public int writeFrames(int[][] sampleBuffer, int numFramesToWrite) throws IOException, RuntimeException {
      return writeFrames(sampleBuffer, 0, numFramesToWrite);
    }

    public int writeFrames(int[][] sampleBuffer, int offset, int numFramesToWrite) throws IOException, RuntimeException {
      if (ioState != IOState.WRITING)
        throw new IOException("Cannot write to GSWavFile instance");
      for (int f = 0; f < numFramesToWrite; f++) {
        if (frameCounter == numFrames)
          return f;
        for (int c = 0; c < numChannels; c++) writeSample(sampleBuffer[c][offset]);
        offset++;
        frameCounter++;
      }
      return numFramesToWrite;
    }

    public int readFrames(long[] sampleBuffer, int numFramesToRead) throws IOException, RuntimeException {
      return readFrames(sampleBuffer, 0, numFramesToRead);
    }

    public int readFrames(long[] sampleBuffer, int offset, int numFramesToRead) throws IOException, RuntimeException {
      if (ioState != IOState.READING)
        throw new IOException("Cannot read from GSWavFile instance");
      for (int f = 0; f < numFramesToRead; f++) {
        if (frameCounter == numFrames)
          return f;
        for (int c = 0; c < numChannels; c++) {
          sampleBuffer[offset] = readSample();
          offset++;
        }
        frameCounter++;
      }
      return numFramesToRead;
    }

    public int readFrames(long[][] sampleBuffer, int numFramesToRead) throws IOException, RuntimeException {
      return readFrames(sampleBuffer, 0, numFramesToRead);
    }

    public int readFrames(long[][] sampleBuffer, int offset, int numFramesToRead) throws IOException, RuntimeException {
      if (ioState != IOState.READING)
        throw new IOException("Cannot read from GSWavFile instance");
      for (int f = 0; f < numFramesToRead; f++) {
        if (frameCounter == numFrames)
          return f;
        for (int c = 0; c < numChannels; c++) sampleBuffer[c][offset] = readSample();
        offset++;
        frameCounter++;
      }
      return numFramesToRead;
    }

    public int writeFrames(long[] sampleBuffer, int numFramesToWrite) throws IOException, RuntimeException {
      return writeFrames(sampleBuffer, 0, numFramesToWrite);
    }

    public int writeFrames(long[] sampleBuffer, int offset, int numFramesToWrite) throws IOException, RuntimeException {
      if (ioState != IOState.WRITING)
        throw new IOException("Cannot write to GSWavFile instance");
      for (int f = 0; f < numFramesToWrite; f++) {
        if (frameCounter == numFrames)
          return f;
        for (int c = 0; c < numChannels; c++) {
          writeSample(sampleBuffer[offset]);
          offset++;
        }
        frameCounter++;
      }
      return numFramesToWrite;
    }

    public int writeFrames(long[][] sampleBuffer, int numFramesToWrite) throws IOException, RuntimeException {
      return writeFrames(sampleBuffer, 0, numFramesToWrite);
    }

    public int writeFrames(long[][] sampleBuffer, int offset, int numFramesToWrite) throws IOException, RuntimeException {
      if (ioState != IOState.WRITING)
        throw new IOException("Cannot write to GSWavFile instance");
      for (int f = 0; f < numFramesToWrite; f++) {
        if (frameCounter == numFrames)
          return f;
        for (int c = 0; c < numChannels; c++) writeSample(sampleBuffer[c][offset]);
        offset++;
        frameCounter++;
      }
      return numFramesToWrite;
    }

    public int readFrames(double[] sampleBuffer, int numFramesToRead) throws IOException, RuntimeException {
      return readFrames(sampleBuffer, 0, numFramesToRead);
    }

    public int readFrames(double[] sampleBuffer, int offset, int numFramesToRead) throws IOException, RuntimeException {
      if (ioState != IOState.READING)
        throw new IOException("Cannot read from GSWavFile instance");
      for (int f = 0; f < numFramesToRead; f++) {
        if (frameCounter == numFrames)
          return f;
        for (int c = 0; c < numChannels; c++) {
          sampleBuffer[offset] = floatOffset + (double) readSample() / floatScale;
          offset++;
        }
        frameCounter++;
      }
      return numFramesToRead;
    }

    public int readFrames(double[][] sampleBuffer, int numFramesToRead) throws IOException, RuntimeException {
      return readFrames(sampleBuffer, 0, numFramesToRead);
    }

    public int readFrames(double[][] sampleBuffer, int offset, int numFramesToRead) throws IOException, RuntimeException {
      if (ioState != IOState.READING)
        throw new IOException("Cannot read from GSWavFile instance");
      for (int f = 0; f < numFramesToRead; f++) {
        if (frameCounter == numFrames)
          return f;
        for (int c = 0; c < numChannels; c++) sampleBuffer[c][offset] = floatOffset + (double) readSample() / floatScale;
        offset++;
        frameCounter++;
      }
      return numFramesToRead;
    }

    public int writeFrames(double[] sampleBuffer, int numFramesToWrite) throws IOException, RuntimeException {
      return writeFrames(sampleBuffer, 0, numFramesToWrite);
    }

    public int writeFrames(double[] sampleBuffer, int offset, int numFramesToWrite) throws IOException, RuntimeException {
      if (ioState != IOState.WRITING)
        throw new IOException("Cannot write to GSWavFile instance");
      for (int f = 0; f < numFramesToWrite; f++) {
        if (frameCounter == numFrames)
          return f;
        for (int c = 0; c < numChannels; c++) {
          writeSample((long) (floatScale * (floatOffset + sampleBuffer[offset])));
          offset++;
        }
        frameCounter++;
      }
      return numFramesToWrite;
    }

    public int writeFrames(double[][] sampleBuffer, int numFramesToWrite) throws IOException, RuntimeException {
      return writeFrames(sampleBuffer, 0, numFramesToWrite);
    }

    public int writeFrames(double[][] sampleBuffer, int offset, int numFramesToWrite) throws IOException, RuntimeException {
      if (ioState != IOState.WRITING)
        throw new IOException("Cannot write to GSWavFile instance");
      for (int f = 0; f < numFramesToWrite; f++) {
        if (frameCounter == numFrames)
          return f;
        for (int c = 0; c < numChannels; c++) writeSample((long) (floatScale * (floatOffset + sampleBuffer[c][offset])));
        offset++;
        frameCounter++;
      }
      return numFramesToWrite;
    }

    public void close() throws IOException {
      if (iStream != null) {
        iStream.close();
        iStream = null;
      }
      if (oStream != null) {
        if (bufferPointer > 0)
          oStream.write(buffer, 0, bufferPointer);
        if (wordAlignAdjust)
          oStream.write(0);
        oStream.close();
        oStream = null;
      }
      ioState = IOState.CLOSED;
    }

    public void display() {
      display(System.out);
    }

    public void display(PrintStream out) {
      out.printf("File: %s\n", file);
      out.printf("Channels: %d, Frames: %d\n", numChannels, numFrames);
      out.printf("IO State: %s\n", ioState);
      out.printf("Sample Rate: %d, Block Align: %d\n", sampleRate, blockAlign);
      out.printf("Valid Bits: %d, Bytes per sample: %d\n", validBits, bytesPerSample);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
      if (args.length < 1) {
        System.err.println("Must supply filename");
        System.exit(1);
      }
      try {
        for (String filename : args) {
          GSWavFile readWavFile = openWavFile(new File(filename));
          readWavFile.display();
          long numFrames = readWavFile.getNumFrames();
          int numChannels = readWavFile.getNumChannels();
          int validBits = readWavFile.getValidBits();
          long sampleRate = readWavFile.getSampleRate();
          GSWavFile writeWavFile = newWavFile(new File("out.wav"), numChannels, numFrames, validBits, sampleRate);
          final int BUF_SIZE = 5001;
          double[] buffer = new double[BUF_SIZE * numChannels];
          int framesRead = 0;
          int framesWritten = 0;
          do {
            framesRead = readWavFile.readFrames(buffer, BUF_SIZE);
            framesWritten = writeWavFile.writeFrames(buffer, BUF_SIZE);
            System.out.printf("%d %d\n", framesRead, framesWritten);
          } while (framesRead != 0);
          readWavFile.close();
          writeWavFile.close();
        }
        GSWavFile writeWavFile = newWavFile(new File("out2.wav"), 1, 10, 23, 44100);
        double[] buffer = new double[10];
        writeWavFile.writeFrames(buffer, 10);
        writeWavFile.close();
      } catch (Exception e) {
        System.err.println(e);
        e.printStackTrace();
      }
    }
  }

  static public interface IVar<A> {

    public void set(A a);

    public A get();

    default public boolean has() {
      return get() != null;
    }

    default public void clear() {
      set(null);
    }
  }

  static public class LetterLayout implements LayoutManager {

    public String[] lines;

    public Map<String, Component> map = new TreeMap<String, Component>();

    public RC[] rows;

    public RC[] cols;

    public Cell[][] cells;

    public int spacingX = 10, spacingY = 10;

    public int insetTop, insetBottom, insetLeft, insetRight;

    public int template;

    public boolean formWideLeftSide, formWideRightSide;

    static final public int STALACTITE = 1, LEFT_ALIGNED_ROW = 2, CENTERED_ROW = 3, FORM = 4, RIGHT_ALIGNED_ROW = 5;

    public boolean debug = false;

    public void setLeftBorder(int border) {
      insetLeft = border;
    }

    public void setRightBorder(int border) {
      insetRight = border;
    }

    public static JComponent withBorder(JComponent component, int border) {
      JPanel panel = new JPanel(new LetterLayout("C").setBorder(border));
      panel.add("C", component);
      return panel;
    }

    public static JPanel panel(String... lines) {
      return new JPanel(new LetterLayout(lines));
    }

    public static JPanel stalactitePanel() {
      return new JPanel(stalactite());
    }

    static public class DummyComponent extends JComponent {
    }

    static public class Cell {

      public boolean aux = false;

      public int minWidth, minHeight;

      public Component component;

      public int colspan, rowspan;

      public double weightX, weightY;
    }

    static public class RC {

      public int min;

      public double weightSum;

      public int start;

      public int minEnd;
    }

    public LetterLayout(int template) {
      this.template = template;
    }

    public LetterLayout(String... lines) {
      this.lines = lines;
    }

    public void removeLayoutComponent(Component component) {
      map.values().remove(component);
    }

    public void layoutContainer(Container container) {
      prepareLayout(container);
      if (debug)
        System.out.println("Container size: " + container.getSize());
      Insets insets = getInsets(container);
      for (int r = 0; r < rows.length; r++) {
        for (int i = 0; i < cols.length; ) {
          Cell cell = cells[i][r];
          if (cell.aux)
            ++i;
          else {
            if (cell.component != null) {
              int x1 = cols[i].start;
              int y1 = rows[r].start;
              int x2 = i + cell.colspan < cols.length ? cols[i + cell.colspan].start - spacingX : container.getWidth() - insets.right;
              int y2 = r + cell.rowspan < rows.length ? rows[r + cell.rowspan].start - spacingY : container.getHeight() - insets.bottom;
              if (debug)
                System.out.println("Layouting (" + i + ", " + r + ", " + cell.component.getClass().getName() + "): " + x1 + " " + y1 + " " + x2 + " " + y2);
              cell.component.setBounds(x1, y1, x2 - x1, y2 - y1);
            }
            i += cells[i][r].colspan;
          }
        }
      }
    }

    final public void prepareLayout(Container container) {
      applyTemplate(container);
      int numRows = lines.length, numCols = lines[0].length();
      for (int i = 1; i < numRows; i++) if (lines[i].length() != numCols)
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Lines have varying length");
      cells = new Cell[numCols][numRows];
      rows = new RC[numRows];
      cols = new RC[numCols];
      for (int r = 0; r < numRows; r++) rows[r] = new RC();
      for (int i = 0; i < numCols; i++) cols[i] = new RC();
      for (int r = 0; r < numRows; r++) for (int i = 0; i < numCols; i++) cells[i][r] = new Cell();
      for (int r = 0; r < numRows; r++) {
        String line = lines[r];
        for (int i = 0; i < numCols; ) {
          Cell cell = cells[i][r];
          if (cell.aux) {
            ++i;
            continue;
          }
          char ch = line.charAt(i);
          int iNext = i;
          do ++iNext; while (iNext < numCols && ch == line.charAt(iNext));
          int rNext = r;
          do ++rNext; while (rNext < numRows && ch == lines[rNext].charAt(i));
          cell.weightX = numCols == 1 || iNext > i + 1 ? 1.0 : 0.0;
          cell.weightY = numRows == 1 || rNext > r + 1 ? 1.0 : 0.0;
          Component c = map.get(String.valueOf(ch));
          cell.component = c;
          if (c != null) {
            cell.minWidth = c.getMinimumSize().width + spacingX;
            cell.minHeight = getMinimumHeight(c) + spacingY;
          }
          cell.colspan = iNext - i;
          cell.rowspan = rNext - r;
          if (cell.colspan == 1)
            cols[i].min = Math.max(cols[i].min, cell.minWidth);
          if (cell.rowspan == 1)
            rows[r].min = Math.max(rows[r].min, cell.minHeight);
          for (int r2 = r; r2 < rNext; r2++) for (int i2 = i; i2 < iNext; i2++) if (r2 != r || i2 != i)
            cells[i2][r2].aux = true;
          i = iNext;
        }
      }
      while (true) {
        for (int i = 0; i < numCols; i++) {
          int minStart = i == 0 ? 0 : cols[i - 1].minEnd;
          double weightStart = i == 0 ? 0.0 : cols[i - 1].weightSum;
          for (int r = 0; r < numRows; r++) {
            Cell cell = cells[i][r];
            if (!cell.aux) {
              RC rc = cols[i + cell.colspan - 1];
              rc.minEnd = Math.max(rc.minEnd, minStart + cell.minWidth);
              rc.weightSum = Math.max(rc.weightSum, weightStart + cell.weightX);
            }
          }
        }
        for (int r = 0; r < numRows; r++) {
          int minStart = r == 0 ? 0 : rows[r - 1].minEnd;
          double weightStart = r == 0 ? 0.0 : rows[r - 1].weightSum;
          for (int i = 0; i < numCols; i++) {
            Cell cell = cells[i][r];
            if (!cell.aux) {
              RC rc = rows[r + cell.rowspan - 1];
              rc.minEnd = Math.max(rc.minEnd, minStart + cell.minHeight);
              rc.weightSum = Math.max(rc.weightSum, weightStart + cell.weightY);
            }
          }
        }
        if (allWeightsZero(cols)) {
          for (int r = 0; r < numRows; r++) for (int i = 0; i < numCols; i++) cells[i][r].weightX = 1.0;
          continue;
        }
        if (allWeightsZero(rows)) {
          for (int r = 0; r < numRows; r++) for (int i = 0; i < numCols; i++) cells[i][r].weightY = 1.0;
          continue;
        }
        break;
      }
      Insets insets = getInsets(container);
      determineStarts(cols, insets.left, container.getWidth() - insets.left - insets.right + spacingX, spacingX);
      determineStarts(rows, insets.top, container.getHeight() - insets.top - insets.bottom + spacingY, spacingY);
    }

    final public boolean allWeightsZero(RC[] rcs) {
      for (int i = 0; i < rcs.length; i++) if (rcs[i].weightSum != 0.0)
        return false;
      return true;
    }

    static public int getMinimumHeight(Component c) {
      return c.getMinimumSize().height;
    }

    final public void applyTemplate(Container container) {
      if (template == STALACTITE) {
        Component[] components = container.getComponents();
        lines = new String[components.length + 2];
        map.clear();
        for (int i = 0; i < components.length; i++) {
          String s = String.valueOf(makeIndexChar(i));
          map.put(s, components[i]);
          lines[i] = s;
        }
        lines[components.length] = lines[components.length + 1] = " ";
      } else if (template == FORM) {
        Component[] components = container.getComponents();
        int numRows = components.length / 2;
        lines = new String[numRows + 2];
        map.clear();
        for (int row = 0; row < numRows; row++) {
          String lower = String.valueOf(makeIndexChar(row));
          String upper = String.valueOf(makeAlternateIndexChar(row));
          Component rightComponent = components[row * 2 + 1];
          if (rightComponent instanceof DummyComponent)
            upper = lower;
          lines[row] = (formWideLeftSide ? lower + lower : lower) + (formWideRightSide ? upper + upper : upper);
          map.put(lower, components[row * 2]);
          if (!(rightComponent instanceof DummyComponent))
            map.put(upper, rightComponent);
        }
        lines[numRows] = lines[numRows + 1] = (formWideLeftSide ? "  " : " ") + (formWideRightSide ? "  " : " ");
      } else if (template == LEFT_ALIGNED_ROW) {
        lines = new String[] { makeSingleRow(container) + RIGHT_CHAR + RIGHT_CHAR };
      } else if (template == CENTERED_ROW) {
        lines = new String[] { "" + LEFT_CHAR + LEFT_CHAR + makeSingleRow(container) + RIGHT_CHAR + RIGHT_CHAR };
      } else if (template == RIGHT_ALIGNED_ROW) {
        lines = new String[] { "" + LEFT_CHAR + LEFT_CHAR + makeSingleRow(container) };
      }
    }

    final public String makeSingleRow(Container container) {
      Component[] components = container.getComponents();
      StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
      map.clear();
      for (int i = 0; i < components.length; i++) {
        String s = String.valueOf(makeAlternateIndexChar(i));
        map.put(s, components[i]);
        buf.append(s);
      }
      return buf.toString();
    }

    static public void determineStarts(RC[] rcs, int start, int totalSize, int spacing) {
      int minTotal = rcs[rcs.length - 1].minEnd;
      double weightSum = rcs[rcs.length - 1].weightSum;
      int spare = (int) ((totalSize - minTotal) / (weightSum == 0.0 ? 1.0 : weightSum));
      int x = start, minSum = 0;
      double prevWeightSum = 0.0;
      for (int i = 0; i < rcs.length; i++) {
        int width = rcs[i].minEnd - minSum + (int) ((rcs[i].weightSum - prevWeightSum) * spare) - spacing;
        rcs[i].start = x;
        x += width + spacing;
        prevWeightSum = rcs[i].weightSum;
        minSum = rcs[i].minEnd;
      }
    }

    public void addLayoutComponent(String s, Component component) {
      map.put(s, component);
    }

    public Dimension minimumLayoutSize(Container container) {
      prepareLayout(container);
      Insets insets = getInsets(container);
      Dimension result = new Dimension(insets.left + cols[cols.length - 1].minEnd + insets.right - spacingX, insets.top + rows[rows.length - 1].minEnd + insets.bottom - spacingY);
      return result;
    }

    final public Insets getInsets(Container container) {
      Insets insets = container.getInsets();
      return new Insets(insets.top + insetTop, insets.left + insetLeft, insets.bottom + insetBottom, insets.right + insetRight);
    }

    public Dimension preferredLayoutSize(Container container) {
      return minimumLayoutSize(container);
    }

    public LetterLayout setSpacing(int x, int y) {
      spacingX = x;
      spacingY = y;
      return this;
    }

    public LetterLayout setSpacing(int spacing) {
      return setSpacing(spacing, spacing);
    }

    public LetterLayout setBorder(int top, int left, int bottom, int right) {
      insetTop = top;
      insetLeft = left;
      insetBottom = bottom;
      insetRight = right;
      return this;
    }

    public LetterLayout setBorder(int inset) {
      return setBorder(inset, inset, inset, inset);
    }

    public LetterLayout setTopBorder(int inset) {
      insetTop = inset;
      return this;
    }

    public static LetterLayout stalactite() {
      return new LetterLayout(STALACTITE);
    }

    public static LetterLayout leftAlignedRow() {
      return new LetterLayout(LEFT_ALIGNED_ROW);
    }

    public static LetterLayout leftAlignedRow(int spacing) {
      return leftAlignedRow().setSpacing(spacing);
    }

    public static LetterLayout centeredRow() {
      return new LetterLayout(CENTERED_ROW);
    }

    public static LetterLayout rightAlignedRow() {
      return new LetterLayout(RIGHT_ALIGNED_ROW);
    }

    public static JPanel rightAlignedRowPanel(JComponent... components) {
      return makePanel(new LetterLayout(RIGHT_ALIGNED_ROW), components);
    }

    static public JPanel makePanel(LetterLayout letterLayout, JComponent[] components) {
      JPanel panel = new JPanel(letterLayout);
      for (JComponent component : components) {
        panel.add(component);
      }
      return panel;
    }

    public static LetterLayout form() {
      LetterLayout letterLayout = new LetterLayout(FORM);
      letterLayout.formWideLeftSide = true;
      letterLayout.formWideRightSide = true;
      return letterLayout;
    }

    public static LetterLayout formWideRightSide() {
      LetterLayout letterLayout = new LetterLayout(FORM);
      letterLayout.formWideRightSide = true;
      return letterLayout;
    }

    public static Component getDummyComponent() {
      return new DummyComponent();
    }

    public static JPanel newPanel(String... lines) {
      return new JPanel(new LetterLayout(lines));
    }

    public boolean isDebug() {
      return debug;
    }

    public void setDebug(boolean debug) {
      this.debug = debug;
    }

    public static char makeIndexChar(int idx) {
      return (char) ('a' + idx * 2);
    }

    public static char makeAlternateIndexChar(int idx) {
      return (char) ('b' + idx * 2);
    }

    public static char LEFT_CHAR = ',', RIGHT_CHAR = '.';

    public static void main(String[] args) {
      System.out.println((int) makeIndexChar(0));
      System.out.println((int) makeAlternateIndexChar(0));
      System.out.println((int) makeIndexChar(32000));
      System.out.println((int) makeAlternateIndexChar(32000));
      System.out.println((int) LEFT_CHAR);
      System.out.println((int) RIGHT_CHAR);
    }
  }

  static public boolean reflection_isForbiddenMethod(Method m) {
    return m.getDeclaringClass() == Object.class && eqOneOf(m.getName(), "finalize", "clone", "registerNatives");
  }

  static public <A, B> void multiMapPut(Map<A, List<B>> map, A a, B b) {
    List<B> l = map.get(a);
    if (l == null)
      map.put(a, l = new ArrayList());
    l.add(b);
  }

  static public Set<Class> allInterfacesImplementedBy(Class c) {
    if (c == null)
      return null;
    HashSet<Class> set = new HashSet();
    allInterfacesImplementedBy_find(c, set);
    return set;
  }

  static public void allInterfacesImplementedBy_find(Class c, Set<Class> set) {
    if (c.isInterface() && !set.add(c))
      return;
    do {
      for (Class intf : c.getInterfaces()) allInterfacesImplementedBy_find(intf, set);
    } while ((c = c.getSuperclass()) != null);
  }

  static public Method findMethod(Object o, String method, Object... args) {
    return findMethod_cached(o, method, args);
  }

  static public boolean findMethod_checkArgs(Method m, Object[] args, boolean debug) {
    Class<?>[] types = m.getParameterTypes();
    if (types.length != args.length) {
      if (debug)
        System.out.println("Bad parameter length: " + args.length + " vs " + types.length);
      return false;
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < types.length; i++) if (!(args[i] == null || isInstanceX(types[i], args[i]))) {
      if (debug)
        System.out.println("Bad parameter " + i + ": " + args[i] + " vs " + types[i]);
      return false;
    }
    return true;
  }

  static public boolean call_checkArgs(Method m, Object[] args, boolean debug) {
    Class<?>[] types = m.getParameterTypes();
    if (types.length != args.length) {
      if (debug)
        print("Bad parameter length: " + args.length + " vs " + types.length);
      return false;
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < types.length; i++) {
      Object arg = args[i];
      if (!(arg == null ? !types[i].isPrimitive() : isInstanceX(types[i], arg))) {
        if (debug)
          print("Bad parameter " + i + ": " + arg + " vs " + types[i]);
        return false;
      }
    }
    return true;
  }

  static public Method findStaticMethod(Class c, String method, Object... args) {
    Class _c = c;
    while (c != null) {
      for (Method m : c.getDeclaredMethods()) {
        if (!m.getName().equals(method))
          continue;
        if ((m.getModifiers() & Modifier.STATIC) == 0 || !findStaticMethod_checkArgs(m, args))
          continue;
        return m;
      }
      c = c.getSuperclass();
    }
    return null;
  }

  static public boolean findStaticMethod_checkArgs(Method m, Object[] args) {
    Class<?>[] types = m.getParameterTypes();
    if (types.length != args.length)
      return false;
    for (int i = 0; i < types.length; i++) if (!(args[i] == null || isInstanceX(types[i], args[i])))
      return false;
    return true;
  }

  static public <A extends JSpinner> A onChange(A spinner, Object r) {
    {
      swing(new Runnable() {

        public void run() {
          try {
            spinner.addChangeListener(changeListener(r));
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "spinner.addChangeListener(changeListener(r));";
        }
      });
    }
    return spinner;
  }

  static public <A extends AbstractButton> A onChange(A b, Object r) {
    {
      swing(new Runnable() {

        public void run() {
          try {
            b.addItemListener(itemListener(r));
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "b.addItemListener(itemListener(r));";
        }
      });
    }
    return b;
  }

  static public void onChange(JTextComponent tc, Object r) {
    onUpdate(tc, r);
  }

  static public <A extends JSlider> A onChange(A slider, final Object r) {
    {
      swing(new Runnable() {

        public void run() {
          try {
            slider.addChangeListener(changeListener(r));
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "slider.addChangeListener(changeListener(r));";
        }
      });
    }
    return slider;
  }

  static public JComboBox onChange(Object r, JComboBox cb) {
    return onChange(cb, r);
  }

  static public JComboBox onChange(JComboBox cb, final Object r) {
    if (isEditableComboBox(cb))
      onChange(textFieldFromComboBox(cb), r);
    else
      onSelectedItem(cb, new VF1<String>() {

        public void get(String s) {
          try {
            callF(r);
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "callF(r)";
        }
      });
    return cb;
  }

  static public void add(BitSet bs, int i) {
    bs.set(i);
  }

  static public <A> boolean add(Collection<A> c, A a) {
    return c != null && c.add(a);
  }

  static public void add(Container c, Component x) {
    addToContainer(c, x);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> subList(List<A> l, int startIndex) {
    return subList(l, startIndex, l(l));
  }

  static public <A> List<A> subList(int startIndex, int endIndex, List<A> l) {
    return subList(l, startIndex, endIndex);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> subList(List<A> l, int startIndex, int endIndex) {
    if (l == null)
      return null;
    int n = l(l);
    startIndex = Math.max(0, startIndex);
    endIndex = Math.min(n, endIndex);
    if (startIndex >= endIndex)
      return ll();
    if (startIndex == 0 && endIndex == n)
      return l;
    return l.subList(startIndex, endIndex);
  }

  static public RuntimeException todo() {
    throw new RuntimeException("TODO");
  }

  static public RuntimeException todo(Object msg) {
    throw new RuntimeException("TODO: " + msg);
  }

  static public double yearsToSeconds(double years) {
    return daysToSeconds(years * 365);
  }

  static public void assertOnPATH(String cmd) {
    if (!isOnPATH(cmd))
      print("Not on PATH: " + cmd);
  }

  static public void drainStreamInNewThread(InputStream in) {
    startThread("Draining stream", new Runnable() {

      public void run() {
        try {
          drainStream(in);
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "drainStream(in);";
      }
    });
  }

  static public boolean cleanUp_interruptThreads = false;

  static public void cleanUp(Object c) {
    if (c == null)
      return;
    if (c instanceof AutoCloseable) {
      close_pcall(((AutoCloseable) c));
      return;
    }
    if (c instanceof java.util.Timer) {
      ((java.util.Timer) c).cancel();
      return;
    }
    if (c instanceof Collection) {
      cleanUp((Collection) c);
      return;
    }
    if (c instanceof Map) {
      for (Object o : keys((Map) c)) cleanUp(o);
      for (Object o : values((Map) c)) cleanUp(o);
      ((Map) c).clear();
      return;
    }
    try {
      preCleanUp(c);
      setOpt(c, "ping_pauseAll", false);
      innerCleanUp(c);
      List androids = (List) getOpt(c, "record_list");
      for (Object android : unnull(androids)) pcallOpt(android, "dispose");
      List<WeakReference> classes = (List<WeakReference>) (getOpt(c, "hotwire_classes"));
      if (classes != null)
        for (WeakReference cc : classes) {
          try {
            cleanUp(cc.get());
          } catch (Throwable __e) {
            _handleException(__e);
          }
        }
      if (cleanUp_interruptThreads) {
        List<Thread> threads = registeredThreads(c);
        if (nempty(threads)) {
          print("cleanUp: Interrupting " + n2(threads, "thread") + ": " + joinWithComma(allToString(threads)));
          interruptThreads(threads);
        }
      }
    } catch (Throwable __e) {
      _handleException(__e);
    }
    setOpt(c, "cleaningUp_flag", false);
    if (c instanceof Class && ((Class) c).getName().equals("main"))
      retireClassLoader(((Class) c).getClassLoader());
  }

  static public void cleanUp(Collection l) {
    if (l == null)
      return;
    for (Object c : l) cleanUp(c);
    l.clear();
  }

  static public String defaultTimerName_name;

  static public String defaultTimerName() {
    if (defaultTimerName_name == null)
      defaultTimerName_name = "A timer by " + programID();
    return defaultTimerName_name;
  }

  static public Set<java.util.Timer> _registerTimer_list = newWeakHashSet();

  static public void _registerTimer(java.util.Timer timer) {
    _registerTimer_list.add(timer);
  }

  static public void cleanMeUp__registerTimer() {
    cancelTimers(getAndClearList(_registerTimer_list));
  }

  static public Object[] toArray(Collection c) {
    return toObjectArray(c);
  }

  static public <A> A[] toArray(Collection c, Class<A> type) {
    A[] a = arrayOfType(l(c), type);
    if (a.length == 0)
      return a;
    asList(c).toArray(a);
    return a;
  }

  static public <A> A[] toArray(A[] array, Collection c) {
    if (array == null || c == null)
      return null;
    asList(c).toArray(array);
    return array;
  }

  static public <A> Iterator<A> iterator(Iterable<A> c) {
    return c == null ? emptyIterator() : c.iterator();
  }

  static public void change() {
    callOpt(getOptMC("mainConcepts"), "allChanged");
  }

  static public JComponent unwrap(JComponent c) {
    return c instanceof JScrollPane ? unwrapScrollPane((JScrollPane) c) : c;
  }

  static public byte[] readFully(InputStream in) {
    return streamToBytes(in);
  }

  static public <A> A set(A o, String field, Object value) {
    if (o == null)
      return null;
    if (o instanceof Class)
      set((Class) o, field, value);
    else
      try {
        Field f = set_findField(o.getClass(), field);
        makeAccessible(f);
        smartSet(f, o, value);
      } catch (Exception e) {
        throw new RuntimeException(e);
      }
    return o;
  }

  static public void set(Class c, String field, Object value) {
    if (c == null)
      return;
    try {
      Field f = set_findStaticField(c, field);
      makeAccessible(f);
      smartSet(f, null, value);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      throw new RuntimeException(e);
    }
  }

  static public Field set_findStaticField(Class<?> c, String field) {
    Class _c = c;
    do {
      for (Field f : _c.getDeclaredFields()) if (f.getName().equals(field) && (f.getModifiers() & java.lang.reflect.Modifier.STATIC) != 0)
        return f;
      _c = _c.getSuperclass();
    } while (_c != null);
    throw new RuntimeException("Static field '" + field + "' not found in " + c.getName());
  }

  static public Field set_findField(Class<?> c, String field) {
    Class _c = c;
    do {
      for (Field f : _c.getDeclaredFields()) if (f.getName().equals(field))
        return f;
      _c = _c.getSuperclass();
    } while (_c != null);
    throw new RuntimeException("Field '" + field + "' not found in " + c.getName());
  }

  static public Method findMethod_cached(Object o, String method, Object... args) {
    try {
      if (o == null)
        return null;
      if (o instanceof Class) {
        _MethodCache cache = callOpt_getCache(((Class) o));
        List<Method> methods = cache.cache.get(method);
        if (methods != null)
          for (Method m : methods) if (isStaticMethod(m) && findMethod_checkArgs(m, args, false))
            return m;
        return null;
      } else {
        _MethodCache cache = callOpt_getCache(o.getClass());
        List<Method> methods = cache.cache.get(method);
        if (methods != null)
          for (Method m : methods) if (findMethod_checkArgs(m, args, false))
            return m;
        return null;
      }
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public ChangeListener changeListener(final Object r) {
    return new ChangeListener() {

      public void stateChanged(ChangeEvent e) {
        pcallF(r);
      }
    };
  }

  static public ItemListener itemListener(final Object r) {
    return new ItemListener() {

      public void itemStateChanged(ItemEvent e) {
        pcallF(r);
      }
    };
  }

  static public void onUpdate(JComponent c, final Object r) {
    if (c instanceof JTextComponent)
      ((JTextComponent) c).getDocument().addDocumentListener(new DocumentListener() {

        public void insertUpdate(DocumentEvent e) {
          call(r);
        }

        public void removeUpdate(DocumentEvent e) {
          call(r);
        }

        public void changedUpdate(DocumentEvent e) {
          call(r);
        }
      });
    else if (c instanceof ItemSelectable)
      ((ItemSelectable) c).addItemListener(new ItemListener() {

        public void itemStateChanged(ItemEvent e) {
          call(r);
        }
      });
    else
      print("Warning: onUpdate doesn't know " + getClassName(c));
  }

  static public void onUpdate(List<? extends JComponent> l, Object r) {
    for (JComponent c : l) onUpdate(c, r);
  }

  static public boolean isEditableComboBox(final JComboBox cb) {
    return cb != null && swing(new F0<Boolean>() {

      public Boolean get() {
        try {
          return cb.isEditable();
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "ret cb.isEditable();";
      }
    });
  }

  static public JTextField textFieldFromComboBox(JComboBox cb) {
    return (JTextField) cb.getEditor().getEditorComponent();
  }

  static public JComboBox onSelectedItem(final JComboBox cb, final VF1<String> f) {
    addActionListener(cb, new Runnable() {

      public void run() {
        try {
          pcallF(f, selectedItem(cb));
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "pcallF(f, selectedItem(cb))";
      }
    });
    return cb;
  }

  static public void addToContainer(final Container a, final Component b) {
    if (a != null && b != null) {
      swing(new Runnable() {

        public void run() {
          try {
            a.add(b);
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "a.add(b);";
        }
      });
    }
  }

  static public double daysToSeconds(double days) {
    return round(days * 24 * 60 * 60);
  }

  static public boolean isOnPATH(String cmd) {
    return findCmdOnPATH(cmd) != null;
  }

  static public Thread startThread(Object runnable) {
    return startThread(defaultThreadName(), runnable);
  }

  static public Thread startThread(String name, Object runnable) {
    runnable = wrapAsActivity(runnable);
    return startThread(newThread(toRunnable(runnable), name));
  }

  static public Thread startThread(Thread t) {
    _registerThread(t);
    t.start();
    return t;
  }

  static public void drainStream(InputStream in) {
    try {
      AutoCloseable __0 = in;
      try {
        byte[] buf = new byte[65536];
        while (true) {
          int n = in.read(buf);
          if (n <= 0)
            return;
        }
      } finally {
        _close(__0);
      }
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public void close_pcall(AutoCloseable c) {
    if (c != null) {
      try {
        c.close();
      } catch (Throwable __e) {
        _handleException(__e);
      }
    }
  }

  static public <A, B> Collection<B> values(Map<A, B> map) {
    return map == null ? emptyList() : map.values();
  }

  static public void preCleanUp(Object c) {
    if (c instanceof Collection) {
      for (Object o : ((Collection) c)) preCleanUp(o);
      return;
    }
    callOpt(c, "licensed_off");
    setOpt(c, "ping_anyActions", true);
    setOpt(c, "cleaningUp_flag", true);
  }

  static public void innerCleanUp(Object c) {
    if (!isFalse(pcallOpt(c, "cleanMeUp")))
      for (String name : sorted(methodsStartingWith(c, "cleanMeUp_"))) try {
        callOpt(c, name);
      } catch (Throwable e) {
        print("Error cleaning up: " + programID(c));
        _handleException(e);
      }
  }

  static public void innerCleanUp() {
    innerCleanUp(mc());
  }

  static public Object pcallOpt(Object o, String method, Object... args) {
    try {
      return callOpt(o, method, args);
    } catch (Throwable __e) {
      _handleException(__e);
    }
    return null;
  }

  static public List<Thread> registeredThreads(Object o) {
    Map<Thread, Boolean> map = (Map<Thread, Boolean>) (getOpt(o, "_registerThread_threads"));
    if (map == null)
      return ll();
    map.size();
    synchronized (map) {
      return asList(keys(map));
    }
  }

  static public List<Thread> registeredThreads() {
    _registerThread_threads.size();
    return asList(keys(_registerThread_threads));
  }

  static public String n2(long l) {
    return formatWithThousands(l);
  }

  static public String n2(Collection l) {
    return n2(l(l));
  }

  static public String n2(double l, String singular) {
    return n2(l, singular, singular + "s");
  }

  static public String n2(double l, String singular, String plural) {
    if (fraction(l) == 0)
      return n2((long) l, singular, plural);
    else
      return l + " " + plural;
  }

  static public String n2(long l, String singular, String plural) {
    return n_fancy2(l, singular, plural);
  }

  static public String n2(long l, String singular) {
    return n_fancy2(l, singular, singular + "s");
  }

  static public String n2(Collection l, String singular) {
    return n2(l(l), singular);
  }

  static public String n2(Collection l, String singular, String plural) {
    return n_fancy2(l, singular, plural);
  }

  static public String n2(Map m, String singular, String plural) {
    return n_fancy2(m, singular, plural);
  }

  static public String n2(Map m, String singular) {
    return n2(l(m), singular);
  }

  static public String n2(Object[] a, String singular) {
    return n2(l(a), singular);
  }

  static public String n2(Object[] a, String singular, String plural) {
    return n_fancy2(a, singular, plural);
  }

  static public String n2(MultiSet ms, String singular, String plural) {
    return n_fancy2(ms, singular, plural);
  }

  static public List<String> allToString(Iterable c) {
    List<String> l = new ArrayList();
    for (Object o : unnull(c)) l.add(str(o));
    return l;
  }

  static public List<String> allToString(Object[] c) {
    List<String> l = new ArrayList();
    for (Object o : unnull(c)) l.add(str(o));
    return l;
  }

  static public void interruptThreads(Collection<Thread> threads) {
    for (Thread t : unnull(threads)) t.interrupt();
  }

  static public void interruptThreads(Class mainClass) {
    interruptThreads(registeredThreads(mainClass));
  }

  static public void retireClassLoader(ClassLoader cl) {
    if (isJavaXClassLoader(cl))
      setOptAll(cl, "retired", true, "retiredMarker", new DefunctClassLoader());
  }

  static public <A> Set<A> newWeakHashSet() {
    return synchroWeakHashSet();
  }

  static public void cancelTimers(Collection timers) {
    for (Object timer : timers) cancelTimer(timer);
  }

  static public Iterator emptyIterator() {
    return Collections.emptyIterator();
  }

  static public Object getOptMC(String field) {
    return getOpt(mc(), field);
  }

  static public JComponent unwrapScrollPane(JScrollPane sp) {
    return sp == null ? null : (JComponent) sp.getViewport().getView();
  }

  static public byte[] streamToBytes(InputStream in) {
    try {
      try {
        ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        copyStream(in, baos);
        return baos.toByteArray();
      } finally {
        in.close();
      }
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public byte[] streamToBytes(InputStream in, int expectedSize) {
    try {
      try {
        ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(expectedSize);
        copyStream(in, baos);
        return baos.toByteArray();
      } finally {
        in.close();
      }
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public void smartSet(Field f, Object o, Object value) throws Exception {
    try {
      f.set(o, value);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      Class type = f.getType();
      if (type == int.class && value instanceof Long)
        value = ((Long) value).intValue();
      if (type == LinkedHashMap.class && value instanceof Map) {
        f.set(o, asLinkedHashMap((Map) value));
        return;
      }
      try {
        if (f.getType() == Concept.Ref.class) {
          f.set(o, ((Concept) o).new Ref((Concept) value));
          return;
        }
        if (o instanceof Concept.Ref) {
          f.set(o, ((Concept.Ref) o).get());
          return;
        }
      } catch (Throwable _e) {
      }
      throw e;
    }
  }

  static public Map<Thread, Boolean> _registerThread_threads;

  static public Object _onRegisterThread;

  static public Thread _registerThread(Thread t) {
    if (_registerThread_threads == null)
      _registerThread_threads = newWeakHashMap();
    _registerThread_threads.put(t, true);
    vm_generalWeakSubMap("thread2mc").put(t, weakRef(mc()));
    callF(_onRegisterThread, t);
    return t;
  }

  static public void _registerThread() {
    _registerThread(Thread.currentThread());
  }

  static public void addActionListener(JTextField tf, final Runnable action) {
    onEnter(tf, action);
  }

  static public void addActionListener(final JComboBox cb, final Runnable action) {
    if (cb != null) {
      swing(new Runnable() {

        public void run() {
          try {
            cb.addActionListener(actionListener(action));
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "cb.addActionListener(actionListener(action));";
        }
      });
    }
  }

  static public void addActionListener(final AbstractButton b, final Runnable action) {
    if (b != null) {
      swing(new Runnable() {

        public void run() {
          try {
            b.addActionListener(actionListener(action));
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "b.addActionListener(actionListener(action));";
        }
      });
    }
  }

  static public String selectedItem(JList l) {
    return getSelectedItem(l);
  }

  static public String selectedItem(JComboBox cb) {
    return getSelectedItem(cb);
  }

  static public long round(double d) {
    return Math.round(d);
  }

  static public File findCmdOnPATH(String cmd) {
    String path = System.getenv("PATH");
    List<String> dirs = splitAt(path, File.pathSeparator);
    String c = isWindows() ? addSuffix(cmd, ".exe") : cmd;
    for (String dir : dirs) {
      File f = new File(dir, c);
      if (f.isFile())
        return f;
    }
    return null;
  }

  static public String defaultThreadName_name;

  static public String defaultThreadName() {
    if (defaultThreadName_name == null)
      defaultThreadName_name = "A thread by " + programID();
    return defaultThreadName_name;
  }

  static public Runnable wrapAsActivity(Object r) {
    return toRunnable(r);
  }

  static public Thread newThread(Object runnable) {
    return new Thread(_topLevelErrorHandling(toRunnable(runnable)));
  }

  static public Thread newThread(Object runnable, String name) {
    if (name == null)
      name = defaultThreadName();
    return new Thread(_topLevelErrorHandling(toRunnable(runnable)), name);
  }

  static public Thread newThread(String name, Object runnable) {
    return newThread(runnable, name);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> sorted(Collection<A> c, final Object comparator) {
    List<A> l = cloneList(c);
    sort(l, makeComparator(comparator));
    return l;
  }

  static public <A> List<A> sorted(Collection<A> c) {
    List<A> l = cloneList(c);
    sort(l);
    return l;
  }

  static public List<String> methodsStartingWith(Object o, final String prefix) {
    return filter(allMethodNames(o), new F1<String, Object>() {

      public Object get(String s) {
        try {
          return startsWith(s, prefix);
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "startsWith(s, prefix)";
      }
    });
  }

  static public String formatWithThousands(long l) {
    return formatWithThousandsSeparator(l);
  }

  static public double fraction(double d) {
    return d % 1;
  }

  static public String n_fancy2(long l, String singular, String plural) {
    return formatWithThousandsSeparator(l) + " " + trim(l == 1 ? singular : plural);
  }

  static public String n_fancy2(Collection l, String singular, String plural) {
    return n_fancy2(l(l), singular, plural);
  }

  static public String n_fancy2(Map m, String singular, String plural) {
    return n_fancy2(l(m), singular, plural);
  }

  static public String n_fancy2(Object[] a, String singular, String plural) {
    return n_fancy2(l(a), singular, plural);
  }

  static public String n_fancy2(MultiSet ms, String singular, String plural) {
    return n_fancy2(l(ms), singular, plural);
  }

  static public boolean isJavaXClassLoader(ClassLoader cl) {
    return startsWithOneOf(className(cl), "main$JavaXClassLoader", "x30$JavaXClassLoader");
  }

  static public void setOptAll(Object o, Map<String, Object> fields) {
    if (fields == null)
      return;
    for (String field : keys(fields)) setOpt(o, field, fields.get(field));
  }

  static public void setOptAll(Object o, Object... values) {
    warnIfOddCount(values);
    for (int i = 0; i + 1 < l(values); i += 2) {
      String field = (String) values[i];
      Object value = values[i + 1];
      setOpt(o, field, value);
    }
  }

  static public <A> Set<A> synchroWeakHashSet() {
    return Collections.newSetFromMap((Map) newWeakHashMap());
  }

  static public void cancelTimer(javax.swing.Timer timer) {
    if (timer != null)
      timer.stop();
  }

  static public void cancelTimer(java.util.Timer timer) {
    if (timer != null)
      timer.cancel();
  }

  static public void cancelTimer(Object o) {
    if (o instanceof java.util.Timer)
      cancelTimer((java.util.Timer) o);
    else if (o instanceof javax.swing.Timer)
      cancelTimer((javax.swing.Timer) o);
    else if (o instanceof AutoCloseable) {
      try {
        ((AutoCloseable) o).close();
      } catch (Throwable __e) {
        _handleException(__e);
      }
    }
  }

  static public void copyStream(InputStream in, OutputStream out) {
    try {
      byte[] buf = new byte[65536];
      while (true) {
        int n = in.read(buf);
        if (n <= 0)
          return;
        out.write(buf, 0, n);
      }
    } catch (Exception __e) {
      throw rethrow(__e);
    }
  }

  static public <A, B> LinkedHashMap<A, B> asLinkedHashMap(Map<A, B> map) {
    if (map instanceof LinkedHashMap)
      return (LinkedHashMap) map;
    LinkedHashMap<A, B> m = new LinkedHashMap();
    if (map != null)
      synchronized (collectionMutex(map)) {
        m.putAll(map);
      }
    return m;
  }

  static public <A> WeakReference<A> weakRef(A a) {
    return newWeakReference(a);
  }

  static public JTextField onEnter(final JTextField tf, final Object action) {
    if (action == null || tf == null)
      return tf;
    tf.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {

      public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent _evt) {
        try {
          tf.selectAll();
          callF(action);
        } catch (Throwable __e) {
          messageBox(__e);
        }
      }
    });
    return tf;
  }

  static public JButton onEnter(JButton btn, final Object action) {
    if (action == null || btn == null)
      return btn;
    btn.addActionListener(actionListener(action));
    return btn;
  }

  static public JList onEnter(JList list, Object action) {
    list.addKeyListener(enterKeyListener(rCallOnSelectedListItem(list, action)));
    return list;
  }

  static public JComboBox onEnter(final JComboBox cb, final Object action) {
    {
      swing(new Runnable() {

        public void run() {
          try {
            if (cb.isEditable()) {
              JTextField text = (JTextField) cb.getEditor().getEditorComponent();
              onEnter(text, action);
            } else {
              cb.getInputMap().put(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke("ENTER"), "enter");
              cb.getActionMap().put("enter", abstractAction("", new Runnable() {

                public void run() {
                  try {
                    cb.hidePopup();
                    callF(action);
                  } catch (Exception __e) {
                    throw rethrow(__e);
                  }
                }

                public String toString() {
                  return "cb.hidePopup(); callF(action);";
                }
              }));
            }
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "if (cb.isEditable()) {\r\n      JTextField text = (JTextField) cb.getEditor().g...";
        }
      });
    }
    return cb;
  }

  static public JTable onEnter(final JTable table, final Object action) {
    table.getInputMap(JComponent.WHEN_ANCESTOR_OF_FOCUSED_COMPONENT).put(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER, 0), "Enter");
    table.getActionMap().put("Enter", new AbstractAction() {

      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        callF(action, table.getSelectedRow());
      }
    });
    return table;
  }

  static public JTextField onEnter(Object action, JTextField tf) {
    return onEnter(tf, action);
  }

  static public ActionListener actionListener(final Object runnable) {
    return actionListener(runnable, null);
  }

  static public ActionListener actionListener(final Object runnable, final Object instanceToHold) {
    if (runnable instanceof ActionListener)
      return (ActionListener) runnable;
    final Object info = _threadInfo();
    return new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {

      public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent _evt) {
        try {
          _threadInheritInfo(info);
          AutoCloseable __0 = holdInstance(instanceToHold);
          try {
            callF(runnable);
          } finally {
            _close(__0);
          }
        } catch (Throwable __e) {
          messageBox(__e);
        }
      }
    };
  }

  static public String getSelectedItem(JList l) {
    return (String) l.getSelectedValue();
  }

  static public String getSelectedItem(JComboBox cb) {
    return strOrNull(cb.getSelectedItem());
  }

  static public List<String> splitAt(String s, String splitter) {
    List<String> parts = new ArrayList();
    int i = 0;
    if (s != null)
      while (i < l(s)) {
        int j = indexOf(s, splitter, i);
        if (j < 0)
          j = l(s);
        parts.add(substring(s, i, j));
        i = j + l(splitter);
      }
    return parts;
  }

  public static boolean isWindows() {
    return System.getProperty("os.name").contains("Windows");
  }

  static public String addSuffix(String s, String suffix) {
    return s == null || s.endsWith(suffix) ? s : s + suffix;
  }

  static public Runnable _topLevelErrorHandling(final Runnable runnable) {
    final Object info = _threadInfo();
    return new Runnable() {

      public void run() {
        try {
          try {
            _threadInheritInfo(info);
            runnable.run();
          } catch (Throwable __e) {
            _handleException(__e);
          }
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "pcall {\r\n      _threadInheritInfo(info);\r\n      runnable.run();\r\n    }";
      }
    };
  }

  static public <T> void sort(T[] a, Comparator<? super T> c) {
    Arrays.sort(a, c);
  }

  static public <T> void sort(T[] a) {
    Arrays.sort(a);
  }

  static public void sort(int[] a) {
    if (a != null)
      Arrays.sort(a);
  }

  static public <T> void sort(List<T> a, Comparator<? super T> c) {
    Collections.sort(a, c);
  }

  static public void sort(List a) {
    Collections.sort(a);
  }

  static public Comparator makeComparator(final Object f) {
    if (f instanceof Comparator)
      return (Comparator) f;
    return new Comparator() {

      public int compare(Object a, Object b) {
        return (Integer) callF(f, a, b);
      }
    };
  }

  static public <A> List<A> filter(Iterable<A> c, Object pred) {
    if (pred instanceof F1)
      return filter(c, (F1<A, Boolean>) pred);
    List x = new ArrayList();
    if (c != null)
      for (Object o : c) if (isTrue(callF(pred, o)))
        x.add(o);
    return x;
  }

  static public List filter(Object pred, Iterable c) {
    return filter(c, pred);
  }

  static public <A, B extends A> List<B> filter(Iterable<B> c, F1<A, Boolean> pred) {
    List x = new ArrayList();
    if (c != null)
      for (B o : c) if (pred.get(o))
        x.add(o);
    return x;
  }

  static public <A, B extends A> List<B> filter(F1<A, Boolean> pred, Iterable<B> c) {
    return filter(c, pred);
  }

  static public <A, B extends A> List<B> filter(Iterable<B> c, IF1<A, Boolean> pred) {
    List x = new ArrayList();
    if (c != null)
      for (B o : c) if (pred.get(o))
        x.add(o);
    return x;
  }

  static public <A, B extends A> List<B> filter(B[] c, IF1<A, Boolean> pred) {
    List x = new ArrayList();
    if (c != null)
      for (B o : c) if (pred.get(o))
        x.add(o);
    return x;
  }

  static public <A, B extends A> List<B> filter(IF1<A, Boolean> pred, Iterable<B> c) {
    return filter(c, pred);
  }

  static public List<String> allMethodNames(Object o) {
    Class c = _getClass(o);
    TreeSet<String> names = new TreeSet();
    while (c != null) {
      for (Method m : c.getDeclaredMethods()) names.add(m.getName());
      c = c.getSuperclass();
    }
    return asList(names);
  }

  static public String formatWithThousandsSeparator(long l) {
    return NumberFormat.getInstance(new Locale("en_US")).format(l);
  }

  static public String trim(String s) {
    return s == null ? null : s.trim();
  }

  static public String trim(StringBuilder buf) {
    return buf.toString().trim();
  }

  static public String trim(StringBuffer buf) {
    return buf.toString().trim();
  }

  static public void warnIfOddCount(Object... list) {
    if (odd(l(list)))
      printStackTrace("Odd list size: " + list);
  }

  static public <A> WeakReference<A> newWeakReference(A a) {
    return a == null ? null : new WeakReference(a);
  }

  static public void messageBox(final String msg) {
    if (headless())
      print(msg);
    else {
      swing(new Runnable() {

        public void run() {
          try {
            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, msg, "JavaX", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
          } catch (Exception __e) {
            throw rethrow(__e);
          }
        }

        public String toString() {
          return "JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, msg, \"JavaX\", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MES...";
        }
      });
    }
  }

  static public void messageBox(Throwable e) {
    printStackTrace(e);
    messageBox(hideCredentials(innerException2(e)));
  }

  static public KeyListener enterKeyListener(final Object action) {
    return new KeyAdapter() {

      public void keyPressed(KeyEvent ke) {
        if (ke.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.VK_ENTER)
          pcallF(action);
      }
    };
  }

  static public Runnable rCallOnSelectedListItem(final JList list, final Object action) {
    return new Runnable() {

      public void run() {
        try {
          pcallF(action, getSelectedItem(list));
        } catch (Exception __e) {
          throw rethrow(__e);
        }
      }

      public String toString() {
        return "pcallF(action, getSelectedItem(list))";
      }
    };
  }

  static public AbstractAction abstractAction(String name, final Object runnable) {
    return new AbstractAction(name) {

      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent evt) {
        pcallF(runnable);
      }
    };
  }

  static public ThreadLocal<List<Object>> holdInstance_l = new ThreadLocal();

  static public AutoCloseable holdInstance(Object o) {
    if (o == null)
      return null;
    listThreadLocalAdd(holdInstance_l, o);
    return new AutoCloseable() {

      public void close() {
        listThreadLocalPopLast(holdInstance_l);
      }
    };
  }

  static public boolean odd(int i) {
    return (i & 1) != 0;
  }

  static public boolean odd(long i) {
    return (i & 1) != 0;
  }

  static public boolean odd(BigInteger i) {
    return odd(toInt(i));
  }

  static public <A extends Throwable> A printStackTrace(A e) {
    print(getStackTrace(e));
    return e;
  }

  static public void printStackTrace() {
    printStackTrace(new Throwable());
  }

  static public void printStackTrace(String msg) {
    printStackTrace(new Throwable(msg));
  }

  static public void printStackTrace(String msg, Throwable e) {
    printStackTrace(new Throwable(msg, e));
  }

  static public boolean headless() {
    return isHeadless();
  }

  static public <A> void listThreadLocalAdd(ThreadLocal<List<A>> tl, A a) {
    List<A> l = tl.get();
    if (l == null)
      tl.set(l = new ArrayList());
    l.add(a);
  }

  static public <A> A listThreadLocalPopLast(ThreadLocal<List<A>> tl) {
    List<A> l = tl.get();
    if (l == null)
      return null;
    A a = popLast(l);
    if (empty(l))
      tl.set(null);
    return a;
  }

  static public <A> A popLast(List<A> l) {
    return liftLast(l);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> popLast(int n, List<A> l) {
    return liftLast(n, l);
  }

  static public <A> A liftLast(List<A> l) {
    if (empty(l))
      return null;
    int i = l(l) - 1;
    A a = l.get(i);
    l.remove(i);
    return a;
  }

  static public <A> List<A> liftLast(int n, List<A> l) {
    int i = l(l) - n;
    List<A> part = cloneSubList(l, i);
    removeSubList(l, i);
    return part;
  }

  static public <A> List<A> cloneSubList(List<A> l, int startIndex, int endIndex) {
    return newSubList(l, startIndex, endIndex);
  }

  static public <A> List<A> cloneSubList(List<A> l, int startIndex) {
    return newSubList(l, startIndex);
  }

  static public void removeSubList(List l, int from, int to) {
    if (l != null)
      subList(l, from, to).clear();
  }

  static public void removeSubList(List l, int from) {
    if (l != null)
      subList(l, from).clear();
  }

  static public <A> List<A> newSubList(List<A> l, int startIndex, int endIndex) {
    return cloneList(subList(l, startIndex, endIndex));
  }

  static public <A> List<A> newSubList(List<A> l, int startIndex) {
    return cloneList(subList(l, startIndex));
  }

  static public class DefunctClassLoader {
  }

  static public <A> ListIterator<A> listIterator(List<A> l) {
    return l == null ? emptyListIterator() : l.listIterator();
  }

  static public ListIterator emptyListIterator() {
    return Collections.emptyListIterator();
  }
}